A method and system for recycling highway photovoltaic panels

Abstract

The application provides a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method and system, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling.The method comprises the following steps: judging whether the current photovoltaic panel has failed and the failure type; when the current failure photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high, the current failure photovoltaic panel is taken as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled; the photovoltaic panel to be recycled is disassembled and classified, and the recyclable components are separated; the frame in the recyclable components is installed on the side slope of the highway, and the concrete is poured between and in the frame to form a lattice type slope protection structure; the waterproof slope protection cloth is made of the backboard material in the recyclable components, and the waterproof slope protection cloth is laid on the side slope of the highway.The application has the functions of quick response, comprehensive monitoring and accurate identification of the failure position, improves the resource recycling efficiency and material utilization value, significantly reduces the environmental pollution, and promotes the recycling of resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel recycling, and particularly relates to a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, solar photovoltaic panels have been widely used along highways. They can generate electricity using idle land along highways and effectively reduce the carbon footprint of highways, promoting the development of green transportation. However, photovoltaic panels along highways face harsh natural environments, including wind, sand, rain, snow, high temperatures, and low temperatures, and other extreme weather conditions, which can easily cause damage and performance degradation of photovoltaic panels.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic panel fault detection methods rely heavily on a large number of sensors and manual inspections, which are costly and inefficient. In particular, in distributed photovoltaic power generation systems along highways, there are problems of insufficient detection coverage and delayed fault response.

[0004] In addition, existing recycling systems cannot effectively handle photovoltaic panel fault classification and recycling problems, leading to resource waste and environmental pollution, making it difficult to achieve efficient resource recycling. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method and system, which uses a UAV inspection method to comprehensively cover and detect photovoltaic panels in the target area, and combines sensor data processing methods to improve inspection efficiency. Seven kinds of related recyclable component recycling methods are designed using physical methods and material regeneration methods to achieve the reasonable use of recyclable components in the highway system, and to achieve efficient recycling of recycled resources.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, one or more embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method.

[0008] A highway photovoltaic panel recycling method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] determining whether the current photovoltaic panel has failed and the type of failure;

[0010] based on the type of failure of the failed photovoltaic panel, assessing whether the current failed photovoltaic panel can be repaired and the repair cost, and when the current failed photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high, regarding the current failed photovoltaic panel as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled;

[0011] disassembling and classifying the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, and separating recyclable components therefrom;

[0012] The frame and backboard material in the recyclable component are recycled by a physical method:

[0013] The frame in the recyclable component is installed on the side slope of the highway, and concrete is poured between and in the frames to form a lattice type slope protection structure;

[0014] The waterproof slope cloth is made based on the backboard material in the recyclable component, and the waterproof slope cloth is laid on the highway side slope.

[0015] The second aspect of the present application provides a highway photovoltaic panel recycling system.

[0016] The highway photovoltaic panel recycling system comprises:

[0017] The fault judgment module is configured to judge whether the current photovoltaic panel has a fault and the fault type;

[0018] The recycling judgment module is configured to evaluate whether the current fault photovoltaic panel can be repaired and the repair cost based on the fault type of the fault photovoltaic panel, and the current fault photovoltaic panel is taken as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled when the current fault photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high;

[0019] The disassembly module is configured to disassemble and classify the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, and separate the recyclable components therefrom;

[0020] The frame and backboard material recycling module is configured to recycle the frame and backboard material in the recyclable component by a physical method:

[0021] The frame in the recyclable component is installed on the side slope of the highway, and concrete is poured between and in the frames to form a lattice type slope protection structure;

[0022] The waterproof slope cloth is made based on the backboard material in the recyclable component, and the waterproof slope cloth is laid on the highway side slope.

[0023] The third aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the steps in the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to the first aspect of the present application.

[0024] The fourth aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the steps in the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to the first aspect of the present application.

[0025] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention provides a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method and system, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient photovoltaic panel detection coverage, untimely fault response, and difficulty in achieving efficient recycling of resources in the existing distributed photovoltaic power generation system along highways. The present invention utilizes drone inspection to conduct comprehensive coverage inspection of photovoltaic panels in the target area, and combines sensor data processing to improve inspection efficiency, accuracy and timely fault response; adopts physical methods and material regeneration methods to design 7 related recyclable component recycling methods, so that the recyclable components can be rationally utilized nearby and on-site in the highway system, thereby achieving efficient recycling of recycled resources.

[0027] The present invention innovatively uses physical methods to recycle components from recyclable components: the frames from the recyclable components are installed on the side slopes of the highway to form a lattice-type slope protection structure; waterproof slope protection cloths are made based on the backboard materials from the recyclable components, and the waterproof slope protection cloths are laid on the side slopes of the highway; the glass materials from the recyclable components are crushed and used as fillers in road construction; and the silicon wafers from the recyclable components are recycled and melted using a material recycling method, and reprocessed into new silicon materials to make photovoltaic paving bricks, which are laid on sections of the highway or in service areas; the glass materials from the recyclable components are processed into reflective signs and signs, which are installed at key locations on the highway. The above methods not only improve resource recovery efficiency and material utilization value, but also significantly reduce environmental pollution and promote the recycling of resources.

[0028] The present invention installs an indicator light in the circuit of each highway photovoltaic panel. The indicator light turns on and off according to the power supply status of the photovoltaic panel. A drone is used to collect images of the highway photovoltaic panels, and an image binarization method is used to identify the on and off status of the indicator light. Combined with the infrared thermal imager carried by the drone to judge the open circuit and short circuit status of the photovoltaic panel, the faulty photovoltaic panel is preliminarily determined and located. The drone's flight route is designed to cover all photovoltaic panels in the target area, thereby improving the coverage rate of photovoltaic panel fault detection.

[0029] The present invention pre-deploys sensors at appropriate locations on photovoltaic panels, including current sensors, voltage sensors, temperature sensors, light sensors, and humidity sensors. It uses threshold setting methods or deep learning technology to identify the current fault type of the photovoltaic panel based on the data sent back by the sensors, thereby improving inspection efficiency, accuracy, and timeliness of fault response.

[0030] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The embodiments of the application, and their

[0032] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of seven recycling methods of photovoltaic panel components for the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 The flow chart of photovoltaic panel fault type judgment for the first embodiment.

[0034] Figure 3 The specific processing method diagram of the photovoltaic panel to be recycled for the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0036] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application.

[0037] In the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0038] Embodiment one

[0039] The embodiment discloses a highway photovoltaic panel recycling method, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient detection coverage of photovoltaic panels, untimely fault response, and difficulty in realizing efficient recycling of resources in the distributed photovoltaic power generation system along the existing highway. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 may include the following steps:

[0040] determine whether the current photovoltaic panel has failed and the type of failure;

[0041] based on the type of failure of the failed photovoltaic panel, assess whether the current failed photovoltaic panel can be repaired and the repair cost, and when the current failed photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high, the current failed photovoltaic panel is taken as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled;

[0042] disassemble and classify the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, and separate the recyclable components therefrom;

[0043] recycle the frame and backboard material in the recyclable components by physical method:

[0044] The frame in the recyclable component is installed on the side slope of the highway, and concrete is poured between and in the frames to form a lattice type slope protection structure.

[0045] The waterproof slope protection cloth is made based on the backboard material in the recyclable component, and the waterproof slope protection cloth is laid on the highway side slope.

[0046] In one specific embodiment of the present application, in order to determine the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, it is necessary to first perform fault detection on all photovoltaic panels in the target area, and the photovoltaic panel that cannot be repaired after failure or has too high repair cost is taken as the photovoltaic panel to be recycled.

[0047] The photovoltaic panel in the target area is subjected to fault detection by using a UAV inspection method combined with a sensor data processing method, specifically including:

[0048] (1) The UAV inspection method is used to preliminarily judge whether the current photovoltaic panel has failed:

[0049] The UAV is controlled to fly according to a set route, ensuring that the flight route of the UAV can cover all photovoltaic panels in the target area, and the UAV is used to collect image data of each photovoltaic panel in the target area;

[0050] An infrared thermal imager is carried on the UAV, and the infrared thermal imager carried by the UAV is used to judge whether there is a device open circuit and short circuit fault;

[0051] The on-off state of the indicator light in the image data of the photovoltaic panel is identified:

[0052] When the indicator light is identified as on, and it is judged by the infrared thermal imager that there is no open circuit and short circuit, it is preliminarily judged that the current photovoltaic panel has no failure;

[0053] When the indicator light is identified as off, or it is judged by the infrared thermal imager that there is an open circuit and / or short circuit, it is preliminarily judged that the current photovoltaic panel has a failure.

[0054] The indicator light is directly connected to the circuit of the photovoltaic panel itself and is on or off according to the power supply condition of the photovoltaic panel.

[0055] (2) The sensor data processing method is used to re-judge whether the current photovoltaic panel has failed and determine the fault type, specifically including:

[0056] Data returned by sensors pre-arranged at appropriate positions of the photovoltaic panel are acquired, the sensors including current sensors, voltage sensors, temperature sensors, light sensors and humidity sensors;

[0057] Threshold setting method or deep learning technology is used to identify the fault type of the current photovoltaic panel based on the data returned by the sensors.

[0058] Further, the above process includes:

[0059] 1. Indicator light and sensor installation. Install indicator lights and sensors on the corresponding positions of the photovoltaic panels to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic panels.

[0060] Determine the installation position of the indicator light and sensor:

[0061] Before installation, the installation position of the indicator light and sensor needs to be carefully determined. This involves factors such as the structural characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, the coverage of the sensor, the visibility of the indicator light, and the convenience of maintenance.

[0062] Specifically, the indicator light on each photovoltaic panel is directly connected to the circuit of the photovoltaic panel itself to ensure that it can be turned on and off according to the power supply of the photovoltaic panel. When installing, a small LED light is placed on the edge or surface of the photovoltaic panel, which will be connected to the internal circuit of the photovoltaic panel.

[0063] Determine the type of sensor layout:

[0064] The sensor should be equipped with temperature sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, etc.; in addition, it can also consider installing light sensors, humidity sensors, vibration sensors, etc. The sensor should be installed at key positions of the photovoltaic panel to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic panel and environmental parameters. It can be considered to be installed at the connector, bracket, circuit board, etc.

[0065] 2. Indicator light power supply status detection. Each photovoltaic panel is equipped with an indicator light that turns on when power is supplied, and the on-off state reflects the power supply status of the photovoltaic panel system.

[0066] Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel receives sunlight and generates electricity, the indicator light will automatically light up; when the power supply is interrupted or fails, the indicator light will go out.

[0067] When laying out the photovoltaic panels, the unique identification and position coordinates of each column of photovoltaic panels and indicator lights can be pre-marked by painting, labeling or other marking methods. These markings will be used for positioning and identification in subsequent unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and fault detection processes.

[0068] 3. Unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and preliminary identification of fault location. Through unmanned aerial vehicle inspection, the power supply status of the indicator light is obtained, that is, the indicator light power supply detection is used to preliminarily screen the photovoltaic panel location information that may have problems.

[0069] Specifically, the unmanned aerial vehicle should be equipped with a high-resolution camera, a GPS and automatic navigation system, and an infrared thermal imager to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to the predetermined route, ensures that it can cover all photovoltaic panel areas, and can preliminarily judge whether the photovoltaic panel has a short circuit or open circuit fault.

[0070] The manager needs to plan the flight route of the UAV according to the distribution of the photovoltaic panels to ensure that all photovoltaic panel areas can be covered. The frequency of UAV inspection is determined, and the best inspection period is selected, such as the time period with sufficient light, to ensure that the status data of the photovoltaic panels are obtained periodically and the image quality taken by the UAV is high.

[0071] The image data collected by the UAV is transmitted to the ground control center through a wireless network for subsequent processing. It includes:

[0072] Through image preprocessing technology, the image brightness and contrast are adjusted, image noise is removed, and the region of interest containing the photovoltaic panel and the indicator light is cropped out;

[0073] Through color and brightness feature extraction, the RGB value or grayscale value of the indicator light area is extracted. Through binarization processing, the grayscale image is binarized to distinguish between light-on and light-off. According to the preset brightness threshold, the indicator light on-off state is judged.

[0074] The UAV records the shooting position of each image to ensure that the image corresponds to the position of the photovoltaic panel. In the position where the indicator light is identified to be off, the specific position of the faulty photovoltaic panel can be determined in combination with the GPS data.

[0075] 4、Sensor data acquisition and fault location determination. Use the sensor data of the corresponding position to obtain the key parameter data of the photovoltaic panel, determine whether a fault has occurred, and identify different types of photovoltaic panel faults, such as open circuit, short circuit, and component aging.

[0076] The data collected by the sensor is transmitted to the central monitoring system through wired or wireless means for analysis and processing. Using the data collected by the sensor, fault detection and classification are performed. In this embodiment, threshold setting or deep learning technology is used to establish a fault classification model to analyze and process sensor data and identify different types of photovoltaic panel faults, such as open circuit, short circuit, and component aging.

[0077] Threshold setting method or deep learning technology is used to identify the fault type of the current photovoltaic panel based on the data returned by the sensor, which is specifically:

[0078] For some common fault types, such as current overload and voltage anomaly, a threshold can be set in advance, and whether a fault exists can be determined according to whether the sensor data exceeds the threshold. In addition, in actual application, sometimes the sensor data may be missing due to equipment failure or other reasons, at which time interpolation, extrapolation, or other methods can be used to fill in the missing data to ensure the normal operation of the fault detection system.

[0079] For some complex and difficult to judge fault types, such as photovoltaic panel internal connector failure, component aging, etc., deep learning technology can be used to analyze and process sensor data to identify fault types and help determine fault location.

[0080] 5、Alarm and processing. When a fault is found, the system sends an alarm message to the monitoring personnel. According to the classification result of the fault type, the monitoring personnel are guided to carry out corresponding processing and maintenance.

[0081] When the system detects a photovoltaic panel fault, it should automatically trigger an alarm mechanism to send an alarm message to the monitoring personnel so that they can respond in a timely manner.

[0082] In addition, the system should record detailed information of each fault occurrence, including fault type, occurrence time, processing process, etc., for subsequent analysis and summary of experience.

[0083] 6、Photovoltaic panel processing decision. According to the fault category judgment, determine the photovoltaic panel processing type.

[0084] Specifically, for faults that can be repaired, the system can perform maintenance or replace parts. For example, repair the wiring board, replace the circuit elements, etc.

[0085] For photovoltaic panels that cannot be repaired or have high maintenance costs, the system should be recycled. This includes disassembling, decomposing and sorting the photovoltaic panels, recycling the recyclable parts, and environmentally friendly disposal of the non-recyclable parts to reduce environmental pollution.

[0086] As shown in Figure 3 , in this embodiment, after obtaining the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, the disassembly and decomposition module, material classification and recycling module, renewable technology and utilization module, and environmental protection module are used to perform the following operations on the photovoltaic panel to be recycled:

[0087] 1、Disassembly and decomposition module. Disassemble and decompose the scrapped photovoltaic panel, separate different components for subsequent processing and recycling.

[0088] Specifically, it includes disassembling the external components of the photovoltaic panel, i.e. the frame, the border, the connector, etc.; separating the main components inside the photovoltaic panel, including the silicon wafer, the back plate, the wire, etc.

[0089] Specifically, classify and stack the disassembled photovoltaic panel components into recyclable components and non-recyclable waste components. Recyclable components include silicon wafers, aluminum frames, etc., while non-recyclable waste components include plastics, glass, etc.

[0090] It can be understood that the disassembly and decomposition module in the embodiment uses mechanical arms and power tools to disassemble and decompose the photovoltaic panels to be recycled.

[0091] 2. Material separation and recycling technology module. It aims to effectively separate various materials in photovoltaic panels and recycle them. Specifically, physical separation technology and chemical treatment technology are used to classify and process different materials.

[0092] Among them, four innovative recycling schemes are proposed through physical separation technology:

[0093] ① Lattice type slope protection. The recycled aluminum frame is disassembled and installed on the slope of the highway. Concrete is poured to form a lattice type slope protection structure to prevent slope landslide.

[0094] ② Waterproof slope protection cloth. The recycled back plate material is made into waterproof slope protection cloth and laid on the highway slope to enhance the protection performance.

[0095] ③ Glass filler. The recycled glass material is crushed and used as filler in road construction to enhance the stability and durability of the road.

[0096] ④ Monitoring and sensing system. The recycled electronic components are integrated into the monitoring and sensing system of the highway for real-time monitoring and data collection.

[0097] Chemical treatment technology is mainly aimed at silicon wafers, circuit boards and other materials containing valuable metals or silicon.

[0098] Optionally, a common method is acid dissolution. In the acid dissolution process, waste silicon wafers and circuit boards are placed in an acidic solution. The acid in the solution can dissolve valuable components such as metals or silicon, extracting them from the material.

[0099] Optionally, another method is electrochemical method, which applies voltage in appropriate electrolyte to make metal ions deposit or dissolve on the anode or cathode, thereby realizing the separation and recovery of metals.

[0100] It can be understood that the material classification and recycling module uses mechanical crushers, screening equipment, acid dissolution tanks, and electrochemical treatment tanks to perform the above operations.

[0101] 3. Regeneration technology and utilization module. The recycled materials are processed by existing processing methods to reprocess the recycled materials into raw materials or new products. Specifically, three material regeneration and utilization schemes are proposed:

[0102] ① Photovoltaic road surface. The recycled silicon wafers are regenerated and smelted to form new silicon materials, which are used to make photovoltaic road surface bricks and laid on part of the highway or service area to realize solar power generation and road lighting.

[0103] ②Glass reflective signs. Recycled photovoltaic panel glass is processed into reflective signs and signs, installed in key locations on the highway, to improve the safety of night driving.

[0104] ③Road lighting system. Recycled copper wires are smelted and reprocessed into copper materials for the road lighting system of the highway.

[0105] It can be understood that the recycling technology and the utilization module utilize the recycling smelting furnace, the purification treatment device and the rolling mill to perform the above operations.

[0106] 4、Resource protection module. By strictly controlling the discharge and treatment of waste, taking environmental protection measures, the negative impact on the environment is minimized.

[0107] Specifically, for the waste generated in the recycling process, reasonable treatment measures are taken to avoid pollution to the environment. For example, for the waste generated by physical separation of glass, aluminum frame, etc., the recyclable part is sent to the reprocessing plant, and the non-recyclable part is safely treated to avoid pollution to the soil and water source.

[0108] It can be understood that the environmental protection module utilizes the waste gas treatment device, the waste liquid treatment device and the waste residue treatment device to perform the above operations.

[0109] As a more specific implementation manner:

[0110] As shown in Figure 2 , the highway photovoltaic panel fault detection and classification method involved in the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0111] S1: Indicating light and sensor installation, the indicating light and sensor are installed at the corresponding position of the photovoltaic panel for monitoring the running state of the photovoltaic panel;

[0112] S2: Indicating light state detection. Each photovoltaic panel is installed with an indicating light that is bright when powered, and the bright and dark state reflects the power supply condition of the photovoltaic panel system;

[0113] S3: UAV inspection and preliminary identification of fault position. Through UAV inspection, the power supply state of the indicating light is obtained. That is, the indicating light power supply detection is used to preliminarily screen the possible problem photovoltaic panel position information;

[0114] S4: Sensor data acquisition and fault position determination. Utilizing the sensor data of the corresponding position, the key parameter data of the photovoltaic panel is obtained to determine whether a fault occurs and identify different types of photovoltaic panel faults, such as open circuit, short circuit, component aging, etc.

[0115] S5: Alarm and processing. Discover the fault, the system sends alarm information to the monitoring personnel. According to the classification result of the fault type, guide the monitoring personnel to carry out corresponding processing and maintenance.

[0116] S6, photovoltaic panel processing decision. According to the fault category judgment, determine the photovoltaic panel processing type.

[0117] Specifically, in step 1, the following steps are included:

[0118] S1-1: Determine the installation position of the indicator light and the sensor. Before installation, the installation position of the indicator light and the sensor needs to be determined carefully. This involves factors such as the structural characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, the coverage of the sensor, the visibility of the indicator light, and the convenience of maintenance, etc.

[0119] Optionally, a small LED light is installed on the edge or surface of the photovoltaic panel, which is connected to the internal circuit of the photovoltaic panel.

[0120] Optionally, the indicator light is installed on the edge or support of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that it is easily monitored.

[0121] Optionally, the sensor should be installed at key positions of the photovoltaic panel to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic panel and environmental parameters. Consideration can be given to installation at connector, support, circuit board, etc.

[0122] S1-2: Determine the sensor layout type. The sensor should be laid out with temperature sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, etc.; in addition, consider installing light sensors, humidity sensors, etc.

[0123] Specifically, in step 2, the following steps are included:

[0124] S2-1: First, make sure the indicator light is correctly connected to the power output of the photovoltaic panel. Check if the power connection is stable to ensure that the indicator light can normally light up when powered. Perform a preliminary test to confirm that the indicator light lights up when the photovoltaic panel is working normally and goes out when there is no power.

[0125] S2-2: After completion and testing, continuously monitor the on-off state of the indicator light. The on-off state of the indicator light reflects the power supply situation of the photovoltaic panel in real time. When the photovoltaic panel receives sunlight and generates electricity, the indicator light will automatically light up; when the power supply is interrupted or a fault occurs, the indicator light will go out.

[0126] S2-3: Pre-mark the unique identification and position coordinates of each column of photovoltaic panels and indicator lights by painting, labeling or other marking methods. These marks will be used for positioning and identification in subsequent unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and fault detection processes.

[0127] Specifically, in step 3, the following steps are included:

[0128] S3-1: According to the layout of the highway photovoltaic panel and the detection needs of the management personnel, the flight route and detection frequency are formulated, and the best inspection period is selected.

[0129] Among them, the unmanned aerial vehicle should be equipped with high-resolution cameras and GPS and automatic navigation systems to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to the predetermined route and ensures that it can cover all photovoltaic panel areas.

[0130] Optionally, the management personnel can select the time period with sufficient light to ensure that the state data of the photovoltaic panel is periodically obtained and the image quality taken by the unmanned aerial vehicle is high.

[0131] S3-2: The image data is transmitted to the ground control center through a wireless network for subsequent processing.

[0132] S3-3: Through image preprocessing technology, the image brightness and contrast are adjusted, the image noise is removed, and the region of interest containing the photovoltaic panel and the indicator light is cropped.

[0133] Among them, the noise removal can use Gaussian filtering, and the formula is:

[0134]

[0135] In the formula, I out (x,y) is the value of the filtered image at coordinates (x,y), I in (x+i,y+j) is the value of the original image at coordinates (x+i,y+j), G(i,j) is the Gaussian function, defined as σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian kernel, which controls the smoothing degree.

[0136] Among them, the region of interest refers to a specific image area that needs to be focused on and processed. In the embodiment of the photovoltaic panel fault detection and classification method, the region of interest mainly includes the photovoltaic panel itself and the indicator light area.

[0137] S3-4: Through color and brightness feature extraction, the RGB value or grayscale value of the indicator light area is extracted. Through binary processing, the grayscale image is binary processed to distinguish between light-on and light-off. According to the preset brightness threshold, the indicator light on-off state is judged.

[0138] Among them, the RGB value or grayscale value of the indicator light area is extracted, and the formula is:

[0139] I gray = 0.2989 * R + 0.5870 * G + 0.1140 * B

[0140] In the formula, RGB is the red, green and blue color channels of the image.

[0141] The formula for binary processing is:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, I binary (x, y) is the value of the binary image at coordinates (x, y), 1 represents a light, and 0 represents an off light. T is a preset brightness threshold.

[0144] S3-5: The UAV records the shooting position of each image to ensure that the image corresponds to the position of the photovoltaic panel. The position where the indicator light is off is identified, and the specific position of the faulty photovoltaic panel is determined in combination with GPS data.

[0145] Specifically, in step 4, the following steps are included:

[0146] S4-1: The collected data is transmitted to the central monitoring system for analysis and processing through wired or wireless means. The data collected by the sensor can be visualized on the data interface.

[0147] S4-2: Threshold setting or deep learning technology is used to establish a fault classification model to analyze and process sensor data and identify different types of photovoltaic panel faults, such as open circuit, short circuit, component aging, etc.

[0148] For some common fault types, such as current overload and voltage abnormalities, threshold values can be set in advance, and whether there is a fault can be determined based on whether the sensor data exceeds the threshold.

[0149] In addition, in actual applications, sometimes sensor data may be missing due to equipment failure or other reasons, and interpolation, extrapolation, or other methods can be used to fill in the missing data to ensure the normal operation of the fault detection system.

[0150] For some complex and difficult to determine fault types, such as photovoltaic panel internal connector failure and component aging, deep learning technology can be used to analyze and process sensor data to identify fault types and help determine fault locations.

[0151] An abnormal data judgment method and corresponding disease type are shown in Table 1.

[0152] Table 1 shows different data abnormality judgment methods and photovoltaic panel diseases

[0153]

[0154] Optionally, the recommended threshold values can be set according to different sensor types and specific application scenarios, and Table 2 provides a recommended threshold value range.

[0155] Table 2 shows the recommended threshold value setting range

[0156]

[0157]

[0158] Optionally, for data missing, data interpolation can be used to fill in, and the missing data completion process is expressed by the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] where, L n (x) represents the Lagrange interpolation function, x0,x1,…x n represent the n time series data interpolation nodes of the selected index, y k represents the index value at the kth interpolation node, l k (x) represents the interpolation basis function of the kth node.

[0161] Optionally, for multi-parameter anomalies, a neural network model can be selected for comprehensive judgment.

[0162] Including:

[0163] ①Standardize the data from different sensors to eliminate dimensional differences.

[0164] ②Extract time series features such as mean, standard deviation, maximum, minimum, etc., and analyze the trend of parameter changes.

[0165] ③According to historical data, assign a fault type label (such as open circuit, short circuit, component aging, etc.) to each data sample.

[0166] ④Divide the data set into training set and test set, usually according to the ratio of 4:1.

[0167] ⑤Select an appropriate neural network model, such as convolutional neural network (CNN) or long short-term memory network (LSTM), according to the data characteristics and task requirements, construct the structure of the neural network model, define the input layer, hidden layer and output layer.

[0168] ⑥Use the training set data to train the model, adjust the learning rate, batch size and other hyperparameters through cross-validation and other methods to improve the performance of the model.

[0169] ⑦Input the real-time collected sensor data into the trained neural network model, and the model outputs the fault type prediction result to determine the specific fault type of the photovoltaic panel.

[0170] Specifically, in step 5, the following steps are included:

[0171] S5-1: After determining that a photovoltaic panel is abnormal, the system automatically triggers an alarm mechanism and sends fault information to the monitoring personnel's device (mobile phone, computer, etc.). The information content includes fault type, fault location, detection time, preliminary fault analysis results, etc.

[0172] S5-2: System records, such as fault type, occurrence time, sensor data, preliminary analysis results, etc. It also provides handling suggestions based on the fault type, such as specific handling methods for open circuit, short circuit, and overtemperature, to guide on-site personnel.

[0173] S5-3: Processing Feedback. After completing the process, the monitoring personnel will record the troubleshooting process and results. The results will be updated in the system to form a closed-loop management system.

[0174] Specifically, step 6 includes the following steps:

[0175] S6-1: For faults that can be repaired, the system can perform repairs or replace parts, for example, repairing a wiring board or replacing circuit components.

[0176] S6-2: For faulty photovoltaic panels that cannot be repaired or are too costly to repair, the system should recycle them. This includes disassembling, decomposing, and sorting the panels, recycling the recyclable parts and disposing of the non-recyclable parts in an environmentally friendly manner to reduce environmental pollution.

[0177] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment recycles and processes the recycled photovoltaic panels, specifically using a recycling and processing system to process the recycled photovoltaic panels. The recycling and processing system includes a disassembly and decomposition module, a material separation and recycling technology module, a regeneration technology and resource utilization module, and a resource protection and recycling module. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0178] S1: Dismantling and decomposing modules. Dismantle and decompose the scrapped photovoltaic panels, separating the different components for subsequent processing and recycling.

[0179] S2: Material separation and recycling technology module. It aims to effectively separate various materials from photovoltaic panels and recycle them.

[0180] S3: Recycling technology and resource utilization module. Through advanced technical means, various recycled materials are processed and reprocessed into raw materials or new products.

[0181] S4: Resource Conservation and Recycling Module: By strictly controlling the discharge and treatment of waste and taking environmental protection measures, we can minimize the negative impact on the environment.

[0182] Specifically, in S1: disassembly and decomposition module, the following steps are included:

[0183] S1-1: Remove the external components of the photovoltaic panel, mainly including frame removal, frame removal, connector removal, etc.

[0184] S1-2: Decompose the main components inside the photovoltaic panel, mainly including silicon wafer separation, backboard disassembly, wire classification, etc.

[0185] S1-3: Classify and stack the disassembled photovoltaic panel components into recyclable components and non-recyclable waste components.

[0186] Among them, the recyclable components include silicon wafers, aluminum frames, copper wires, etc. These components will be sent to the material separation and recycling technology module for further processing.

[0187] Among them, the non-recyclable components include severely damaged plastics and glass, which will be marked as waste and wait for safe disposal.

[0188] Specifically, in S2: material separation and recycling technology module, physical separation technology and chemical treatment technology are used to classify and process different materials, including the following steps:

[0189] S2-1: Physical separation technology separates different materials by mechanical means.

[0190] Optionally, materials such as glass and aluminum frames are recycled and used for road material reuse, such as components for other facilities.

[0191] Optionally, materials such as glass and aluminum frames are sent to mechanical crushing equipment and crushed by high-speed rotating blades or hammers. The crushed materials are separated by screening equipment according to size and density. Glass and aluminum frames will be collected separately.

[0192] S2-2: Use chemical treatment technology to extract valuable metals or silicon materials.

[0193] Optionally, a common method is acid dissolution. In the acid dissolution process, waste silicon wafers and circuit boards are placed in an acidic solution to dissolve valuable metals or silicon. The acid dissolution process needs to be carried out in a safe environment, and the waste liquid needs to be properly treated.

[0194] Optionally, another method is electrochemical method, which places materials containing valuable metals in electrolyte, applies voltage, and makes metal ions deposit or dissolve on the anode or cathode, so as to realize metal separation and recovery.

[0195] Specifically, in S3: regeneration technology and resource utilization module, the following steps are included:

[0196] S3-1: Silicon wafer regeneration. Recycled silicon wafer material is smelted, and the silicon wafer is remelted into new silicon material through high-temperature heating.

[0197] Optionally, these silicon materials can be used to produce new photovoltaic modules or other electronic products.

[0198] Optionally, purification treatment is performed to further purify the regenerated silicon through chemical methods to ensure that it meets production standards.

[0199] S3-2: Aluminum frame regeneration. Recycled aluminum frame material is smelted, and the molten aluminum can be cast into aluminum plates or aluminum profiles for the production of new supports or structural materials.

[0200] Optionally, the smelted aluminum material is processed into the desired shape and size through a rolling process and applied to various industrial products.

[0201] S3-3: Copper wire regeneration. Recycled copper wire is smelted and reprocessed into copper material for the production of products such as wires and cables.

[0202] S3-4: Glass regeneration. Recycled glass is crushed and smelted to be reprocessed into glass products or building materials.

[0203] Specifically, in the S4: Resource Protection and Recycling Module, the following steps are included:

[0204] S4-1: Install waste residue treatment device to classify and process waste generated during the recycling process. Recyclable parts are sent to reprocessing plants, and non-recyclable parts are safely disposed of.

[0205] S4-2: Install waste liquid treatment device to harmlessly treat waste liquid generated during chemical treatment, ensuring no environmental pollution.

[0206] S4-3: Install waste gas treatment device during the regeneration smelting process to ensure that harmful substances in waste gas are effectively treated. Waste residue generated during the regeneration process is safely landfilled or treated using other environmental protection technologies.

[0207] S4-4: Recycled and regenerated materials are re-injected into production to reduce dependence on raw materials and achieve resource recycling. By strictly controlling waste emissions and taking environmental protection measures, the negative impact on the environment is minimized.

[0208] The seven innovative recycling treatment schemes for highway photovoltaic panels provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0209] S1: Lattice retaining wall.

[0210] The recycled aluminum frames are disassembled, cut or reassembled, installed on the side slope of the highway, and poured with concrete to form a lattice type slope protection structure for preventing slope landslide.

[0211] S2: Waterproof slope protection cloth.

[0212] The recycled backboard material is washed, cut and recycled, and the waterproof performance is tested. The treated backboard material is processed into a waterproof slope protection cloth suitable for laying, which is laid on the side slope of the highway to enhance the protection performance.

[0213] S3: Glass filler.

[0214] The recycled glass material is crushed to form glass particles or powder; the glass particles are mixed with asphalt or concrete as a filler in road construction to enhance the stability and durability of the road.

[0215] S4: Monitoring and sensing system.

[0216] The recycled electronic components are washed and tested, and the damaged parts are removed and the usable parts are retained; the treated electronic components are integrated into the monitoring and sensing system of the highway for real-time monitoring and data collection.

[0217] S5: Photovoltaic road surface.

[0218] The recycled silicon wafer is regenerated and smelted to become new silicon material; the treated silicon wafer is embedded in polymer or resin material to make pressure-resistant and anti-skid photovoltaic road bricks, which are laid in part of the highway or service area to realize solar power generation and road lighting.

[0219] S6: Glass reflective sign.

[0220] The recycled glass is washed, cut and recycled, and strengthened to enhance its durability and reflective performance; the treated glass is combined with a reflective coating to make reflective signs of various shapes and sizes, which are installed at key locations on the highway to improve night driving safety.

[0221] S7: Road lighting system.

[0222] The recycled wire material is washed and tested, and the damaged parts are removed and the usable parts are retained; the recycled wire material is remelted and processed for the road lighting system cable of the highway.

[0223] The embodiment realizes timely monitoring and classified identification of photovoltaic panel faults by combining sensor inspection and unmanned aerial vehicle inspection. This method has the functions of rapid response, comprehensive monitoring and accurate identification of fault positions; through the combination of the disassembly and decomposition module, the material separation and recycling technology module, the regeneration technology and utilization module and the resource protection module, seven innovative recycling schemes of materials are proposed, which not only improve the resource recycling efficiency and material utilization value, but also significantly reduce environmental pollution and promote the recycling of resources.

[0224] Embodiment two

[0225] The embodiment discloses a highway photovoltaic panel recycling system.

[0226] The highway photovoltaic panel recycling system comprises:

[0227] The fault judgment module is configured to judge whether a current photovoltaic panel has a fault and a fault type;

[0228] The recycling judgment module is configured to evaluate whether a current fault photovoltaic panel can be repaired and a repair cost based on the fault type of the fault photovoltaic panel, and regard the current fault photovoltaic panel as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled when the current fault photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high.

[0229] The disassembly module is configured to disassemble and classify components of the photovoltaic panel to be recycled, and separate recyclable components therefrom.

[0230] The frame and backboard material recycling and utilization module is configured to recycle and utilize frame and backboard materials in the recyclable components by using a physical method.

[0231] The frame in the recyclable components is installed on a side slope of a highway, and concrete is poured between and in the frames to form a lattice type slope protection structure.

[0232] A waterproof slope protection cloth is made based on the backboard material in the recyclable components, and the waterproof slope protection cloth is laid on the highway side slope.

[0233] Embodiment three

[0234] The embodiment aims to provide a computer readable storage medium.

[0235] The computer readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the steps in the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to the embodiment 1 of the disclosure.

[0236] Embodiment four

[0237] The embodiment aims to provide an electronic device.

[0238] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps in the method for recycling highway photovoltaic panels according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure when executing the program.

[0239] The steps involved in the devices of Embodiments 2, 3, and 4 above correspond to Embodiment 1 of the method, and the specific implementation can be seen from the relevant description of Embodiment 1. The term “computer-readable storage medium” should be understood to include a single medium or multiple media that store one or more sets of instructions; it should also be understood to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor and that causes the processor to perform any one of the methods of the present disclosure.

[0240] Those skilled in the art should understand that each module or step of the present disclosure described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computer device, and alternatively, they can be implemented by program codes executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps among them can be made into a single integrated circuit module. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0241] Although the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described above in combination with the accompanying drawings, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present disclosure without creative labor are still within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for recycling highway photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine whether the current photovoltaic panel has a fault and the type of fault; Based on the fault type of the faulty photovoltaic panel, the system evaluates whether the faulty photovoltaic panel can be repaired and the repair cost. If the faulty photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high, the faulty photovoltaic panel will be recycled. Dismantle and sort the photovoltaic panels to be recycled to separate the recyclable components; Recycling of frame and backsheet materials from recyclable components using physical methods: The frames made of recyclable components are installed on the slope of the highway, and concrete is poured between and within the frames to form a lattice slope protection structure; Using the backing material from the recycled components to make waterproof slope protection cloth, the waterproof slope protection cloth is laid on the road slope; It also includes the physical recycling of glass materials and electronic components from recyclable parts: Crushing glass from recyclable components and using the crushed glass as filler in road construction; integrating electronics from recycled components into highway monitoring and sensing systems; It also includes the use of material recycling methods to recycle silicon wafers, glass materials and copper wires in recyclable components: The silicon wafers in the recyclable components are recycled and melted, and reprocessed into new silicon materials to make photovoltaic paving bricks, which are laid on sections of highways or service areas; Recyclable glass materials are processed into reflective signs and plaques to be installed at strategic locations on highways; The copper wires from the recycled components are melted and reprocessed into copper materials for use in highway lighting systems; The drone inspection method is used to make a preliminary judgment on whether the current photovoltaic panel has a fault, including: Control the drone to fly along the set route, ensuring that the drone's flight path covers all photovoltaic panels in the target area, and use the drone to collect image data of each photovoltaic panel in the target area; The image data collected by the drone is transmitted to the ground control center via a wireless network for subsequent processing, including: Through image preprocessing technology, the image brightness and contrast are adjusted, image noise is removed, and the region of interest including the photovoltaic panel and indicator light is cropped; By extracting color and brightness features, the RGB value or grayscale value of the indicator light area is extracted; by binarization processing, the grayscale image is binarized to distinguish between on and off lights; based on the preset brightness threshold, the on and off status of the indicator light is determined; Use the infrared thermal imager on the drone to determine whether there are equipment open circuit and short circuit faults; Identify the on / off status of the indicator lights in the photovoltaic panel image data: When the indicator light is on and the infrared thermal imager determines that there is no open circuit or short circuit, it is preliminarily determined that the photovoltaic panel is not faulty. When the indicator light is off, or the infrared thermal imager determines that there is a circuit breakage and / or short circuit, it is preliminarily determined that the photovoltaic panel is faulty. The sensor data processing method is used to re-judge whether the current photovoltaic panel has a fault and determine the fault type, including: Acquire data sent back by sensors pre-installed at appropriate locations on the photovoltaic panels, including current sensors, voltage sensors, temperature sensors, light sensors, and humidity sensors; Using threshold setting methods or deep learning technology, the fault type of the current photovoltaic panel can be identified based on the data sent back by the sensor.

2. The highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes chemical processing to recycle silicon wafers and circuit boards from recyclable components: Using acid dissolution method, silicon wafers and circuit boards are placed in acidic solution to extract metal or silicon from them; Alternatively, an electrochemical method is used to place silicon wafers and circuit boards in an electrolyte, apply voltage to the electrolyte, and cause metal ions to deposit or dissolve on the anode or cathode, thereby achieving metal separation and recovery.

3. The highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panels to be recycled are disassembled and their components are sorted to separate the recyclable components, including: Disassemble the external components of photovoltaic panels, including frames, borders, and connectors; and separate the main components inside photovoltaic panels, including silicon wafers, backsheets, and wires; The disassembled photovoltaic panel components are sorted and stacked into recyclable parts and waste parts. The recyclable parts include frames, backplane materials, glass, electronic components, wires, circuit boards and silicon wafers.

4. A highway photovoltaic panel recycling system for implementing the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The fault judgment module is configured to: judge whether a fault occurs in the current photovoltaic panel and the type of fault; The recycling judgment module is configured to: evaluate whether the faulty photovoltaic panel can be repaired and the repair cost based on the fault type of the faulty photovoltaic panel; if the faulty photovoltaic panel cannot be repaired or the repair cost is too high, the faulty photovoltaic panel will be treated as a photovoltaic panel to be recycled; The disassembly module is configured to: disassemble and sort the photovoltaic panels to be recycled, and separate the recyclable components therein; The frame and backboard material recycling module is configured to: recycle the frame and backboard materials in the recyclable components by physical methods: The frames made of recyclable components are installed on the slope of the highway, and concrete is poured between and within the frames to form a lattice slope protection structure; Waterproof slope protection cloth is made based on the backboard material in the recyclable components and laid on the road slope.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the steps in the highway photovoltaic panel recycling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

Images