An automated assembly system for kingpin components of steering axles in new energy forklifts

Abstract

This invention provides an automated assembly system for kingpin components of steering axles in new energy forklifts. The system includes a workbench with a loading / unloading detection position, an O-ring mounting position, a hole recognition position, a pre-pressed pin position, a pressed pin position, and a unloading position arranged sequentially from left to right on a straight line. An O-ring vibratory feeder and an O-ring gripping robot are installed on the rear side of the workbench corresponding to the O-ring mounting position. The O-ring gripping robot grips a single O-ring and inserts it onto the kingpin. A hole recognition mechanism is installed on the workbench corresponding to the hole recognition position to locate the pin hole on the kingpin. A pin feeding pusher is also installed on the rear side of the workbench. This system is used for the automatic assembly of kingpins, O-rings, and grooved pins. It uses advanced automated equipment to replace manual labor, freeing workers from simple repetitive tasks, achieving intelligent and labor-saving pressing, improving kingpin pressing efficiency, and ensuring product quality stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy forklift assembly technology, and in particular to an automated assembly system for the kingpin parts of the steering axle of new energy forklifts. Background Technology

[0002] Forklifts are widely used as material handling equipment. With the increasing sophistication of the material handling industry, there is a growing demand for new forklifts with diverse performance and high customization requirements, leading to the emergence of over 100 forklift manufacturers in China. To ensure stable product quality and improve the assembly efficiency and yield rate of forklift steering axles, it is particularly important to ensure high-efficiency and high-quality assembly of the kingpin, grooved pin, and O-rings in small-tonnage steering axles. These are crucial moving components in the steering axle, and their efficient and high-quality assembly is of great significance to the development of the forklift industry.

[0003] The assembly of kingpins, grooved pins, and O-rings on existing forklift steering axles is done manually by multiple workers. This process is outdated, inefficient, and makes it difficult to guarantee consistent product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an automated assembly system for kingpin components of steering axles in new energy forklifts. This system is used for the automatic assembly of kingpins, O-rings, and grooved pins. It uses advanced automated equipment to replace manual labor, freeing workers from simple repetitive tasks, achieving intelligent and labor-saving pressing, improving kingpin pressing efficiency, and ensuring product quality stability.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An automated assembly system for kingpin parts of steering axles in new energy forklifts includes a workbench. From left to right, the workbench is arranged in a straight line with a loading / unloading detection position, an O-ring mounting position, a hole recognition position, a pre-compression pin position, a compression pin position, and a unloading position. An O-ring vibratory feeder and an O-ring gripping robot are installed on the rear side of the workbench corresponding to the O-ring mounting position. The O-ring gripping robot grips a single O-ring and places it onto the kingpin. A hole recognition mechanism is installed on the workbench corresponding to the hole recognition position to locate the pin hole on the kingpin. A pin loading pusher is also installed on the rear side of the workbench, and a pre-compression pin is installed between the pin loading pusher and the pre-compression pin position. The mechanism includes a pressing mechanism installed above the pressing pin position, an inspection camera and a feeding mechanism installed on the right side of the worktable corresponding to the unloading position, a conveyor belt installed on the front side of the worktable, the feeding mechanism for placing qualified products on the conveyor belt, a robot unloading position installed at the unloading end of the conveyor belt, a magnetic manipulator installed at the robot unloading position, the magnetic manipulator for gripping the master pin and placing it at the loading reverse detection position, and for unloading finished master pins from the conveyor belt, a material transfer mechanism installed below the loading reverse detection position, the O-ring installation position, the hole recognition position, the pre-pressing pin position, the pressing pin position and the unloading position, the material transfer mechanism for transferring the master pin to the next working position.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting seat, a first support seat, and a mounting seat are fixedly installed at the feeding reverse detection position. An L-shaped limiting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting seat. A pair of first limiting wheels are installed on the top of the first support seat. A magnetic switch cylinder is installed on the mounting seat. A detection block is installed on the telescopic end of the magnetic switch cylinder. The end of the detection block is provided with a detection port for the insertion of the threaded end of the master pin. An induction optical fiber is also installed on the first support seat for sensing whether there is material or not.

[0008] Preferably, a transfer platform is fixedly installed on the worktable below the O-ring gripper. A transfer cylinder is installed on the transfer platform, and a push ring plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the transfer cylinder. The end of the push ring plate is adapted to the discharge end of the O-ring vibratory feeder. A support ring cylinder is installed at the bottom of the transfer end of the transfer platform. Multiple support ring sliders connected to the support ring cylinders are arranged circumferentially on the platform surface of the transfer end. The multiple support ring sliders move radially synchronously. A photoelectric switch is installed above the transfer end.

[0009] Preferably, the O-ring gripper includes a top plate fixedly installed on a workbench, a lifting cylinder installed on the top plate, a lifting seat fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder, an upper ring cylinder fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting seat, a rotary cylinder fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the upper ring cylinder, a feeding gripper installed at the rotary end of the rotary cylinder, and a retractable push ring sleeve sleeved around the feeding gripper. The positions of the feeding gripper and the push ring sleeve correspond to the O-ring position and the material transfer end.

[0010] Preferably, the hole recognition mechanism includes a pair of positioning seats fixed at the hole recognition position, one of the positioning seats has a positioning head installed on its top, and the other positioning seat has a first positioning cylinder corresponding to the positioning head installed on its top. A pair of second support seats are also installed at the hole recognition position between the pair of positioning seats. A pair of second limit wheels are installed on the top of the second support seats. An infrared switch is installed below the pin hole at the hole recognition position, and a rolling assembly for driving the master pin to roll is installed above the hole recognition position.

[0011] Preferably, the rolling assembly includes a mounting bracket fixedly installed at the hole position, a pressing cylinder is mounted on the mounting bracket, a pressing plate is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the pressing cylinder, a motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the pressing plate, and a rubber wheel is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor.

[0012] Preferably, the pre-compression pin mechanism includes a fixed base fixed on the pre-compression pin position, a vertical downward cylinder mounted on the fixed base, a downward plate fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the downward cylinder, a vertical pre-compression cylinder and a horizontally arranged guide groove mounted on the side wall of the downward plate, a guide cover fixedly mounted at the opening of the guide groove, a guide pipe extending upward to the discharge end of the pin feeding pusher fixedly connected to the top of the guide cover, a displacement cylinder for pushing the pin along the guide groove to the pre-compression position mounted at one end of the guide groove, a pre-compression hole for the telescopic end of the pre-compression cylinder to pass through the top of the guide cover corresponding to the pre-compression position, a discharge hole for the pin to pass through the bottom of the guide groove corresponding to the pre-compression position, a pad and a support block fixedly mounted below the guide groove on the pre-compression pin position, a limiting groove for placing the main pin on the top of the pad and the support block, and a fixed hole cylinder mounted on the bottom of the pad.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure-forming mechanism includes a stand fixedly installed on the pressure-forming pin position, a gas-liquid booster cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the stand, a pressure head fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the gas-liquid booster cylinder, a positioning fixture fixedly installed on the bottom of the stand, and a positioning detection switch installed on the positioning fixture.

[0014] Preferably, the unloading mechanism includes a transverse cylinder fixedly installed at the unloading position, an unloading cylinder fixedly installed on the moving part of the transverse cylinder, a combined cylinder fixedly installed on the moving part of the unloading cylinder, an unloading gripper installed on the combined cylinder, and a pair of clamping cylinders installed at the unloading end of the conveyor belt.

[0015] Preferably, the material transfer mechanism includes a material transfer slide fixedly installed on the workbench, a material clamping slide fixedly installed on the sliding component of the material transfer slide, a material transfer arm fixedly connected to the top of the sliding component of the material clamping slide, and a plurality of gripper cylinders fixedly installed on the top of the material transfer arm. The plurality of gripper cylinders correspond to the loading reverse detection position, the O-ring installation position, the hole recognition position, the pre-pressing pin position, and the pressing pin position, respectively.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] By using intelligent robots and non-standard equipment to form intelligent and automated assembly units, the assembly of kingpins, grooved pins, and O-rings of steering axles can be made intelligent, automated, and with fewer people, thereby improving the efficiency of kingpin pressing and ensuring product quality stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding reverse detection position structure proposed in this invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the O-ring mounting structure proposed in this invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the O-ring gripping robot structure proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hole recognition mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling component structure proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the preload pin mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-forming mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism structure proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a top view of the transmission belt proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the material transfer mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Feeding detection position, 2. O-ring mounting position, 3. Hole recognition position, 4. Pre-compression pin position, 5. Compacting pin position, 6. Unloading position, 7. Conveyor belt, 8. O-ring vibratory feeder, 9. O-ring gripping robot, 10. Hole recognition mechanism, 11. Feeding pusher, 12. Pre-compression pin mechanism, 13. Compacting mechanism, 14. Detection camera, 15. Unloading mechanism, 16. Robot unloading position, 17. Detection block, 18. Magnetic switch cylinder, 19. First limit wheel, 20. Induction fiber optic, 21. Limit seat, 22. Photoelectric switch, 23. Push ring plate, 24. Transfer cylinder, 25. Transfer table, 26. Supporting ring slider, 27. Top plate, 28. Lifting cylinder, 29. Upper ring cylinder, 30. Lifting seat, 31. Rotary cylinder, 32. Push ring sleeve, 33. Feeding gripper, 34. First positioning cylinder, 35. Positioning... 36 Infrared switch, 37 Mounting bracket, 38 Pressing cylinder, 39 Pressing plate, 40 Rubber wheel, 41 Guide tube, 42 Downward cylinder, 43 Fixed seat, 44 Guide trough, 45 Displacement cylinder, 46 Pre-pressing cylinder, 47 Guide cover, 48 Pad block, 49 Support block, 50 Stand, 51 Positioning fixture, 52 Pressing head, 53 Horizontal movement cylinder, 54 Unloading cylinder, 55 Combination cylinder, 56 Unloading gripper, 57 Clamping cylinder, 58 Transfer slide, 59 Clamping slide, 60 Transfer arm, 61 Gripper cylinder, 62 Pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder, 63 Support ring cylinder, 64 Second limit wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-11An automated assembly system for kingpin parts of steering axles in new energy forklifts includes a workbench. On the workbench, arranged sequentially from left to right in a straight line, are a loading / unloading detection position 1, an O-ring mounting position 2, a hole recognition position 3, a pre-compression pin position 4, a compression pin position 5, and an unloading position 6. A limit seat 21, a first support seat, and a mounting seat are fixedly installed at the loading / unloading detection position 1. An L-shaped limit plate is fixedly installed on the top of the limit seat 21. A pair of first limit wheels 19 are installed on the top of the first support seat. A magnetic... The magnetic switch cylinder 18 has a detection block 17 installed at its telescopic end. The end of the detection block 17 is provided with a detection port for the threaded end of the main pin to be inserted. The first support is also equipped with an optical fiber 20, which is limited by an L-shaped limit plate and a pair of first limit wheels 19. When the optical fiber 20 senses the presence of material, it controls the magnetic switch cylinder 18 to start and push the detection block 17 to move. When the threaded end of the main pin can be inserted into the detection port, the detection is positive. If it cannot be inserted, the detection is negative. The direction is changed by a magnetic manipulator.

[0033] On the rear side of the workbench, corresponding to position 2 where O-rings are mounted, are an O-ring vibratory feeder 8 and an O-ring gripping robot 9. The O-ring gripping robot 9 is used to grip a single O-ring and fit it onto the kingpin. Below the O-ring gripping robot 9, a transfer platform 25 is fixedly mounted on the workbench. A transfer cylinder 24 is mounted on the transfer platform 25. A pusher plate 23 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the transfer cylinder 24. The end of the pusher plate 23 is adapted to the discharge end of the O-ring vibratory feeder 8. The transfer end of the transfer platform 25... A ring-supporting cylinder 63 is installed at the bottom. Multiple ring-supporting sliders 26 connected to the ring-supporting cylinder 63 are arranged circumferentially on the platform of the transfer end. The multiple ring-supporting sliders 26 move radially synchronously. A photoelectric switch 22 is installed above the transfer end. The O-rings are fed by the O-ring vibrating plate 8. The O-rings are continuously conveyed to the discharge end. At this time, the transfer cylinder 24 is activated to drive the ring-pushing plate 23 to move and push the O-rings to the transfer end. The ring-supporting cylinder 63 is activated to drive the multiple ring-supporting sliders 26 to open synchronously and open the O-rings.

[0034] Furthermore, the O-ring gripper 9 includes a top plate 27 fixedly mounted on a workbench. A lifting cylinder 28 is mounted on the top plate 27. A lifting seat 30 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 28. An upper ring cylinder 29 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting seat 30. A rotary cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the upper ring cylinder 29. A feeding gripper 33 is mounted on the rotary end of the rotary cylinder 31. A retractable push ring sleeve 32 is sleeved around the feeding gripper 33. The positions of 33 and the push ring sleeve 32 correspond to the O-ring position 2 and the material transfer end. The rotary cylinder 31 rotates the feeding jaw 33 to the bottom. The lifting cylinder 28 and the lifting seat 30 drive the feeding jaw 33 to move down, supporting and grabbing the O-ring. Then, it rotates to the corresponding main pin position. The upper ring cylinder 29 is started to place the O-ring on the main pin. The push ring sleeve 32 extends and retracts, which pushes the O-ring from the feeding jaw 33 to the corresponding position of the main pin, completing the automatic O-ring assembly.

[0035] A hole-recognition mechanism 10 is installed on the workbench corresponding to hole-recognition position 3. The hole-recognition mechanism 10 is used to locate the pin hole on the master pin. The hole-recognition mechanism 10 includes a pair of positioning seats fixed to hole-recognition position 3. A positioning head 35 is installed on the top of one positioning seat, and a first positioning cylinder 34 corresponding to the positioning head 35 is installed on the other positioning seat. A pair of second support seats are also installed between the pair of positioning seats at hole-recognition position 3. A pair of second limit wheels 64 are installed on the top of the second support seats. An infrared switch 36 is installed below the pin hole corresponding to hole-recognition position 3. A rolling assembly for driving the master pin to roll is also installed above hole-recognition position 3. The rolling assembly includes a fixed... A mounting bracket 37 is installed at the identification hole position 3. A pressing cylinder 38 is mounted on the mounting bracket 37. A pressing plate 39 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the pressing cylinder 38. A motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the pressing plate 39. A rubber wheel 40 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor. When the machine is moved to the identification hole position 3, it is supported by two pairs of second limit wheels 64. The first positioning cylinder 34 is activated to cooperate with the positioning head 35 to position the main pin. Then, the pressing cylinder 38 is activated to drive the pressing plate 39 to move down, so that the rubber wheel 40 abuts against the main pin. The motor is then activated to drive the main pin to rotate. The position of the pin hole is determined by the infrared switch 36. When the position of the pin hole is vertical, the rubber wheel 40 stops rotating.

[0036] A pin feeding pusher 11 is also installed on the rear side of the workbench. A pre-compression pin mechanism 12 is installed between the pin feeding pusher 11 and the pre-compression pin position 4. The pre-compression pin mechanism 12 includes a fixed seat 43 fixed on the pre-compression pin position 4. A vertical downward cylinder 42 is installed on the fixed seat 43. A downward plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the downward cylinder 42. A vertical pre-compression cylinder 46 and a horizontally arranged guide trough 44 are installed on the side wall of the downward plate. A guide cover 47 is fixedly installed at the opening of the guide trough 44. The top of the guide cover 47 is fixedly connected to a guide extending upward to the discharge end of the pin feeding pusher 11. The material pipe 41 and the guide trough 44 are equipped with a displacement cylinder 45 at one end to push the pin along the guide trough 44 to the pre-pressing position. The guide cover 47 is provided with a pre-pressing hole at the top corresponding to the pre-pressing position for the extension end of the pre-pressing cylinder 46 to pass through. The guide trough 44 is provided with a discharge hole at the bottom corresponding to the pre-pressing position for the pin to pass through. A pad block 48 and a support block 49 are also fixedly installed on the pre-pressing pin position 4 below the guide trough 44. The top of the pad block 48 and the support block 49 are provided with a limiting groove for placing the main pin. A hole-fixing cylinder is installed at the bottom of the pad block 48 and is supported by the support block 49 and the pad block 48. The hole-fixing cylinder is activated and inserted into the pin hole for limiting.

[0037] A pressing mechanism 13 is installed above the pressing pin position 5. The pressing mechanism 13 includes a stand 50 fixedly installed on the pressing pin position 5. A pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder 62 is fixedly installed on the top of the stand 50. A pressure head 52 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder 62. A positioning fixture 51 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the stand 50. A position detection switch is installed on the positioning fixture 51. By supporting and limiting the position through the positioning fixture 51, the pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder 62 is activated to drive the pressure head 52 to move down, so that the pin can be completely pressed into the pin hole, and the pin assembly is completed.

[0038] A detection camera 14 and a feeding mechanism 15 are installed on the right side of the workbench corresponding to the unloading position 6. A conveyor belt 7 is installed on the front side of the workbench. The feeding mechanism 15 is used to place qualified products on the conveyor belt 7. The feeding mechanism 15 includes a transverse cylinder 53 fixedly installed on the unloading position 6. A feeding cylinder 54 is fixedly installed on the moving part of the transverse cylinder 53. A combination cylinder 55 is fixedly installed on the moving part of the feeding cylinder 54. A feeding gripper 56 is installed on the combination cylinder 55. A pair of clamping cylinders 57 are also installed at the unloading end of the conveyor belt 7. The detection camera 14 identifies the presence or absence of O-rings and pins and feeds feedback to the feeding mechanism 15. The master pin is transferred to the waste bin or the conveyor belt 7 through the transverse cylinder 53, the feeding cylinder 54, the combination cylinder 55 and the feeding gripper 56.

[0039] The unloading end of the conveyor belt 7 is equipped with a robot unloading position 16, and a magnetic manipulator is installed at the robot unloading position 16. The magnetic manipulator is used to grab the main pin and place it at the loading reverse detection position 1, and to unload the finished main pin on the conveyor belt 7.

[0040] A material transfer mechanism is installed below the loading and unloading positions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The material transfer mechanism is used to transfer the master pin to the next working position. The material transfer mechanism includes a material transfer slide 58 fixedly installed on the worktable. A clamping slide 59 is fixedly installed on the sliding part of the material transfer slide 58. A material transfer arm 60 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding part of the clamping slide 59. Multiple gripper cylinders 61 are fixedly installed on the top of the material transfer arm 60. The multiple gripper cylinders 61 correspond to the loading and unloading positions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively.

[0041] Initially, manually insert the kingpin in the positive direction (e.g., Figure 2 Push the detection block 17 forward, insert the threaded end of the main pin into the detection port, and the magnetic switch cylinder 18 will light up; place the main pin in the opposite direction, push the detection block 17 forward, and the magnetic switch cylinder 18 will not light up.

[0042] Subsequently, the magnetic robotic arm picks up the main pin from the material box and places it on the loading reverse detection position 1, and places it on the limit seat 21 and the support seat. It is limited by the L-shaped limit plate and a pair of first limit wheels 19. The sensing fiber optic 20 senses the presence of material and controls the magnetic switch cylinder 18 to start, pushing the detection block 17 to move. When the threaded end of the main pin can be inserted into the detection port, the detection is positive. If it cannot be inserted, the detection is negative. The magnetic robotic arm changes the direction. The main pin that is detected positive is moved to the O-ring mounting position 2 by the material transfer mechanism.

[0043] O-rings are fed by an O-ring vibratory feeder 8, continuously conveying them to the discharge end. At this point, the transfer cylinder 24 is activated, moving the pusher plate 23 to push the O-rings to the transfer end. The support cylinder 63 is activated, simultaneously opening multiple support sliders 26 to expand the O-rings. The rotary cylinder 31 rotates the loading gripper 33 downwards, and the lifting cylinder 28 and lifting seat 30 move the loading gripper 33 downwards, lifting and gripping the O-rings. It then rotates to the corresponding master pin position, and the upper ring cylinder 29 is activated to place the O-ring onto the master pin. The pusher sleeve 32 extends and retracts, pushing the O-ring from the loading gripper 33 to the corresponding position on the master pin, completing the automatic O-ring assembly. After assembly, the master pin is moved to the identification hole position 3 via the transfer mechanism. When O-rings are insufficient, the photoelectric switch 22 sends feedback to the PLC, which issues a stop alarm command.

[0044] The pin is moved to the identification hole position 3, where it is supported by two pairs of second limit wheels 64. The first positioning cylinder 34 is activated to cooperate with the positioning head 35 to position the main pin. Then, the pressing cylinder 38 is activated to move the pressing plate 39 downward, so that the rubber wheel 40 abuts against the main pin. The motor is then started to drive the main pin to rotate. The position of the pin hole is determined by the infrared switch 36. When the pin hole is in a vertical position, the rubber wheel 40 stops rotating. The pin is then moved to the pre-pressed pin position 4 by the material transfer mechanism, where it is supported by the support block 49 and the pad block 48. The hole-fixing cylinder is then activated to insert into the pin hole for limiting.

[0045] The pins are pushed one by one into the guide tube 41 by the feeding pusher 11, and then guided to slide into the guide groove 44. The bottom of the guide groove 44 is brought into contact with the pin hole by the downward cylinder 42. The displacement cylinder 45 is activated to push the pin to the pre-pressing position. The pre-pressing cylinder 46 is activated to press the pin from the unloading hole into the pin hole. Then, the material transfer mechanism sends it to the pressing pin position 5. The positioning fixture 51 supports and limits the pin. The pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinder 62 drives the pressing head 52 to move down, so that the pin is completely pressed into the pin hole, completing the pin assembly. Finally, the material transfer mechanism transfers the pin to the unloading position 6. The detection camera 14 identifies the presence or absence of O-rings and pins and feeds feedback to the unloading mechanism 15. The main pin is transferred to the waste bin or conveyor belt 7 by the transverse cylinder 53, the unloading cylinder 54, the combination cylinder 55 and the unloading gripper 56. The finished main pins are transported to the unloading end by the conveyor belt 7, and are clamped one by one by a pair of clamping cylinders 57. Finally, they are unloaded by a magnetic robot arm.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated assembly system for kingpin parts of steering axles in new energy forklifts, comprising a workbench, characterized in that, The workbench is arranged in a straight line from left to right as follows: a loading detection position (1), an O-ring mounting position (2), a hole recognition position (3), a pre-pressed pin position (4), a pressed pin position (5), and a unloading position (6). An O-ring vibratory feeder (8) and an O-ring gripping robot (9) are installed on the rear side of the workbench corresponding to the O-ring mounting position (2). The O-ring gripping robot (9) is used to grip a single O-ring and fit it onto the master pin. A hole recognition mechanism (10) is installed on the workbench corresponding to the hole recognition position (3). The hole recognition mechanism (10) is used to locate the pin hole on the master pin. A pin loading pusher (11) is also installed on the rear side of the workbench. A pre-pressed pin mechanism (12) is installed between the pin loading pusher (11) and the pre-pressed pin position (4). A [missing information - likely a device or mechanism] is installed above the pressed pin position (5). The pressing mechanism (13) is equipped with a detection camera (14) and a feeding mechanism (15) on the right side of the workbench corresponding to the unloading position (6). A conveyor belt (7) is installed on the front side of the workbench. The feeding mechanism (15) is used to place qualified products on the conveyor belt (7). A robot unloading position (16) is installed at the unloading end of the conveyor belt (7). A magnetic manipulator is installed at the robot unloading position (16). The magnetic manipulator is used to grab the main pin and place it at the loading reverse detection position (1) on one hand, and to unload the finished main pin on the conveyor belt (7) on the other hand. A transfer mechanism is installed below the loading reverse detection position (1), the O-ring position (2), the hole recognition position (3), the pre-pressed pin position (4), the pressing pin position (5), and the unloading position (6). The transfer mechanism is used to transfer the main pin to the next working position. The hole recognition mechanism (10) includes a pair of positioning seats fixed at the hole recognition position (3). A positioning head (35) is installed on the top of one of the positioning seats, and a first positioning cylinder (34) corresponding to the positioning head (35) is installed on the other positioning seat. A pair of second support seats are also installed at the hole recognition position (3) between the pair of positioning seats. A pair of second limit wheels (64) are installed on the top of the second support seats. An infrared switch (36) is installed below the pin hole at the hole recognition position (3). A rolling assembly for driving the master pin to roll is also installed above the hole recognition position (3).

2. The automated assembly system for the kingpin component of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting seat (21), a first support seat, and a mounting seat are fixedly installed at the feeding reverse detection position (1). An L-shaped limiting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the limiting seat (21). A pair of first limiting wheels (19) are installed on the top of the first support seat. A magnetic switch cylinder (18) is installed on the mounting seat. A detection block (17) is installed on the telescopic end of the magnetic switch cylinder (18). The end of the detection block (17) is provided with a detection port for inserting the threaded end of the master pin. An induction optical fiber (20) is also installed on the first support seat for sensing whether there is material or not.

3. The automated assembly system for the kingpin component of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transfer platform (25) is fixedly installed on the workbench below the O-ring gripper (9). A transfer cylinder (24) is installed on the transfer platform (25). A push ring plate (23) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the transfer cylinder (24). The end of the push ring plate (23) is adapted to the discharge end of the O-ring vibrating plate (8). A support ring cylinder (63) is installed at the bottom of the transfer end of the transfer platform (25). Multiple support ring sliders (26) connected to the support ring cylinders (63) are arranged circumferentially on the platform surface of the transfer end. The multiple support ring sliders (26) move radially synchronously. A photoelectric switch (22) is installed above the transfer end.

4. An automated assembly system for the kingpin component of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 3, characterized in that, The O-ring gripper (9) includes a top plate (27) fixedly installed on the workbench. A lifting cylinder (28) is installed on the top plate (27). A lifting seat (30) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder (28). An upper ring cylinder (29) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting seat (30). A rotary cylinder (31) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the upper ring cylinder (29). A feeding gripper (33) is installed on the rotary end of the rotary cylinder (31). A retractable push ring sleeve (32) is sleeved around the feeding gripper (33). The positions of the feeding gripper (33) and the push ring sleeve (32) correspond to the O-ring position (2) and the material transfer end.

5. An automated assembly system for the kingpin component of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rolling assembly includes a mounting bracket (37) fixedly installed at the hole position (3), a pressing cylinder (38) is mounted on the mounting bracket (37), a pressing plate (39) is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the pressing cylinder (38), a motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the pressing plate (39), and a rubber wheel (40) is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor.

6. An automated assembly system for the kingpin component of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-compression pin mechanism (12) includes a fixed seat (43) fixed on the pre-compression pin position (4). A vertical downward cylinder (42) is installed on the fixed seat (43). A downward plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the downward cylinder (42). A vertical pre-compression cylinder (46) and a horizontally arranged guide groove (44) are installed on the side wall of the downward plate. A guide cover (47) is fixedly installed at the opening of the guide groove (44). A guide pipe (41) extending upward to the discharge end of the pin feeding pusher (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide cover (47). One end of (44) is equipped with a displacement cylinder (45) that pushes the pin along the guide groove (44) to the pre-pressing position. The top of the guide cover (47) corresponding to the pre-pressing position is provided with a pre-pressing hole through which the telescopic end of the pre-pressing cylinder (46) passes. The bottom of the guide groove (44) corresponding to the pre-pressing position is provided with a discharge hole through which the pin passes. A pad (48) and a support block (49) are also fixedly installed on the pre-pressing pin position (4) below the guide groove (44). The top of the pad (48) and the support block (49) are both provided with a limiting groove for placing the main pin. A fixed hole cylinder is installed at the bottom of the pad (48).

7. An automated assembly system for the kingpin component of a steering axle in a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-forming mechanism (13) includes a stand (50) fixedly installed on the pressure-forming pin position (5). A gas-liquid booster cylinder (62) is fixedly installed on the top of the stand (50). A pressure head (52) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the gas-liquid booster cylinder (62). A positioning fixture (51) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the stand (50). A positioning detection switch is installed on the positioning fixture (51).

8. An automated assembly system for the kingpin part of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading mechanism (15) includes a transverse cylinder (53) fixedly installed at the unloading position (6), an unloading cylinder (54) fixedly installed on the moving part of the transverse cylinder (53), a combined cylinder (55) fixedly installed on the moving part of the unloading cylinder (54), an unloading gripper (56) installed on the combined cylinder (55), and a pair of clamping cylinders (57) installed at the unloading end of the conveyor belt (7).

9. An automated assembly system for the kingpin part of the steering axle of a new energy forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material transfer mechanism includes a material transfer slide (58) fixedly installed on the workbench. A material clamping slide (59) is fixedly installed on the sliding part of the material transfer slide (58). A material transfer arm (60) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding part of the material clamping slide (59). A plurality of gripper cylinders (61) are fixedly installed on the top of the material transfer arm (60). The plurality of gripper cylinders (61) correspond to the loading reverse detection position (1), the O-ring installation position (2), the hole recognition position (3), the pre-pressing pin position (4), and the pressing pin position (5), respectively.

Images