Ducted structure, ducted fan and aircraft

Abstract

The present invention discloses a duct structure, which relates to the technical field of flight equipment, including a telescopic duct, a fixed duct and at least one duct drive device, wherein the telescopic duct is slidably connected to the fixed duct, the fixed duct is used to be fixedly connected to the aircraft body, each duct drive device is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, each duct drive device is connected to the telescopic duct, and the duct drive device can drive the telescopic duct to reciprocate along the center line direction of the telescopic duct. The present invention also provides a duct fan, including a blade device and a duct structure, wherein the blade device is arranged in a duct cavity of the fixed duct. The present invention also provides an aircraft, including an aircraft body and a duct structure, wherein the fixed duct is fixedly connected to the aircraft body. The present invention can adapt to the requirements of the aircraft under different working conditions and improve the overall efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flight equipment, and in particular to a ducted structure, a ducted fan and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] The ducted fan is a new type of rotor structure used to provide lift and thrust for helicopters, drones and other aircraft. The ducted fan includes a duct structure and a rotor. The rotor is contained in a cylindrical duct structure. In recent years, the low-altitude economy has developed rapidly, and a large number of flying cars have emerged on the market. Flying cars are a new type of land and air transportation. In order to ensure the overall flight efficiency of flying cars and the safety of the rotors, the ducted structure is particularly important. Compared with a single open rotor, the ducted fan has a higher overall aerodynamic efficiency and lower rotor noise due to the presence of the ducted structure, and the ducted structure can better protect the rotor.

[0003] However, if the ducted fan is to ensure that it can provide a large upward pulling force to achieve the hovering function, the length of the duct must be long enough. During the forward flight of the flying car, the existence of the duct will increase the frontal area of ​​the flying car. If the duct is too long, the frontal area will be too large during forward flight, resulting in excessive flight resistance and affecting its overall efficiency. The existing duct structure is a cylindrical structure, and the duct length cannot be adjusted. For example, the ducted fan provided by patent CN206943088U cannot adjust the duct length according to the flight state (hovering state or forward flight state), resulting in low overall flight efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a ducted structure, a ducted fan and an aircraft to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, to adapt to the requirements of the aircraft under different working conditions and to improve the overall efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a duct structure, including a telescopic duct, a fixed duct and at least one duct driving device, the telescopic duct is slidably connected to the fixed duct, the fixed duct is used to be fixedly connected to an aircraft body, each of the duct driving devices is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, each of the duct driving devices is connected to the telescopic duct, and the duct driving device can drive the telescopic duct to reciprocate along the centerline direction of the telescopic duct.

[0007] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided at one end of the fixed duct, and all the duct driving devices are arranged in the mounting groove, and the outer side wall of the telescopic duct can be slidably connected to the inner side wall of the mounting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic duct includes a duct body and at least one protrusion, each of the protrusions is fixedly connected to the duct body, each of the protrusions protrudes from the outer wall of the duct body, at least one sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove, each of the protrusions matches with one of the sliding grooves, and each of the protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding grooves.

[0009] Preferably, each of the protrusions includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the two ends of each of the first protrusions are respectively fixedly connected to the duct body and one of the second protrusions, and at least one end of each of the second protrusions protrudes from the outer side wall of the corresponding first protrusions; each of the slide grooves includes a first slide groove and a second slide groove that are connected to each other, and each of the first slide grooves is connected to the mounting groove; each of the first protrusions matches with one of the first slide grooves, and each of the first protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding first slide grooves, and each of the second protrusions matches with one of the second slide grooves, and each of the second protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding second slide grooves.

[0010] Preferably, each of the duct drive devices is a linear motor.

[0011] The present invention further provides a ducted fan, comprising a blade device and the duct structure, wherein the blade device is arranged in the duct cavity of the fixed duct.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a center body, which includes a first center body and a second center body, and the blade device includes a blade drive device and a rotor blade assembly. The center body is at least partially arranged in the duct cavity, the first center body is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, the second center body is rotatably connected to the first center body, the rotor blade assembly is fixedly connected to the second center body, the blade drive device is fixedly connected to the first center body, and the blade drive device is connected to the second center body, and the blade drive device can drive the second center body to rotate around the center line of the duct cavity.

[0013] The present invention further provides an aircraft, comprising the aircraft body and the duct structure, wherein the fixed duct is fixedly connected to the aircraft body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0015] The duct structure, duct fan and aircraft provided by the present invention, this embodiment provides a duct structure, including a telescopic duct, a fixed duct and at least one duct drive device, the telescopic duct is slidably connected to the fixed duct, each duct drive device is connected to the telescopic duct, and the duct drive device can drive the telescopic duct to reciprocate along the centerline direction of the telescopic duct. According to the flight state of the aircraft, the telescopic duct is driven to extend and retract along the centerline direction of the telescopic duct by the duct drive device, and the requirements of the aircraft under different working conditions can be adapted by changing the length of the duct. Specifically, when the aircraft is in a hovering state, the telescopic duct can be driven to extend outward by the duct drive device to increase the length of the duct structure, preferably to the maximum length, to ensure that the duct fan can successfully pull up the entire aircraft. When the aircraft is in a forward flight state, the telescopic duct is driven to retract inward by the duct drive device to reduce the length of the duct structure, preferably to the minimum length, to reduce the frontal area of ​​the aircraft, thereby reducing the overall resistance and improving the overall efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the duct structure provided in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed duct provided in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the mounting groove provided in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ducted fan provided in Example 2;

[0021] Figure 5 A front view of the ducted fan provided in Example 2;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Bottom view of

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ducted fan provided in Example 2 when it does not include a telescopic duct;

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of middle;

[0026] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ducted fan provided in Example 2 when the ducted fan does not include a fixed duct;

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of middle B;

[0028] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the inward recovery of the telescopic duct provided in Example 2;

[0029] In the figure: 100, duct structure; 200, duct fan; 1, telescopic duct; 2, fixed duct; 201, mounting groove; 202, duct cavity; 3, duct drive device; 4, first protrusion; 5, second protrusion; 6, first slide groove; 7, second slide groove; 8, first center body; 9, second center body; 10, duct stator; 11, rotor blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The object of the present invention is to provide a ducted structure, a ducted fan and an aircraft to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, to adapt to the requirements of the aircraft under different working conditions and to improve the overall efficiency.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1-12As shown, this embodiment provides a duct structure 100, including a telescopic duct 1, a fixed duct 2 and at least one duct driving device 3, the telescopic duct 1 is slidably connected to the fixed duct 2, the fixed duct 2 is used to be fixedly connected to the aircraft body, each duct driving device 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed duct 2, each duct driving device 3 is connected to the telescopic duct 1, and the duct driving device 3 can drive the telescopic duct 1 to reciprocate along the center line direction of the telescopic duct 1. According to the flight state of the aircraft, the telescopic duct 1 is driven to be telescopic and retracted along the centerline direction of the telescopic duct 1 by the duct drive device 3. The requirements of the aircraft under different working conditions can be adapted by changing the length of the duct. Specifically, when the aircraft is in a hovering state, the telescopic duct 1 can be driven to extend outward by the duct drive device 3 to increase the length of the duct structure 100, preferably to a maximum length, to ensure that the duct fan 200 can successfully pull up the entire aircraft. When the aircraft is in a forward flight state, the telescopic duct 1 can be driven to be retracted inward by the duct drive device 3 to reduce the length of the duct structure 100, preferably to a minimum length, thereby reducing the windward area of ​​the aircraft, thereby reducing the overall resistance and improving the overall efficiency.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a controller, which is connected to the duct drive device 3 by signal. When hovering, the controller sends a duct extension signal to the duct drive device 3, and the duct drive device 3 drives the telescopic duct 1 to extend outward. When flying forward, the controller sends a duct retract signal to the duct drive device 3, and the duct drive device 3 drives the telescopic duct 1 to retract inward, thereby realizing free change of the duct length.

[0036] In this embodiment, a mounting groove 201 is provided at one end of the fixed duct 2 , and all duct driving devices 3 are disposed in the mounting groove 201 . The outer wall of the telescopic duct 1 can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 201 .

[0037] like Figure 8-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the telescopic duct 1 includes a duct body and at least one protrusion, each protrusion is fixedly connected to the duct body, each protrusion protrudes from the outer wall of the duct body, and at least one slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting groove 201, each protrusion matches a slide groove, and each protrusion is slidably connected to each corresponding slide groove, and each slide groove can limit the movement of the corresponding protrusion along the circumference of the fixed duct 2. The protrusion and the slide groove are slidably matched, so that the telescopic duct 1 can reciprocate more smoothly along the center line direction of the telescopic duct 1.

[0038] like Figure 8-11As shown, in this embodiment, each protrusion includes a first protrusion 4 and a second protrusion 5, and the two ends of each first protrusion 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the duct body and a second protrusion 5, and at least one end of each second protrusion 5 protrudes from the outer side wall of the corresponding first protrusion 4; each slide groove includes a first slide groove 6 and a second slide groove 7 that are connected to each other, and each first slide groove 6 is connected to the mounting groove 201; each first protrusion 4 matches a first slide groove 6, and each first protrusion 4 is slidably connected to the corresponding first slide groove 6, and each second protrusion 5 matches a second slide groove 7, and each second protrusion 5 is slidably connected to the corresponding second slide groove 7. As a preferred embodiment, the protrusion and the slide groove are both T-shaped.

[0039] In this embodiment, each duct drive device 3 is a linear motor, the output end of the duct drive device 3 is fixedly connected to the telescopic duct 1, and the other end of the duct drive device 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed duct 2. There are preferably multiple duct drive devices 3, more preferably, there are 30 duct drive devices 3, the installation groove 201 is an annular groove, and all the duct drive devices 3 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular groove.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 3-12 As shown, this embodiment provides a ducted fan 200 , including a blade device and the duct structure 100 in Embodiment 1, and the blade device is disposed in a duct cavity 202 of a fixed duct 2 .

[0042] like Figure 4-7 As shown, in this embodiment, it also includes a center body, the center body includes a first center body 8 and a second center body 9, the blade device includes a blade drive device and a rotor blade assembly, the center body is at least partially arranged in the duct cavity 202, the first center body 8 is fixedly connected to the fixed duct 2, the second center body 9 is rotatably connected to the first center body 8, the rotor blade assembly is fixedly connected to the second center body 9, the blade drive device is fixedly connected to the first center body 8, the blade drive device is connected to the second center body 9, and the blade drive device can drive the second center body 9 to rotate around the center line of the duct cavity 202, thereby driving the rotor blade assembly to rotate around the center line of the duct cavity 202. The center body can play a role of fixed support for the rotor blade assembly and the blade drive device, etc. The blade drive device can drive the rotor blade assembly to rotate rapidly when the aircraft is flying, and the rotor blade assembly is the main power source of the ducted fan 200.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, at least one duct stator 10 is further included, and the two ends of each duct stator 10 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first center body 8 and the inner wall of the fixed duct 2; the rotor blade assembly includes at least two rotor blades 11, one end of each rotor blade 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second center body 9, and the other end of each rotor blade 11 extends away from the second center body 9. There are multiple duct stators 10 and rotor blades 11, and the multiple duct stators 10 are arranged along the circumference of the first center body 8, and the multiple rotor blades 11 are arranged along the circumference of the second center body 9.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] This embodiment provides an aircraft, including an aircraft body and the duct structure 100 in Embodiment 1, wherein the fixed duct 2 is fixedly connected to the aircraft body.

[0046] The aircraft in this embodiment is preferably a flying car, but is not limited thereto and may also be other aircraft such as a drone.

[0047] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A duct structure, characterized in that: It comprises a telescopic duct, a fixed duct and at least one duct driving device, the telescopic duct is slidably connected to the fixed duct, the fixed duct is used to be fixedly connected to the aircraft body, each of the duct driving devices is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, each of the duct driving devices is connected to the telescopic duct, and the duct driving device can drive the telescopic duct to reciprocate along the centerline direction of the telescopic duct; One end of the fixed duct is provided with a mounting groove, and all the duct driving devices are arranged in the mounting groove, and the outer side wall of the telescopic duct can be slidably connected with the inner side wall of the mounting groove; The telescopic duct includes a duct body and at least one protrusion, each of the protrusions is fixedly connected to the duct body, each of the protrusions protrudes from the outer side wall of the duct body, at least one slide groove is provided on the inner side wall of the mounting groove, each of the protrusions matches with one of the slide grooves, and each of the protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding slide grooves; Each of the protrusions includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the two ends of each of the first protrusions are respectively fixedly connected to the duct body and one of the second protrusions, and at least one end of each of the second protrusions protrudes from the outer side wall of the corresponding first protrusions; each of the slide grooves includes a first slide groove and a second slide groove that are connected to each other, and each of the first slide grooves is connected to the mounting groove; each of the first protrusions matches with one of the first slide grooves, and each of the first protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding first slide grooves, and each of the second protrusions matches with one of the second slide grooves, and each of the second protrusions is slidably connected to the corresponding second slide grooves.

2. The duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the duct drive devices is a linear motor.

3. A ducted fan, characterized in that: It comprises a blade device and the duct structure described in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the blade device is arranged in the duct cavity of the fixed duct.

4. The ducted fan according to claim 3, wherein: It also includes a center body, which includes a first center body and a second center body. The blade device includes a blade drive device and a rotor blade assembly. The center body is at least partially arranged in the duct cavity. The first center body is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, the second center body is rotatably connected to the first center body, the rotor blade assembly is fixedly connected to the second center body, the blade drive device is fixedly connected to the first center body, the blade drive device is connected to the second center body, and the blade drive device can drive the second center body to rotate around the center line of the duct cavity.

5. An aircraft, characterized in that: It comprises the aircraft body and the duct structure described in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the fixed duct is fixedly connected to the aircraft body.

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