A silage harvesting and baling device

Abstract

This invention discloses a silage harvesting and baling device, relating to the technical field of silage processing devices. It utilizes a weighing device in the first chamber, along with the volume of the first chamber, to measure the moisture content of the silage. Based on this moisture content, the control unit controls a conveying device to transport the silage to a dehydration unit or directly into a packaging unit. The entire dehydration and packaging process is completed inside the device. Compared to sun-drying, it is unaffected by weather and can more promptly and efficiently bring the moisture content of the silage to the specified value, facilitating subsequent storage. Simultaneously, the control unit can adjust the operating power and duration of the spin dryer based on the moisture content of the silage. Compared to sun-drying, this allows for accurate control of the amount of water removed from the silage, avoiding under- or over-dehydration. The overall operation of the device is controlled by the control unit, resulting in a high degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silage processing equipment technology, specifically to a silage harvesting and baling device. Background Technology

[0002] Silage refers to the process of compacting and sealing fresh plant materials to isolate them from the outside air, causing internal oxygen deficiency and anaerobic fermentation, which produces organic acids. This process can extend the shelf life of fresh plant materials, reduce nutrient loss, and facilitate animal digestion and absorption.

[0003] To ensure the quality of silage, the moisture content of silage for storage and fermentation needs to be within a certain range. For example, semi-dry silage, one of the main types of silage fermentation, requires the moisture content of harvested silage to be reduced to 45%-55% before storage. Conventional air-drying methods are greatly affected by the weather. If there are continuous rainy days after harvest, the piled silage is easily contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria and becomes moldy. At the same time, if the temperature is too high during drying, it is easy to dry it too much and the moisture content will be too low, which does not meet the requirements. In addition, excessive light intensity will kill the lactic acid bacteria in the silage, which is not conducive to silage fermentation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a silage harvesting and baling device to solve the problems of conventional silage dehydration methods based on air drying being greatly affected by weather and having difficulty in controlling the amount of water removed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A silage harvesting and baling device includes a feeding unit, a dehydration unit, a control unit, and a packaging unit for packaging materials. The feeding unit includes a first chamber and a weighing device for measuring the weight of the materials in the first chamber. The first chamber is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet. The dehydration unit is a centrifuge with a second inlet and a second outlet. Conveying devices for transporting materials are provided between the feeding unit and the dehydration unit, between the dehydration unit and the packaging unit, and between the feeding unit and the packaging unit.

[0007] The control unit determines the material conveying direction based on the weight parameters obtained from the weighing device. When the weight parameters are higher than the weight threshold, the control unit drives the conveying device to convey the material from the feeding unit to the dehydration unit. After dehydration, the material is conveyed to the packaging unit for packaging. When the weight parameters are lower than or equal to the weight threshold, the control unit drives the conveying device to convey the material from the feeding unit to the packaging unit for packaging. The control unit is also used to control the power and duration of the spin dryer operation based on the weight parameters.

[0008] Conventional silage dehydration methods based on air drying are greatly affected by weather and have difficulty controlling the amount of water removed. This invention provides a silage harvesting and baling device that uses a weighing device in the first chamber, combined with the volume of the first chamber, to measure the moisture content of the silage. The control unit controls the conveying device to transport the silage material based on this moisture content. When the moisture content of the silage is higher than a threshold, it is sent to the centrifuge in the dehydration unit for dehydration. When the moisture content is lower than the threshold, it is directly sent to the packaging unit for packaging. The entire dehydration and packaging process is completed inside the device. Compared to air drying, it is not affected by weather and can more quickly and efficiently bring the moisture content of the silage to the specified value, facilitating subsequent storage. Simultaneously, the control unit can adjust the operating power and duration of the centrifuge based on the moisture content of the silage, achieving accurate control of the amount of water removed compared to air drying, avoiding insufficient or excessive dehydration. The overall operation of the device is controlled by the control unit, resulting in a high degree of automation.

[0009] Furthermore, the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the spin dryer is horizontal, and the spin dryer is provided with a second chamber for containing materials. The second chamber is fixedly provided with a vent with a filter screen and a blower component with an air outlet facing the inside of the second chamber is fixedly connected.

[0010] Conventional silage dryers typically rotate around a vertical axis. These dryers can only remove surface moisture from silage. Furthermore, during dehydration, the silage can clog the drain screen on the side wall of the dryer, making it difficult to remove moisture from the silage that is spun to the edge of the dryer. By designing the silage dryer's chamber to rotate around a horizontal axis, the silage is thrown upwards by the rollers during dehydration, resulting in greater dispersion of the silage and faster, more uniform dehydration. Simultaneously, the use of a blower can more effectively remove internal moisture from the silage, improving dehydration efficiency. Further, the dehydration unit is fixedly connected to a hopper for injecting additives into the second chamber. The second chamber has an injection port with a cover movably connected to it. A baffle is movably connected to the air outlet of the blower. The control unit also controls the injection of additives into the hopper, the start and stop of the blower, and the opening and closing of the cover and baffle.

[0011] To improve the quality of silage, additives are usually added to the silage before storage. This is achieved by opening a feeding port on the silo of the centrifuge to inject the additives into the centrifuge, and then using the centrifuge to mix the additives with the silage. This not only allows for automatic addition of the additives but also ensures a more uniform mixing of the additives and silage. In addition, baffles are installed on the blowing components and covers are installed on the ventilation openings to ensure that the additives do not leak out during material mixing.

[0012] Furthermore, the packaging unit is fixedly provided with a third chamber, which has a third inlet and a third outlet. The top of the third chamber is provided with several water supply needles that can move vertically. The water supply needles are vertically arranged and connected to a water supply device through pipes. The control unit is also used to control the movement of the water supply needles and to control the operating power and duration of the water supply device based on weight data.

[0013] Due to factors such as harvesting timing and transportation conditions, the moisture content of silage after harvest may be lower than the required moisture content for storage. In such cases, it is necessary to replenish the silage with water. This is done by using evenly distributed water replenishment needles to ensure more uniform water replenishment. The thin needles are inserted into the silage to prevent water from being sprayed only on the surface and easily evaporating, thereby improving the water replenishment effect. At the same time, the water replenishment needles are placed in the third compartment of the sealing unit to reduce the redundancy of the device caused by separate installation and to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the tip of the water replenishment needle is sealed and the side wall has a first through hole.

[0015] By sealing the needle tip of the water injection syringe and using a side wall opening, multi-layer watering operations can be achieved in the vertical direction of the silage material, thus making the watering more uniform.

[0016] Furthermore, the side wall of the third compartment is provided with a horizontal sliding groove, and a plate-shaped component is slidably connected to the horizontal sliding groove. The plate-shaped component has several second through holes that are interference-fitted with the water replenishment needle tube. The needle tip of the water replenishment needle tube is detachably fixedly connected to the needle tube. The thickness of the plate-shaped component is the same as the length of the water replenishment needle tube.

[0017] When injecting water using the through-hole in the side wall of the water injection syringe, some small pieces of silage may enter the first through-hole and cause blockage of the syringe. When no water injection is performed on the silage, water can be directly poured into the syringe to flush away the silage that has entered the first through-hole, but it is difficult to remove impurities that have already entered the syringe. By making the needle detachable and using the side wall of the plate-like part to block the first through-hole in the side wall of the syringe, water can be poured into the syringe after the needle is removed, thus cleaning the impurities inside the syringe.

[0018] Furthermore, the second chamber is also fixedly equipped with a drying component for heating the internal space of the second chamber.

[0019] Since most of the water in plants is inside plant cells, it is difficult to efficiently and quickly achieve the dehydration requirement by simply blowing air or spinning. By setting up a drying component and heating the internal space of the second chamber, some of the water located inside the plant cells is removed to improve the dehydration effect. At the same time, the water generated during drying can be spun out by the spin dryer, avoiding excessive water remaining in the chamber from absorbing heat and hindering the drying effect, thus further improving the dehydration rate.

[0020] Furthermore, the first through hole includes an outlet located on the outer wall of the water supply needle tube and an inlet located on the inner wall of the water supply needle tube, wherein the inlet is located below the outlet in the vertical direction.

[0021] By setting the first through hole so that the water outlet on the outer wall is higher than the water inlet on the inner wall, the thin rod-shaped silage section is less likely to be inserted into the first through hole when the needle is inserted into the silage material, thereby reducing the occurrence of silage material clogging the first through hole and affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0022] Furthermore, the third compartment is a hollow right quadrangular prism shape, and the third compartment includes a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall and a fourth side wall. The first side wall and the second side wall are symmetrical about the center point of the third compartment, and the third side wall and the fourth side wall are symmetrical about the center point of the third compartment.

[0023] The first sidewall is connected to a first pressure plate via a first telescopic member, and the second sidewall is connected to a second pressure plate via a second telescopic member. The first pressure plate surface, the second pressure plate surface, the bottom wall of the third compartment, the top wall of the third compartment, the third sidewall, and the fourth sidewall are all fitted with detachably connected plastic sealing films. The first pressure plate and the second pressure plate are both provided with sealing components for sealing the plastic sealing film.

[0024] The control unit is also used to control the extension and retraction of the first telescopic member and the second telescopic member, as well as the operation of the encapsulation component.

[0025] After dehydration, silage can be directly fermented in pits or encapsulated. The encapsulation unit handles the encapsulation of the silage, using plastic film directly without prior bundling, reducing steps and simplifying the equipment structure. Silage with the required moisture content is directly conveyed to the encapsulation unit for sealing, reducing processes and improving equipment efficiency. The first and second pressure plates compress the silage, removing air to create an anaerobic environment for fermentation. Each surface of the third chamber is fitted with a detachable, fixed plastic film. After the silage is compacted, the film is secured by the encapsulation components to complete the sealing process.

[0026] Furthermore, the first chamber is provided with a vibrating element for vibrating the first chamber, and the top of the first chamber is provided with a third pressure plate that can move vertically inside the first chamber. The side of the third pressure plate is in contact with the inner wall of the first chamber and the third pressure plate has vertical ventilation holes.

[0027] The device provided by this invention obtains the moisture content of silage based on the weight and volume of the silage in the first silo. By adding a vibrating element to vibrate the first silo, it ensures that the silage falling into the feeding unit can be evenly dispersed, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the volume of the silage to be processed, and thus improving the calculation accuracy of the moisture content of the silage. By adding a pressure plate, the silage entering the first silo can be squeezed, reducing the gaps between the silage materials, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the silage volume. The surface area of ​​the third pressure plate is the same as the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the first silo, that is, when squeezing, the silage will not leak out from the gap between the third pressure plate and the side wall of the first silo. Furthermore, the third pressure plate has several vertical ventilation holes to remove excess air between the silage materials during squeezing, ensuring the normal discharge of air from the silage while realizing the squeezing function of the third pressure plate.

[0028] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0029] (1) The silage harvesting and baling device provided by the present invention uses a weighing device in the first compartment to measure the moisture content of the silage material in conjunction with the volume of the first compartment. The control unit controls the conveying device to transport the silage material based on this moisture content. When the moisture content of the silage material is higher than the threshold, it is sent to the dehydration unit's spin dryer for dehydration. When the moisture content of the silage material is lower than the threshold, it is directly sent to the packaging unit for packaging. The entire dehydration and packaging process is completed inside the device. Compared with the sun-drying method, it is not affected by the weather and can more timely and efficiently bring the moisture content of the silage material to the specified value, which is convenient for subsequent storage. At the same time, the control unit can also adjust the operating power and operating time of the spin dryer according to the moisture content of the silage material. Compared with the sun-drying method, it can accurately control the amount of dehydration of the silage material and avoid the situation of insufficient or excessive dehydration. In addition, the overall operation of the device is controlled by the control unit, and the degree of automation is high.

[0030] (2) The silage harvesting and baling device provided by the present invention uses uniformly distributed water injection needles to replenish water to silage materials with insufficient moisture content, making the water replenishment more uniform. The thin tubes are inserted into the silage to prevent water from being sprayed only on the surface of the silage and easily evaporating, thereby improving the water replenishment effect. At the same time, the water injection needles are set in the third compartment of the packaging unit to reduce the redundancy of the device caused by separate setting and achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure.

[0031] (3) The silage harvesting and baling device provided by the present invention realizes the silage baling function through the baling unit, and directly uses plastic film for baling without prior baling, reducing the process and thus simplifying the device structure. For silage with the required moisture content, it is directly transferred to the baling unit through the conveying device to complete the baling, reducing the process and improving the efficiency of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the silage harvesting and baling device in this invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centrifuge in the dehydration unit of the present invention, in which the chamber rotates around a horizontal axis;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging unit in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 A top view of the third compartment during the encapsulation process of the middle packaging unit;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water replenishment needle in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third compartment containing plate-shaped members in this invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water injection needle and the plate-shaped component after they are assembled in this invention;

[0040] Among them, 1-feeding unit, 101-first chamber, 102-weighing component, 2-dehydration unit, 201-second chamber, 210-ventilation port, 211-blowing component, 203-feeding hopper, 212-feeding port, 213-cover plate, 214-baffle, 3-control unit, 4-packaging unit, 401-third chamber, 402-first pressure plate, 403-second pressure plate, 5-conveying device, 6-water replenishment needle tube, 601-first through hole, 7-plate-shaped component, 701-second through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0042] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a silage harvesting and baling device, including a feeding unit 1, a dehydration unit 2, a control unit 3, and a packaging unit 4 for packaging. The feeding unit 1, the dehydration unit 2, and the packaging unit 4 are all provided with inlet and outlet ports for assisting the entry and exit of materials. Conveying devices 5 for transporting materials are provided between the feeding unit 1 and the dehydration unit 2, between the dehydration unit 2 and the packaging unit 4, and between the feeding unit 1 and the packaging unit 4. The conveying device 5 can be a track mechanism or a sprocket mechanism.

[0045] The feeding unit 1 includes a first silo 101 and a weighing device 102. The first silo can be made of plastic or metal, as shown in the figure. The top of the first silo 101 is a first feed inlet, the bottom of the first silo 101 is provided with a conveying device 5, and the side wall of the first silo 101 has a first discharge outlet. The silage material enters the first silo 101 through the first feed inlet. The control unit 3 obtains the volume parameters of the silage material based on the volume of the silo and the height of the silage material entering the silo. The volume can be obtained by setting an infrared sensor on the side wall of the first silo 101 that can move vertically up and down. A measuring device is used to measure the height of the silage material to obtain its volume. It can also control the silage material added to the first silo 101 each time to measure the material volume at a certain height, thus reducing the need for volume measuring devices and simplifying the structure. As a preferred embodiment, the top of the first silo 101 is equipped with a third pressure plate for compressing the silage material inside. The third pressure plate is connected to a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod is controlled by the control unit 3 to move the third pressure plate vertically up and down inside the first silo 101. Furthermore, the volume of the silage material can also be measured by... A vertical sliding groove is provided on the side wall to allow the third pressure plate to move up and down. After the silage material enters the first silo, it can be compressed to reduce the gaps between the silage materials, thereby improving the accuracy of silage volume measurement. The surface area of ​​the third pressure plate is the same as the horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the first silo, meaning that during compression, the silage material will not leak out from the gap between the third pressure plate and the side wall of the first silo 101. Furthermore, several vertical ventilation holes are provided on the third pressure plate to remove excess air between the silage materials during compression, ensuring normal air discharge from the silage. The weighing element 102 is used for... The weighing device 102 is used to measure the weight of silage material. It can be a mechanical scale or an electronic scale. The weighing device 102 can be directly set as the bottom plate of the first silo 101 and be closedly connected to the bottom edge of the side wall of the first silo 101. That is, during weighing, the silage material is located inside the first silo 101 and will not fall out. One side of the weighing device 102 is rotatably connected to the first silo 101. The rotatable connection can be a hinge connection or a pin connection. After weighing is completed, the control unit 3 controls the rotation of the weighing device to facilitate the silage material falling into the conveyor 5 below and being transported away.The weighing element 102 can also be fixedly installed below the first silo 101, with the bottom plate of the first silo 101 rotatably connected to the side wall of the first silo 101. After all the silage material has entered the first silo 101 and the volume measurement is completed, the control unit 3 controls the bottom plate to rotate and open, allowing it to fall onto the weighing element 102 to complete the weighing. Alternatively, the first silo 101 can be fixedly connected to a lifting mechanism that moves vertically up and down. When weighing is required, the first silo 101 lowers and is placed on the weighing element 102 to complete the weighing. As a preferred embodiment, the first silo 101 is provided with a vibrator for vibrating the first silo 101. The vibrating component, which can be a vibration motor or a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, ensures that the silage material falling into the feeding unit can be evenly dispersed by adding a vibrating component to vibrate the first silage chamber, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the volume of the silage material to be processed and thus improving the calculation accuracy of the moisture content of the silage material. The control unit 3 obtains the density of the silage material to be processed in the first silage chamber based on the weight and volume parameters, thereby indirectly obtaining the moisture content of the silage material. The dewatering unit 2 is equipped with a spin dryer for dewatering the silage material. The packaging unit can be an existing square bale baling device or a round bale baling device.

[0046] The control unit includes a logic processing module and an action execution module. The logic processing unit can be an STM microcontroller or an FPGA. The logic processing module transmits control commands to the action execution module through a signal transmitter according to the compiled control program. The control program can be an existing common industrial control program or software. The action execution module can be a relay, a timer, or a motor. The signal transmitter can be a 4G / 5G signal transmitter or an Ethernet signal transmitter. The action execution module is equipped with a signal receiver for receiving corresponding signals. The operation of the action execution module includes the material conveying operation of the conveying device 5, the adjustment of the power and working time of the spin dryer, and the operation of the bundling machine or packaging equipment in the packaging unit 4.

[0047] In use, the silage is poured into the first chamber 101. The logic processing unit obtains the weight and volume of the silage in the first chamber 101, calculates the density of the silage in the first chamber 101 based on the weight and volume, and then obtains its moisture content. The relationship between the silage density and moisture content can be pre-measured and input into the logic processing unit using conventional methods such as resistance measurement, drying, or infrared radiation. For example, for alfalfa silage, several unit volumes of alfalfa silage are selected, and while continuously dehydrating, the moisture content of each unit volume of alfalfa silage is measured using the resistance measurement method. The moisture content and weight of the silage are used to establish a mapping relationship set, which is then input into the logic processing unit as a preset value. The obtained moisture content of the silage in the first silo 101 is compared with a moisture content threshold, which is the most suitable moisture content value for silage storage. The moisture content threshold is a range value. When the moisture content of the silage in the first silo 101 is higher than the moisture content threshold, under the control of the control unit 3, the silage material in the first silo 101 is transferred from the feeding unit 1 to the centrifuge of the dehydration unit 2 through a conveying device. When all the silage material has entered the centrifuge, the control unit 1 starts the centrifuge based on the built-in program. The power and drying time of the centrifuge are adjusted. During initial use, the discharge port of dewatering unit 2 and the inlet of feeding unit 1 can be connected to conveyor device 5. By setting different centrifuge speeds and working times, and transporting the dewatered silage to feeding unit 1 for re-weighing, the dewatering rate under different speeds and working times can be obtained. A dewatering parameter dataset is constructed for silage of different raw materials. Based on this dataset, in subsequent dewatering of silage, one dewatering operation can meet the moisture content requirements, reducing the number of steps and improving the efficiency of the equipment. After dewatering, the silage is conveyed through conveyor device 5 to the dewatering unit. The material is fed from the outlet of unit 2 to the packaging unit 4. The logic processing module controls the packaging device of the packaging unit to bundle, package, or directly send the silage material into the storage cellar. When the moisture content of the silage in the first silo 101 is lower than or equal to the moisture content threshold, the silage material in the first silo 101 is transferred from the feeding unit 1 to the packaging unit 4 through the conveying device. The logic processing module controls the packaging device of the packaging unit 4 to bundle, package, or directly send the silage material into the storage cellar. In addition, for silage with too low moisture content, water can be added to the silage material by manually sprinkling water or by setting up a spraying device in the packaging unit 4.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the spin dryer's rotating shaft axis is horizontal, meaning the dryer's chamber rotates around a horizontal axis. The dryer's chamber is equipped with a blowing component 211 and a vent 210. The blowing component 210 can be a regular electric fan or a blower with a hot air function, used to accelerate the dehydration rate. To prevent silage from leaking out of the dryer through the vent 210, a filter screen is fixed to the vent 210. Conventional spin dryers typically rotate around a vertical axis. These types of dryers can only remove some surface moisture from the silage. Furthermore, during dehydration, the silage can clog the drain screen on the side wall of the dryer, making it difficult to remove moisture from the silage that is later spun to the edge of the dryer. By designing the dryer's chamber to rotate around a horizontal axis, the silage is thrown upwards by the rollers during dehydration, resulting in more dispersed silage and more efficient dehydration. The process is faster and more uniform. Simultaneously, the use of blowing components allows for more effective removal of moisture from the silage material, improving dehydration efficiency. Furthermore, since most moisture is located within plant cell tissues, the dehydration unit is also equipped with a drying device. This drying device can be a metal heating element fixedly attached to the inner wall of the second chamber 201. By heating the internal space of the second chamber 201 with these heating elements, some of the moisture located within the plant cell tissues is removed, enhancing the dehydration effect. The surface of the heating element is covered with a plastic layer to prevent the silage material from directly contacting the metal heating element and overheating. Additionally, resistance wires can be added to the blowing components such as fans to heat the air supplied by the blowing components, thereby achieving the drying function. The water generated during drying can also be spun out by a spin dryer, preventing excessive residual moisture in the chamber from absorbing heat and hindering the drying effect, further improving the dehydration rate. To improve the quality of silage, additives are usually added to the silage before storage. Therefore, the dehydration unit is fixedly connected to a hopper for injecting additives into the second bin 201. The injection of the hopper is controlled by the control unit 3. The bin of the centrifuge has an injection port 212, which is movably connected to a cover plate 213. A baffle 214 is movably connected to the air outlet of the blowing component 211. After the silage is dehydrated, before it is transported away from the outlet of the dehydration unit, the control unit 3 controls the centrifuge to rotate, so that the injection port 212 of the bin is open. Located below the feeding hopper 203, the control unit 3 controls the opening of the cover 213 and the closing of the baffle 214. At the same time, the control unit 3 controls the feeding hopper to open, and the additive enters the hopper of the centrifuge. After that, the cover is closed, and the centrifuge rotates to mix the silage and the additive. Using the centrifuge to mix the additive with the silage not only enables the automatic addition of the additive, but also makes the mixing of the additive and the silage more uniform. The blower 211 can also be equipped with a cover 213 or continue to operate when the silage is being mixed to prevent the additive from falling out of the blower 211.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Please refer to Figures 3-5 This second embodiment provides a silage harvesting and baling device based on the first embodiment. The sealing unit 4 includes a built-in third chamber 401 with a third inlet and a third outlet. The third chamber 401 is a hollow, straight quadrangular prism, which can be a cube or a cuboid. A first pressure plate 402 and a second pressure plate 403 are connected to opposite side walls of the third chamber 401 via telescopic components. Both the first pressure plate 402 and the second pressure plate 403 can move towards the geometric center of the third chamber between the remaining opposite side walls. The four side walls, top wall, and bottom wall of the third chamber are detachably connected to a plastic sealing film. The dehydrated silage can be directly fermented in a cellar or fermented using plastic sealing. The sealing unit achieves the sealing function of the silage, and the plastic sealing film is used directly for sealing, eliminating the need for pre-baling, reducing processes, and thus simplifying the device structure. For silage with the required moisture content, it is directly conveyed to the sealing unit for sealing, reducing processes and improving the efficiency of the device. In use, when all the silage material is transported into the third chamber 401, the first pressure plate 402 and the second pressure plate 403, under the control of the control unit 3, are moved towards the geometric center of the third chamber 401 by the telescopic rod. Pressure sensors can be installed on both the first pressure plate 402 and the second pressure plate 403 to measure the pressure between the pressure plate and the material and thus determine the degree of compression, so as to ensure that the silage material to be packaged reaches the required degree of compaction. After compaction, the plastic sealing film on each side is connected by the packaging components provided on the first pressure plate 402 and the second pressure plate 403 to form a packaging structure. The plastic sealing film can be made of polypropylene or polyethylene, and the packaging components can be a hot melt glue gun, a nail gun, or a heating plate provided on the edge of the pressure plate and connected by heating the plastic sealing film.

[0051] The top of the third compartment 401 is equipped with several vertically arranged water supply needles 6. Each needle is connected to an external water supply device, which can be a small water pump or a direct connection to a tap water pipe. The needles 6 can move vertically up and down, controlled by a motor operated by a control unit 3. This motor can be a servo motor or a stepper motor. The control unit 3 also controls the water flow rate and duration of the water supply device to regulate the amount of water injected into the silage material. The amount of water injected is based on measurements taken by the feeding unit 1. The moisture content of silage is set. Due to factors such as harvesting time and transportation conditions, the moisture content of harvested silage may be lower than the required storage moisture content. In this case, it is necessary to replenish the silage with water. Water replenishment is carried out by using evenly distributed water replenishment needles to make the water replenishment more uniform. The thin tubes are inserted into the interior of the silage to prevent water from being sprayed only on the surface of the silage and easily evaporating, thereby improving the water replenishment effect. At the same time, the water replenishment needles are set in the third compartment of the sealing unit to reduce the redundancy of the device caused by separate installation and to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure. As a preferred embodiment, the tip of the water injection needle 6 is sealed, and a first through hole 601 is opened on the side wall. By sealing the needle tip of the water injection needle 6 and adopting the form of a side wall opening, water can be injected into multiple layers of silage material in the vertical direction during water injection, thereby making the water injection more uniform. In addition, the channel of the first through hole 601 is inclined in the vertical direction. The outlet of the first through hole 601 on the outer wall of the water injection needle 6 is higher in the vertical direction than the inlet of the first through hole 601 on the inner wall of the water injection needle 6. This makes it difficult for the thin rod-shaped silage section to be inserted into the first through hole when the needle is inserted into the silage material, thereby reducing the occurrence of silage material clogging the first through hole.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Please refer to Figures 6-7This third embodiment provides a silage harvesting and baling device based on the second embodiment. The side wall of the third compartment 401 is provided with a horizontal chute, and a plate-shaped component 7 is slidably connected to the horizontal chute. The plate-shaped component 7 can be made of metal or plastic. The plate-shaped component 7 has several second through holes that are interference-fitted with the water injection needle 6. The needle tip of the water injection needle 6 is detachably fixed to the needle tube. The detachable fixed connection can be a threaded connection or a magnetic connection. When water is injected using the first through hole 601 on the side wall of the water injection needle, some small pieces of silage material may enter the first through hole and cause blockage of the needle tube. When no water injection operation is performed on the silage material, water can be directly injected into the needle. Water is used to flush away the silage material that has entered the first through hole 601, but it is difficult to remove impurities that have entered the needle tube. By setting the needle to a detachable structure and using the side wall of the plate to block the first through hole 601 on the side wall of the needle tube, water can be passed through the needle tube after the needle is removed, thus cleaning the impurities inside the needle tube. The thickness of the plate 7 is the same as the length of the water replenishment needle tube 6 to ensure that all the first through holes 601 on the water replenishment needle tube are blocked during cleaning. In addition, the hole wall of the second through hole 701 is provided with a sealing ring to enhance the sealing between the hole wall of the second through hole 701 and the water replenishment needle tube when cleaning the water replenishment needle tube 6, thereby improving the flushing effect.

[0054] In use, first move the water supply needle 6 to the top, slide the plate 7 until the second through hole 701 is vertically aligned with the water supply needle, move the water supply needle 6 into the second through hole of the plate 7 until the first through hole 601 of the water supply needle 6 is located in the channel of the second through hole 701, remove the needle tip and start the water supply equipment to clean the inside of the water supply needle 6. As a preferred solution, the needle tip of the water supply needle 6 is magnetically connected to the needle tube. By increasing the water pressure of the water supply equipment, the impurities in the water supply needle 6 can be cleaned. Compared with the threaded connection, the disassembly process is saved.

[0055] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0056] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises a feeding unit (1), a dehydration unit (2), a control unit (3) and a packaging unit (4) for packaging materials, the feeding unit (1) comprises a first bin body (101) and a weighing member (102) for measuring the weight of materials in the first bin body (101), the first bin body (101) is provided with a first feeding port and a first discharging port, the dehydration unit (2) is a spin dryer provided with a second feeding port and a second discharging port, and conveying devices (5) for conveying materials are arranged between the feeding unit (1) and the dehydration unit (2), between the dehydration unit (2) and the packaging unit (4) and between the feeding unit (1) and the packaging unit (4); The control unit (3) determines the conveying direction of the materials based on the weight parameter obtained from the weighing member (102), when the weight parameter is higher than a weight threshold value, the control unit (3) drives the conveying device (5) to convey the materials from the feeding unit (1) to the dehydration unit (2), and after dehydration treatment, the materials are conveyed to the packaging unit (4) for packaging; when the weight parameter is lower than or equal to the weight threshold value, the control unit (3) drives the conveying device (5) to convey the materials from the feeding unit (1) to the packaging unit (4) for packaging, and the control unit (3) is also used for controlling the power and time length of the spin dryer operation based on the weight parameter; The packaging unit (4) is fixedly provided with a third bin body (401), the third bin body (401) is provided with a third feeding port and a third discharging port, the top of the third bin body (401) is provided with a plurality of water supplementing needle tubes (6) which can move in the vertical direction, the water supplementing needle tubes (6) are vertically arranged and connected with a water supply device through pipelines, and the control unit (3) is also used for controlling the movement of the water supplementing needle tubes (6) and the operating power and time length of the water supply device based on the weight data; the side wall of the third bin body (401) is provided with a horizontal sliding groove, the horizontal sliding groove is slidingly connected with a plate-shaped member (7), the plate-shaped member (7) is provided with a plurality of second through holes (701) which are in interference fit with the water supplementing needle tubes (6), the needle tip of the water supplementing needle tube (6) is detachably fixedly connected with the needle tube, and the thickness of the plate-shaped member (7) is the same as the length of the water supplementing needle tube (6).

2. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, The rotation axis of the spin dryer is in the horizontal direction, the spin dryer is provided with a second bin body (201) for accommodating materials, the second bin body (201) is fixedly provided with a ventilation port (210) with a filter screen and fixedly connected with a blowing component (211) with an air outlet directed to the inside of the second bin body (201).

3. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The dehydration unit (2) is fixedly connected with a material injection hopper (203) for injecting additives into the second bin body (201), the second bin body (201) is provided with an injection port (212) and the injection port (212) is movably connected with a cover plate (213), the air outlet of the blowing component (211) is movably connected with a baffle (214), and the control unit (3) is also used for controlling the injection of the material injection hopper (203), the start and stop of the blowing component (211) and the opening and closing of the cover plate (213) and the baffle (214).

4. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, The needle tip of the water supplement needle tube (6) is in a sealed shape and a first through hole (601) is formed in the side wall.

5. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 2 wherein, The second cartridge body (201) is further fixed with a drying component for heating the internal space of the second cartridge body (201).

6. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 4 wherein, The first through hole (601) includes a water outlet on the outer wall of the water supplement needle tube (6) and a water inlet on the inner wall of the water supplement needle tube (6), and the water inlet is located below the water outlet in the vertical direction.

7. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, The third cartridge body (401) is in a hollow straight quadrangular prism shape, the third cartridge body (401) includes a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall and a fourth side wall, the first side wall and the second side wall are symmetrical along the center point of the third cartridge body (401), and the third side wall and the fourth side wall are symmetrical along the center point of the third cartridge body (401); The first side wall is connected with a first pressing plate (402) through a first telescopic piece, the second side wall is connected with a second pressing plate (403) through a second telescopic piece, the plate surface of the first pressing plate (402), the plate surface of the second pressing plate (403), the bottom wall of the third cartridge body (401), the top wall of the third cartridge body (401), the third side wall and the fourth side wall are all attached with a plastic sealing film which can be detachably connected, and the first pressing plate (402) and the second pressing plate (403) are both provided with a packaging component for packaging the plastic sealing film; The control unit (3) is further used for controlling the telescoping of the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece and the operation of the packaging component.

8. A silage harvesting and baling apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, The first cartridge body (101) is provided with a vibration piece for vibrating the first cartridge body (101), the top of the first cartridge body (101) is provided with a third pressing plate which can move in the vertical direction within the first cartridge body, the side edge of the third pressing plate is attached to the inner wall of the first cartridge body (101), and the third pressing plate is provided with a vertical air hole.

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