A biological sample detection system and detection method based on visual detection

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of biological sample detection, and in particular to a biological sample detection system based on visual detection and a detection method thereof, wherein two primary guide rods are provided, both sides of a follower plate and a bottom plate are provided on the two primary guide rods, and the follower plate and the bottom plate are parallel to each other, a plurality of ejector rods matched with through holes are provided on the bottom plate, and a plurality of positioning rods having the same number as the ejector rods are provided on the follower plate; the two primary guide rods are connected by a baffle plate, the baffle plate is located between the follower plate and the bottom plate, and a plurality of guide holes matched with the positioning rods are opened on the baffle plate, a lifting device is provided on the bottom plate, and the lifting device is used to drive the bottom plate to move toward the follower plate; a conveying device is also provided on the bracket, which is used to solve the technical problem that in the process of automated detection, the structure of the test kit will block part of the test tube, so that the camera cannot completely and clearly capture the sample capacity in the test tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological sample detection, and in particular to a biological sample detection system based on visual detection and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Biological samples usually include various liquid biological substances from plants, animals, microorganisms, etc., such as body fluids, extracts, etc. The capacity, quality and appearance characteristics of these liquid biological substances are important indicators for detecting their integrity and applicability. In order to quickly and accurately analyze these liquid biological substance samples, biological sample detection systems have come into being. However, in the prior art, when the test tubes are in the reagent box, manually taking out the test tubes one by one and judging their capacity has the problems of low efficiency and reduced accuracy; and for samples of liquid biological substances, manual taking out one by one will cause different degrees of shaking. When the degree of shaking is too high, it will cause the components in the sample of liquid biological substances to be stratified or locally aggregated. The uneven sample state will accelerate the occurrence of some chemical and biological reactions, reducing the overall stability of the sample.

[0003] In contrast, automated detection systems can quickly and accurately capture and analyze the volume of liquid biological material samples in test tubes, thereby improving detection efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for automated detection systems for liquid biological material analysis technology to meet the needs of rapid and accurate detection of large quantities of samples. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a biological sample detection system and a detection method thereof based on visual detection, so as to solve the technical problem of how to achieve batch detection of samples through an automated visual detection system.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A biological sample detection system based on visual detection comprises a detection box with an opening, a bracket arranged in the detection box, and a moving plate arranged on the bracket, and further comprises a follower plate, a bottom plate, a capacity measuring camera fixed on the upper part of the bracket, a reading camera arranged at the lower part of the bracket, and a display screen arranged on the detection box, wherein a reading light source is arranged on the reading camera, a reagent box is located on the upper surface of the moving plate, and a plurality of through holes matching the holes of the reagent box are opened on the upper surface of the moving plate, and a plurality of test tubes are placed in the reagent box;

[0007] Two primary guide rods are arranged on the bracket, and both sides of the follower plate and the bottom plate are arranged on the two primary guide rods, and the follower plate and the bottom plate are parallel to each other, and a plurality of push rods matching with the through holes are arranged on the bottom plate, and a plurality of positioning rods having the same number as the push rods are arranged on the follower plate, and the positioning rods are connected to the follower plate through an outer tube, and the inner wall of the outer tube is sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning rods, and the positioning rods are connected to the bottom wall of the outer tube through an elastic buffer, and the plurality of push rods and the plurality of positioning rods are in one-to-one correspondence; the two primary guide rods are connected by a baffle, and the baffle is located between the follower plate and the bottom plate, and a plurality of guide holes are opened on the baffle;

[0008] It also includes an adjustment component arranged in the detection box body, the adjustment component includes a lifting device and a driving device, the lifting device is arranged on the bottom plate, the lifting device is used to drive the bottom plate to move in the direction of the follower plate; the driving device is used to drive the follower plate to move, the speed of the follower plate moving is lower than the speed of the bottom plate moving, when the follower plate and the moving plate move upward at the same time, the push rod drives the test tube to contact the positioning rod, the positioning rod moves in the outer tube and squeezes the elastic buffer, the push rod rises until the positioning rod stops moving in the outer tube, and the capacity measurement camera works at this time;

[0009] A conveying device is also arranged on the bracket, and the conveying device drives the reagent box on the movable plate to move above the lifting device.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving device also includes two secondary guide rods arranged on the follower plate, the two sides of the follower plate are slidably arranged on the primary guide rod, first threaded holes are opened on the two sides of the follower plate, threaded sections matching the first threaded holes are opened on the secondary guide rod, the ends of the secondary guide rods are movably passed through the baffle plate and the bottom plate in sequence and then extend outward, and driven gears are arranged on the extended ends of the two secondary guide rods;

[0011] The lifting device includes a connecting block arranged on a base plate, a second threaded hole arranged on the connecting block, a first screw rod matched with the second threaded hole, an end of the first screw rod connected to a three-stage motor, a driving gear meshing with two driven gears arranged on the first screw rod, and the number of teeth of the driving gear has a diameter of A, the number of teeth of the driven gear has a diameter of B, and A is less than B.

[0012] Furthermore, a limit cylinder covering the first threaded hole is provided on the follower plate, a limit hole connected to the outside is opened on the limit cylinder, a matching plate is slidably arranged in the limit cylinder, a limit pin is arranged on the matching plate, and the secondary guide rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the matching plate, and a part of the limit pin is located in the limit hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the two primary guide rods are also connected by a limit plate, and a compression spring is arranged on the local outer wall of the primary guide rod, one end of the two compression springs are connected to the limit plate, and the other ends of the two compression springs are connected to the follower plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressing block is provided on the positioning rod, and the end of the pressing block is tapered.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide rail is provided on the bracket, a moving block is provided on the guide rail, the reading camera is provided on the moving block, and a third threaded hole is provided on the moving block, a second screw rod is provided in the third threaded hole, and the second screw rod is connected to the output end of the primary motor.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide hole is conical, a conical cylinder is installed in the guide hole, and a plurality of groups of extrusion structures are opened along the inner wall of the conical cylinder from top to bottom. The extrusion structure includes a plurality of mounting holes arranged at intervals along the inner circumferential wall of the conical cylinder. The mounting hole is filled with a rubber block, a ball is movably contacted on the rubber block, and a flange is provided in the mounting hole. In the initial state, a part of the ball is placed outside the mounting hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a groove for placing the reagent kit is arranged on the movable plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a trigger block and a transmission wheel group rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the detection box body, the transmission wheel group includes two transmission shafts rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the detection box body, the end of any transmission shaft is connected to the secondary motor, a primary gear and two secondary gears are arranged on the transmission shaft, both the primary gear and the secondary gear are half gears, the primary gear is located between the two secondary gears, the two primary gears are connected by a primary toothed belt, the two secondary gears on the two rotating shafts are respectively connected by secondary toothed belts, the trigger block is located on the primary toothed belt and the secondary toothed belt, and the relative inner walls of the detection box body are slidably connected by two sliding plates, sliding grooves are respectively opened on the relative side walls of the two sliding plates, both sides of the moving plate are respectively slidably arranged in the sliding grooves, and the sliding plate is connected to the trigger block through a connecting rod, a moving groove is arranged on the inner wall of the detection box body, and the trigger block is slidably arranged in the moving groove.

[0019] A method for detecting biological samples based on visual detection comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: Place the test kit on the mobile plate, and after placement, push the mobile plate into the test box;

[0021] S2: Read the QR code on the bottom of the test tube in the test kit by taking a photo with a camera;

[0022] S3: driving the secondary motor to move the movable plate horizontally to the top of the ejector rod, so that the test tubes in the first row are aligned with the ejector rod below;

[0023] S4: driving the three-stage motor to drive the ejector rod to lift the test tube in the test kit, so that the end of the test tube contacts the positioning rod and continues to move to the photographing area of ​​the capacity measurement camera;

[0024] S5: Wait for the capacity measurement camera to take a picture and complete the determination of the number of test tubes and the liquid capacity in the test tubes;

[0025] S6: After completion, the ejector pin is reset and the test tube is returned to the reagent box;

[0026] S7: driving the secondary motor again to continue to move the moving plate horizontally, the reagent box is translated to the position of the next row of test tubes, and the next row is measured, and steps S4-S6 are repeated until the capacity detection of each row of test tubes in the reagent box is completed;

[0027] S8: After the capacity test of each row of test tubes is completed,

[0028] S9: Push the movable plate out of the detection box, remove the test kit on the movable plate, and end.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] In the present application, the end of the test tube is pushed out of the guide hole by the push rod and then contacts the positioning rod. The positioning rod can strengthen the positioning effect of the test tube, so that the test tube is always kept in a vertical state without shaking. After the test tube is completely pushed out of the guide hole by the push rod, the camera takes a picture and completes the judgment of the number of test tubes and the liquid volume in the test tube. After completion, the push rod is reset, and the test tube is also returned to the reagent box. The reagent box is translated to the position of the next row of test tubes, and then the next row is measured. It is used to solve the technical problem that the staff needs to take out the test tubes one by one for capacity judgment, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the accuracy and reliability of manual capacity judgment will also decrease in the case of large-scale and fast operation; and the primary gear and the secondary gear are set to adopt an alternating transmission method, which can be used to realize the step-by-step transmission of the reagent box. This transmission method can not only reduce impact and vibration, but also ensure the smooth operation of the entire system, effectively reduce the probability of fluctuations in the liquid level in the test tube, not only avoid the wall hanging caused by the viscous solution, which will affect the later image recognition, but also avoid the problem of stratification or local aggregation of components in the sample of liquid biological substances when the shaking degree is too high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection box of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure inside the detection box of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the primary guide rod, the follower plate and the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the conical cylinder and the test tube of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in FIG.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the limiting cylinder and the secondary guide rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the motion coordination between the limiting cylinder and the secondary guide rod of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the transmission shaft and the primary gear and the secondary gear of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the primary gear and the secondary gear of the present invention and the primary toothed belt and the secondary toothed belt respectively;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the outer cylinder and the positioning rod of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 This is an image of the test tube sample of the present invention after image processing.

[0043] The reference numerals represent: 1-detection box; 2-display screen; 3-opening; 4-moving plate; 5-test kit; 6-guide rail; 7-primary motor; 8-moving block; 9-primary guide rod; 10-connecting rod; 11-trigger block; 12-transmission wheel set; 121-transmission shaft; 122-secondary gear; 123-primary gear; 124-primary toothed belt; 125-secondary toothed belt; 13-secondary motor; 14-capacitance measurement camera; 15-baffle; 16-follow-up plate; 17-compression spring; 18-positioning rod; 19-limit Position plate; 20-reading light source; 21-bottom plate; 22-three-stage motor; 23-reading camera; 24-bracket; 25-limiting cylinder; 26-secondary guide rod; 27-top rod; 28-first screw rod; 29-driving gear; 30-driven gear; 31-limiting hole; 32-limiting pin; 33-threaded section; 34-test tube; 35-down pressure block; 36-conical cylinder; 37-rubber block; 38-ball; 39-connecting block; 40-second screw rod; 41-sliding plate; 42-matching plate; 43-guide hole; 44-outer cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation modes and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual development and use stage. Example

[0045] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a biological sample detection system based on visual detection includes a detection box 1 with an opening 3, a bracket 24 arranged in the detection box 1, and a moving plate 4 arranged on the bracket 24, and also includes a follower plate 16, a bottom plate 21, a capacity measurement camera 14 fixed on the upper part of the bracket 24, a reading camera 23 arranged at the lower part of the bracket 24, and a display screen 2 arranged on the detection box 1, the reading camera 23 is provided with a reading light source 20, a reagent box 5 is located on the upper surface of the moving plate 4, and a plurality of through holes matching the holes of the reagent box 5 are opened on the upper surface of the moving plate 4, and a plurality of test tubes 34 are placed in the reagent box 5;

[0046] Two primary guide rods 9 are arranged on the bracket 24, and both sides of the follower plate 16 and the bottom plate 21 are arranged on the two primary guide rods 9, and the follower plate 16 and the bottom plate 21 are parallel to each other, and a plurality of ejector rods 27 matching with the through holes are arranged on the bottom plate 21, and a plurality of positioning rods 18 having the same number as the ejector rods 27 are arranged on the follower plate 16, and the positioning rods 18 are connected to the follower plate 16 through an outer cylinder 44, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 44 is sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning rods 18, and the positioning rods 18 are connected to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder 44 through an elastic buffer, and a plurality of ejector rods 27 and a plurality of positioning rods 18 are in one-to-one correspondence; the two primary guide rods 9 are connected by a baffle 15, and the baffle 15 is located between the follower plate 16 and the bottom plate 21, and a plurality of guide holes 43 are opened on the baffle 15;

[0047] It also includes an adjustment component arranged in the detection box 1, and the adjustment component includes a lifting device and a driving device. The lifting device is arranged on the bottom plate 21, and the lifting device is used to drive the bottom plate 21 to move in the direction of the follower plate 16; the driving device is used to drive the follower plate 16 to move, and the speed of the follower plate 16 is less than the speed of the bottom plate 21. When the follower plate 16 and the moving plate 4 move upward at the same time, the push rod 27 drives the test tube 34 to contact the positioning rod 18, and the positioning rod 18 moves in the outer tube 44 and squeezes the elastic buffer. The push rod 27 rises until the positioning rod 18 stops moving in the outer tube 44, and the capacity measurement camera 14 works at this time;

[0048] A conveying device is also provided on the support 24, and the conveying device drives the reagent box 5 on the movable plate 4 to move above the lifting device.

[0049] In order to eject the test tube 34 in the reagent box 5, a hole is generally provided in the reagent box 5. The outer wall of the test tube 34 is generally designed in a conical shape, with one end being smaller and the other end being larger. When the test tube 34 is placed in the reagent box 5, the smaller end will pass through the hole and enter the box, while the larger end will be stuck on the edge of the hole to prevent the test tube 34 from falling;

[0050] The loading and unloading of materials in the present application are carried out manually. When loading, one or two reagent kits 5 are manually placed on the movable plate 4. The reagent kit 5 and the movable plate 4 can be locked by a buckle. The buckle here does not limit the specific structure. After the locking is completed, the movable plate 4 is pushed into the detection box 1. At this time, the reading camera 23 in the detection box 1 shoots the QR code at the bottom of the test tube 34 in the reagent kit 5. Then, the movable plate 4 drives the reagent kit 5 to move to the top of the lifting device under the action of the conveying device. The conveying device mentioned here can be a belt conveyor. The sliding of the movable plate 4 is not subject to specific structural restrictions. It can be provided with two sliding frames for sliding in the detection box 1. The sliding frames can be moved by the belt conveyor. The two sides of the movable plate 4 are slidingly provided in the two sliding frames. When the reagent kit 5 on the movable plate 4 is equipped, the movable plate 4 is pushed onto the detection box 1. The belt conveyor drives the reagent kit 5 on the movable plate 4 to move to the top of the lifting device through the sliding frame. The lifting device can be a push rod motor or a hydraulic cylinder. The lifting device drives the bottom plate 21 in the following manner: Figure 3 The bottom plate 21 is moved toward the follower plate 16 in the direction shown, and the two sides of the bottom plate 21 are slidably arranged on the primary guide rods 9, so the lifting device can drive the bottom plate 21 to move on the primary guide rods 9. The lifting device drives the push rod 27 on the bottom plate 21 to move toward the through hole, and the push rod 27 will apply a force in the direction of the follower plate 16 to the test tube 34 in the reagent box 5, so that the test tube 34 will first enter the guide hole 43 provided on the baffle 15. The purpose of setting the baffle 15 is to prevent the test tubes 34 on the adjacent two sides from being brought out when the test tube 34 is ejected, thereby affecting the image recognition, so that the non-current test tube 34 can be prevented from being ejected by mistake. The guide hole 43 provided on the baffle 15 can also prevent the risk of the test tube 34 being tilted after being pushed out of the reagent box 5. Therefore, the guide hole 43 has a positioning function. The test tube 34 can pass through the guide hole 43 and contact the positioning rod 18. The positioning rod 18 can strengthen the positioning effect of the test tube 34, so that the test tube 34 always remains in a vertical state and does not shake. The guide hole 43 and the positioning rod 18 are set at a specific distance. The distance is close, and the end of the test tube 34 can contact the positioning rod 18 after passing through the guide hole 43.

[0051] When the lifting device drives the bottom plate 21 to move upward, the driving device also drives the follower plate 16 to move upward. Since the upward speed of the follower plate 16 is lower than the upward speed of the bottom plate 21, when the bottom plate 21 drives the push rod 27 to lift its test tube 34, within a certain period of time, the end of the test tube 34 will contact the positioning rod 18. At this time, the bottom of the test tube 34 is still placed in the guide hole 43, and the test tube 34 as a whole remains in a vertical state. Due to the speed difference between the push plate and the positioning rod 18, although the test tube 34 has contacted the positioning rod 18, the push rod 27 will continue to lift the positioning rod 18 through the test tube 34, so that the positioning rod 18 is subjected to pressure. The elastic buffer member here It can be a spring. The positioning rod 18 squeezes the spring, and the spring is deformed under force until the positioning rod 18 moves in the outer tube 44 to reach the limit of the spring. At this time, the positioning rod 18 cannot move. This position is also the detection range of the capacity measurement camera 14. The capacity measurement camera 14 can be started by setting a sensor in the outer tube 44. When the spring is compressed to the limit, the capacity measurement camera 14 is driven to work. It can also be driven to work within a certain period of time. Therefore, by setting the upward movement of the follower plate 16, the degree of squeezing of the test tube 34 can also be reduced, and the test tube 34 can be moved smoothly to the optimal position for measurement. The driving device is not limited to the specific structure here, and can be a hydraulic cylinder.

[0052] After the test tube 34 is completely ejected from the guide hole 43 by the ejector 27, the camera 23 is read to take pictures and complete the judgment of the number of test tubes 34 and the liquid capacity in the test tube 34. After completion, the ejector 27 is reset, and the test tube 34 is also returned to the reagent box 5. The reagent box 5 is translated to the position of the next row of test tubes 34, and then the next row of test tubes 34 is measured. When unqualified test tube 34 samples are detected, they can be displayed on the display screen 2, which is convenient for the operator to take out the corresponding unqualified test tube 34 samples, so that it solves the technical problem that the staff needs to take out the test tubes 34 one by one for capacity judgment, which is time-consuming and laborious, and in the case of large-scale and fast operation, the accuracy and reliability of manual judgment of capacity will also decrease, and the batch operation of automated detection samples is realized, which improves efficiency and accuracy, and can also reduce the degree of squeezing of the test tube 34, and can make the test tube 34 move smoothly to the best position for measurement, avoiding the test tube 34 shaking multiple times to cause the wall of the test tube 34 to hang on the wall, thereby causing measurement and recognition errors. The test tube 34 can withstand a relatively large gravity stress, and the follower plate 16 is made of a light material.

[0053] Furthermore, when the test tube 34 is in the reagent box 5, the structure of the reagent box 5 may block part of the test tube 34, so that the camera cannot completely and clearly capture the sample volume in the test tube 34. Therefore, the present application can ensure that the test tube 34 is completely exposed to the camera field of view by ejecting the test tube 34, avoiding any obstruction, so that the camera can completely detect the volume of the sample in the test tube 34. Detecting the volume of the sample is also to avoid the possible leakage and evaporation of the sample in the test tube 34.

[0054] Reading function steps in the camera 23: First, capture the image through the camera to obtain the original image data. Next, preprocess the image, including filtering and morphological processing, to remove noise and enhance image quality. Then, use the contour detection function of OpenCV to detect the circular edges in the image, which represent the bottom of the test tube. Draw these circular edges on the original image and count the number of test tubes 34. Next, use OpenCV again to detect and identify the two-dimensional code for the circular area detected in the previous step. In this way, the two-dimensional code information on each test tube 34 can be obtained. Finally, the results of the entire process are output, including the number of test tubes 34 and the content of the two-dimensional code on each test tube 34.

[0055] The steps of measuring the volume measurement camera 14 are as follows: First, the camera captures the image to obtain the original image. Then the image is preprocessed, including filtering and morphological processing, to remove noise and enhance image quality. In the preprocessed image, there will be obvious morphological differences between the part with the sample and the blank part. Using this feature, the dividing line is detected by image processing, that is, the volume line, such as Fig.11 As shown, the highlighted area represents the area where the sample is located.

[0056] Next, we need to judge whether it is qualified according to the area where the sample is located. If the sample filling volume exceeds the set upper limit, it is judged as unqualified; if the sample filling volume is less than the set lower limit, it is also judged as unqualified. Only within the set qualified range can it be judged as qualified. The capacity measurement camera 14 and the reading camera 23 both use the prior art Maideweishi MV-SUA502M-T1V-C-90.

[0057] This system consists of two parts: a host computer and a detector. The detector is responsible for receiving instructions from the host computer and performing image acquisition tasks, including using a capacity measurement camera to obtain sample capacity information, and using a reading camera to obtain sample barcodes, labels and other data. After completing image acquisition, the detector will transmit the acquired image data to the host computer. The host computer, as a control system, can be implemented by hardware such as an industrial computer, a single-chip microcomputer or an Android terminal, and controls the movement of the relevant mechanical equipment in this application.

[0058] Specifically, the host computer first obtains the image data collected by the detector. Then, it will perform relevant identification and processing based on the pre-known information that the container being tested is a fixed plate with 8 rows and 12 columns. Through the steps mentioned above, the host computer can complete the sample loading detection of each row of samples and store the results in a two-dimensional array. This two-dimensional array represents the sample loading status of the entire board. Next, the host computer can convert the content of this two-dimensional array into a visual interface and display it on the display screen. In this way, the operator can intuitively see the loading status of each sample.

[0059] It should be noted that the driving device further includes two secondary guide rods 26 arranged on the follower plate 16, both sides of the follower plate 16 are slidably arranged on the primary guide rod 9, first threaded holes are provided on both sides of the follower plate 16, and threaded sections 33 cooperating with the first threaded holes are provided on the secondary guide rods 26. The ends of the secondary guide rods 26 are movably passed through the baffle plate 15 and the bottom plate 21 in sequence and then extend outwards, and driven gears 30 are provided on the extended ends of the two secondary guide rods 26;

[0060] The lifting device includes a connecting block 39 arranged on the base plate 21, a second threaded hole arranged on the connecting block 39, a first screw rod 28 matched with the second threaded hole, an end of the first screw rod 28 is connected to the three-stage motor 22, and a driving gear 29 meshing with two driven gears 30 is arranged on the first screw rod 28, and the number of teeth of the driving gear 29 has a diameter of A, and the number of teeth of the driven gear 30 has a diameter of B, and A is less than B.

[0061] In the present application, the first screw rod 28 is driven to rotate by the three-stage motor 22, and the first screw rod 28 drives the two secondary guide rods 26 to rotate through the driving gear 29 and the driven gear 30. Since the connecting block 39 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 21, and the two sides of the bottom plate 21 are slidably arranged on the two primary guide rods 9, the thread on the first screw rod 28 is meshed with the thread inside the connecting block 39. When the first screw rod 28 rotates, due to the spiral shape of the thread, the connecting block 39 cannot follow the rotation, so it will be forced to move along the axis direction of the first screw rod 28, and the bottom plate 21 moves toward the follower plate 16. When the two secondary guide rods 26 rotate, the thread section 33 on the secondary guide rod 26 cooperates with the first threaded hole on the follower plate 16. When the thread section 33 on the secondary guide rod 26 rotates, due to the spiral shape of the thread, the follower plate 16 cannot follow the rotation, so it will be forced to move along the axis direction of the secondary guide rod 26.

[0062] In the present application, the diameter of the number of teeth of the driving gear 29 is A, which is smaller than the diameter of the number of teeth of the driven gear 30 is B, which means that the number of teeth of the driven gear 30 must be greater than the number of teeth of the driving gear 29, so the speed of the driven gear 30 is slower than that of the driving gear 29. For example, if the driving gear 29 rotates one circle, the driven gear 30 rotates half a circle at this time, which causes the secondary guide rod 26 to rotate slowly, so that the positioning rod 18 on the follower plate 16 also moves up slowly. When the push rod 27 starts to lift the test tube 34, the difference in movement speed between the positioning rod 18 and the push rod 27 ensures that the extrusion force on the test tube 34 during the process of lifting it to the shooting range of the volume measurement camera 14 is within a reasonable range. If the follower plate 16 does not move upward, the test tube 34 will bear all the lifting force, which may cause excessive squeezing pressure; but when the positioning rod 18 on the follower plate 16 moves upward slowly, it can share part of the lifting load, avoiding excessive squeezing caused by the rapid lifting of the ejector rod 27, and ensuring that the test tube 34 moves upward smoothly and remains intact.

[0063] It should be noted that a limit cylinder 25 covering the first threaded hole is also provided on the follower plate 16, and a limit hole 31 connected to the outside is opened on the limit cylinder 25, a matching plate 42 is slidably provided in the limit cylinder 25, a limit pin 32 is provided on the matching plate 42, and the secondary guide rod 26 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the matching plate 42, and a part of the limit pin 32 is located in the limit hole 31.

[0064] In the present application, when the secondary guide rod 26 drives the follower plate 16 to move upward or downward, the stop pin 32 moves until it contacts the hole wall of the stop hole 31. At this time, the stop pin 32 will prevent the secondary guide rod 26 from continuing to move upward or downward, that is, when the secondary guide rod 26 drives the follower plate 16 to move upward, the contact between the stop pin 32 and the hole wall limits the maximum upward movement distance of the follower plate 16, and this maximum upward movement distance is just enough to make the test tube 34 within the shooting range, and the rotation of the secondary guide rod 26 is always in rotational contact with the matching plate 42, which can avoid the secondary guide rod 26 from contacting the top of the stop cylinder 25, resulting in damage to the top of the stop cylinder 25.

[0065] This ensures that the test tube 34 stays within the shooting range of the volume measurement camera 14; at the same time, a sensor is installed in the detection box 1 to monitor the movement of the follower plate 16. When it is detected that the follower plate 16 stops moving up, the controller instructs the three-stage motor 22 to stop working. In addition, a laser sensor is used to measure the upward distance of the follower plate 16 in real time, and the three-stage motor 22 is stopped after the measured value meets the preset conditions. This can not only accurately locate the position of the test tube 34, but also ensure the efficiency and reliability of the automation process.

[0066] It should be noted that the two primary guide rods 9 are also connected by a limit plate 19, and a compression spring 17 is arranged on the local outer wall of the primary guide rod 9, one end of the two compression springs 17 are connected to the limit plate 19, and the other ends of the two compression springs 17 are connected to the follower plate 16. When the follower plate 16 moves, the compression spring 17 can absorb the impact force and vibration, thereby reducing the impact when the follower plate 16 moves; and by connecting the limit plate 19 and the follower plate 16 respectively by two compression springs 17, it can ensure that the follower plate 16 is subjected to uniform force, prevent tilting or deviation caused by unilateral force, and improve the stability and accuracy of the entire system.

[0067] It should be noted that a pressing block 35 is provided on the positioning rod 18, and the end of the pressing block 35 is tapered. Since the contact area between the tapered shape and the bottom of the test tube 34 is small and concentrated, the test tube 34 can be effectively prevented from tilting.

[0068] It should be noted that a guide rail 6 is also provided on the bracket 24, a moving block 8 is provided on the guide rail 6, the reading camera 23 is provided on the moving block 8, and a third threaded hole is also provided on the moving block 8, a second screw rod 40 is provided in the third threaded hole, and the second screw rod 40 is connected to the output end of the primary motor 7. Therefore, when the primary motor 7 drives the second screw rod 40 to rotate, the moving block 8 will move on the axis of the second screw rod 40, so the moving block 8 will drive the reading camera 23 to move, expanding the moving range of the reading camera 23, and can realize the reading of two reagent kits 5. The reading camera 23 is set on the moving block 8 through a clamping member to ensure the stability of the reading camera 23.

[0069] It should be noted that the conveying device includes a trigger block 11 and a transmission wheel group 12 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the detection box 1, the transmission wheel group 12 includes two transmission shafts 121 rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the same side of the detection box 1, and the end of any transmission shaft 121 is connected to the secondary motor 13. A primary gear 123 and two secondary gears 122 are arranged on the transmission shaft 121. The primary gear 123 and the secondary gear 122 are both half gears. The primary gear 123 is located between the two secondary gears 122. The two primary gears 123 are connected by a primary toothed belt 124. The two secondary gears 122 on the two transmission shafts 121 are respectively connected by secondary toothed belts 125. The trigger block 11 is located on the primary toothed belt 124 and the secondary toothed belt 125, and the detection box 1 is connected to the detection box 1 through the inner wall. The two sliding plates 41 are slidably connected, and sliding grooves are respectively provided on the opposite side walls of the two sliding plates 41. The two sides of the movable plate 4 are respectively slidably set in the sliding grooves, and any sliding plate 41 is connected to the trigger block 11 through a connecting rod 10. A moving groove is provided on the inner wall of the detection box 1, and the trigger block 11 is slidably set in the moving groove; the two ends of the sliding plate 41 are respectively slidably set on the opposite side walls of the detection box 1. Regarding the connection relationship between the two sliding plates 41, it can be set that the bottoms of the two sliding plates 41 are connected by a connecting rod, and the movement of one sliding plate 41 can drive the movement of the other sliding plate 41. It can also be set that the two ends of the movable plate 4 are respectively matched with the two sliding plates 41 as sliders and sliding grooves, so that the movable plate 4 will not be separated from the two sliding plates 41 when it moves.

[0070] In the present application, the output end of the secondary motor 13 is connected to the transmission shaft 121. When the transmission shaft 121 rotates, the primary gear 123 and the secondary gear 122 will sequentially drive the corresponding toothed belt to move. The primary gear 123 and the secondary gear 122 adopt an alternating transmission mode, which can be used to realize the stepping transmission of the reagent box 5. This transmission mode can not only reduce shock and vibration, but also ensure the smooth operation of the entire system.

[0071] When the two secondary gears 122 complete the transmission of their half-tooth parts, the primary gear 123 will start to rotate. After the primary gear 123 rotates, the two secondary gears 122 start to rotate again. This alternating transmission mode makes the movement of the entire system smoother, without sudden starts and stops, and the gears and toothed belts are always in meshing state; for the movement of the reagent box 5, this multi-gear combination transmission method can ensure that the system remains stable after each row of test tubes 34 is moved and adjusted. This can effectively reduce the probability of fluctuations in the liquid level in the test tube 34 and avoid wall sticking to viscous solutions, which will affect subsequent image recognition; the above-mentioned half gears, such as Figure 8 As shown, the half gears of the primary gear 123 and the secondary gear 122 are in opposite directions.

[0072] After the reagent kit 5 is placed on the movable plate 4, the movable plate 4 is pushed into the detection box 1, that is, the movable plate 4 slides in the sliding groove, and then the transmission shaft 121 drives the trigger block 11 to move through the primary toothed belt 124 and the secondary toothed belt 125, so that the reagent kit 5 on the movable plate 4 can move more smoothly. Such a setting avoids the stratification or local aggregation of components in the sample of liquid biological substances when the shaking degree is too high, and the uneven sample state will accelerate the occurrence of some chemical and biological reactions, reducing the overall stability of the sample.

[0073] It should be noted that the guide hole 43 is conical, and a conical cylinder 36 is installed in the guide hole 43. A plurality of extrusion structures are provided along the inner wall of the conical cylinder 36 from top to bottom. The extrusion structures include a plurality of mounting holes spaced apart along the inner circumferential wall of the conical cylinder 36. The mounting holes are filled with rubber blocks 37. Balls 38 are in movable contact with the rubber blocks 37. A flange is provided in the mounting hole. In the initial state, a part of the ball 38 is placed outside the mounting hole.

[0074] In the present application, since the balls 38 are arranged on the conical cylinder 36, the diameter of the conical cylinder 36 decreases from bottom to top, so the diameter of the balls 38 at different height positions will also decrease accordingly. For example, assuming that three groups of extrusion structures are arranged, the three groups of extrusion structures are located in three different height areas on the conical cylinder 36. In the area close to the push rod 27, the diameter of the balls 38 on the same layer is 3 mm; in the area close to the positioning rod 18 of the conical cylinder 36, the diameter of the balls 38 on the same layer is 1 mm; in the area of ​​the middle layer, the diameter of the balls 38 on the same layer is 2 mm; the test tube 34 is pushed into the guide hole 43 through the push rod 27. When the end of the test tube 34 contacts the balls 38 in the guide hole 43, the balls 38 will first be squeezed by the closed end cover of the test tube 34, so that the balls 38 move into the mounting hole and squeeze the rubber block 37. In this process, the rubber block 37 will produce a certain elastic deformation, which plays a buffering role. Subsequently, when the test tube 34 continues to rise, the elastic force of the rubber block 37 causes the ball 38 to come into contact with the outer wall of the test tube 34, further smoothing the rising process of the test tube 34. This arrangement can not only reduce the impact force of the push rod 27 on the test tube 34 during the lifting process, but also absorb and dissipate part of the impact energy, avoiding fluctuations and overflow of the liquid due to severe impact. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the ball 38 and the rubber block 37 can also ensure that the rising process of the test tube 34 is more stable and avoids severe shaking.

[0075] And for the case where the outer wall of the test tube 34 is tapered, as Figure 4As shown, the outer diameter of the test tube 34 decreases from top to bottom, so the gap between the test tube 34 and each area of ​​the guide hole 43 is different. By setting the synergistic effect of the balls 38 and rubber blocks 37 of different diameters, the gap between the test tube 34 and the guide hole 43 is always consistent. The test tube 34 is ensured to rise steadily in the guide hole 43, and the end with a small outer diameter of the test tube 34 is prevented from shaking due to uneven gap after the end with a large outer diameter of the test tube 34 exits the guide hole 43; and the guide hole 43 can be tilted, so the ball 38 is subjected to a certain gravity and contacts the test tube 34. Since the ball 38 can slide freely and automatically contact the test tube 34, the support of the test tube 34 in the guide hole 43 is more stable and smooth, reducing the shaking caused by uneven support during the rising process of the test tube 34.

[0076] The initial state of the positioning rod 18 can be located inside the conical tube 36. When the push rod 27 drives the test tube 34 to move upward, the test tube 34 will be buffered when entering the conical tube 36, which not only prevents the liquid from shaking violently inside the test tube 34, but also allows the test tube 34 to remain in a vertical state and continue to move upward. When the test tube 34 contacts the positioning rod 18 inside the conical tube 36, the pressing block 35 on the positioning rod 18 can effectively prevent the test tube 34 from tilting. This ensures that even if the test tube 34 comes out of the guide hole 43, under the joint action of the positioning rod 18 and the push rod 27, the test tube 34 can still remain in a vertical state and smoothly enter the range of the volume measurement camera 14.

[0077] It should be noted that a groove for placing the reagent box 5 is provided on the movable plate 4. Although the reagent box 5 itself has a locking function, a slight position deviation may still occur during the moving process. The overall positioning accuracy can be improved by providing the groove.

[0078] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection, comprising a detection box (1) provided with an opening (3), a bracket (24) arranged in the detection box (1), and a movable plate (4) arranged on the bracket (24), characterized in that: It also includes a follower plate (16), a bottom plate (21), a capacity measuring camera (14) fixed on the upper part of a bracket (24), a reading camera (23) arranged on the lower part of the bracket (24), and a display screen (2) arranged on the detection box (1), wherein a reading light source (20) is arranged on the reading camera (23), a reagent box (5) is located on the upper surface of the movable plate (4), and a plurality of through holes matching the holes of the reagent box (5) are opened on the upper surface of the movable plate (4), and a plurality of test tubes (34) are placed in the reagent box (5); Two primary guide rods (9) are arranged on the bracket (24), and both sides of the follower plate (16) and the bottom plate (21) are arranged on the two primary guide rods (9), and the follower plate (16) and the bottom plate (21) are parallel to each other. A plurality of push rods (27) matching with the through holes are arranged on the bottom plate (21), and a plurality of positioning rods (18) equal in number to the push rods (27) are arranged on the follower plate (16), and the positioning rods (18) are connected to the follower plate (16) through an outer cylinder (44). The outer cylinder (44) is connected to the follower plate (16), the inner wall of the outer cylinder (44) is sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning rod (18), the positioning rod (18) is connected to the bottom wall of the outer cylinder (44) through an elastic buffer, and a plurality of top rods (27) and a plurality of positioning rods (18) are in one-to-one correspondence; the two primary guide rods (9) are connected through a baffle plate (15), the baffle plate (15) is located between the follower plate (16) and the bottom plate (21), and a plurality of guide holes (43) are opened on the baffle plate (15); The apparatus also includes an adjustment component arranged in the detection box (1), the adjustment component including a lifting device and a driving device. The lifting device is arranged on the bottom plate (21), and is used to drive the bottom plate (21) to move in the direction of the follower plate (16); the driving device is used to drive the follower plate (16) to move, and the moving speed of the follower plate (16) is lower than the moving speed of the bottom plate (21). When the follower plate (16) and the moving plate (4) move upward at the same time, the push rod (27) drives the test tube (34) to contact the positioning rod (18), and the positioning rod (18) moves in the outer cylinder (44) and squeezes the elastic buffer. The push rod (27) rises until the positioning rod (18) stops moving in the outer cylinder (44), and the capacity measurement camera (14) works at this time. A conveying device is also provided on the support (24), and the conveying device drives the reagent box (5) on the movable plate (4) to move above the lifting device.

2. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device further comprises two secondary guide rods (26) arranged on the follower plate (16), the two sides of the follower plate (16) being slidably arranged on the primary guide rod (9), first threaded holes being provided on the two sides of the follower plate (16), threaded sections (33) cooperating with the first threaded holes being provided on the secondary guide rods (26), the ends of the secondary guide rods (26) being movable through the baffle plate (15) and the bottom plate (21) in sequence and then extending outwards, and driven gears (30) being provided on the extended ends of the two secondary guide rods (26); The lifting device comprises a connecting block (39) arranged on a bottom plate (21), a second threaded hole arranged on the connecting block (39), a first screw rod (28) matched with the second threaded hole, an end of the first screw rod (28) connected to a three-stage motor (22), a driving gear (29) meshing with two driven gears (30) arranged on the first screw rod (28), the number of teeth of the driving gear (29) having a diameter A, the number of teeth of the driven gear (30) having a diameter B, and A being less than B.

3. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting cylinder (25) covering the first threaded hole is further provided on the follower plate (16), a limiting hole (31) communicating with the outside is opened on the limiting cylinder (25), a matching plate (42) is slidably provided in the limiting cylinder (25), a limiting pin (32) is provided on the matching plate (42), and the secondary guide rod (26) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the matching plate (42), and a part of the limiting pin (32) is located in the limiting hole (31).

4. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two primary guide rods (9) are also connected via a limit plate (19), and a compression spring (17) is provided on a local outer wall of the primary guide rod (9), one end of the two compression springs (17) are both connected to the limit plate (19), and the other ends of the two compression springs (17) are both connected to the follower plate (16).

5. The biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower pressing block (35) is provided on the positioning rod (18), and the end of the lower pressing block (35) is tapered.

6. The biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (6) is also provided on the bracket (24), a moving block (8) is provided on the guide rail (6), a reading camera (23) is provided on the moving block (8), and a third threaded hole is also provided on the moving block (8), a second screw rod (40) is matched and provided in the third threaded hole, and the second screw rod (40) is connected to the output end of the primary motor (7).

7. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide hole (43) is tapered, a tapered cylinder (36) is installed in the guide hole (43), a plurality of groups of extrusion structures are provided along the inner wall of the tapered cylinder (36) from top to bottom, the extrusion structures comprising a plurality of mounting holes arranged at intervals along the inner peripheral wall of the tapered cylinder (36), a rubber block (37) is filled in the mounting hole, a ball (38) is movably contacted on the rubber block (37), and a flange is provided in the mounting hole, and in an initial state, a part of the ball (38) is placed outside the mounting hole.

8. The biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove for placing the reagent box (5) is provided on the movable plate (4).

9. A biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a trigger block (11) and a transmission wheel group (12) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the detection box (1), the transmission wheel group (12) comprising two transmission shafts (121) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the detection box (1), the end of each transmission shaft (121) being connected to a secondary motor (13), a primary gear (123) and two secondary gears (122) being arranged on the transmission shaft (121), the primary gear (123) and the secondary gears (122) both being half gears, the primary gear (123) being located between the two secondary gears (122), and the two primary gears (123) being connected via a primary toothed belt (124). The two secondary gears (122) on the two rotating shafts are connected via a secondary toothed belt (125), the trigger block (11) is located on the primary toothed belt (124) and the secondary toothed belt (125), and the opposite inner walls of the detection box (1) are slidably connected via two sliding plates (41), the opposite side walls of the two sliding plates (41) are respectively provided with sliding grooves, the two sides of the moving plate (4) are respectively slidably arranged in the sliding grooves, and any sliding plate (41) is connected to the trigger block (11) via a connecting rod (10), a moving groove is provided on the inner wall of the detection box (1), and the trigger block (11) is slidably arranged in the moving groove.

10. A method for detecting biological samples based on visual detection, according to the biological sample detection system based on visual detection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: placing the reagent kit (5) on the movable plate (4), and after the placement is completed, pushing the movable plate (4) into the detection box (1); S2: Reading the QR code on the bottom of the test tube (34) of the reagent kit (5) by photographing it with a camera (23); S3: driving the secondary motor (13) to move the movable plate (4) horizontally to above the top rod (27), so that the test tubes (34) in the first row are aligned with the top rod (27) below; S4: driving the three-stage motor (22) to drive the push rod (27) to lift the test tube (34) in the reagent box (5), so that the end of the test tube (34) contacts the positioning rod (18) and continues to move to the photographing area of ​​the volume measurement camera (14); S5: the volume measurement camera (14) takes a picture and determines the number of test tubes (34) and the volume of liquid in the test tubes (34); S6: After completion, the ejector rod (27) is reset and the test tube (34) is returned to the reagent box (5); S7: driving the secondary motor (13) again to move the movable plate (4) horizontally, and the reagent box (5) is translated to the next row of test tubes (34), and the next row is measured, and steps S4-S6 are repeated until the capacity detection of each row of test tubes (34) of the reagent box (5) is completed; S8: After the capacity test of each row of test tubes (34) is completed; S9: Push the movable plate (4) out of the detection box (1), remove the reagent box (5) on the movable plate (4), and end.

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