The invention relates to a light bioreactor for culturing microalgae systematically, which comprises an in-parallel pipe group, a control valve, a pH value sensor, a temperature sensor, a light sensor, a water mist sprayer, a liquid level alarm, a pipe pump, an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a feed pipe, a discharge pipe, a microporous pipe, a liquid storage tank, a cool and heat exchanger, a control panel, a bracket, a lighting facility and the like, wherein the pipe group and the valve are effectively connected in a close way, specific surface area is enlarged simultaneously when the volume of microalgae is enlarged during culturing, and the invention has small ground occupation, effectively uses stereo space and has sufficient air exchange, and utilization rate is increased; during culturing, the invention monitors parameters such as temperature, pH value, concentration of a culture medium, lighting intensity, and the like in real time, provides the best condition for microalgae growth and metabolism, effectively reduces culturing time, avoids danger of outside harmful creatures, and decreases production cost. The bioreactor can be used for culturing microalgae cells in a continuous or semi-continuous way and producing microalgae protein, biodiesel or aquatic baits and other products.