A large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting

Abstract

The present invention provides a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting, which relates to the technical field of cooling beds and comprises a large-scale cooling bed body, wherein both left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body are provided with cold water control pipes, both left and right side walls of the large-scale cooling bed body are provided with at least two water channel openings, a cooling pipe is provided between each of the water channel openings and the cold water control pipe, at least two cooling water channels are provided inside the large-scale cooling bed body, each of the cooling water channels is connected with the water channel openings, and by designing the large-scale cooling bed body to be large-scale, the size of the smelting pool during smelting of the material can be increased, thereby extending the flow distance of the liquid smelt, and at the same time increasing the contact area between the smelt and the large-scale cooling bed body at the same time, thereby increasing the amount of impurities precipitated in the smelt at the same time, thereby increasing the speed of one-time purification of the material and improving the purification capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cooling beds, and more particularly relates to a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting. Background Art

[0002] The existing cooling bed only has the functions of melting recycled materials, pressing electrodes and overflow purification. The existing cooling bed is small in size. The traditional cooling bed needs to crush the titanium lumps during melting. The equipment cost and maintenance cost are high. It is impossible to directly melt large-sized titanium lumps. It has the problem of being unable to control the liquid level height, the molten pool boundary, the cooling temperature zone, and the multi-specification crystallizer. The existing cooling bed is limited by the furnace structure, so the structure is complex and the production cost is high. In addition, the melting process has many steps and the melting is complicated.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-scale cooling hearth for electron beam melting to solve the above problems.

[0005] A large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting comprises a large-scale cooling bed body, wherein cold water control pipes are provided on the left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body, at least two water channel openings are provided on the left and right side walls of the large-scale cooling bed body, a cooling pipe is provided between each of the water channel openings and the cold water control pipe, at least two cooling water channels are provided inside the large-scale cooling bed body, each of the cooling water channels is connected to the water channel openings, a roughing zone is provided above the large-scale cooling bed body, a supporting base module is provided below the large-scale cooling bed body, a first refining module is installed on the front side of the large-scale cooling bed body, and a front side of the first refining module is provided. A cooling bed runner module is installed on the side, an overflow port is provided at the joint between the large-sized cooling bed body and the first refining module, and the overflow port is located on the frame of the large-sized cooling bed body, the lowest point of the overflow port opening is higher than the rough refining area, a runner port is provided above the cooling bed runner module, and a first flow channel port is provided above the first refining module, the overflow port, the first flow channel port and the runner port have the same diameter and are on the same horizontal plane, the supporting base module includes two first brackets and at least two second brackets, and the two first brackets are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the second bracket, and the large-sized cooling bed body is installed above the first bracket and the second bracket.

[0006] Preferably, the first refining module can be replaced by a second refining module on the front side of the large-scale cooling bed body, and the second refining module can be connected to the cooling bed runner module and the large-scale cooling bed body. A second flow channel opening flush with the overflow opening is opened on the top of the second refining module. The left and right side walls of the cooling bed runner module are fixedly installed with a first fixing bracket, and two second fixing brackets are fixedly installed below the cooling bed runner module. The left and right side walls of the first refining module close to the side of the cooling bed runner module are fixedly installed with a third fixing bracket, and the middle part of the left and right side walls of the first refining module are fixedly installed with a fourth fixing bracket, and each of the fourth fixing brackets is close to the bottom of the first refining module.

[0007] Preferably, a seventh fixing bracket is fixedly installed on the left and right side walls of the second refining module close to the cooling bed runner module side, and two eighth fixing brackets are fixedly installed below the second refining module located below the seventh fixing bracket, and a sixth fixing bracket is fixedly installed on the middle part of the left and right side walls of the second refining module, and each of the sixth fixing brackets is close to the bottom of the second refining module. When the large-sized cooling bed body, the first refining module and the cooling bed runner module are connected, the two first fixing brackets on the side walls of the cooling bed runner module are connected to the two third fixing brackets on the side walls of the first refining module, and the two fifth fixing brackets below the first refining module are connected to the two second fixing brackets below the cooling bed runner module. When the large-sized cooling bed body, the second refining module and the cooling bed runner module are connected, the two first fixing brackets on the side walls of the cooling bed runner module are connected to the two seventh fixing brackets on the side walls of the second refining module, and the two eighth fixing brackets below the second refining module are connected to the two second fixing brackets below the cooling bed runner module.

[0008] Preferably, at least two fourth brackets are fixedly installed between each of the second brackets, and each fourth bracket is placed in the same direction as the first bracket, at least two third brackets are installed above the two second brackets, and at least two fifth brackets are fixedly installed between the three third brackets, the large-scale cooling bed body is fixedly installed on multiple third brackets and the fifth bracket, the side walls of the second brackets located at the ends of the two first brackets are fixedly installed with second support seats, the side walls of the second support seats are fixedly installed with first support seats, the lower part of the first support seats is fixedly installed with a first reinforcement, and the lower part of the second support seats is fixedly installed with a second reinforcement, when the large-scale cooling bed body, the first refining module and the cooling bed runner module are connected, the first support seat is connected to the fourth fixed brackets on the left and right side walls of the first refining module, when the large-scale cooling bed body, the second refining module and the cooling bed runner module are connected, the second support seat is connected to the sixth fixed brackets on the left and right side walls of the second refining module.

[0009] A process for using a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1: The whole titanium block is transported to the top of the large-scale cooling bed through the feeding mechanism. The whole titanium block does not need to be broken during the feeding process, and the whole titanium material is hoisted and placed in the roughing area. There is no need for the feeding mechanism to slowly and continuously add material, which can avoid accidental shutdowns caused by feeding mechanism failures and vacuum leaks, and can control titanium material contamination and chemical composition content.

[0011] S2: There are three sets of electron beam scanning guns above the roughing zone. The electron beam scanning guns heat the titanium lump. After the high-speed electrons hit it, heat is generated. The titanium material melts from solid to liquid in the roughing zone, forming a molten pool.

[0012] S3: The cold water control pipes on the left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body provide cooling water to the lower layer of the large-scale cooling bed body through multiple cooling pipes. The cooling water cools the surface of the roughing zone;

[0013] S4: After the liquid titanium material dissolved in the rough refining zone cools down, the high-density inclusions will sink and settle at the overflow port. The liquid titanium material that has not sunk will gradually increase. When the liquid titanium material reaches the bottom of the overflow port, the liquid titanium material flows out along the overflow port, and the pure titanium material overflows into the next stage;

[0014] S5: The liquid titanium material flows into the first runner gate, and then flows into the pouring gate along the first runner gate;

[0015] S6: The melt overflows from the roughing zone through the runner gate, and the liquid titanium material flows into the crystallizer. The electron beam scanning gun above the crystallizer continues to heat it. During the whole process, the electron gun is required to maintain the stability of the roughing zone, the first runner gate, the runner gate, the liquid level and the melt temperature in the large-scale cooling bed body;

[0016] S7: As more liquid titanium material flows in, the liquid level rises. In order to maintain the liquid level, the ingot pulling mechanism pulls down. Under the premise of maintaining the liquid level, ingot casting production is formed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In the present invention, by designing the large-sized cooling bed body into a large size, the size of the smelting pool can be increased during the smelting of the material, thereby extending the flow path of the liquid smelt, and at the same time increasing the contact area between the smelt and the large-sized cooling bed body at the same time, thereby increasing the amount of impurities precipitated in the smelt at the same time, thereby increasing the speed of the primary purification of the material and improving the purification capacity.

[0019] In the present invention, the large-scale cooling bed body has an ultra-large size. At the same time, the temperature and flow of the cooling water inside the large-scale cooling bed body are controllable and adjustable. It can melt large-scale sponge titanium lumps and traditional materials. By adjusting and replacing the first refining module or the second refining module, it can be docked with multi-specification crystallizers such as round knot crystallizers. It has an overflow purification function and has the advantages of large size and high single weight of materials. The large-scale cooling bed body adopts a forged copper main body, and the support base module adopts water-cooled stainless steel. The large-scale cooling bed body and the support base module are combined and welded to ensure that each area of ​​the large-scale cooling bed body is fully cooled. At the same time, the flow temperature is adjusted to ensure that energy consumption is effectively reduced under the premise of process. A liquid level temperature monitor is provided in the large-scale cooling bed body to improve safety while controlling the molten pool boundary.

[0020] In the present invention, the large-scale cooling bed body has large specifications and dimensions, and the feeding method is different from the traditional one. By adding the required materials in advance, the accidental shutdown caused by the failure of the feeding mechanism and the accidental shutdown caused by vacuum leakage during the feeding process can be eliminated. By adding sponge titanium lumps in advance, the raw material processing and crushing steps can be reduced, the raw material cost can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved. By directly smelting titanium lumps, the material pollution and the chemical component content can be effectively controlled. The large-scale cooling bed body has large external dimensions, large heating surface and pressure-bearing surface, strong pressure resistance and good self-circulation cooling ability. The water channel layout in the large-scale cooling bed body has been subjected to thermal field analysis to ensure a better cooling effect.

[0021] In the present invention, the large-scale cooling bed body is provided with an independent cooling water system. By monitoring the inlet and outlet water flow and temperature, the cooling water flow can be adjusted in real time, and the inlet water temperature can also be adjusted. According to different smelting processes, the inlet water flow and temperature can be adjusted in real time, thereby reducing the real-time power of the gun when in use, reducing energy loss, and effectively reducing the deformation of the large-scale cooling bed body due to heat. For example: in the gun starting stage, the gun power is small, and the inlet water temperature and flow of the large-scale cooling bed body are controlled. Under the premise of ensuring effective cooling, heat exchange is minimized, energy loss is reduced, and energy saving is achieved. The same is applicable during the smelting process.

[0022] In the present invention, the large-scale cooling bed body has the function of material purification. Through a high and low overflow platform at the junction of the roughing zone and the first refining module and the second refining module area, the refractory metal with high density can be settled and retained in the roughing zone of the large-scale cooling bed body. It will not enter the first refining module, the second refining module and the crystallization zone, thereby ensuring the purity of the ingot. The device is an ultra-wide large-scale cooling bed body, which effectively improves the composition and properties of the molten metal, especially the alloy. The large-scale cooling bed body is difficult to manufacture and process, especially the design and deep processing of the built-in labyrinth cooling water channel, which requires to ensure sufficient cooling effect so that the metal can be fully separated.

[0023] In the present invention, a support base module is used to support the bottom of the large-scale cooling bed body, so as to ensure the overall stability of the large-scale cooling bed body. The support base module adopts a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket, a fourth bracket and a fifth bracket for multi-section and multi-directional support, so as to ensure the stability of the large-scale cooling bed body in different furnaces, and effectively prevent the large-scale cooling bed body from tipping over in the furnace due to its large size, so that a larger titanium lump can be supported at one time, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the large-scale cooling bed body.

[0024] In the present invention, the first support seat and the fifth fixing frame on both sides of the first refining module are connected and fixed by bolts. When a large-sized cooling bed body, a cooling bed runner module and a second refining module are used in combination, the second support seat and the sixth fixing frames on the left and right sides of the second refining module are connected and fixed by bolts. The first support seat is reinforced by a first reinforcement member below, and the second support seat is reinforced by a second reinforcement member below. By designing the first refining module and the second refining module between the large-sized cooling bed body and the cooling bed runner module to be detachable, it can meet the needs of docking with multi-specification crystallizers such as round crystallizers, thereby greatly improving the convenience of actual installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a large-scale cooling bed of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water channel structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling bed runner module structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second refining module of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixing frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third fixing frame of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh fixing frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth fixing frame of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 1 is a schematic diagram of the first bracket structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 1 is a schematic diagram of the overflow structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support base module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This invention Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0037] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a large-scale cooling bed body of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the drawing numbers is: 1. Large-size cooling bed body; 11. Roughing area; 12. Cold water control pipe; 13. Cooling pipe; 14. Water channel outlet; 15. Cooling water channel; 16. Overflow port; 2. Cooling bed runner module; 21. Runner outlet; 22. First fixing frame; 24. Second fixing frame; 3. First refining module; 31. First flow channel outlet; 32. Third fixing frame; 34. Fourth fixing frame; 35. Fifth fixing frame; 4. Second refining module; 41. Second flow channel outlet; 42. Sixth fixing frame; 43. Seventh fixing frame; 44. Eighth fixing frame; 5. Support base module; 51. First bracket; 52. Second bracket; 53. Third bracket; 54. Fourth bracket; 55. First support seat; 56. Second support seat; 57. First reinforcement; 58. Second reinforcement; 59. Fifth bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1- Figure cooling pipe 13, the present invention provides a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting, including a large-scale cooling bed body 1, cold water control pipes 12 are provided on the left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body 1, at least two water channel openings 14 are opened on the left and right side walls of the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and a cooling pipe 13 is provided between each water channel opening 14 and the cold water control pipe 12, at least two cooling water channels 15 are provided inside the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and each cooling water channel 15 is connected to the water channel opening 14, a roughing area 11 is provided above the large-scale cooling bed body 1, a supporting base module 5 is provided below the large-scale cooling bed body 1, a first refining module 3 is installed on the front side of the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and a cooling bed runner module 2 is installed on the front side of the first refining module 3, an overflow port 16 is provided at the joint between the large-scale cooling bed body 1 and the first refining module 3, and the overflow port 16 is located on the frame of the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and the overflow port 16 is opened at the largest opening. The low point is higher than the roughing zone 11. A runner port 21 is provided above the cooling bed runner module 2, and a first flow port 31 is provided above the first refining module 3. The cooling water cools the surface of the roughing zone 11. After cooling, the liquid material dissolved in the roughing zone 11 will form impurities and sink. The liquid material that has not sunk will gradually increase. When the liquid material overflows the bottom of the overflow port 16, the liquid material flows out along the overflow port 16, and the liquid material flows into the first flow port 31, and then flows into the runner port 21 along the first flow port 31. Finally, the melt overflows the roughing zone 11 through the runner port 21. The overflow port 16, the first flow port 31 and the runner port 21 have the same diameter and are on the same horizontal plane. The supporting base module 5 includes two first brackets 51 and at least two second brackets 52, and the two first brackets 51 are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the second bracket 52. The large-size cooling bed body 1 is installed above the first bracket 51 and the second bracket 52.

[0041] The front side of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 can also replace the first refining module 3 with the second refining module 4, and the second refining module 4 can be connected to the cooling bed runner module 2 and the large-scale cooling bed body 1. A second flow channel opening 41 flush with the overflow port 16 is provided above the second refining module 4. The left and right side walls of the cooling bed runner module 2 are fixedly installed with a first fixing frame 22, and two second fixing frames 24 are fixedly installed below the cooling bed runner module 2. By adjusting and replacing the first refining module 3 or the second refining module 4, it can be docked with multi-specification crystallizers such as round crystallizers, has an overflow purification function, has the advantages of large size and high unit weight of carrying materials, and the large-scale cooling bed body The body 1 adopts a forged copper main body, and the support base module 5 adopts water-cooled stainless steel. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 and the support base module 5 are combined and welded to ensure that each area of ​​the large-scale cooling bed body 1 is fully cooled. At the same time, the flow temperature is adjusted to ensure that the energy consumption is effectively reduced under the premise of process. A liquid surface temperature detection is provided in the large-scale cooling bed body 1 to improve safety while controlling the molten pool boundary. The left and right side walls of the first refining module 3 close to the cooling bed runner module 2 are fixedly installed with a third fixing bracket 32, and the middle of the left and right side walls of the first refining module 3 are fixedly installed with a fourth fixing bracket 34, and each fourth fixing bracket 34 is close to the bottom of the first refining module 3.

[0042] The left and right side walls of the second refining module 4 close to the cooling bed runner module 2 are fixedly installed with the seventh fixing bracket 43, and the lower part of the second refining module 4 below the seventh fixing bracket 43 is fixedly installed with two eighth fixing brackets 44. The middle part of the left and right side walls of the second refining module 4 is fixedly installed with the sixth fixing bracket 42, and each sixth fixing bracket 42 is close to the bottom of the second refining module 4. When the large-sized cooling bed body 1, the first refining module 3 and the cooling bed runner module 2 are connected, the two first fixing brackets 22 and the first fixing bracket 22 on the side wall of the cooling bed runner module 2 are fixedly installed. The two third fixing frames 32 on the side walls of the refining module 3 are connected, and the two fifth fixing frames 35 below the first refining module 3 are connected to the two second fixing frames 24 below the cooling bed runner module 2. When the large-sized cooling bed body 1, the second refining module 4 and the cooling bed runner module 2 are connected, the two first fixing frames 22 on the side walls of the cooling bed runner module 2 and the two seventh fixing frames 43 on the side walls of the second refining module 4 are connected, and the two eighth fixing frames 44 below the second refining module 4 are connected to the two second fixing frames 24 below the cooling bed runner module 2.

[0043] At least two fourth brackets 54 are fixedly installed between each pair of second brackets 52, and each fourth bracket 54 is placed in the same direction as the first bracket 51, at least two third brackets 53 are installed above the two second brackets 52, and at least two fifth brackets 59 are fixedly installed between the three third brackets 53. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 is fixedly installed on multiple third brackets 53 and fifth brackets 59. The side wall of the second bracket 52 located at the end of the two first brackets 51 is fixedly installed with a second support seat 56, and the side wall of the second support seat 56 is fixedly installed with a first support seat 55. A first reinforcement member 57 is fixedly installed below the first support seat 55. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 is supported by a support base module 5 at the bottom, so as to ensure the overall stability of the large-scale cooling bed body 1. The support base module 5 adopts the first The bracket 51, the second bracket 52, the third bracket 53, the fourth bracket 54 and the fifth bracket 59 are multi-section and multi-directional supported, so as to ensure the stability of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 in different furnaces, and effectively prevent the large-scale cooling bed body 1 from tipping over in the furnace due to its large size, so that it can support larger titanium lumps at a time, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the large-scale cooling bed body 1. A second reinforcement 58 is fixedly installed under the second support seat 56. When the large-scale cooling bed body 1, the first refining module 3 and the cooling bed runner module 2 are connected, the first support seat 55 is connected to the fourth fixing frame 34 on the left and right side walls of the first refining module 3. When the large-scale cooling bed body 1, the second refining module 4 and the cooling bed runner module 2 are connected, the second support seat 56 is connected to the sixth fixing frame 42 on the left and right side walls of the second refining module 4.

[0044] A process for using a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: The whole titanium block is transported to the top of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 through the feeding mechanism. The whole titanium block does not need to be broken during the feeding process, and the whole titanium material is hoisted and placed in the roughing area 11. There is no need for the feeding mechanism to slowly and continuously add material, which can avoid accidental shutdowns caused by feeding mechanism failures and vacuum leaks, and can control titanium material contamination and chemical composition content.

[0046] S2: There are three sets of electron beam scanning guns above the roughing zone 11. The electron beam scanning guns heat the titanium lump. After the high-speed electrons hit the titanium lump, heat is generated. The titanium material melts from solid to liquid in the roughing zone 11, forming a molten pool.

[0047] S3: The cold water control pipes 12 on the left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 provide cooling water to the lower layer of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 through multiple cooling pipes 13. The cooling water cools the surface of the roughing zone 11;

[0048] S4: After the liquid titanium material dissolved in the rough refining zone 11 cools down, the high-density inclusions will sink and settle at the overflow port 16. The liquid titanium material that has not sunk will gradually increase. When the liquid titanium material reaches the bottom of the overflow port 16, the liquid titanium material flows out along the overflow port 16, and the pure titanium material overflows into the next stage;

[0049] S5: The liquid titanium material flows into the first flow channel 31, and then flows into the pouring gate 21 along the first flow channel 31;

[0050] S6: The melt overflows from the roughing zone 11 through the runner 21, and the liquid titanium material flows into the crystallizer. The electron beam scanning gun is used above the crystallizer to continue heating. During the whole process, the electron gun is required to maintain the stability of the roughing zone 11, the first runner 31, the runner 21, the liquid level and the melt temperature in the large-scale cooling bed body 1;

[0051] S7: As more liquid titanium material flows in, the liquid level rises. In order to maintain the liquid level, the ingot pulling mechanism pulls down. Under the premise of maintaining the liquid level, ingot casting production is formed.

[0052] Working principle:

[0053] In the first step, during the electron beam melting process, the material is transported by the feeding mechanism into the upper part of the large-scale cooling bed body 1. After being impacted by high-speed electrons, heat is generated, and the material is melted from solid to liquid in the roughing zone 11. The cold water control pipes 12 on the left and right sides of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 provide cooling water to the lower layer of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 through multiple cooling pipes 13. The cooling water cools the surface of the roughing zone 11. After the liquid material dissolved in the roughing zone 11 cools down, impurities will sink. The amount of liquid material that has not sunk will gradually increase. When the liquid material reaches the bottom of the overflow port 16, the liquid material flows out along the overflow port 16 and flows into the first flow channel 31. The melt flows into the roughing zone 11 along the first flow channel 31 and then flows into the pouring gate 21. Finally, the melt overflows out of the roughing zone 11 through the pouring gate 21, and the liquid material flows into the crystallizer. As the liquid state of the inflowing material increases, the liquid level rises. In order to maintain the liquid level, the ingot pulling mechanism pulls down. Under the premise of maintaining the liquid level, ingot production is formed. During the whole process, the electron gun is required to maintain the roughing zone 11, the first flow channel 31, the pouring gate 21, the liquid level and the stability of the melt temperature in the large-scale cooling bed body 1. During the smelting process, the roughing zone 11 has the functions of melting the material and overflow purification (removing high-density inclusions, settling at the overflow port 16, and the pure material liquid overflowing into the next stage).

[0054] In the second step, the roughing zone 11 of the present invention is different from the traditional smelting roughing zone 11. First, the material is a titanium sponge lump (φ1800x1500mm, weighing about 6 tons). The whole material is hoisted and placed in the roughing zone 11, and melted by electron beam scanning to form a molten pool. By adjusting the electron beam gun pattern and the cooling water flow in the large-scale cooling bed body 1, the cooling temperature zone is changed, thereby controlling the direction of the molten liquid flow channel and controlling the titanium liquid to flow into the crystallizer through the first runner opening 31 and the pouring gate 21;

[0055] The large-scale cooling bed body 1 in the present invention has an extra-large size, with an inner cavity size of 2440x2450mm. At the same time, the temperature and flow of the cooling water inside the large-scale cooling bed body 1 are controllable and adjustable. It can melt large-scale sponge titanium lumps and traditional materials (recycled materials, pressed electrodes, etc.). By adjusting and replacing the first refining module 3 or the second refining module 4, it can be docked with multi-specification crystallizers such as round knot crystallizers. It has an overflow purification function and has the advantages of large size and high single weight of carrying materials. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 adopts a forged copper main body, and the support base module 5 adopts water-cooled stainless steel. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 and the support base module 5 are combined and welded to ensure that each area of ​​the large-scale cooling bed body 1 is fully cooled, and the flow temperature is adjusted at the same time to ensure that energy consumption is effectively reduced under the premise of process. A liquid level temperature monitoring is provided in the large-scale cooling bed body 1 to improve safety while controlling the molten pool boundary.

[0056] The third step is to connect and fix the first support seat 55 and the fifth fixing frame 35 on both sides of the first refining module 3 by bolts when the large-scale cooling bed body 1, the cooling bed runner module 2 and the first refining module 3 are combined. When the large-scale cooling bed body 1, the cooling bed runner module 2 and the second refining module 4 are combined, the second support seat 56 and the sixth fixing frame 42 on the left and right sides of the second refining module 4 are connected and fixed by bolts. The first support seat 55 is reinforced by the first reinforcement member 57, and the second support seat 56 is reinforced by the second reinforcement member 58. By designing the first refining module 3 and the second refining module 4 between the large-scale cooling bed body 1 and the cooling bed runner module 2 to be detachable, it can meet the requirements of docking with multi-specification crystallizers such as round crystallizers, thereby greatly improving the convenience of actual installation.

[0057] The large-scale cooling bed body 1 is supported by a support base module 5 below, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the large-scale cooling bed body 1. The support base module 5 adopts a first bracket 51, a second bracket 52, a third bracket 53, a fourth bracket 54 and a fifth bracket 59 for multi-section and multi-directional support, thereby ensuring the stability of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 in different furnaces, effectively preventing the large-scale cooling bed body 1 from tipping over in the furnace due to its large size, thereby supporting a larger titanium lump at a time and improving the bearing capacity of the large-scale cooling bed body 1;

[0058] The large-scale cooling bed body 1 has large specifications and dimensions, and the feeding method is different from the traditional one. By adding the required materials in advance, the accidental shutdown caused by the failure of the feeding mechanism and the accidental shutdown caused by vacuum leakage during the feeding process can be eliminated. By adding the sponge titanium lump in advance, the raw material processing and crushing process can be reduced, the raw material cost can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved. By directly smelting the titanium lump, the material pollution and chemical composition content can be effectively controlled. The large-scale cooling bed body 1 has a large external dimension, a large heating surface and a large pressure-bearing surface, and has strong pressure resistance and good self-circulating cooling capacity and pressure resistance (material weight 6T). The water channel layout in the large-scale cooling bed body 1 has been subjected to thermal field analysis to ensure a good cooling effect.

[0059] The large-scale cooling bed body 1 is provided with an independent cooling water system. By monitoring the inlet and outlet water flow and temperature, the cooling water flow rate can be adjusted in real time, and the inlet water temperature can also be adjusted. According to different smelting processes, the inlet water flow rate and temperature can be adjusted in real time, thereby reducing the real-time power of the gun when in use, reducing energy loss, and effectively reducing the deformation of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 caused by heat. For example: in the gun starting stage, the gun power is small, and the inlet water temperature and flow of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 are controlled. Under the premise of ensuring effective cooling, heat exchange is minimized, energy loss is reduced, and energy saving is achieved. The same is applicable during the smelting process;

[0060] The large-scale cooling bed body 1 has the function of material purification. Through a high and low overflow platform at the junction of the roughing zone 11 and the first refining module 3 and the second refining module 4, the high-density refractory metal can be settled and retained in the roughing zone 11 of the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and will not enter the first refining module 3, the second refining module 4 and the crystallization zone, thereby ensuring the purity of the ingot;

[0061] Among them, the lengths of the first refining module 3 and the second refining module 4 are different. Since the second refining module 4 is short and the liquid flow path is short, it can better cast ingots toward round products in a circular crystallizer. Since the first refining module 3 is longer, it can cast ingots toward flat, square products in a flat crystallizer.

[0062] In terms of use process: the device is an ultra-wide and large-size cooling bed body 1, which effectively improves the composition and performance of smelting metals, especially alloys;

[0063] Structural design and manufacturing: The large-scale cooling bed body 1 is difficult to manufacture and process, especially the design and deep processing of the built-in labyrinth cooling water channel 15, which requires ensuring sufficient cooling effect to enable the metal to be fully separated;

[0064] This device is mainly used for high-temperature and high-vacuum melting of non-ferrous precious metals and alloys. When the device is working, water flows through it and it is completely in a high vacuum (negative pressure 0.1Pa) negative pressure state. It has extremely high requirements for the water channel structure layout and sealing and copper welding sealing. When working, the internal water pressure of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 water channel is 0.4MPa, and the external pressure of the large-scale cooling bed body 1 is 0.1Pa. The internal and external pressure difference is extremely large. Compared with the traditional large-scale cooling bed body 1, this device has stronger pressure resistance.

[0065] Temperature: When working, the temperature of the molten metal in the large-scale cooling bed body 1 is about 1800-2000 degrees, and the temperature of the circulating water in the cooling water channel 15 is about 32 degrees. The temperature difference between the inside and outside is large, which places high requirements on materials and welding;

[0066] The existing cooling bed structures are C-type cooling bed and straight-line cooling bed, and the existing smelting process is:

[0067] 1. Titanium sponge lumps → crushed into titanium sponge particles (1-20mm) → pressed into electrodes → placed in troughs → sent to cooling bed for smelting;

[0068] 2. Titanium sponge lumps → crushed into titanium sponge (1-20mm) particles → screw feeder → sent to the cooling bed for melting;

[0069] 3. Recycled materials are cleaned → arranged and placed in the trough → sent to the cooling bed for melting;

[0070] Among them, the I-shaped cooling bed is suitable for processes 1 and 3, and the C-type cooling bed is suitable for processes 1 and 2. The above process steps are more and the smelting is complicated. The new process adopted by this device is: sponge titanium lump → placed on the cooling bed for melting.

[0071] Among them, a whole large titanium lump is hoisted in the large-scale cooling bed body 1, and the whole titanium lump is located in the roughing area 11. At this time, the three electron beam guns above the roughing area 11 heat the titanium lump. The three electron beam guns change the irradiation shape according to the processing requirements of the titanium lump. The titanium lump forms a liquid in the roughing area 11, and the liquid titanium forms a liquid flow channel in the roughing area 11. Since the large-scale cooling bed body 1 is large in size, the liquid flow channel can be increased or decreased by controlling the irradiation shape of the electron beam gun, and the area and direction of the liquid titanium in the large-scale cooling bed body 1 can be changed according to the processing requirements. The traditional cooling bed is small in size and has electron beams. The number of beam guns that can be used is limited, so the traditional cooling bed cannot freely control the area and direction of the flow channel during the smelting process. The present device can freely control the size and direction of the flow channel through the large-scale cooling bed body 1, so that the power of the electron beam gun, cooling water and other equipment required for smelting can be freely controlled. At the same time, the ability to precipitate impurities can be controlled by controlling the area of ​​the flow channel, thereby reducing smelting waste. For example, when the flow channel area is large, the liquid occupies a large area. When the flow channel increases to four corners, the liquid flow speed at the corners is slow, resulting in waste. When the flow channel is small, the liquid titanium flow rate is fast, the impurity precipitation time is short, and the impurity purification is not clean. The present device can freely control the flow channel size as needed through the large-scale cooling bed body 1, so that the liquid titanium flow time and flow distance can be controlled, and the impurity precipitation time and purification capacity can be further controlled.

[0072] The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as suited for specific applications.

Claims

1. A large-sized cooling bed for electron beam melting, comprising a large-sized cooling bed body (1), characterized in that: The large-sized cooling bed body (1) has an extra-large size, with an inner cavity size of 2440 mm x 2450 mm. A roughing zone (11) is arranged above the large-sized cooling bed body (1), and a supporting base module (5) is arranged below the large-sized cooling bed body (1). A first refining module (3) is installed on the front side of the large-sized cooling bed body (1), and a cooling bed runner module (2) is installed on the front side of the first refining module (3). An overflow port (16) is provided at the joint between the large-sized cooling bed body (1) and the first refining module (3), and the overflow port (16) is located at the large-sized cooling bed body (1). On the frame of the large-sized cooling bed body (1), the lowest point of the overflow port (16) is higher than the rough refining zone (11); the left and right sides of the large-sized cooling bed body (1) are provided with cold water control pipes (12); the left and right side walls of the large-sized cooling bed body (1) are provided with at least two water channel openings (14); a cooling pipe (13) is provided between each of the water channel openings (14) and the cold water control pipe (12); at least two cooling water channels (15) are provided inside the large-sized cooling bed body (1); each of the cooling water channels (15) is connected to the water channel opening (14); A runner opening (21) is provided above the cooling bed runner module (2), a first flow opening (31) is provided above the first refining module (3), and the overflow opening (16), the first flow opening (31) and the runner opening (21) have the same diameter and are located on the same horizontal plane; The support base module (5) comprises two first brackets (51) and at least two second brackets (52); the large-size cooling bed body (1) is installed above the first brackets (51) and the second brackets (52); the side wall of the second bracket (52) located at the end of the two first brackets (51) is fixedly installed with a second support seat (56); the side wall of the second support seat (56) is fixedly installed with a first support seat (55); the left and right side walls of the cooling bed runner module (2) are both fixedly installed with a first fixing frame (22); two second fixing frames (24) are fixedly installed below the cooling bed runner module (2); the first refining module on the side close to the cooling bed runner module (2) is fixedly installed with a first fixing frame (22); The left and right side walls of the cooling bed (3) are both fixedly mounted with third fixing frames (32), the middle parts of the left and right side walls of the first refining module (3) are both fixedly mounted with fourth fixing frames (34), and each of the fourth fixing frames (34) is close to the bottom of the first refining module (3), when the large-sized cooling bed body (1), the first refining module (3) and the cooling bed runner module (2) are connected, the two first fixing frames (22) on the side walls of the cooling bed runner module (2) and the two third fixing frames (32) on the side walls of the first refining module (3) are connected, and the two fifth fixing frames (35) below the first refining module (3) and the two second fixing frames (24) below the cooling bed runner module (2) are connected.

2. A large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first refining module (3) is replaced by a second refining module (4) on the front side of the large-sized cooling bed body (1), and the second refining module (4) is connected to the cooling bed runner module (2) and the large-sized cooling bed body (1), and a second flow channel opening (41) flush with the overflow opening (16) is provided above the second refining module (4); A seventh fixing frame (43) is fixedly mounted on both left and right side walls of the second refining module (4) close to the cooling bed runner module (2); two eighth fixing frames (44) are fixedly mounted below the second refining module (4) below the seventh fixing frame (43); a sixth fixing frame (42) is fixedly mounted in the middle of both left and right side walls of the second refining module (4), and each of the sixth fixing frames (42) is close to the bottom of the second refining module (4); When the large-sized cooling bed body (1), the second refining module (4) and the cooling bed runner module (2) are connected, the two first fixing frames (22) on the side wall of the cooling bed runner module (2) and the two seventh fixing frames (43) on the side wall of the second refining module (4) are connected, and the two eighth fixing frames (44) below the second refining module (4) and the two second fixing frames (24) below the cooling bed runner module (2) are connected.

3. A process for using a large-scale cooling bed for electron beam melting as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The whole titanium lump is transported to the top of the large-sized cooling bed body (1) through the feeding mechanism. The whole titanium lump does not need to be broken during the feeding process, and the whole titanium material is hoisted and placed in the rough refining area (11). There is no need for the feeding mechanism to slowly and continuously add materials, avoiding accidental shutdowns caused by feeding mechanism failures and vacuum leaks, controlling titanium material contamination, and controlling chemical component content; S2: There are three sets of electron beam scanning guns above the rough refining zone (11). The electron beam scanning guns heat the titanium lump. After the high-speed electrons hit it, heat is generated. The titanium material melts from solid to liquid in the rough refining zone (11) to form a molten pool; S3: The cold water control pipes (12) on the left and right sides of the large-sized cooling bed body (1) provide cooling water to the lower layer of the large-sized cooling bed body (1) through a plurality of cooling pipes (13), and the cooling water cools the surface of the roughing zone (11); S4: After the temperature of the liquid titanium material dissolved in the rough refining zone (11) drops, the high-density inclusions will sink and settle at the overflow port (16), and the liquid titanium material that has not sunk will gradually increase. When the liquid titanium material reaches the bottom of the overflow port (16), the liquid titanium material flows out along the overflow port (16), and the pure titanium material liquid overflows and enters the next stage; S5: the liquid titanium material flows into the first flow channel (31), and then flows into the pouring channel (21) along the first flow channel (31); S6: The molten metal overflows the roughing zone (11) through the runner (21), and the liquid titanium material flows into the crystallizer. The electron beam scanning gun is used to continue heating the top of the crystallizer. During the whole process, the electron gun is required to maintain the roughing zone (11), the first runner (31), the runner (21), the liquid level and the stability of the molten metal temperature in the large-scale cooling bed body (1); S7: As more liquid titanium material flows in, the liquid level rises. In order to maintain the liquid level, the ingot pulling mechanism pulls down. Under the premise of maintaining the liquid level, ingot production is formed.

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