An atomized spray system and method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system

Abstract

The application provides an atomizing spray system and method for controlling amine escape of a carbon capture system. The system comprises an atomizing spray cavity having a decarburized flue gas inlet and a decarburized flue gas outlet, and is configured with a control unit. The atomizing spray cavity is configured with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device. The atomizing spray cavity is provided with an atomizing spray unit for providing atomizing spray liquid to an internal region of the atomizing spray cavity. The control unit is used to control adjustment of the atomizing spray unit according to monitoring data of the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device. The system further comprises a demisting unit arranged between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarburized flue gas outlet. The application significantly improves the capture efficiency of amine substances in the carbon capture system by designing an automated system, reduces amine escape, and improves the quality and environmental performance of the outlet flue gas as a whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of amine escape auxiliary control system for carbon capture systems, specifically relating to an atomized spraying system and method for controlling amine escape in carbon capture systems. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the development of the global economy and the continuous improvement of industrialization, the consumption of fossil energy has grown rapidly, leading to large-scale emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, which in turn causes global warming. Among greenhouse gases, CO2 has the greatest impact, accounting for about 60% of all greenhouse gas contributions. CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, as the mainstream technology route, is the most effective and economically feasible way to achieve CO2 emission reduction. Among these technologies, post-combustion capture does not require modification of existing thermal power plants and is currently a research hotspot. Chemical absorption is the most mature and has the greatest application potential among post-combustion capture technologies.

[0003] Currently, in actual operation, due to the exothermic reaction between the lean absorbent and CO2 in the flue gas within the absorption tower, some absorbent escapes into the atmosphere in the form of volatilization or aerosols. Through oxidative or thermal degradation, the absorbent generates carcinogens such as nitrosamines and nitrosamines, damaging soil organisms and polluting drinking water sources. Furthermore, the high market price of absorbents leads to a sharp increase in the operating costs of carbon capture systems due to absorbent escape. Therefore, it is essential to control amine escape from carbon capture systems. Existing methods generally employ a dual-tower spray system to control amine escape. However, this dual-tower structure requires significant equipment investment, and the redundant setup occupies a large area. Moreover, the control of particulate matter growth is not precise enough, and the lack of timely atomization adjustment affects amine escape control. Therefore, in summary, current amine escape control systems suffer from complex equipment, large footprint, insufficient precision in controlling particulate matter growth, and the lack of timely atomization adjustment, all of which negatively impact amine escape control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an atomized spraying system and method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system. The purpose is to solve the problems of current amine escape control systems, which have relatively complex equipment, large footprint, and insufficient precision in controlling particulate matter growth. Furthermore, the lack of timely atomization adjustment results in a certain impact on amine escape control.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides an atomizing spray system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system. The atomizing spray system includes an atomizing spray chamber with a decarbonized flue gas inlet and a decarbonized flue gas outlet, and the atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a control unit; wherein:

[0007] The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device. The first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device are used to detect the particle concentration and particle size of the decarbonized flue gas at the decarbonized flue gas inlet and the decarbonized flue gas outlet, respectively.

[0008] The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with an atomizing spray unit, which is used to provide atomized spray liquid to the internal area of ​​the atomizing spray chamber; the control unit is used to control and adjust the atomizing spray unit according to the monitoring data of the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device.

[0009] It also includes a demisting unit, which is located between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, a first particulate matter measuring device is located outside the atomizing spray chamber at the inlet of the decarbonized flue gas, and a second particulate matter measuring device is located inside the atomizing spray chamber near the outlet of the decarbonized flue gas.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device employ a laser particulate matter measuring instrument or a light scattering particulate matter counter.

[0012] In some embodiments, the atomizing spray unit includes an atomizer disposed inside the atomizing spray chamber and connected to a water supply pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the atomizer adjusts the frequency and spray intensity through a control unit, and the atomizer has several nozzles of different shapes.

[0014] Furthermore, the control unit performs real-time analysis of the particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution from the monitoring data of the first and second particulate matter measuring devices, and adjusts the nozzle, operating frequency, and spray intensity of the atomizer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the atomizing spray chamber has a barrel-shaped structure, which forms an atomizing zone in the area of ​​the atomizing spray unit, and the second particulate matter measuring device is located in the area above the atomizing zone.

[0016] In some implementations, the control unit employs a PID control algorithm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the demisting unit includes a demister that forms a demisting zone between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet to remove water-atomized particles.

[0018] The present invention also provides an atomized spraying method for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. The decarbonized flue gas enters the atomizing spray chamber through the decarbonized flue gas inlet;

[0020] S2. The first particulate matter measuring device detects the particle size distribution of aerosol particles and transmits the data to the control unit; the atomizing spray unit starts spraying; the second particulate matter measuring device detects the particle size distribution of aerosol particles and transmits the data to the control unit;

[0021] S3. The control unit performs real-time analysis of particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution, and adjusts the output of the atomizing spray unit according to the particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution.

[0022] S4. After passing through the atomizing spray unit, the decarbonized flue gas is removed and the water-atomized particles are recovered by the demister unit, and the decarbonized flue gas is discharged through the decarbonized flue gas outlet.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the atomized spraying system and method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention discloses an atomizing spray system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system. The atomizing spray system includes an atomizing spray chamber with a decarbonized flue gas inlet and a decarbonized flue gas outlet, and a control unit is configured within the atomizing spray chamber. The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device, which are used to detect the particle concentration and particle size of the decarbonized flue gas at the inlet and outlet, respectively. The atomizing spray chamber also includes an atomizing spray unit for providing atomized spray liquid to the internal area of ​​the atomizing spray chamber. The control unit is used to control and adjust the atomizing spray unit based on the monitoring data from the first and second particulate matter measuring devices. The system also includes a demisting unit located between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet. Based on the above, this invention improves the amine escape problem in carbon capture systems, particularly in the form of aerosol emissions. This invention achieves highly efficient control of amine escape through an innovative, controllable particle growth atomization spraying method and an automated atomization spraying system. The automated atomization spraying system of this invention monitors the particle size distribution of aerosol particles at the inlet and outlet of the atomization zone, precisely controlling the operating frequency of the atomizer, the state of the nozzle, and the spraying intensity to atomize water and spray it into the decarbonized flue gas. This atomization process aims to disperse water molecules into tiny particles, forming a water mist, which then mixes thoroughly with the particulate matter in the decarbonized flue gas, gradually increasing the diameter of the particles and providing more favorable conditions for subsequent control. Subsequently, the atomized water particles enter the demister along with the decarbonized flue gas, where the atomized water particles are effectively removed and recovered. This invention significantly improves the capture efficiency of amines in carbon capture systems, reduces escape, enhances overall system performance, and the real-time monitoring and adjustment mechanism ensures that the system always operates in optimal condition, reducing energy consumption and operating costs. Dual particulate matter monitoring enhances the system's flexibility and adaptability, meeting the collection needs under different operating conditions. The demisting unit effectively prevents water mist particles from being discharged with the flue gas, reducing environmental pollution. Overall, this invention improves the quality and environmental friendliness of the outlet flue gas, demonstrating significant practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the invention and constitute a part of this invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus in the atomized spraying system and method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a method in the atomized spray system and method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to the present invention.

[0028] The components include: 1. Water inlet pipe; 2. Decarbonized flue gas inlet; 3. Atomizer; 4. Inlet particulate matter measuring device; 5. Outlet particulate matter measuring device; 6. Demister; 7. Atomization zone; 8. Decarbonized flue gas outlet; and 9. Detection system. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] How to improve the amine escape problem in carbon capture systems, and how to provide a removal system with a high degree of automation and high control precision, so as to achieve efficient control of amine escape.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an atomizing spray system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system. The atomizing spray system includes an atomizing spray chamber, which has a decarbonized flue gas inlet 2 and a decarbonized flue gas outlet 8. The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a control unit; wherein:

[0037] The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device. The first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device are used to detect the particle concentration and particle size of the decarbonized flue gas at the decarbonized flue gas inlet 2 and the decarbonized flue gas outlet 8, respectively.

[0038] The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with an atomizing spray unit, which is used to provide atomized spray liquid to the internal area of ​​the atomizing spray chamber; the control unit is used to control and adjust the atomizing spray unit according to the monitoring data of the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device.

[0039] It also includes a demisting unit, which is located between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet 8.

[0040] This invention discloses an atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system. Atomized liquid is sprayed into the decarbonized flue gas through an atomized spray unit. The water mist interacts with particulate matter and amines in the flue gas, reducing their escape. This invention is equipped with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device, as shown below. Figure 1 The inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 and outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 shown monitor the particulate matter concentration and particle size at the decarbonized flue gas inlet 2 and outlet 8, respectively, providing real-time monitoring data for the detection system 9 unit. The detection system 9 dynamically adjusts the spray parameters of the atomizing spray unit based on the monitoring data to optimize the collection effect. Furthermore, this invention further purifies the flue gas by designing a demisting unit below the decarbonized flue gas outlet 8, removing water-atomized particles, ensuring the quality of the outlet flue gas, and improving the environmental protection coefficient of flue gas emissions.

[0041] Specifically, the present invention discloses an atomizing spray system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system, comprising an atomizing zone 7, an inlet particulate matter measuring device 4, an outlet particulate matter measuring device 5, an atomizer 3, a detection system 9, a water inlet pipe 1, a demister 6, a decarbonized flue gas inlet 2, and a decarbonized flue gas outlet 8. The water inlet pipe 1 is connected to the atomizer 3. The inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 is located at the decarbonized flue gas inlet 2. The outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 is located between the atomizing zone 5 and the demister 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the atomizer 3 of the present invention allows for adjustment of the operating frequency and spray intensity. The atomizer 3 enables high-density spraying of small droplets. The atomizer 3 employs diverse nozzle designs to adjust the nozzle shape. The atomizer 3 of the present invention introduces water through the water supply pipe 1, generating fine water mist that mixes thoroughly with the decarbonized flue gas. The water mist effectively contacts particulate matter and amines in the flue gas, improving collection efficiency. The structure is simple and maintenance is convenient.

[0043] In the atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in the carbon capture system of this invention, the inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 can detect the particle size distribution of aerosol particles. The outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 can also detect the particle size distribution of aerosol particles. The detection system 9 connects the inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 and the outlet particulate matter measuring device 5, enabling real-time acquisition of particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution data. By installing particulate matter measuring devices outside the decarbonized flue gas inlet 2 and inside the atomized spray chamber, full-process particulate matter monitoring is achieved. The inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 provides raw data, while the outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 reflects the treated effect, resulting in more accurate data comparison. This facilitates analysis of the particulate matter removal effect of the atomized spray system and provides a basis for subsequent adjustments.

[0044] This invention utilizes real-time particulate matter concentration and size distribution data collected by the imported particulate matter measuring device 4 and the exported particulate matter measuring device 5. Through the detection system 9, it adjusts the frequency and spray intensity of the atomizer 3 and replaces nozzles of different shapes to adapt to various operating conditions. The invention achieves closed-loop control through the automatic control of the detection system 9, ensuring the system is always in optimal operating condition, improving collection efficiency, and reducing energy consumption and operating costs. This invention allows for flexible adjustment of spray parameters, optimizing the collection effect to meet different collection requirements, improving system adaptability and flexibility, and extending the service life of the entire system.

[0045] In some embodiments, the inlet particulate matter measuring device 4 and the outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 can employ laser particulate matter measuring instruments or light scattering particulate matter counters. High-precision measurement of particulate matter is achieved using laser or light scattering principles, ensuring data accuracy. This invention provides reliable data support for the detection system 9 through high-precision measurement, improving the overall system control accuracy. It reduces system malfunctions caused by measurement errors, improving system stability and reliability.

[0046] The present invention provides an atomizing spray system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system, wherein the atomizing spray chamber is as follows: Figure 1 The barrel-shaped structure shown forms an atomization zone 7 within the atomizing spray unit area, with the second particulate matter measuring device located above this zone. This invention, by designing the atomizing spray cavity as a barrel shape, facilitates the formation of a stable atomization zone, promoting thorough mixing of water mist and flue gas. This improves collection efficiency, reduces escape phenomena, and the compact structure of the atomizing spray cavity minimizes space requirements, making it easy to install and maintain.

[0047] In some embodiments, the atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in the carbon capture system of the present invention is designed with a demisting unit. The demisting unit includes a demister 6, which forms a demisting zone between the outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 and the decarbonized flue gas outlet 8, so as to remove water-atomized particles. The demister 6 can effectively remove and recover water-atomized particles. The demister 6 of the present invention removes water-atomized particles by physical methods, ensuring the quality of the flue gas outlet, effectively preventing water mist particles from being discharged with the flue gas, reducing environmental pollution, protecting downstream equipment from water mist corrosion, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above-described atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system, this invention provides an atomized spray method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system, specifically including the following steps:

[0049] S1. The decarbonized flue gas enters the atomization zone 7 through the decarbonized flue gas inlet 2.

[0050] S2, Imported particulate matter measuring equipment 4 detects the particle size distribution of aerosol particles, and the data is transmitted to the detection system 9.

[0051] S3 and atomizer 3 spray water.

[0052] S4. The flue gas passes through the outlet particulate matter measuring device 5 to detect the particle size distribution of aerosol particles, and the data is transmitted to the detection system 9.

[0053] S5, the detection system 9 employs PID control to monitor and adjust the inlet particulate matter concentration, inlet particle size, outlet particulate matter concentration, and outlet particle size in real time. Based on preset values, it adjusts the nozzle operating frequency and spray intensity of the atomizer 3, thereby enabling the atomizer 3 to effectively atomize and spray the flue gas in the atomization zone 7. The PID control algorithm of this invention is used to adjust the system output to achieve the desired target value. Based on the input particulate matter concentration and particle size, the operating frequency and spray intensity of the atomizer 3 nozzle are calculated, and the inlet particulate matter concentration and particle size are adjusted using the PID controller. Different nozzle operating frequencies and spray intensities are set according to different ranges of inlet particulate matter concentration and particle size. The PID controller is used to adjust the inlet particulate matter concentration and particle size to approach the target values ​​of outlet particulate matter concentration and particle size. A Particle Control System instance is created and the control System method is called for testing. The nozzle operating frequency and spray intensity are ensured to be within the range of 0 to 100%.

[0054] S6. After passing through the atomization zone 7, the flue gas passes through the demister 6, which can effectively remove and recycle the water-atomized particles.

[0055] S7. The decarbonized flue gas after passing through the demister 6 is discharged through the decarbonized flue gas outlet 8.

[0056] This invention discloses an atomized spraying method for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system. Through the aforementioned processes of decarbonized flue gas entry, particulate matter monitoring, spray adjustment, and demisting, effective control of amine escape is achieved. This method has a clear process, is relatively convenient to operate, and is easily automated, improving capture efficiency, reducing energy consumption and operating costs, and ensuring stable system operation. Based on these aspects, this invention improves overall operational efficiency and reduces environmental pollution to a certain extent, demonstrating its feasibility.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention according to the description and above. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, based on the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any equivalent changes, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atomized spraying system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system, characterized in that, The atomizing spray system includes an atomizing spray chamber, which has a decarbonized flue gas inlet (2) and a decarbonized flue gas outlet (8), and is equipped with a control unit; wherein: The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with a first particulate matter measuring device and a second particulate matter measuring device. The first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device are used to detect the particle concentration and particle size of the decarbonized flue gas at the decarbonized flue gas inlet (2) and the decarbonized flue gas outlet (8), respectively. The atomizing spray chamber is equipped with an atomizing spray unit, which is used to provide atomized spray liquid to the internal area of ​​the atomizing spray chamber; the control unit is used to control and adjust the atomizing spray unit according to the monitoring data of the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device. It also includes a demisting unit, which is disposed between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet (8); The atomizing spray unit includes an atomizer (4), which is located inside the atomizing spray cavity and is connected to a water supply pipe (1) to the outside. The atomizer (4) adjusts the frequency and spray intensity through the control unit, and the atomizer (4) has several nozzles of different shapes; The control unit performs real-time analysis of the particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution of the monitoring data from the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device, and adjusts the nozzle, operating frequency and spray intensity of the atomizer (4).

2. The atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first particulate matter measuring device is located outside the atomizing spray chamber at the decarbonized flue gas inlet (2), and the second particulate matter measuring device is located inside the atomizing spray chamber near the decarbonized flue gas outlet (8).

3. The atomized spray system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first particulate matter measuring device and the second particulate matter measuring device use laser particulate matter measuring instruments or light scattering particulate matter counters.

4. The atomized spraying system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atomizing spray chamber has a barrel-shaped structure, and the barrel-shaped structure forms an atomizing zone (7) in the area of ​​the atomizing spray unit. The second particulate matter measuring device is located in the area above the atomizing zone (7).

5. The atomized spraying system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit employs a PID control algorithm.

6. The atomized spraying system for controlling amine escape in a carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The demisting unit includes a demister (6) that forms a demisting zone between the second particulate matter measuring device and the decarbonized flue gas outlet (8) to remove water-atomized particles.

7. A method for atomizing a spray system for controlling amine escape from a carbon capture system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The decarbonized flue gas enters the atomizing spray chamber through the decarbonized flue gas inlet (2); S2. The first particulate matter measuring device detects the particle size distribution of aerosol particles and transmits the data to the control unit; the atomizing spray unit starts spraying; the second particulate matter measuring device detects the particle size distribution of aerosol particles and transmits the data to the control unit; S3. The control unit performs real-time analysis of particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution, and adjusts the output of the atomizing spray unit based on the particulate matter concentration and particle size distribution. S4. After passing through the atomizing spray unit, the decarbonized flue gas is removed and the water atomized particles are recovered by the demisting unit. The decarbonized flue gas is discharged through the decarbonized flue gas outlet (8).

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