A machining process for aspherical optical elements

Abstract

The application relates to a processing technology of an aspheric optical element, aiming at solving the technical problem of insufficient functionality of a current polishing device of a Nier lens aspheric optical element, and comprising an operation machine table; a plurality of clamping mechanisms are arranged on the operation machine table through axial guide rails and lifting guide rails; a double-mode polishing mechanism is arranged on the operation machine table and located on opposite sides of the plurality of clamping mechanisms; the double-mode polishing mechanism comprises a basic mounting frame; a central shaft driving assembly is arranged on the basic mounting frame; a movable deflection assembly is rotationally arranged outside the central shaft driving assembly; a fixed deflection assembly is arranged on one side of the movable deflection assembly; the central shaft driving assembly, the movable deflection assembly and the fixed deflection assembly are all provided with clamping and conveying mechanisms at the ends; and the clamping ends of a plurality of the clamping and conveying mechanisms form a clamping cavity. The application realizes the effect of multifunction through two operation modes, and meets the requirements of processing of Nier lens aspheric optical elements in different structural states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aspherical optical element processing technology, and in particular to a processing technology for aspherical optical elements. Background Technology

[0002] Fresnel lenses are essentially a special type of aspherical optical element. From the perspective of aspherical optics, the surface of a Fresnel lens is not a complete, continuous sphere or a traditional smooth aspherical surface, but rather composed of a series of concentric serrated rings. This unique structural design gives it unique advantages in achieving functions such as refraction, focusing, and divergence of light. Compared to general aspherical optical elements, Fresnel lenses, by dividing the continuous surface of traditional lenses into discontinuous rings, significantly reduce the weight and thickness of the lens while maintaining good optical performance, thus lowering costs. During light propagation, the aspherical structure of a Fresnel lens can effectively control the path of light, reduce aberrations, improve image quality, or achieve specific optical effects. For example, in focusing applications, it can concentrate light from a large area onto a specific region. In short, from the perspective of aspherical optical elements, Fresnel lenses, with their unique discontinuous aspherical structure, provide an efficient, lightweight, and economical solution for the design and application of optical systems.

[0003] Existing Nell lenses include centrally focusing Nell lenses with multiple concentric circles and grating-type Nell lenses with several parallel refractive groove structures.

[0004] Existing polishing processes for Nell lenses typically involve linear sliding friction contact or rotational contact, tailored to the desired structural state, to polish center-focusing Nell lenses and grating-type Nell lenses respectively. These processes are structurally limited and lack functionality, failing to effectively adapt to the polishing of both types of Nell lenses. Therefore, we propose a new processing technology for aspherical optical elements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, adapt to practical needs, and provide a processing technology for aspherical optical elements to solve the technical problem of insufficient functionality of current polishing devices for aspherical optical elements of Nell lenses.

[0006] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the technical solution adopted is as follows: A polishing device for aspherical optical elements is designed, comprising an operating platform; the operating platform is equipped with a multi-stage clamping mechanism via axial guide rails and lifting guide rails; a dual-mode polishing mechanism is arranged on the operating platform opposite to the multi-stage clamping mechanism; the dual-mode polishing mechanism includes a base mounting frame; a central shaft drive assembly is arranged on the base mounting frame; and a movable deflection assembly is rotatably arranged outside the central shaft drive assembly; a fixed deflection rotation assembly is arranged on one side of the movable deflection assembly; wherein, a clamping feeder is arranged at the ends of the central shaft drive assembly, the movable deflection assembly, and the fixed deflection rotation assembly. The structure includes a clamping cavity formed by the gap between the clamping ends of several clamping mechanisms, and a polishing rack is movably and detachably disposed within the clamping cavity. The clamping cavity has a horizontal equiaxial clamping state and an arc-shaped clamping state. In the arc-shaped clamping state, the polishing rack is driven by several clamping mechanisms to perform a reciprocating circular rotation to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element. In the horizontal equiaxial clamping state, the polishing rack is driven by several clamping mechanisms to perform a reciprocating linear sliding motion to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the grid structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-stage clamping mechanism includes a connecting frame arranged on the lifting guide rail; a synchronous rotating wheel seat is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame; an adjusting drive motor is provided on one side of the synchronous rotating wheel seat, and a synchronous wheel is provided at the output end of the adjusting drive motor, and the synchronous wheel is connected to the synchronous rotating wheel seat via a transmission belt A; a drive cylinder is provided on the connecting frame via a mounting base A, and a bearing seat is provided at the end of the drive cylinder; a key shaft is keyed to the axial center position inside the synchronous rotating wheel seat, and the key shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat; wherein, an adsorption clamp for clamping and connecting the aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is provided at the end of the key shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the central shaft drive assembly includes a fixed connecting seat arranged on the base mounting frame via mounting base B, a central drive motor is provided on the fixed connecting seat, and a rotation drive shaft is provided at the output end of the central drive motor.

[0009] Preferably, the dynamic deflection assembly includes a hollow connecting shaft seat rotatably arranged on the base mounting frame; a rotating seat A is rotatably disposed on one side of the hollow connecting shaft seat; and a turbine is disposed on the rotating seat A; a worm gear is disposed on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat opposite to the turbine; and a dynamic deflection drive motor is disposed at one end of the worm gear.

[0010] Preferably, the deflection assembly further includes a deflection drive motor arranged on the base mounting frame, and the output end of the deflection drive motor is provided with a deflection drive wheel, which is connected to the hollow connecting shaft seat via a synchronous belt B.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed-axis rotation assembly is arranged on the fixed-axis drive motor on the base mounting frame, and the output end of the fixed-axis drive motor is provided with a fixed-axis rotation seat.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping drive servo motor respectively arranged on the fixed-bias rotating seat, the rotating seat A and the end of the rotating drive shaft; the end of the clamping drive servo motor is provided with an operation connecting seat; the operation connecting seat is provided with a fixed-point connecting rotating cavity; the fixed-point connecting rotating cavity is provided with hemispherical hook protrusions on both sides; and the end of the clamping drive servo motor is provided with an elastic gear assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic gear assembly includes a gear seat disposed at the end of the clamping drive servo motor; the gear seat is provided with an internal cavity; and a connecting shaft is provided on one side of the gear seat; a spiral extrusion groove is provided on the connecting shaft; a rotating gear is movably disposed on the connecting shaft, and an extrusion protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the rotating gear; and the rotating gear is elastically connected to the gear seat by a spring.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the polishing rack is provided with a drive tooth that meshes with the elastic gear assembly, and the side of the polishing rack is provided with a sliding point groove relative to the hook protrusion; wherein, the side of the polishing rack is provided with a plurality of polishing teeth relative to a distance smaller than the straight-line distance from the rotation drive shaft to the fixed offset rotating seat.

[0015] A fabrication process for an aspherical optical element includes the following steps:

[0016] S100: Fixing process: The aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is centrally fixed by adsorption clamp;

[0017] S200: Adjustment Processing

[0018] If the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the dynamic deflection drive motor drives the dynamic deflection drive wheel, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft to rotate and deflect, causing the rotating seat A located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft and the clamping mechanism at that position to be adjusted by rotation; then, the clamping drive servo motor located at the hollow connecting shaft and the fixed deflection rotating seat position drives the elastic gear assembly to rotate. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly, the arc angle of the polishing rack size distance between the two elastic gear assemblies is adjusted, so that the polishing rack has a local arc structure, and the three clamping mechanisms form a triangular distribution;

[0019] If the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the deflection drive motor drives the deflection drive wheel in the opposite direction, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft to rotate and deflect, causing the rotating seat A located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft and the clamping mechanism at that position to be adjusted by rotation; then, the clamping drive servo motors located at the hollow connecting shaft and the fixed deflection rotating seat position drive the elastic gear assembly to rotate, and by independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly, the size distance of the polishing rack between the two elastic gear assemblies is tightened and adjusted, so that the polishing rack forms a straight structure, and the three clamping mechanisms are linearly distributed;

[0020] S300: Positioning Processing

[0021] If the Nell lens aspherical optical element with a concentric circle structure is to be positioned and adjusted, the position of the hook protrusion in the three clamping mechanisms is located by using a vision camera to determine the triangular coordinate system. Then, the center of the three clamping mechanisms is determined by the triangular structure. Finally, the multi-stage clamping mechanism is adjusted to the required position by adjusting the axial guide rail and the lifting guide rail.

[0022] To position and adjust the Nell lens aspherical optical element with a grid structure: by measuring the position of the polished rack of the straight structure and adjusting the axial guide rail and lifting guide rail, the multi-stage clamping mechanism is positioned as required.

[0023] S400: Polishing operation: The bearing housing, key shaft and adsorption fixture are synchronously driven to slide and adjust the Nell lens aspherical optical element to contact the polishing rack through the return stroke of the drive cylinder. Then, the elastic gear assembly is synchronously driven by three clamping drive servo motors to rotate, so that the polishing rack moves back and forth to achieve the polishing operation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. This invention utilizes a central axis drive assembly and a fixed-point rotation assembly, along with a rotatable and adjustable moving deflection assembly, to cause the clamping mechanism at the end of the moving deflection assembly to rotate. This rotational offset results in the three clamping mechanisms being arranged in a triangular shape, coordinating with the synchronous, same-direction, and same-speed reciprocating rotation of the polishing rack to form a concentric rotational motion. This allows the polishing rack to polish the refractive grooves of the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element. Simultaneously, the rotating and adjustable moving deflection assembly causes the clamping mechanism at its end to rotate, placing it on the same axis as the clamping mechanisms at the central axis drive assembly and the fixed-point rotation assembly. Again, the synchronous, same-direction, and same-speed reciprocating rotation of the clamping mechanism forms a concentric rotational motion, allowing the polishing rack to polish the refractive grooves of the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element. These two operating modes achieve a multi-functional effect, meeting the processing requirements of Nell lens aspherical optical elements with different structural states.

[0026] 2. This invention uses an adsorption clamp to centrally adsorb and fix the aspherical optical element of the Nell lens. At the same time, by adjusting the drive motor to drive the synchronous wheel and synchronous rotating wheel seat to rotate 180 degrees, the key shaft and the adsorption clamp rotate synchronously, which realizes the polishing of the refractive grooves of the upper and lower parts of the Nell lens. Furthermore, by driving the cylinder to return, the bearing seat, key shaft and adsorption clamp are synchronously driven to slide and adjust, realizing the basic work of approaching and separating from the dual-mode polishing mechanism.

[0027] 3. The present invention uses a dynamic bias drive motor to drive a dynamic bias drive wheel and a synchronous belt B to drive the hollow connecting shaft seat to rotate and shift. This causes the rotating seat A located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat and the clamping mechanism at that position to be adjusted by rotation to form a dual-mode polishing rack structure, so that the polishing rack can be adapted to the processing requirements of Nell lens aspherical optical elements with different structural states.

[0028] 4. This invention uses a clamping drive servo motor to drive the elastic gear assembly to rotate. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly, the size distance of the polished rack between the two elastic gear assemblies can be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the arc tension and arc in the arc state as well as the straight state.

[0029] 5. The present invention uses a spring to cause the rotating gear to slide axially on the connecting shaft, and the extrusion protrusion causes the rotating gear to rotate radially on the extrusion groove. In this way, adaptive compensation is achieved for the meshing gap generated by the polished rack in both straight and arc states, and the dimensional difference during transmission is effectively reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multi-stage clamping mechanism in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dual-mode polishing mechanism in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the central shaft drive assembly 8, the moving deflection assembly, and the fixed deflection rotation assembly in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 In this invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dynamic deflection component in this invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the clamping mechanism in this invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the clamping mechanism in this invention from another perspective;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the polishing rack in this invention;

[0040] Figure 11 In this invention Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a side view of the dual-mode polishing mechanism in this invention, illustrating the arc adjustment state for the concentric circle structure.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Operating platform; 2. Axial guide rail; 3. Lifting guide rail; 4. Multi-stage clamping mechanism; 5. Dual-mode polishing mechanism; 6. Base support frame; 7. Central shaft drive assembly; 8. Dynamic deflection assembly; 9. Fixed deflection rotation assembly; 10. Clamping mechanism; 11. Polishing rack;

[0043] 401. Connecting frame; 402. Synchronous rotating wheel seat; 403. Adjustable drive motor; 4031. Synchronous pulley; 404. Drive cylinder; 4041. Bearing seat; 405. Key shaft; 4051. Adsorption clamp;

[0044] 701. Fixed connecting seat; 702. Central drive motor; 703. Rotation drive shaft;

[0045] 801. Hollow connecting shaft seat; 802. Rotating seat A; 8021. Turbine; 803. Worm gear; 804. Plier drive motor; 805. Plier drive motor; 8051. Plier drive wheel;

[0046] 901. Fixed bias drive motor; 902. Fixed bias rotating base;

[0047] 1001, clamping drive servo motor; 10011, operating connecting seat; 1002, hook protrusion; 1003, elastic gear assembly; 10031, gear seat; 10032, connecting shaft; 10033, extrusion groove; 10034, rotating gear; 10035, extrusion protrusion;

[0048] 1101, sliding point groove; 1102, polishing teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0050] Example 1: A device for an aspherical optical element, see [link to example]. Figures 1 to 12The polishing device includes an operating platform 1; a multi-stage clamping mechanism 4 is provided on the operating platform 1 via an axial guide rail 2 and a lifting guide rail 3; a dual-mold polishing mechanism 5 is provided on the operating platform 1 opposite to the multi-stage clamping mechanism 4; the dual-mold polishing mechanism 5 includes a base mounting frame 6; a central shaft drive assembly 7 is provided on the base mounting frame 6; and a moving deflection assembly 8 is rotatably provided on the outside of the central shaft drive assembly 7; a fixed deflection rotation assembly 9 is provided on one side of the moving deflection assembly 8; wherein, the ends of the central shaft drive assembly 7, the moving deflection assembly 8, and the fixed deflection rotation assembly 9 are all provided with clamping and feeding mechanisms 10; the clamping ends of the clamping and feeding mechanisms 10 are... The gap forms a clamping cavity; and a polishing rack 11 is movably and detachably installed inside the clamping cavity; wherein, the clamping cavity has a horizontal equiaxial clamping state and an arc-shaped clamping state; wherein, in the arc-shaped clamping state, the polishing rack 11 is driven by several clamping mechanisms 10 to perform a reciprocating circular rotational motion to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element; wherein, in the horizontal equiaxial clamping state, the polishing rack 11 is driven by several clamping mechanisms 10 to perform a reciprocating linear sliding motion to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the grid structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element. This invention utilizes a central axis drive assembly 7 with fixed positions, a fixed-offset rotation assembly 9, and a rotatably adjustable moving deflection assembly 8 to cause the clamping mechanism 10 located at the end of the moving deflection assembly 8 to rotate. Through rotational offset, the three clamping mechanisms 10 are arranged in a triangular shape, and in conjunction with the clamping mechanism 10, the polishing rack 11 is deformed to form an arc shape. Then, the synchronous, same-direction, and same-speed reciprocating rotation of the clamping mechanism 10 creates a concentric rotational motion, causing the polishing rack 11 to polish the refractive groove of the concentric circular structure Nell lens aspherical optical element. Simultaneously, the rotating deflection component 8, based on rotational adjustment, causes the clamping mechanism 10 located at the end of the rotating deflection component 8 to rotate and move. The clamping mechanism 10, located at the position of the central axis drive component 7 and the fixed deflection rotation component 9, is on the same axis. Then, the synchronous reciprocating rotation of the clamping mechanism 10 in the same direction and at the same speed forms a concentric rotational motion, which causes the polishing rack 11 to polish the refractive groove of the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element. Through the above two operation modes, a multi-functional effect is achieved to meet the processing requirements of Nell lens aspherical optical elements with different structural states.

[0051] Specifically, the multi-stage clamping mechanism 4 includes a connecting frame 401 arranged on the lifting guide rail 3; a synchronous rotating wheel seat 402 is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 401; an adjusting drive motor 403 is provided on one side of the synchronous rotating wheel seat 402, and a synchronous wheel 4031 is provided at the output end of the adjusting drive motor 403, and the synchronous wheel 4031 is connected to the synchronous rotating wheel seat 402 via a transmission belt A; a drive cylinder 404 is provided on the connecting frame 401 via a mounting seat A, and a bearing seat 4041 is provided at the end of the drive cylinder 404; a key shaft 405 is keyed to the axial center position inside the synchronous rotating wheel seat 402, and the key shaft 405 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 4041; wherein, an adsorption clamp 4051 for clamping and connecting the aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is provided at the end of the key shaft 405. This invention uses an adsorption clamp 4051 to centrally adsorb and fix the aspherical optical element of the Nell lens. At the same time, by adjusting the drive motor 403 to drive the synchronous wheel 4031 and the synchronous rotating wheel seat 402 to rotate 180 degrees, the key shaft 405 and the adsorption clamp 4051 rotate synchronously, so as to achieve the polishing of the refractive grooves of the upper and lower parts of the Nell lens. Furthermore, by using the drive cylinder 404 to perform the return stroke, the bearing seat 4041, the key shaft 405 and the adsorption clamp 4051 are synchronously driven to slide and adjust, so as to achieve the basic work of approaching and separating from the dual-mode polishing mechanism 5.

[0052] Furthermore, the central shaft drive assembly 7 includes a fixed connecting seat 701 arranged on the base mounting frame 6 via the mounting seat B, a central drive motor 702 is provided on the fixed connecting seat 701, and a rotation drive shaft 703 is provided at the output end of the central drive motor 702.

[0053] Furthermore, the dynamic deflection assembly 8 includes a hollow connecting shaft seat 801 rotatably arranged on the base mounting frame 6; a rotating seat A802 is rotatably disposed on one side of the hollow connecting shaft seat 801; and a turbine 8021 is disposed on the rotating seat A802; a worm gear 803 is disposed on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 opposite to the turbine 8021; and a dynamic deflection drive motor 804 is disposed at one end of the worm gear 803.

[0054] It is worth noting that the deflection assembly 8 also includes a deflection drive motor 805 arranged on the base mounting frame 6, and the output end of the deflection drive motor 805 is provided with a deflection drive wheel 8051. The deflection drive wheel 8051 is connected to the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 via a synchronous belt B. In this invention, the deflection drive motor 805 drives the deflection drive wheel 8051, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 to rotate and deflect. This causes the rotating seat A802 located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 and the clamping mechanism 10 at that position to be adjusted by rotation to form a dual-mode structure of the polishing rack 11, so that the polishing rack 11 can be adapted to the processing requirements of Nell lens aspherical optical elements with different structural states.

[0055] It is worth noting that the bias rotation assembly 9 is arranged on the bias drive motor 901 on the base mounting frame 6, and the output end of the bias drive motor 901 is provided with a bias rotation seat 902.

[0056] It is worth noting that the clamping mechanism 10 includes a clamping drive servo motor 1001 respectively arranged on the ends of the fixed-bias rotating seat 902, the rotating seat A802, and the rotating drive shaft 703; an operation connecting seat 10011 is provided at the end of the clamping drive servo motor 1001; a fixed-point connecting rotating cavity is provided inside the operation connecting seat 10011; hemispherical hook protrusions 1002 are provided on both sides of the fixed-point connecting rotating cavity; and an elastic gear assembly 1003 is provided at the end of the clamping drive servo motor 1001. This invention drives the elastic gear assembly 1003 to rotate by the clamping drive servo motor 1001. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly 1003, the distance between the polished racks 11 of the two elastic gear assemblies 1003 is adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the arc tension and arc in the arc state, as well as the straight state.

[0057] It is worth emphasizing that the elastic gear assembly 1003 includes a gear seat 10031 disposed at the end of the clamping drive servo motor 1001; the gear seat 10031 is provided with an internal cavity; and a connecting shaft 10032 is provided on one side of the gear seat 10031; a spiral extrusion groove 10033 is provided on the connecting shaft 10032; a rotating gear 10034 is movably disposed on the connecting shaft 10032, and an extrusion protrusion 10035 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating gear 10034; and the rotating gear 10034 and the gear seat 10031 are elastically connected by a spring. This invention uses the spring to cause the rotating gear 10034 to slide axially on the connecting shaft 10032, and the extrusion protrusion 10035 causes the rotating gear 10034 to rotate radially on the extrusion groove 10033. This method achieves adaptive compensation for the meshing gap generated by the polishing rack 11 in both straight and arc states, effectively reducing dimensional differences during transmission.

[0058] In addition, the top of the polishing rack 11 is provided with drive teeth that mesh with the elastic gear assembly 1003, and the side of the polishing rack 11 is provided with a sliding point groove 1101 relative to the hooking protrusion 1002; wherein, the side of the polishing rack 11 is provided with a plurality of polishing teeth 1102 relative to the linear distance from the rotation drive shaft 703 to the fixed offset rotating seat 902. The present invention achieves three-point positioning by hooking the sliding point groove 1101 with the hooking protrusion 1002, and the positioning is a point constraint, which effectively improves the arc accuracy of the arc structure.

[0059] Example 2: A fabrication process for an aspherical optical element, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S100: Fixing process: The aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is centrally fixed by adsorption clamp 4051;

[0061] S200: Adjustment Processing

[0062] If the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the deflection drive motor 805 drives the deflection drive wheel 8051, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 to rotate and shift, causing the rotating seat A802 located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 and the clamping mechanism 10 at that position to be adjusted by rotation; then, the clamping drive servo motor 1001 located at the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 and the fixed deflection rotating seat 902 simultaneously drives the elastic gear assembly 1003 to rotate. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly 1003, the arc angle of the polishing rack 11 between the two elastic gear assemblies 1003 is adjusted, so that the polishing rack 11 is locally arc structured, and the three clamping mechanisms 10 form a triangular distribution;

[0063] If the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the deflection drive motor 805 drives the deflection drive wheel 8051 in the opposite direction, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 to rotate and shift, causing the rotating seat A802 located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 and the clamping mechanism 10 at that position to be adjusted by rotation; then, the clamping drive servo motor 1001 located at the hollow connecting shaft seat 801 and the fixed deflection rotating seat 902 simultaneously drives the elastic gear assembly 1003 to rotate, and by independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly 1003, the size distance of the polishing rack 11 between the two elastic gear assemblies 1003 is tightened and adjusted, so that the polishing rack 11 forms a straight structure, and the three clamping mechanisms 10 are linearly distributed.

[0064] S300: Positioning Processing

[0065] If the Nell lens aspherical optical element with a concentric circle structure is to be positioned and adjusted; the position of the hook protrusion 1002 in the three clamping mechanisms 10 is to be positioned by a vision camera, the triangular coordinate system is determined, and then the concentric circle between the three clamping mechanisms 10 is determined by the triangular structure. Then, the multi-stage clamping mechanism 4 is to be positioned in the required position by adjusting the axial guide rail 2 and the lifting guide rail 3.

[0066] If the Nell lens aspherical optical element with a grid structure is to be positioned and adjusted: by measuring the position of the polished toothed rack 11 of the straight structure and adjusting it in conjunction with the axial guide rail 2 and the lifting guide rail 3, the multi-stage clamping mechanism 4 is positioned as required.

[0067] S400: Polishing operation: The bearing housing 4041, key shaft 405 and adsorption clamp 4051 are synchronously driven to slide and adjust the Nell lens aspherical optical element to contact the polishing rack 11 through the return stroke of the drive cylinder 404. Then, the elastic gear assembly 1003 is synchronously driven by three clamping drive servo motors 1001 to rotate, so that the polishing rack 11 reciprocates to achieve the polishing operation.

[0068] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements, characterized in that, It includes an operating platform (1); the operating platform (1) is equipped with a multi-stage clamping mechanism (4) via an axial guide rail (2) and a lifting guide rail (3); A dual-mold polishing mechanism (5) is provided on the operating platform (1) on the opposite side of the multi-level clamping mechanism (4); The dual-mode polishing mechanism (5) includes a base mounting frame (6); a central shaft drive assembly (7) is provided on the base mounting frame (6); and a moving deflection assembly (8) is rotatably provided on the outside of the central shaft drive assembly (7); a fixed deflection rotation assembly (9) is provided on one side of the moving deflection assembly (8). The central shaft drive assembly (7), the moving deflection assembly (8), and the fixed deflection rotation assembly (9) are all equipped with clamping mechanisms (10) at their ends. The clamping end gaps of several clamping mechanisms (10) form a clamping cavity; and a polishing toothed rack (11) is movably and detachably provided in the clamping cavity. The clamping cavity has a horizontal equiaxial clamping state and an arc-shaped clamping state. In the case where the clamping cavity is in an arc-shaped clamping state, the polishing rack (11) is driven to perform a reciprocating circular rotation motion by a plurality of clamping mechanisms (10) to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element. In the case where the clamping cavity is in a horizontal equiaxial clamping state, the polishing rack (11) is driven by several clamping mechanisms (10) to perform reciprocating linear sliding motion to form a polishing structure for the refractive groove of the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element. The dynamic deflection assembly (8) includes a hollow connecting shaft seat (801) rotatably arranged on the base mounting frame (6); a rotating seat A (802) is rotatably arranged on one side of the hollow connecting shaft seat (801); and a turbine (8021) is arranged on the rotating seat A (802); a worm gear (803) is arranged on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) opposite to the turbine gear (8021); and a dynamic deflection drive motor (804) is arranged at one end of the worm gear (803). The deflection assembly (8) also includes a deflection drive motor (805) arranged on the base mounting frame (6), and the output end of the deflection drive motor (805) is provided with a deflection drive wheel (8051), which is connected to the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) via a synchronous belt B. The fixed-axis rotation assembly (9) is arranged on the fixed-axis drive motor (901) on the base mounting frame (6), and the fixed-axis drive motor (901) has a fixed-axis rotation seat (902) at its output end.

2. The polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage clamping mechanism (4) includes a connecting frame (401) arranged on the lifting guide rail (3); a synchronous rotating wheel seat (402) is rotatably arranged on the connecting frame (401); an adjusting drive motor (403) is arranged on one side of the synchronous rotating wheel seat (402), and a synchronous wheel (4031) is arranged at the output end of the adjusting drive motor (403), and the synchronous wheel (4031) is connected to the synchronous rotating wheel seat (402) through a transmission belt A; A drive cylinder (404) is provided on the connecting frame (401) via a mounting base A, and a bearing seat (4041) is provided at the end of the drive cylinder (404); a key shaft (405) is keyed to the axial center position inside the synchronous rotating wheel seat (402), and the key shaft (405) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (4041); wherein, an adsorption clamp (4051) for clamping and connecting the aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is provided at the end of the key shaft (405).

3. The polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The central shaft drive assembly (7) includes a fixed connecting seat (701) arranged on the base mounting frame (6) via mounting seat B. A central drive motor (702) is provided on the fixed connecting seat (701), and a rotation drive shaft (703) is provided at the output end of the central drive motor (702).

4. The polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (10) includes a clamping drive servo motor (1001) respectively arranged on the fixed offset rotating seat (902), the rotating seat A (802) and the end of the rotating drive shaft (703); the end of the clamping drive servo motor (1001) is provided with an operation connecting seat (10011); the operation connecting seat (10011) is provided with a fixed point connecting rotating cavity; the fixed point connecting rotating cavity is provided with hemispherical hook protrusions (1002) on both sides; and the end of the clamping drive servo motor (1001) is provided with an elastic gear assembly (1003).

5. The polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic gear assembly (1003) includes a gear seat (10031) disposed at the end of the clamping drive servo motor (1001); the gear seat (10031) is provided with an internal cavity; and a connecting shaft (10032) is provided on one side of the gear seat (10031); a spiral extrusion groove (10033) is provided on the connecting shaft (10032); a rotating gear (10034) is movably disposed on the connecting shaft (10032), and an extrusion protrusion (10035) is provided on the inner wall of the rotating gear (10034); and the rotating gear (10034) and the gear seat (10031) are elastically connected by a spring.

6. The polishing apparatus for aspherical optical elements as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The polishing rack (11) has a drive tooth on its top that meshes with the elastic gear assembly (1003), and a sliding point groove (1101) is provided on the side of the polishing rack (11) relative to the hook protrusion (1002); wherein, a plurality of polishing teeth (1102) are provided on the side of the polishing rack (11) relative to a distance smaller than the straight-line distance from the rotating drive shaft (703) to the fixed offset rotating seat (902).

7. A fabrication process for an aspherical optical element, the fabrication process being implemented based on the polishing apparatus for the aspherical optical element as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Fixing process: The aspherical optical element of the Nell lens is centrally fixed by adsorption clamp (4051); S200: Adjustment Processing If the concentric circle structure of the Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the deflection drive motor (805) drives the deflection drive wheel (8051), and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) to rotate and shift, so that the rotating seat A (802) located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) and the clamping mechanism (10) at that position are adjusted by rotation; then the clamping drive servo motor (1001) located at the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) and the fixed deflection rotating seat (902) drives the elastic gear assembly (1003) to rotate. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly (1003), the size distance of the polishing rack (11) between the two elastic gear assemblies (1003) is adjusted by arc angle, so that the polishing rack (11) is locally arc structured, and the three clamping mechanisms (10) form a triangular distribution. If the grid-structured Nell lens aspherical optical element is adjusted: the deflection drive motor (805) drives the deflection drive wheel (8051) in the opposite direction, and the synchronous belt B drives the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) to rotate and deflect, so that the rotating seat A (802) located on the side of the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) and the clamping mechanism (10) at that position are adjusted by rotation; then the clamping drive servo motor (1001) located at the hollow connecting shaft seat (801) and the fixed deflection rotating seat (902) drives the elastic gear assembly (1003) to rotate. By independently adjusting the rotation amplitude of the elastic gear assembly (1003), the size distance of the polishing rack (11) between the two elastic gear assemblies (1003) is tightened and adjusted, so that the polishing rack (11) forms a straight structure, and the three clamping mechanisms (10) are linearly distributed. S300: Positioning Processing If the Nell lens aspherical optical element with concentric circle structure is positioned and adjusted; the position of the hook protrusion (1002) in the three clamping mechanisms (10) is positioned by the vision camera, the triangular coordinate system is determined, and then the concentric circle between the three clamping mechanisms (10) is determined by the triangular structure. Then the multi-level clamping mechanism (4) is adjusted to the required position by the axial guide rail (2) and the lifting guide rail (3). If the Nell lens aspherical optical element with a grid structure is to be positioned and adjusted: by measuring the position of the polished toothed rack (11) of the straight structure and adjusting it in conjunction with the axial guide rail (2) and the lifting guide rail (3), the multi-stage clamping mechanism (4) is positioned as required. S400: Polishing operation: The bearing housing (4041), key shaft (405) and adsorption clamp (4051) are synchronously driven to slide and adjust the Nell lens aspherical optical element to contact the polishing rack (11) through the return stroke of the drive cylinder (404). Then, the elastic gear assembly (1003) is synchronously driven by three clamping drive servo motors (1001) to rotate, causing the polishing rack (11) to reciprocate and achieve the polishing operation.

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