Plastic sorting device and plastic sorting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a plastic sorting device and a sorting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of plastic sorting. The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof comprise a screening device, a first sorting device, a second sorting device and a negative pressure generating device, wherein the screening device, the first sorting device, the second sorting device and the negative pressure generating device are all independently arranged; wherein the screening device is used to separate large materials from small materials, and the second sorting device introduces large materials for sorting; wherein the first sorting device comprises a sorting tower. The present invention separates large and small materials for screening by setting the screening device, the first sorting device and the second sorting device, and prevents the situation that large materials hinder the movement of small materials. At the same time, in the process of sorting small materials, specific gravity sorting and electrostatic sorting are combined to improve the sorting efficiency, and in the process of sorting, multiple sorting can be performed in the sorting process to further improve the sorting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic sorting, in particular to a plastic sorting device and a sorting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Plastics are polymer compounds made from monomers through addition polymerization or condensation polymerization. They have a medium deformation resistance, between fiber and rubber. They are composed of synthetic resins and additives such as fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, and colorants. During the production or recycling process, plastic products are processed into plastic granules to prepare for sorting.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN213409456U discloses a plastic sorting device, including a support device, support columns are fixedly installed on both sides of the front top of the support device, a conveyor belt is movably installed on the surface of the front top of the support device, a support frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front top of the support column, a first drive motor and a second drive motor are movably installed at both ends of the inner side of the front bottom of the support frame, and a left elastic spring and a right elastic spring are movably installed at the center position of the front bottom of the first drive motor and the second drive motor. The patent starts the first drive motor and the second drive motor to squeeze the left elastic spring and the right elastic spring, and the left rotating sorting plate and the right rotating sorting plate are rotatably connected with the left inner column and the right inner column, so that the left rotating sorting plate and the right rotating sorting plate can rotate 360 ​​degrees and be introduced into the left sorting conveyor belt and the right sorting conveyor belt movably connected at both ends of the inner side of the front of the conveyor belt, thereby realizing fully automatic sorting of plastics, which is convenient and simple.

[0004] The above patent also has the following shortcomings: the above device can only sort the weight of plastics, but cannot sort the materials of plastics. When sorting PE and PVC materials, the above device cannot be used for sorting. If electrostatic sorting is used, the movement of smaller particles in the electrostatic field is not obvious, resulting in insufficient sorting, requiring multiple screenings, and reducing sorting efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a plastic sorting device and a sorting method thereof, which solves the problem that smaller particles do not move obviously in an electrostatic field, resulting in insufficient sorting, requiring multiple screenings and reducing sorting efficiency.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plastic sorting device, comprising a screening device, a first sorting device, a second sorting device and a negative pressure generating device, wherein the screening device, the first sorting device, the second sorting device and the negative pressure generating device are all independently arranged;

[0007] The screening device is used to separate the large materials from the small materials, and the second sorting device introduces the large materials for sorting;

[0008] Wherein, the first sorting device comprises a sorting tower, each tower section of the sorting tower is in the shape of a lantern, an air intake hole is opened in the middle of the tower top of the sorting tower, and a positive electrode cylinder coaxially arranged with the air intake hole is fixed to the sorting tower, a negative electrode annular plate is fixed in each tower section, an annular partition is fixed inside each tower section, and the annular partition is between the positive electrode cylinder and the negative electrode annular plate, and a plurality of inclined guide plates are fixed between the outer side of the annular partition and the inner side wall of the tower section and between the outer side of the top of the positive electrode cylinder and the inner side wall of the sorting tower;

[0009] Among them, a feed pipe connected to the sorting tower is arranged on one side of the top thereof, and the negative pressure generating device generates negative pressure in the sorting tower through the suction hole, and the sorting tower sucks the small materials screened out by the screening device through the feed pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a shielding cylinder is fixed inside the sorting tower, the shielding cylinder is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder and is located inside the positive electrode cylinder, the shielding cylinder is made of a material that isolates the electric field, and a sealing ring is fixed to the bottom of the shielding cylinder and the positive electrode cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating cylinder is rotatably installed on the outer side of the top end of the positive electrode cylinder, a secondary bevel gear is fixed on the outer side of the rotating cylinder, a shaftless spiral blade coaxially arranged therewith is fixed at one end of the rotating cylinder, and the shaftless threaded blade is movably sleeved on the positive electrode cylinder, and the material of the shaftless spiral blade is a material that does not affect the electric field, a second servo motor is fixed on the outer side of the sorting tower, and the output shaft of the second servo motor is fixed to a transmission shaft coaxially arranged therewith, one end of the transmission shaft is taken into the sorting tower, and a main bevel gear coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the transmission shaft, and the main bevel gear is meshed with the secondary bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, a split ring is fixed inside the bottom of the sorting tower, the split ring is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder, an inner cone bottom plate is fixed inside the split ring, and the inner cone bottom plate does not contact the positive electrode cylinder, and a plurality of through openings are opened at the outer bottom end of the split ring.

[0013] Preferably, the negative pressure generating device includes a second collecting box, a suction hole is opened on the top of the second collecting box, a second hose is arranged between the suction hole and the air intake hole to connect the two, a vacuum pump is fixed on the outside of the second collecting box, and the suction end of the vacuum pump extends into the second collecting box.

[0014] Preferably, a settling plate group is fixedly installed in the second collecting box, and a vertical plate is fixed in the second collecting box to separate the settling plate group from the suction hole.

[0015] Preferably, a sliding opening is provided at the bottom of one side of the second collecting box, a transparent box is movably provided inside the sliding opening, and the transparent box is located below the settling plate group.

[0016] Preferably, the screening device comprises a first collecting box, a discharge pipe connected to the first collecting box is fixed on one side of the first collecting box, a first hose is arranged between the discharge pipe and the feed pipe to connect the two, a spring plate is fixed on the bottom of the first collecting box, a bottom plate is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the springs, a vibration motor is fixed on the outside of the first collecting box, and a screening mechanism is arranged on the top of the first collecting box;

[0017] Wherein, the screening mechanism comprises a support frame, the bottom end of the support frame is fixed to the top of the first collecting box, a rotating hole with a central axis inclined thereon is opened on the outside of the support frame, a mesh hole is rotatably installed inside the rotating hole, a first servo motor is fixed on the outside of the support frame, a transmission gear is fixed on the output shaft of the first servo motor, an outer gear ring coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outside of the mesh hole, the transmission gear is meshed with the outer gear ring, a plurality of stirring plates are fixed inside the mesh hole, and a material guide assembly is arranged inside the first collecting box;

[0018] Wherein, the material guide assembly includes a guide bucket, the outer side of the guide bucket is fixed to the first collecting box, and the guide bucket is located at the bottom end of the mesh hole, the bucket neck of the guide bucket is rotatably installed with a rotating roller, the outer side of the rotating roller is fixed with a partition plate, the outer side of the guide bucket is fixed with a stepper motor, the output shaft of the stepper motor is coaxially fixed with the rotating roller, and an inclined material guide plate is fixed to the top of the first collecting box, and the top of the material guide plate is located below the guide bucket.

[0019] Preferably, the second sorting device includes a sorting box, a feed port is provided on the top of the sorting box, and the feed port is located below the guide plate, a plurality of negative plates and a plurality of positive plates are fixed inside the sorting box, the plurality of negative plates are arranged linearly, the plurality of positive plates are arranged linearly, the plurality of negative plates are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of positive plates, a partition plate is provided between the negative plate and the positive plate aligned with it, an inclined plate is fixed on one side of the partition plate, and a first discharge port and a second discharge port are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the sorting box.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a plastic sorting method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0021] In the first step, the crushed PE and PVC mixed materials are placed into the screening component, and the screening component screens the small materials, and the small materials fall into the first collection box, and the large materials fall into the guide bucket;

[0022] In the second step, the negative pressure generating device generates negative pressure in the sorting tower through the air suction hole, and the sorting tower sucks the small materials screened by the screening device through the feed pipe. The sorting tower performs sorting, and the sorted PVC plastic falls out from the bottom of the sorting tower, and the sorted PE plastic enters the negative pressure generating device;

[0023] In the third step, the large material falls from the guide bucket into the guide plate and enters the sorting box in the second sorting device, and the PVC plastic and PE plastic fall out through the first discharge port and the second discharge port respectively.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof, by setting up a screening device, a first sorting device and a second sorting device, separates large and small materials for screening, thereby preventing the large materials from hindering the movement of small materials. At the same time, in the process of sorting small materials, specific gravity sorting and electrostatic sorting are combined to improve the sorting efficiency. In the process of sorting, multiple sorting can be performed in the sorting process to further improve the sorting efficiency.

[0026] (2) The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof are implemented by a second servo motor, a rotating shaft, a main bevel gear, a secondary bevel gear, a rotating drum and a shaftless spiral blade. The output shaft of the second servo motor causes the rotating shaft to rotate, and the main bevel gear on the rotating shaft rotates synchronously. The main bevel gear causes the rotating drum to rotate through the secondary bevel gear meshing with it, and the rotating drum drives the shaftless spiral blade to rotate. The shaftless spiral blade rotates relative to the positive electrode drum, and the shaftless spiral blade pushes the PE plastic attached to the positive electrode drum downward, thereby improving the discharge rate.

[0027] (3) The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof, through the screening component, the crushed mixed material enters the mesh hole, the first servo motor rotates the transmission gear through the output shaft, the transmission gear rotates the mesh hole through the outer gear ring meshed with it, the small material falls out from the outside of the mesh hole, the large material is introduced into the guide bucket from one end of the mesh hole, the stirring plate in the mesh hole stirs the mixed material to prevent the mixed material from piling up and improve the discharge rate.

[0028] (4) The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof use a material guide assembly and a stepper motor to make the rotating roller rotate at intervals, and the partition plate on the rotating roller rotates accordingly to carry out quantitative material discharge, so that large materials are easier to be evenly dispersed, which is convenient for subsequent electrostatic sorting and improves the sorting efficiency.

[0029] (5) The plastic sorting device and the sorting method thereof, through the second sorting device, the evenly dispersed large materials enter between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. Due to the arrangement of multiple negative electrode plates and positive electrode plates, the large materials are screened multiple times in the second sorting device, thereby improving the sorting efficiency.

[0030] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first sorting device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the first sorting device of the present invention and a schematic diagram of its working principle;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the screening device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screening device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screening component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the guide bucket of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the second sorting device of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second sorting device of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the negative pressure generating device of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure, 1, screening device; 101, first collecting box; 102, screening assembly; 103, material guide assembly; 104, discharge pipe; 105, support frame; 106, mesh hole; 107, stirring plate; 108, first servo motor; 109, transmission gear; 110, outer gear ring; 111, guide bucket; 112, rotating roller; 113, partition plate; 114, spring plate; 2, first sorting device; 201, sorting tower; 202, annular partition plate; 203, negative annular plate; 204, guide plate; 205, feed pipe; 206, positive tube; 207, shaftless spiral blade; 208, second Servo motor; 209, transmission shaft; 210, main bevel gear; 211, rotating cylinder; 212, secondary bevel gear; 213, shielding cylinder; 214, sealing ring; 215, splitting ring; 216, through port; 217, inner cone bottom plate; 3, second sorting device; 301, sorting box; 302, guide plate; 303, negative plate; 304, positive plate; 305, splitting plate; 307, first discharge port; 306, second discharge port; 308, inclined plate; 4, negative pressure generating device; 401, second collecting box; 402, vacuum pump; 404, sedimentation plate group; 405, vertical plate; 406, transparent box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "all around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plastic sorting device, including a screening device 1, a first sorting device 2, a second sorting device 3 and a negative pressure generating device 4, wherein the screening device 1, the first sorting device 2, the second sorting device 3 and the negative pressure generating device 4 are all independently arranged.

[0046] The screening device 1 is used to separate large materials from small materials, and the second sorting device 3 introduces the large materials for sorting.

[0047] Among them, the first sorting device 2 includes a sorting tower 201, each tower section of the sorting tower 201 is lantern-shaped, an air intake hole is opened in the middle of the tower top of the sorting tower 201, and the sorting tower 201 is fixed with a positive electrode cylinder 206 coaxially arranged with the air intake hole, and a negative electrode annular plate 203 is fixed in each tower section, and an annular partition 202 is fixed inside each tower section, and the annular partition 202 is between the positive electrode cylinder 206 and the negative electrode annular plate 203, and a plurality of inclined guide plates 204 are fixed between the outer side of the annular partition 202 and the inner wall of the tower section and between the outer side of the top of the positive electrode cylinder 206 and the inner wall of the sorting tower 201.

[0048] Among them, a feed pipe 205 connected to the sorting tower 201 is arranged on one side of the top thereof, and the negative pressure generating device 4 generates negative pressure in the sorting tower 201 through the suction hole, and the sorting tower 201 sucks in the small materials screened out by the screening device 1 through the feed pipe 205.

[0049] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 2-3 The negative pressure generating device 4 generates negative pressure in the sorting tower 201 through the suction hole. The sorting tower 201 sucks the small materials screened by the screening device 1 through the feeding pipe 205. The small materials are guided by the guide plate 204 and enter the sorting tower 201 in a vortex shape. Since the density of PVC is greater than that of PE, PVC is thrown out before PE. At the same angular velocity, the positive electrode cylinder 206 is positively charged and the negative annular plate 203 is powered. PE is more likely to generate static electricity. PE is attracted to approach the positive electrode cylinder 206 and is divided by the annular partition 202. The sorted PVC is then concentrated at the bottom of the tower section and then enters the next tower section. The above steps are repeated. It can be seen that multiple sorting is performed in the sorting tower 201 to improve the sorting efficiency. It can be seen that large and small materials are screened separately to prevent large materials from hindering the movement of small materials. At the same time, the small material sorting process uses the combination of specific gravity sorting and electrostatic sorting to improve the sorting efficiency. In the sorting process, multiple sorting can be performed during the sorting process to further improve the sorting efficiency.

[0050] Specifically, a shielding cylinder 213 is fixed inside the sorting tower 201. The shielding cylinder 213 is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder 206 and is located inside the positive electrode cylinder 206. The material of the shielding cylinder 213 is selected to be a material that isolates the electric field. The material can be carbon material, which is not limited here. A sealing ring 214 is fixed to the bottom end of the shielding cylinder 213 and the positive electrode cylinder 206.

[0051] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 2-3 , the PE plastic is sucked into the shielding tube 213, and the shielding tube 213 isolates the electric field to prevent the PE plastic from being adsorbed on the positive electrode tube 206 and preventing the material from being discharged.

[0052] Specifically, a rotating cylinder 211 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the top of the positive electrode cylinder 206, and a secondary bevel gear 212 is fixed on the outer side of the rotating cylinder 211. A shaftless spiral leaf 207 coaxially arranged therewith is fixed at one end of the rotating cylinder 211, and the shaftless threaded leaf is movably sleeved on the positive electrode cylinder 206. The material of the shaftless spiral leaf 207 is a material that does not affect the electric field. The material can be a composite wood board, which is not limited here. A second servo motor 208 is fixed on the outer side of the sorting tower 201, and the output shaft of the second servo motor 208 is fixed with a transmission shaft 209 coaxially arranged therewith. One end of the transmission shaft 209 is taken into the sorting tower 201, and a main bevel gear 210 coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the transmission shaft 209, and the main bevel gear 210 is meshed with the secondary bevel gear 212;

[0053] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 3 The output shaft of the second servo motor 208 causes the rotating shaft to rotate, and the main bevel gear 210 on the rotating shaft rotates synchronously. The main bevel gear 210 causes the rotating cylinder 211 to rotate through the secondary bevel gear 212 meshing with it. The rotating cylinder 211 drives the shaftless spiral blade 207 to rotate. The shaftless spiral blade 207 rotates relative to the positive electrode cylinder 206. The shaftless spiral blade 207 pushes the PE plastic attached to the positive electrode cylinder 206 downward to improve the discharge rate.

[0054] Specifically, a split ring 215 is fixed inside the bottom of the sorting tower 201, and the split ring 215 is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder 206. An inner cone bottom plate 217 is fixed inside the split ring 215, and the inner cone bottom plate 217 does not contact the positive electrode cylinder 206. A plurality of through openings 216 are opened at the outer bottom end of the split ring 215.

[0055] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 3 The separated PE is concentrated and gathered on the inner cone bottom plate 217 to be easily sucked away, and the separated PVC falls out through the opening 216.

[0056] Specifically, the negative pressure generating device 4 includes a second collecting box 401, a suction hole is provided on the top of the second collecting box 401, a second hose is provided between the suction hole and the air suction hole to connect the two, an air pump 402 is fixed on the outside of the second collecting box 401, and the air suction end of the air pump 402 is deep into the second collecting box 401;

[0057] In this embodiment, combined with the Fig.11 The vacuum pump 402 creates negative pressure in the second collecting box 401 and the sorting tower 201 , and the PE plastic enters the second collecting box 401 .

[0058] Specifically, a settling plate group 404 is fixedly installed in the second collecting box 401 , and a vertical plate 405 is fixed in the second collecting box 401 to separate the settling plate group 404 from the suction hole.

[0059] In this embodiment, combined with the Fig.11 The PE plastic is settled by the settling plate group 404 to prevent the PE plastic from entering the vacuum pump 402.

[0060] Specifically, a sliding opening is opened at the bottom of one side of the second collecting box 401 , and a transparent box 406 is movably arranged inside the sliding opening, and the transparent box 406 is located below the settling plate group 404 .

[0061] In this embodiment, combined with the Fig.11 , PE plastics are collected in transparent box 406.

[0062] Specifically, the screening device 1 includes a first collecting box 101, a discharge pipe 104 connected to the first collecting box 101 is fixed on one side thereof, a first hose is arranged between the discharge pipe 104 and the feed pipe 205 to connect the two, a spring plate 114 is fixed to the bottom of the first collecting box 101, the bottom ends of the springs are commonly fixed to a bottom plate, a vibration motor is fixed to the outside of the first collecting box 101, and a screening mechanism is arranged on the top of the first collecting box 101; wherein, the screening mechanism includes a support frame 105, the bottom end of the support frame 105 is fixed to the top of the first collecting box 101, a rotating hole with an inclined central axis is opened on the outside of the support frame 105, a mesh hole 106 is rotatably installed inside the rotating hole, a first servo motor 108 is fixed to the outside of the support frame 105, and a transmission gear 1 is fixed to the output shaft of the first servo motor 108 09, an outer gear ring 110 coaxially arranged therewith is fixed to the outer side of the mesh hole 106, a transmission gear 109 is meshed with the outer gear ring 110, a plurality of stirring plates 107 are fixed inside the mesh hole 106, a material guide assembly 103 is arranged inside the first collecting box 101; wherein, the material guide assembly 103 includes a guide bucket 111, the outer side of the guide bucket 111 is fixed to the first collecting box 101, and the guide bucket 111 is located at the bottom end of the mesh hole 106, a rotating roller 112 is rotatably installed on the bucket neck of the guide bucket 111, a partition plate 113 is fixed to the outer side of the rotating roller 112, a stepper motor is fixed to the outer side of the guide bucket 111, and the output shaft of the stepper motor is coaxially fixed with the rotating roller 112, an inclined material guide plate 302 is fixed to the top of the first collecting box 101, and the top of the material guide plate 302 is located below the guide bucket 111.

[0063] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 4-Figure 8The crushed mixed material enters the mesh hole 106, and the first servo motor 108 rotates the transmission gear 109 through the output shaft. The transmission gear 109 rotates the mesh hole 106 through the outer gear ring 110 meshed therewith, and the small material falls into the first collecting box 101 from the outside of the mesh hole 106, and the large material is introduced into the guide bucket 111 from one end of the mesh hole 106. The stirring plate 107 in the mesh hole 106 stirs the mixed material to prevent the mixed material from piling up and improve the discharge rate. At the same time, the vibration motor vibrates, and the first collecting box 101 drives the screening component 102 to vibrate synchronously, so that the unloaded material is easier to fall out of the mesh hole 106 and enter the guide bucket 111. The stepper motor rotates the rotating roller 112 at intervals, and the partition plate 113 on the rotating roller 112 rotates accordingly to perform quantitative unloading, so that the large material is easier to be evenly dispersed, which is convenient for subsequent electrostatic sorting and improves the sorting efficiency.

[0064] Specifically, the second sorting device 3 includes a sorting box 301, a feed port is opened on the top of the sorting box 301, and the feed port is located below the guide plate 302, a plurality of negative plates 303 and a plurality of positive plates 304 are fixed inside the sorting box 301, the plurality of negative plates 303 are arranged linearly, the plurality of positive plates 304 are arranged linearly, the plurality of negative plates 303 are aligned one-to-one with the plurality of positive plates 304, a partition plate 305 is arranged between the negative plate 303 and the positive plate 304 aligned therewith, a tilted plate 308 is fixed on one side of the partition plate 305, and a first discharge port 307 and a second discharge port 306 are respectively opened on both sides of the bottom of the sorting box 301.

[0065] In this embodiment, combined with the Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The evenly dispersed large materials enter between the negative plate 303 and the positive plate 304. Due to the arrangement of multiple negative plates 303 and positive plates 304, the large materials are screened multiple times in the second sorting device 3, thereby improving the sorting efficiency.

[0066] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a plastic sorting method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0067] In the first step, the crushed PE and PVC mixed materials are placed into the screening component 102, and the screening component 102 performs screening. The crushed mixed materials enter the mesh hole 106. The first servo motor 108 rotates the transmission gear 109 through the output shaft. The transmission gear 109 rotates the mesh hole 106 through the outer gear ring 110 meshed therewith. Small materials fall into the first collection box 101 from the outside of the mesh hole 106, and large materials are introduced into the guide bucket 111 from one end of the mesh hole 106. The stirring plate 107 in the mesh hole 106 stirs the mixed materials to prevent the mixed materials from piling up and improve the discharge rate. At the same time, the vibration motor vibrates. The first collecting box 101 drives the screening component 102 to vibrate synchronously, so that the material can fall out of the mesh hole 106 more easily and enter the guide bucket 111. The stepper motor causes the rotating roller 112 to rotate at intervals, and the partition plate 113 on the rotating roller 112 rotates accordingly to carry out quantitative material discharge, so that the large material can be more easily dispersed evenly, and the small material falls into the first collecting box 101, that is, the vacuum pump 402 causes the second collecting box 401 and the sorting tower 201 to generate negative pressure, and the small material enters the first sorting device 2 through the feed pipe 205, and the large material falls into the guide bucket 111, that is, the guide plate 302 conducts vibration to guide the large material into the feed port of the sorting box 301.

[0068] In the second step, the negative pressure generating device 4 generates negative pressure in the sorting tower 201 through the air suction hole, and the sorting tower 201 sucks the small materials screened by the screening device 1 through the feeding pipe 205, and the sorting tower 201 performs sorting, that is, the small materials are guided by the guide plate 204 and enter the sorting tower 201 in a vortex shape. Since the density of PVC is greater than that of PE, PVC is thrown out before PE. At the same angular velocity, the positive electrode cylinder 206 is positively charged, and the negative annular plate 203 is powered. PE is more likely to generate static electricity. PE is attracted to the positive electrode cylinder 206, and the annular partition 202 is used for segmentation. The sorted PVC is then concentrated at the bottom of the tower section, and then enters the next tower section, and the above steps are repeated. It can be seen that multiple sortings are performed in the sorting tower 201, and the output shaft of the second servo motor 208 causes the rotating shaft to rotate, and the main bevel gear 210 on the rotating shaft rotates synchronously. The main bevel gear 210 is meshed with the secondary bevel gear 212 The rotating drum 211 is moved, and the rotating drum 211 drives the shaftless spiral blade 207 to rotate. The shaftless spiral blade 207 and the positive electrode drum 206 rotate relative to each other. The shaftless spiral blade 207 pushes the PE plastic attached to the positive electrode drum 206 downward to improve the discharge rate. During the sorting process, the second servo motor 208 is started synchronously, and the output shaft of the second servo motor 208 causes the rotating shaft to rotate. The main bevel gear 210 on the rotating shaft rotates synchronously. The main bevel gear 210 drives the rotating drum 211 through the secondary bevel gear 212 meshing therewith. The rotating drum 211 drives the shaftless spiral blade 207 to rotate. The shaftless spiral blade 207 and the positive electrode drum 206 rotate relative to each other. The shaftless spiral blade 207 pushes the PE plastic attached to the positive electrode drum 206 downward to improve the discharge rate. The sorted PVC plastic falls out from the bottom of the sorting tower 201, and the sorted PE plastic enters the negative pressure generating device 4.

[0069] In the third step, the large materials fall from the guide bucket 111 into the guide plate 302 and enter into the sorting box 301 in the second sorting device 3, that is, the evenly dispersed large materials enter between the negative plate 303 and the positive plate 304, and the PE plastic is close to the positive plate 304. The PE plastic enters the inclined plate 308 on the dividing plate 305 and is guided out, and the PVC plastic goes vertically downward. Due to the arrangement of multiple negative plates 303 and positive plates 304, the large materials are screened multiple times in the second sorting device 3, and the PVC plastic and PE plastic fall out through the first discharge port 307 and the second discharge port 306 respectively.

[0070] When in use (working), the crushed mixed material enters the mesh hole 106, the first servo motor 108 rotates the transmission gear 109 through the output shaft, and the transmission gear 109 rotates the mesh hole 106 through the outer gear ring 110 meshed therewith, and the small material falls into the first collection box 101 from the outside of the mesh hole 106, and the large material is introduced into the guide bucket 111 from one end of the mesh hole 106. The stirring plate 107 in the mesh hole 106 stirs the mixed material to prevent the mixed material from piling up and improve the discharge rate. At the same time, the vibration motor vibrates, and the first collection box 10 1 drives the screening assembly 102 to vibrate synchronously, so that the material can fall out of the mesh hole 106 more easily and enter the guide bucket 111. The stepper motor makes the rotating roller 112 rotate at intervals, and the partition plate 113 on the rotating roller 112 rotates accordingly to carry out quantitative material discharge, so that the large material can be more easily dispersed evenly; the vacuum pump 402 makes the second collection box 401 and the sorting tower 201 produce negative pressure, and the small material enters the first sorting device 2 through the feed pipe 205. The small material is guided by the guide plate 204 and enters the sorting tower 201 in a vortex shape. Since the density of PVC is greater than that of P E density, PVC should be thrown out before PE at the same angular velocity, the positive electrode cylinder 206 is positively charged, the negative annular plate 203 is powered, PE is more likely to generate static electricity, PE is attracted to the positive electrode cylinder 206, the annular partition 202 is divided, the PVC is sorted and then concentrated at the bottom of the tower section, and then enters the next tower section, repeating the above steps. It can be seen that multiple sorting is performed in the sorting tower 201. During the above sorting process, the second servo motor 208 is started synchronously, and the output shaft of the second servo motor 208 causes the rotating shaft to rotate, and the main bevel gear 210 on the rotating shaft The main bevel gear 210 rotates synchronously, and the secondary bevel gear 212 meshing with it drives the rotating cylinder 211 to rotate. The rotating cylinder 211 drives the shaftless spiral blade 207 to rotate. The shaftless spiral blade 207 and the positive electrode cylinder 206 rotate relative to each other. The shaftless spiral blade 207 pushes the PE plastic attached to the positive electrode cylinder 206 downward to improve the discharge rate; the evenly dispersed large materials enter between the negative plate 303 and the positive plate 304. Due to the arrangement of multiple negative plates 303 and positive plates 304, the large materials are screened multiple times in the second sorting device 3 to improve the sorting efficiency.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A plastic sorting device, comprising a screening device (1), a first sorting device (2), a second sorting device (3) and a negative pressure generating device (4), Features: The screening device (1), the first sorting device (2), the second sorting device (3) and the negative pressure generating device (4) are all independently arranged; The screening device (1) is used to separate large materials from small materials, and the second sorting device (3) introduces the large materials for sorting; The first sorting device (2) comprises a sorting tower (201), each tower section of the sorting tower (201) is lantern-shaped, an air intake hole is provided in the middle of the tower top of the sorting tower (201), and the sorting tower (201) is fixed with a positive electrode cylinder (206) coaxially arranged with the air intake hole, each tower section is fixed with a negative electrode annular plate (203), an annular partition (202) is fixed inside each tower section, and the annular partition (202) is interposed between the positive electrode cylinder (206) and the negative electrode annular plate (203), and a plurality of obliquely arranged guide plates (204) are fixed between the outer side of the annular partition (202) and the inner side wall of the tower section and between the outer side of the top of the positive electrode cylinder (206) and the inner side wall of the sorting tower (201); A feed pipe (205) is provided on one side of the top end of the sorting tower (201) and is in communication with the sorting tower (201); the negative pressure generating device (4) generates negative pressure in the sorting tower (201) through the air suction hole, and the sorting tower (201) sucks in the small materials screened by the screening device (1) through the feed pipe (205); A shielding cylinder (213) is fixed inside the sorting tower (201); the shielding cylinder (213) is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder (206) and is located inside the positive electrode cylinder (206); the material of the shielding cylinder (213) is selected to be a material that isolates the electric field; and a sealing ring (214) is fixed to the bottom ends of the shielding cylinder (213) and the positive electrode cylinder (206).

2. A plastic sorting device according to claim 1, Features: A rotating cylinder (211) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the top end of the positive electrode cylinder (206), a secondary bevel gear (212) is fixed on the outer side of the rotating cylinder (211), a shaftless spiral blade (207) coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on one end of the rotating cylinder (211), and the shaftless spiral blade is movably sleeved on the positive electrode cylinder (206), and the material of the shaftless spiral blade (207) is a material that does not affect the electric field, a second servo motor (208) is fixed on the outer side of the sorting tower (201), and a transmission shaft (209) coaxially arranged therewith is fixed to the output shaft of the second servo motor (208), one end of the transmission shaft (209) is sucked into the sorting tower (201), a main bevel gear (210) coaxially arranged therewith is fixed on the outer side of the transmission shaft (209), and the main bevel gear (210) is meshed with the secondary bevel gear (212).

3. A plastic sorting device according to claim 1, Features: A split ring (215) is fixed inside the bottom of the sorting tower (201), the split ring (215) is coaxially arranged with the positive electrode cylinder (206), an inner cone bottom plate (217) is fixed inside the split ring (215), and the inner cone bottom plate (217) is not in contact with the positive electrode cylinder (206), and a plurality of through openings (216) are provided at the outer bottom end of the split ring (215).

4. A plastic sorting device according to claim 1, Features: The negative pressure generating device (4) comprises a second collecting box (401), a suction hole is provided at the top of the second collecting box (401), a second hose is provided between the suction hole and the air intake hole to connect the two, an air pump (402) is fixed on the outside of the second collecting box (401), and the air intake end of the air pump (402) extends into the second collecting box (401).

5. A plastic sorting device according to claim 4, Features: A settling plate group (404) is fixedly installed inside the second collection box (401), and a vertical plate (405) is fixed inside the second collection box (401) for separating the settling plate group (404) from the suction hole.

6. A plastic sorting device according to claim 5, Features: A sliding opening is provided at the bottom of one side of the second collecting box (401), and a transparent box (406) is movably arranged inside the sliding opening, and the transparent box (406) is located below the settling plate group (404).

7. A plastic sorting device according to claim 1, Features: The screening device (1) comprises a first collecting box (101), a discharge pipe (104) connected to the first collecting box (101) is fixed on one side of the first collecting box (101), a first hose is provided between the discharge pipe (104) and the feed pipe (205) to connect the two, a spring plate (114) is fixed on the bottom of the first collecting box (101), a bottom plate is commonly fixed at the bottom ends of the springs, a vibration motor is fixed on the outside of the first collecting box (101), and a screening mechanism is provided on the top of the first collecting box (101); The screening mechanism comprises a support frame (105), the bottom end of the support frame (105) is fixed to the top of the first collecting box (101), the outer side of the support frame (105) is provided with a rotating hole with a central axis inclined, a mesh hole (106) is rotatably mounted inside the rotating hole, a first servo motor (108) is fixed to the outer side of the support frame (105), a transmission gear (109) is fixed to the output shaft of the first servo motor (108), an outer gear ring (110) coaxially arranged therewith is fixed to the outer side of the mesh hole (106), the transmission gear (109) meshes with the outer gear ring (110), a plurality of stirring plates (107) are fixed inside the mesh hole (106), and a material guide assembly (103) is arranged inside the first collecting box (101); The material guide assembly (103) comprises a guide bucket (111), the outer side of the guide bucket (111) is fixed to the first collection box (101), and the guide bucket (111) is located at the bottom end of the mesh hole (106); a rotating roller (112) is rotatably mounted on the bucket neck of the guide bucket (111), a partition plate (113) is fixed to the outer side of the rotating roller (112), a stepper motor is fixed to the outer side of the guide bucket (111), and the output shaft of the stepper motor is coaxially fixed to the rotating roller (112); an inclined material guide plate (302) is fixed to the top of the first collection box (101), and the top end of the material guide plate (302) is located below the guide bucket (111).

8. A plastic sorting device according to claim 7, Features: The second sorting device (3) comprises a sorting box (301), the top of the sorting box (301) is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is located below the guide plate (302), a plurality of negative plates (303) and a plurality of positive plates (304) are fixed inside the sorting box (301), the plurality of negative plates (303) are arranged linearly, the plurality of positive plates (304) are arranged linearly, the plurality of negative plates (303) and the plurality of positive plates (304) are aligned one-to-one, a partition plate (305) is arranged between the negative plate (303) and the positive plate (304) aligned therewith, a slanted plate (308) is fixed on one side of the partition plate (305), and a first discharge port (307) and a second discharge port (306) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the sorting box (301).

9. A plastic sorting method, comprising a plastic sorting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, It is characterized in that The specific steps are as follows: In the first step, the crushed PE and PVC mixed materials are placed into a screening component (102), and the screening component (102) screens the small materials, and the small materials fall into the first collection box (101), and the large materials fall into the guide bucket (111); In the second step, the negative pressure generating device (4) generates negative pressure in the sorting tower (201) through the air suction hole, and the sorting tower (201) sucks the small materials screened by the screening device (1) into the sorting tower (201) through the feed pipe (205), and the sorting tower (201) performs sorting, and the sorted PVC plastic falls out from the bottom of the sorting tower (201), and the sorted PE plastic enters the negative pressure generating device (4); In the third step, the large material falls from the guide bucket (111) into the guide plate (302) and enters the sorting box (301) in the second sorting device (3), and the PVC plastic and the PE plastic fall out through the first discharge port (307) and the second discharge port (306) respectively.

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