A kind of electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on R290 gas supplement enthalpy increase

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on R290 air supplement enthalpy, it is related to electric vehicle technical field, including power battery, compressor, heat exchanger, water-cooled condenser, first electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, first water pump, second water pump, third water pump, ten-pass valve, low-temperature radiator, air conditioning assembly, first three-way proportional valve, second three-way proportional valve, motor and electric control ware.The application uses R290 as refrigerant, can reduce the influence of system to environment, reduce the negative influence to global warming and ozone layer destruction, simultaneously, the air supplement enthalpy technology used can help system to keep stable operating state under different working conditions, improve the stability and reliability of system, ensure that thermal management system can normally work under various conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the development of electric vehicles is very rapid, and the market share is rapidly increasing. However, the power battery in the electric vehicle has very strict requirements on temperature, especially for lithium electric vehicles. When the ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, the internal resistance of the power electric vehicle becomes large, at this time, there is a problem of low discharge power and inability to charge normally. When the ambient temperature is too high, the internal chemical reaction of the power battery is intensified, at this time, there is an abnormal working problem, and even the risk of fire and explosion. When the electric vehicle is running at a high speed, the power battery needs to provide a large output power to the driving motor, which often generates heat and causes the temperature of the power battery to rise. Therefore, the electric vehicle is equipped with an electric vehicle thermal management control device. When the temperature of the power electric vehicle is too high, it is cooled; when the temperature of the power electric vehicle is too low, it is heated to control the temperature range of the power electric vehicle more evenly.

[0003] At present, the thermal management mode of the electric vehicle usually adopts a single heat dissipation or heating thermal management mode. When heat dissipation is needed, the cooling medium used for heat dissipation is mostly air, resulting in low cooling efficiency. When heating is needed, independent thermal management is usually used, such as PTC heating, the PTC heating efficiency of which is less than 1, which increases the power consumption and the cost, and also has the risk of thermal runaway, resulting in low thermal management efficiency of the electric vehicle. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] An electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase, comprising a power battery, a compressor, a heat exchanger, a water-cooled condenser, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a ten-way valve, a low-temperature radiator, an air conditioning assembly, a first three-way proportional valve, a second three-way proportional valve, a motor and an electric controller.

[0007] The outlet end of the compressor is connected with the inlet end of the first electronic expansion valve, and the outlet end of the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the inlet end of the compressor; the outlet end of the compressor is also communicated with the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser, and the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger through the second electronic expansion valve, and the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the compressor.

[0008] The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the outlet end of the first water pump, the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve, the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with one end of the warm air core in the air conditioning assembly, the other end of the warm air core in the air conditioning assembly is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump, the third interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with the third interface of the ten-way valve, the second interface of the ten-way valve is connected with one end of the low-temperature radiator, the other end of the low-temperature radiator is sequentially connected with the motor and the electric controller and the seventh interface of the ten-way valve, the sixth interface of the ten-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump.

[0009] The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected with the outlet end of the second water pump, the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected with the fourth interface of the ten-way valve, the fifth interface of the ten-way valve is connected with the first interface of the second three-way proportional valve, the second interface of the second three-way proportional valve is connected with the inlet end of the third water pump, the outlet end of the third water pump is connected with the inlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery, the outlet end of the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery is connected with the ninth interface of the ten-way valve, the third interface of the second three-way proportional valve is connected with one end of the cold air core in the air conditioning assembly, the other end of the cold air core in the air conditioning assembly is connected with the inlet end of the second water pump and the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the first interface of the ten-way valve is connected between the low-temperature radiator and the motor, and the tenth interface of the ten-way valve is connected between the second interface of the second three-way proportional valve and the inlet end of the third water pump.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based electric vehicle thermal management system with air supplement and enthalpy increase, a condensing fan for supplying air to the low-temperature radiator is further included.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based electric vehicle thermal management system with air supplement and enthalpy increase, a gas-liquid separator is further included, which is connected between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the inlet end of the compressor.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management system, a first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the compressor, a second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the compressor and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser, and a third temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management system, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the low-temperature radiator and the motor, a second temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve, a third temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the fourth interface of the ten-way valve, a fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve and one end of the heater core in the air conditioning assembly, a fifth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the third water pump and the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery, and a sixth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery and the ninth interface of the ten-way valve.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management system, the refrigerant is R290.

[0015] The application further provides an R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management method, which is based on any one of the R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management systems and comprises the following steps.

[0016] When the motor is cooled, the passenger cabin is refrigerated, and the power battery is cooled, the R290-based air supplement and enthalpy-increasing electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly, a battery cooling circuit, and a motor electric control cooling circuit.

[0017] The refrigerant circuit is that: the compressor sends a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve, the high-temperature refrigerant is sent to the gas-liquid separator by the first electronic expansion valve, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the refrigerant after heat dissipation is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve, the throttled refrigerant is sent to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant that is not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through the pipeline, forming a refrigerant circuit.

[0018] The air conditioning assembly and the battery cooling circuit are that: the cooled cooling liquid in the heat exchanger flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, the second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly, the high-temperature air is blown to the cold air core by the air conditioning blower, the high-temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core, and the air meeting the set temperature of the passenger compartment is blown out, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the second water pump through the pipeline, and is pumped to the battery pack needing cooling by the second water pump, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows out from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid is combined and flows into the second water pump through the pipeline, and is pumped into the heat exchanger through the pipeline by the second water pump to be cooled, forming an air conditioning assembly and a battery cooling circuit.

[0019] The motor and electronic control cooling circuit is that: the water-cooled condenser heats the cooling liquid for cooling the motor and the electronic controller, and the heated cooling liquid flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline, all the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator from the second interface of the ten-way valve, the low-temperature radiator exchanges heat between the external ambient air and the high-temperature cooling liquid by the condensing fan, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the motor and the electronic controller, and the motor and the electronic controller are cooled, then the cooling liquid flows into the seventh interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows into the first water pump from the sixth interface of the ten-way valve, the first water pump pumps the medium-temperature cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, forming a motor and electronic control cooling circuit.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the electric vehicle thermal management method based on R290 supplementary gas enthalpy increase of the application, wherein:

[0021] When in the mode of motor waste heat recovery, passenger cabin heating, and power battery heating, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 supplementing air and increasing enthalpy comprises a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit, and a motor electric control cooling circuit;

[0022] The refrigerant circuit is that a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is delivered by the compressor to the first electronic expansion valve through a pipeline, the high-temperature refrigerant is delivered by the first electronic expansion valve to the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the refrigerant after heat dissipation passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling, the throttled refrigerant is delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through a pipeline, forming a refrigerant circuit.

[0023] The air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit is that the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump is heated and flows into the first three-way proportional valve through a pipeline, the first three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different needs of the passenger cabin and the battery, flows into the warm air core of the air conditioning assembly, the warm air core exchanges heat with the cold air blown by the air blower of the air conditioning assembly to the surface of the warm air core, blows the high-temperature air to the passenger cabin, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the third interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and then flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, all the cooling liquid flows to the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery through the second three-way proportional valve, the third water pump pumps the heated cooling liquid into the power battery through a pipeline to heat the inside of the power battery, the cooled cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel of the power battery flows to the ninth interface of the ten-way valve, and then flows out from the sixth interface of the ten-way valve, and the cooling liquid converges and flows into the first water pump through a pipeline, the first water pump pumps the cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline to absorb heat, forming an air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit.

[0024] The motor electric control cooling circuit is that the cooling liquid after heat absorption from the motor and the electric controller flows to the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the heat exchanger, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second interface of the ten-way valve, the external air is blown to the low-temperature radiator by the condenser fan, the cooling liquid flows from the low-temperature radiator to the motor and the electric controller, and then flows to the seventh interface of the ten-way valve after heat absorption, and then flows to the second water pump through a pipeline from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, and the second water pump pumps the cooling liquid back to the heat exchanger, forming a motor electric control cooling circuit.

[0025] As a preferred scheme of the R290-based air supplementing and enthalpy increasing method for electric vehicle thermal management according to the application, the method further comprises:

[0026] When in the mode of motor heat dissipation, passenger cabin dehumidification and power battery cooling, the R290-based air supplementing and enthalpy increasing method for electric vehicle thermal management comprises a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and a battery cooling circuit, and a motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

[0027] The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor sends a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve through a pipeline, the high-temperature refrigerant is sent to the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline by the first electronic expansion valve, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the refrigerant after heat dissipation passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling, the throttled refrigerant is sent to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant that is not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through a pipeline, forming a refrigerant circuit.

[0028] The air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit comprises: the cooled cooling liquid in the heat exchanger flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, the second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger cabin and the battery, and the flow goes to the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly, the cold air core blows high-temperature air to the cold air core through an air conditioning blower, the high-temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core, blows out air meeting the set temperature inside the passenger cabin, and the cooled cooling liquid flows into the second water pump through a pipeline, is pumped to the battery pack needing cooling by the second water pump, and the cooling liquid after heat exchange flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline and flows out from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid converges and flows into the second water pump through a pipeline, and is pumped into the heat exchanger by the second water pump for cooling, forming an air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit.

[0029] The motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit is: the cooling liquid after cooling the motor and the electric controller is heated in the water-cooled condenser, flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline, part of the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline by the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second interface of the ten-way valve and the pipeline, the low-temperature radiator uses the condensing fan to make the air of the external ambient temperature exchange heat with the high-temperature cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid after cooling flows into the motor and the electric controller, and the motor and the electric controller are cooled, then the cooling liquid flows into the seventh interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and the sixth interface of the ten-way valve is connected with the pipeline, and another part of the cooling liquid flows to the heater core of the air conditioning assembly through the first three-way proportional valve, the heater core blows low-temperature air to the surface of the heater core by the air blower of the air conditioning assembly to exchange heat, blows high-temperature air to the passenger compartment, and the cooling liquid after heat exchange flows into the first water pump through the pipeline and the pipeline of the medium-temperature cooling liquid, the first water pump pumps the cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline to heat, and the motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit is formed.

[0030] As a preferred scheme of the R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase based electric vehicle thermal management method, wherein:

[0031] When in the mode of no demand of the motor, heating of the passenger compartment and waste heat recovery of the power battery, the R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase based electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a refrigerant circuit, a battery waste heat recovery circuit and a motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

[0032] The refrigerant circuit is: the compressor sends part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve through the pipeline, the first electronic expansion valve sends the high-temperature refrigerant to the gas-liquid separator through the pipeline, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the refrigerant after heat dissipation is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve, the throttled refrigerant is sent to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant that is not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through the pipeline, forming the refrigerant circuit.

[0033] The battery waste heat recovery circuit is that: the cooling liquid cooled by the heat exchanger flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve from the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, the second three-way proportional valve distributes all the flow, and the cooling liquid is pumped into the power battery which needs to be cooled by the third water pump, the cooling liquid after heat exchange flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows out from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid converges and flows to the second water pump through the pipeline, and then is pumped into the heat exchanger by the water pump to be cooled, forming the battery waste heat recovery circuit.

[0034] The motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit is that: the cooling liquid cooled for the motor and the electric controller is heated in the water-cooled condenser, flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline, all the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the pipeline from the second interface of the ten-way valve, the low-temperature radiator uses a condensing fan to make the air of the external ring temperature and the high-temperature cooling liquid defrost, the cooling liquid after cooling flows into the motor and the electric controller to cool the motor and the electric controller, and then the cooling liquid flows into the first water pump through the pipeline from the seventh interface of the ten-way valve, the first water pump pumps the cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline to be heated, forming the motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0036] (1) The valve is highly integrated in the present application, the system pipeline is reduced, the flow resistance is reduced, the system structure is compact, the heat management performance can be effectively improved, the cruising range of the whole vehicle can be improved, and the whole vehicle can be lightened.

[0037] (2) The present application uses R290 as a refrigerant, and effectively improves the energy efficiency of the electric vehicle heat management system through the air supplementing and enthalpy increasing technology, so as to reduce energy consumption and improve the overall efficiency of the system; at the same time, R290 is an environmentally friendly refrigerant, which can reduce the influence of the system on the environment, reduce the negative influence on global warming and ozone layer destruction, and meet the environmental protection requirements.

[0038] (3) The air supplementing and enthalpy increasing technology used in the present application can help the system to maintain stable operation state under different working conditions, improve the stability and reliability of the system, and ensure that the heat management system can work normally under various conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0041] 1, power battery; 2, compressor; 3, heat exchanger; 4, water-cooled condenser; 5, first electronic expansion valve; 6, second electronic expansion valve; 7, first water pump; 8, second water pump; 9, third water pump; 10, ten-way valve; 11, low-temperature radiator; 12, cold air core; 13, first three-way proportional valve; 14, second three-way proportional valve; 15, gas-liquid separator; 16, condensing fan; 17, motor; 18, electric control device; 19, warm air core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the content of the present application more easily understood, the following will further describe the present application in detail according to the specific embodiments and in combination with the drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase provided by the present application is shown in the figure. The thermal management system includes a power battery, a compressor, a heat exchanger, a water-cooled condenser, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a ten-way valve, a low-temperature radiator, an air conditioning assembly, a first three-way proportional valve, a second three-way proportional valve, a gas-liquid separator, a condensing fan, a motor, and an electric control device.

[0044] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 , the outlet end of the compressor is connected with the inlet end of the first electronic expansion valve, and the outlet end of the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the inlet end of the compressor. The outlet end of the compressor is also in communication with the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser, the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger through the second electronic expansion valve, and the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the compressor. The gas-liquid separator is connected between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the inlet end of the compressor.

[0045] The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the outlet end of the first water pump, the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve, the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with one end of the warm air core body in the air conditioning assembly, and the other end of the warm air core body in the air conditioning assembly is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump. The third interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with the third interface of the ten-way valve, the second interface of the ten-way valve is connected with one end of the low-temperature radiator, the other end of the low-temperature radiator is sequentially connected with the motor and the electric controller and the seventh interface of the ten-way valve, and the sixth interface of the ten-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump. The condensing fan is arranged on one side of the low-temperature radiator and is used for sending air to the low-temperature radiator.

[0046] The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the outlet end of the first water pump, the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve, the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with one end of the warm air core body in the air conditioning assembly, and the other end of the warm air core body in the air conditioning assembly is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump. The third interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected with the third interface of the ten-way valve, the second interface of the ten-way valve is connected with one end of the low-temperature radiator, the other end of the low-temperature radiator is sequentially connected with the motor and the electric controller and the seventh interface of the ten-way valve, and the sixth interface of the ten-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the first water pump. The condensing fan is arranged on one side of the low-temperature radiator and is used for sending air to the low-temperature radiator.

[0047] Preferably, referring to Figure 1 A first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the compressor. A second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the compressor and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser. A third temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger.

[0048] Further, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the low-temperature radiator and the motor. A second temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve. A third temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the fourth interface of the ten-way valve. A fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve and one end of the warm air core body in the air conditioning assembly. A fifth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the third water pump and the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery. A sixth temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline between the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery and the ninth interface of the ten-way valve.

[0049] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the refrigerant used is R290. R290 is a natural working substance, also known as propane, which is an environmentally friendly and efficient refrigerant. Using R290 in refrigeration and air conditioning systems can reduce the negative impact on the environment, as it has little damage to the ozone layer and little potential impact on global warming. At the same time, the air supplement and enthalpy increase thermal management system is a technology used to optimize the performance of R290 refrigeration system. This system can improve the efficiency of the system, reduce energy consumption, and maximize the advantages of R290 as a refrigerant. The air supplement technology is usually used to adjust the amount of refrigerant in the system to ensure that the system can operate efficiently under various working conditions. The enthalpy increase thermal management system takes into account the unique properties of R290, including its combustion characteristics and thermodynamic performance. By precisely controlling the heat flow and compression process in the system, the enthalpy increase thermal management system can ensure that the system maintains stable operating conditions under various working conditions, improving overall performance and efficiency.

[0050] The present embodiment also provides an R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase electric vehicle thermal management method based on the above-mentioned R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase electric vehicle thermal management system. The method includes the following modes:

[0051] When the system is in the mode of motor heat dissipation, passenger cabin refrigeration, and power battery cooling, the R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase electric vehicle thermal management system includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly, a battery cooling circuit, and a motor electric control cooling circuit, and the specific circuit control mode is as follows:

[0052] The refrigerant circuit is as follows: a portion of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is delivered by the compressor to the first electronic expansion valve, and the high-temperature refrigerant is delivered by the first electronic expansion valve to the gas-liquid separator, and the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form a medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, which flows into the compressor. Another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The refrigerant after heat dissipation passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling, and the throttled refrigerant is delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the unevaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through the pipeline, forming a refrigerant circuit.

[0053] The air conditioning assembly and the battery cooling circuit are: the cooled cooling liquid in the heat exchanger flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve. The second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger cabin and the battery, and the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly. The cold air core blows high-temperature air to the cold air core through the air blower of the air conditioner. The high-temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core, blows out the air meeting the set temperature of the passenger cabin, and the cooled cooling liquid flows into the second water pump through the pipeline. The cooling liquid is pumped to the battery pack that needs to be cooled by the second water pump. The cooled cooling liquid flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows out from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve. The cooling liquid converges and flows into the second water pump through the pipeline. The second water pump pumps the cooling liquid into the heat exchanger to cool down, forming the air conditioning assembly and the battery cooling circuit.

[0054] The motor and electronic control cooling circuit is: the water-cooled condenser heats the cooling liquid for cooling the motor and the electronic controller, which flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline. All the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second interface of the ten-way valve. The low-temperature radiator exchanges heat between the external ambient air and the high-temperature cooling liquid through the condensing fan. The cooled cooling liquid flows into the motor and the electronic controller to cool them. Then the cooling liquid flows into the seventh interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and then flows into the first water pump through the sixth interface of the ten-way valve. The first water pump pumps the medium-temperature cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, forming the motor and electronic control cooling circuit.

[0055] When the system is in the mode of motor waste heat recovery, passenger cabin heating and power battery heating, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit and a motor and electronic control cooling circuit. The specific circuit control mode is as follows:

[0056] The refrigerant circuit is: the compressor sends a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve through the pipeline. The first electronic expansion valve sends the high-temperature refrigerant to the gas-liquid separator through the pipeline. The high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant mixes to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor. Another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The heat dissipated refrigerant is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve. The throttled refrigerant is sent to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator. The refrigerant that is not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through the pipeline, forming the refrigerant circuit.

[0057] The air conditioning assembly and the battery heating circuit are as follows: the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline, the first three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different needs of the passenger cabin and the battery, and flows into the heater core of the air conditioning assembly, the cold air is blown to the surface of the heater core by the air blower of the air conditioning assembly to exchange heat, the high-temperature air is blown to the passenger cabin, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the third interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and then flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, all the cooling liquid flows into the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery through the second three-way proportional valve, the heated cooling liquid is pumped into the power battery by the third water pump through the pipeline to heat the inside of the power battery, the cooled cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel in the power battery flows to the ninth interface of the ten-way valve, and then flows out from the sixth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid converges and flows into the first water pump through the pipeline, and the first water pump pumps the cooling liquid into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline to absorb heat, forming the air conditioning assembly and the battery heating circuit.

[0058] The motor and electric control cooling circuit is as follows: the cooling liquid after absorbing heat from the motor and the electric control flows to the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the heat exchanger, and flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second interface of the ten-way valve, the external air is blown to the low-temperature radiator by the condensing fan, the cooling liquid flows to the motor and the electric control from the low-temperature radiator, absorbs heat and flows to the seventh interface of the ten-way valve, and then flows to the second water pump through the eighth interface of the ten-way valve and the pipeline, and the second water pump pumps the cooling liquid back to the heat exchanger, forming the motor and electric control cooling circuit.

[0059] When the system is in the mode of motor heat dissipation, passenger cabin dehumidification and power battery cooling, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit and a motor and electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit, and the specific circuit control mode is as follows:

[0060] The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor sends a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve through the pipeline, the high-temperature refrigerant is sent to the gas-liquid separator through the pipeline by the first electronic expansion valve, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant is mixed to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the cooled refrigerant is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve, the throttled refrigerant is sent to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the unevaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through the pipeline, forming the refrigerant circuit.

[0061] The air conditioning assembly and the battery cooling circuit comprise: the cooled cooling liquid in the heat exchanger flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, the second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger cabin and the battery, the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly, the high-temperature air is blown to the cold air core through the air blower of the air conditioner, the high-temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core, the air meeting the set temperature inside the passenger cabin is blown out, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the second water pump through the pipeline, is pumped to the battery pack needing cooling by the second water pump, and the cooled cooling liquid flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and flows out from the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid is combined and flows into the second water pump through the pipeline, and is pumped into the heat exchanger through the pipeline to be cooled, forming the air conditioning assembly and the battery cooling circuit.

[0062] The motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit is: the cooling liquid cooled for the motor and the electric controller is heated in the water-cooled condenser and flows into the first three-way proportional valve through the pipeline, part of the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline by the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second interface of the ten-way valve, the low-temperature radiator uses the condensing fan to make the air at the outside ambient temperature exchange heat with the cooling liquid at high temperature, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the motor and the electric controller, and the motor and the electric controller are cooled, then the cooling liquid flows into the seventh interface of the ten-way valve through the pipeline, and is connected with the pipeline through the sixth interface of the ten-way valve, and flows to the warm air core of the air conditioning assembly through the first three-way proportional valve together with another part of the cooling liquid, the low-temperature air is blown to the surface of the warm air core by the air blower of the air conditioning assembly, the high-temperature air is blown to the passenger cabin, the cooled cooling liquid flows into the first water pump through the pipeline after being combined with the medium-temperature cooling liquid through the pipeline, and the cooling liquid is pumped into the water-cooled condenser through the pipeline by the first water pump to be heated, forming the motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

[0063] When the system is in the mode of no motor demand, passenger cabin heating and power battery waste heat recovery, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 air supplement and enthalpy increase comprises a refrigerant circuit, a battery waste heat recovery circuit and a motor electric control cooling and dehumidification circuit, and specific circuit control modes are as follows:

[0064] The refrigerant circuit is: the compressor delivers a part of the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the first electronic expansion valve through a pipeline, the high-temperature refrigerant is delivered to the gas-liquid separator by the first electronic expansion valve through a pipeline, the high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerant mixes to form medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor, another part of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump, the refrigerant after heat dissipation is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve, the throttled refrigerant is delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second medium pipeline of the heat exchanger, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, and the refrigerant that is not completely evaporated flows into the compressor through a pipeline, forming a refrigerant circuit.

[0065] The battery waste heat recovery circuit is: the cooling liquid after heat exchange flows into the fourth interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth interface of the ten-way valve, the second three-way proportional valve distributes all the flow, and the cooling liquid is pumped into the power battery which needs to be cooled by the third water pump, the cooling liquid after heat exchange flows into the ninth interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and flows out through the eighth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid converges and flows to the second water pump through a pipeline, and is pumped into the heat exchanger by the water pump for cooling, forming a battery waste heat recovery circuit.

[0066] The motor and electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit is: the cooling liquid after cooling the motor and the electronic controller heats up in the water-cooled condenser and flows into the first three-way proportional valve through a pipeline, all the cooling liquid flows to the third interface of the ten-way valve through the first three-way proportional valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through a pipeline from the second interface of the ten-way valve, the low-temperature radiator uses a condensing fan to make the air outside the ring temperature and the high-temperature cooling liquid defrost, the cooling liquid after cooling flows into the motor and the electronic controller to cool the motor and the electronic controller, and then the cooling liquid flows into the seventh interface of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and flows into the first water pump from the sixth interface of the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid is pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump for heating, forming a motor and electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

[0067] Therefore, the technical scheme of the application provides an electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on R290 gas supplement and enthalpy increase, which effectively improves the system efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and maximizes the use of R290, an environmentally friendly and efficient refrigerant.

[0068] In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the application can have other implementation manners; any technical scheme formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for electric vehicles based on R290 enthalpy enhancement, characterized in that: Including power batteries, compressors, heat exchangers, water-cooled condensers, first electronic expansion valves, second electronic expansion valves, first water pumps, second water pumps, third water pumps, ten-way valves, low-temperature radiators, air conditioning assemblies, first three-way proportional valves, second three-way proportional valves, motors, and electronic controllers; The compressor's outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the first electronic expansion valve, and the first electronic expansion valve's outlet end is connected to the compressor's inlet end; the compressor's outlet end is also connected to the inlet end of the first medium pipeline inside the water-cooled condenser, and the outlet end of the first medium pipeline inside the water-cooled condenser is connected to the inlet end of the first medium pipeline inside the heat exchanger through the second electronic expansion valve, and the outlet end of the first medium pipeline inside the heat exchanger is connected to the compressor's inlet end. The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected to the outlet end of the first water pump. The outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser is connected to the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve. The second interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected to one end of the heater core in the air conditioning assembly. The other end of the heater core in the air conditioning assembly is connected to the inlet end of the first water pump. The third interface of the first three-way proportional valve is connected to the third interface of the ten-way valve. The second interface of the ten-way valve is connected to one end of the low-temperature radiator. The other end of the low-temperature radiator is connected to the seventh interface of the ten-way valve in sequence through the motor and the electronic controller. The sixth interface of the ten-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the first water pump. The inlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the second water pump. The outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger is connected to the fourth port of the ten-way valve. The fifth port of the ten-way valve is connected to the first port of the second three-way proportional valve. The second port of the second three-way proportional valve is connected to the inlet end of the third water pump. The outlet end of the third water pump is connected to the inlet end of the coolant flow channel in the power battery. The outlet end of the coolant flow channel in the power battery is connected to the ninth port of the ten-way valve. The third port of the second three-way proportional valve is connected to one end of the cold air core in the air conditioning assembly. The other end of the cold air core in the air conditioning assembly is connected to the inlet end of the second water pump and the eighth port of the ten-way valve. The first port of the ten-way valve is connected between the low-temperature radiator and the motor. The tenth port of the ten-way valve is connected between the second port of the second three-way proportional valve and the inlet end of the third water pump.

2. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a condenser fan for supplying air to the low-temperature radiator.

3. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the inlet end of the compressor.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the compressor. A second temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between the compressor and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser. A third temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between the outlet end of the first medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the inlet end of the first medium pipeline in the heat exchanger.

5. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the low-temperature radiator and the motor; a second temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the water-cooled condenser and the first interface of the first three-way proportional valve; a third temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the outlet end of the second medium pipeline in the heat exchanger and the fourth interface of the ten-way valve; a fourth temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the second interface of the first three-way proportional valve and one end of the heater core in the air conditioning assembly; a fifth temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the outlet end of the third water pump and the coolant flow channel in the power battery; and a sixth temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline between the coolant flow channel in the power battery and the ninth interface of the ten-way valve.

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The refrigerant is R290.

7. A thermal management method for electric vehicles based on R290 enthalpy enhancement by gas injection, which is based on the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 enthalpy enhancement by gas injection as described in claim 6, characterized in that: include: When in the mode of motor heat dissipation, passenger compartment cooling, and power battery cooling, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas replenishment and enthalpy enhancement includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit, and a motor electronic control cooling circuit. The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor delivers a portion of the compressed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant through a pipeline to the first electronic expansion valve. The first electronic expansion valve then delivers the high-temperature refrigerant through a pipeline to the gas-liquid separator. The high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerants mix to form a medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, which then flows into the compressor. Another portion of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the coolant pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The refrigerant that has been cooled passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling. The throttled refrigerant is then delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the coolant in the second medium pipeline within the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, while the incompletely evaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through a pipeline, thus forming the refrigerant circuit. The air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit are as follows: the coolant cooled in the heat exchanger flows into the fourth port of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and then flows into the second three-way proportional valve through the fifth port of the ten-way valve. The second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, and flows to the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly. The cold air core is blown by the air conditioning blower. The high temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core and blows out air that meets the set temperature inside the passenger compartment. The coolant after heat exchange flows into the second water pump through a pipeline, and is pumped by the second water pump to the battery pack that needs to be cooled. The coolant after heat exchange flows into the ninth port of the ten-way valve through a pipeline, and flows out through the eighth port of the ten-way valve. The coolant merges and flows into the second water pump through a pipeline, and is then pumped into the heat exchanger through the pipeline for cooling, forming the air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit. The motor and electronic control cooling circuit is as follows: the water-cooled condenser heats the coolant after it has cooled the motor and electronic controller, and the coolant flows through a pipeline into the first three-way proportional valve. The first three-way proportional valve directs all the coolant to the third port of the ten-way valve, and then from the second port of the ten-way valve into the low-temperature radiator. The low-temperature radiator uses a condenser fan to exchange heat between the ambient air and the high-temperature coolant. The cooled coolant then flows into the motor and electronic controller to cool them down. After that, the coolant flows through a pipeline into the seventh port of the ten-way valve, and then from the sixth port of the ten-way valve into the first water pump. The first water pump pumps the medium-temperature coolant through a pipeline into the water-cooled condenser, thus forming the motor and electronic control cooling circuit.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management method based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: When in the mode of motor waste heat recovery, passenger compartment heating, and power battery heating, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas replenishment and enthalpy enhancement includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit, and a motor electronic control cooling circuit. The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor delivers a portion of the compressed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant through a pipeline to the first electronic expansion valve. The first electronic expansion valve then delivers the high-temperature refrigerant through a pipeline to the gas-liquid separator. The high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerants mix to form a medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, which then flows into the compressor. Another portion of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the coolant pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The refrigerant that has been cooled passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling. The throttled refrigerant is then delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the coolant in the second medium pipeline within the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, while the incompletely evaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through a pipeline, thus forming the refrigerant circuit. The air conditioning assembly and battery heating circuit are as follows: Coolant pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump is heated and flows through a pipeline into the first three-way proportional valve. The first three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different needs of the passenger compartment and the battery, and the coolant flows into the heating core of the air conditioning assembly. The blower of the air conditioning assembly blows cold air over the surface of the heating core for heat exchange, and blows the hot air into the passenger compartment. The cooled coolant, after heat exchange, flows through a pipeline into the third port of the ten-way valve, and then from the fifth port of the ten-way valve into the... The second and third proportional valves direct all coolant flow to the coolant channel within the power battery. The third water pump pumps heated coolant into the power battery through a pipeline to heat the battery's interior. The coolant, after heat exchange within the power battery's coolant channel, flows to the ninth port of the ten-way valve and exits from the sixth port. The combined coolant flows through a pipeline into the first water pump, which then pumps it into the water-cooled condenser for heat absorption, forming a heating circuit between the air conditioning assembly and the battery. The motor control cooling circuit is as follows: the coolant, after absorbing heat from the motor and the controller, flows through the heat exchanger to the fourth port of the ten-way valve, and then flows into the low-temperature radiator through the second port of the ten-way valve. The condenser fan blows external air onto the low-temperature radiator, and the coolant flows from the low-temperature radiator to the motor and the controller. After absorbing heat, it flows to the seventh port of the ten-way valve, and then flows through the pipeline from the eighth port of the ten-way valve to the second water pump. The second water pump pumps the coolant back to the heat exchanger to form the motor control cooling circuit.

9. The electric vehicle thermal management method based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: When in the mode of motor heat dissipation, passenger compartment dehumidification, and power battery cooling, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement includes a refrigerant circuit, an air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit, and a motor electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit. The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor delivers a portion of the compressed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant through a pipeline to the first electronic expansion valve. The first electronic expansion valve then delivers the high-temperature refrigerant through a pipeline to the gas-liquid separator. The high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerants mix to form a medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, which then flows into the compressor. Another portion of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the coolant pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The refrigerant that has been cooled passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling. The throttled refrigerant is then delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the coolant in the second medium pipeline within the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, while the incompletely evaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through a pipeline, thus forming the refrigerant circuit. The air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit includes: the coolant cooled in the heat exchanger flows through a pipe into the fourth port of the ten-way valve, and then through the fifth port of the ten-way valve into the second three-way proportional valve. The second three-way proportional valve distributes the flow according to the different heat load requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, and flows to the cold air core of the air conditioning assembly. The cold air core is blown by the air conditioning blower. The high temperature air exchanges heat with the cold air core and blows out air that meets the set temperature inside the passenger compartment. The coolant after heat exchange flows through a pipe into the second water pump, and is pumped by the second water pump to the battery pack that needs to be cooled. The coolant after heat exchange flows through a pipe into the ninth port of the ten-way valve and flows out through the eighth port of the ten-way valve. The coolant merges and flows through a pipe into the second water pump, and is then pumped by the second water pump into the heat exchanger for cooling, forming the air conditioning assembly and battery cooling circuit. The motor control cooling and dehumidification circuit is as follows: After cooling the motor and the controller, the coolant is heated in the water-cooled condenser and then flows through a pipeline into the first three-way proportional valve. Through the first three-way proportional valve, a portion of the coolant flows through a pipeline to the third port of the ten-way valve, and then from the second port of the ten-way valve, it flows through a pipeline into the low-temperature radiator. The low-temperature radiator uses a condenser fan to exchange heat between the ambient air and the high-temperature coolant. The cooled coolant then flows into the motor and the controller to further cool them. Coolant flows through a pipeline into the seventh port of the ten-way valve, and then connects to the pipeline through the sixth port of the ten-way valve. It then flows together with another portion of coolant through the first three-way proportional valve to the heating core of the air conditioning assembly. The blower of the air conditioning assembly blows low-temperature air onto the surface of the heating core for heat exchange, and blows high-temperature air into the passenger compartment. After heat exchange, the coolant flows through a pipeline and merges with the medium-temperature coolant before flowing into the first water pump. The first water pump pumps the coolant through the pipeline into the water-cooled condenser for heating, forming a motor-controlled cooling and dehumidification circuit.

10. The electric vehicle thermal management method based on R290 gas injection and enthalpy enhancement according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: When the electric vehicle is in a mode where there is no demand for the motor, the passenger compartment is heated, and the power battery waste heat is recovered, the electric vehicle thermal management system based on R290 gas replenishment and enthalpy enhancement includes a refrigerant circuit, a battery waste heat recovery circuit, and a motor electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit. The refrigerant circuit is as follows: the compressor delivers a portion of the compressed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant through a pipeline to the first electronic expansion valve. The first electronic expansion valve then delivers the high-temperature refrigerant through a pipeline to the gas-liquid separator. The high-temperature and low-temperature gaseous refrigerants mix to form a medium-temperature gaseous refrigerant, which then flows into the compressor. Another portion of the refrigerant enters the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the coolant pumped into the water-cooled condenser by the first water pump. The refrigerant that has been cooled passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling. The throttled refrigerant is then delivered to the first medium pipeline of the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the coolant in the second medium pipeline within the heat exchanger. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator, while the incompletely evaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor through a pipeline, thus forming the refrigerant circuit. The battery waste heat recovery circuit is as follows: the coolant cooled by the heat exchanger flows through the pipeline into the fourth port of the ten-way valve, and then flows through the fifth port of the ten-way valve into the second three-way proportional valve. The second three-way proportional valve distributes all the flow, and the third water pump pumps the coolant into the power battery that needs to be cooled. After heat exchange, the coolant flows through the pipeline into the ninth port of the ten-way valve, and then flows out through the eighth port of the ten-way valve. The coolant flows through the pipeline to the second water pump, and then the water pump pumps it into the heat exchanger for cooling, thus forming the battery waste heat recovery circuit. The motor electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit is as follows: the coolant after cooling the motor and the electronic controller is heated in the water-cooled condenser and then flows through the pipeline into the first three-way proportional valve. The first three-way proportional valve causes all the coolant to flow to the third port of the ten-way valve, and then from the second port of the ten-way valve, it flows through the pipeline into the low-temperature radiator. The low-temperature radiator uses a condenser fan to defrost the ambient air and the high-temperature coolant. The cooled coolant flows into the motor and the electronic controller to cool them down. Then, the coolant flows through the pipeline into the seventh port of the ten-way valve, and then from the sixth port of the ten-way valve into the first water pump. The first water pump pumps the coolant through the pipeline into the water-cooled condenser for heating, thus forming the motor electronic control cooling and dehumidification circuit.

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