Integrated packer type drilling-free cementing tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cementing equipment, and is an integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool, comprising a housing, a sleeve, a rubber cylinder, a positioning mechanism, shear pins, and a vertically arranged center tube. The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure, and the center tube is lowered into a predetermined position in the well together with the casing string. After the first-level cementing collision pressure is completed, the casing continues to be pressurized. When the spacer moves downward to the set position, the positioning mechanism fixes the spacer and the housing together. At this time, the rubber cylinder expands outward, and the expanded outer diameter reaches the maximum value. When the pressure reaches the maximum pressure-bearing value of the bursting disc, the bursting disc ruptures, and the inside of the casing and the annulus form a circulation channel to perform the second-level cementing. The present invention can realize the expansion sealing of the rubber cylinder only through a sleeve, and the positioning mechanism can form a positioning effect on the sleeve, and the sleeve cannot move up and down. The inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool are still two independent working systems, which will not be connected in series, greatly improving the success rate of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cementing equipment and is an integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool. Background Art

[0002] In cementing construction, since the cementing sealing section of some wells is too long and the pressure difference is too high, the general cementing equipment has insufficient displacement pressure and it is difficult to meet the construction requirements. When cementing low-pressure and leak-prone wells, the one-time sealing section is too long, resulting in excessive pressure difference, which is also easy to cause well leakage, or other reasons make cementing impossible. In this case, it is necessary to use a graded cementing process, that is, use a graded cementing device to first cement the lower part, and then cement the upper part after the cementing is completed. Segmented cementing can effectively solve the above problems.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN202850941U discloses a drilling-free graded cementing device, which includes a body and a hole-opening sleeve; an internal thread is provided at the lower end of the body, the hole sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the body by means of a hole-closing sleeve shearing nail, a plug sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the hole-closing sleeve by means of a plug sleeve shearing nail, a boss is fixed at the lower end of the plug sleeve, a clamping table is fixed on the inner side of the lower part of the body, the inner diameter of the clamping table is the same as the inner diameter of the hole-closing sleeve, and the inner diameter of the clamping table is the same as the inner diameter of the hole-closing sleeve. A perforated sleeve seat is fixedly installed on the inner side by shear nails of the perforated sleeve seat, and the perforated sleeve includes a perforated sleeve body and a perforated sleeve head; the upper end of the perforated sleeve body and the lower end of the perforated sleeve head are fixed together, the lower outer side of the perforated sleeve body and the upper inner side of the perforated sleeve seat are fixedly installed together by shear nails of the perforated sleeve, and the perforated sleeve head is sleeved on the inner side of the lower end of the closing sleeve, and a sealed cavity is formed among the main body, the closing sleeve, the perforated sleeve head, the perforated sleeve body, the perforated sleeve seat and the card table, and there is at least one hole on the main body that communicates with the sealed cavity.

[0004] The Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN202659209U discloses a hydraulic reverse hole-opening and non-drilling plug grading collar, which includes a body, a lower joint, a hole-opening sleeve, a detachable inner sleeve and a hole-closing sleeve; the inner side of the lower end of the body and the outer side of the upper end of the lower joint are fixedly installed together, at least one circulation through hole is radially distributed along the circumference of the lower part of the body, and a hole-closing sleeve corresponding to the inner diameter of the lower joint is fixedly installed in the body above the circulation through hole through a hole-closing shear nail, a stopper is installed between the hole-closing sleeve and the body, and an annular sliding groove is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the hole-closing sleeve. An opening sleeve corresponding to the inner diameter of the lower joint is fixedly installed in the body below the through hole by an opening shear nail, the lower end of the detachable inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the opening sleeve by the detachable shear nail, the upper part of the detachable inner sleeve is sleeved on the upper end of the hole-closing sleeve, a guide shear nail is fixedly installed in the middle part of the detachable inner sleeve, the outer end of the guide shear nail is located in the sliding groove, and a plug inner boss for fixing the hole-closing plug is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the detachable inner sleeve, an annular hole-sealing cavity is formed between the opening sleeve, the hole-closing sleeve, the detachable inner sleeve and the body; an overflow hole for pressure relief is provided on the body corresponding to the upper side of the hole-sealing cavity.

[0005] The Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN201574724U discloses a full-bore graded cementing device, which includes an upper joint, a lower joint, a barrel, a closing hole sleeve and a rubber plug sleeve; the inner side of the upper end and the inner side of the lower end of the barrel are respectively fixedly connected with the outer side of the lower end of the upper joint and the outer side of the upper end of the lower joint; there is at least one liquid inlet hole communicating with the inside and outside in the middle of the barrel, an inner boss is provided on the barrel below the liquid inlet hole, and a closing hole sleeve with the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the inner boss is provided on the inner side of the barrel between the liquid inlet hole and the upper joint, and the closing hole sleeve is connected to the upper shear The cutting pin is fixedly installed together with the cylinder body, a radial positioning groove is provided at the lower part of the hole-closing sleeve, a plug sleeve is provided on the inner side of the hole-closing sleeve, the lower end of the plug sleeve is fixedly installed together with the inner boss through the lower shear pin, a positioning pin is provided in the middle part of the plug sleeve, the outer end of the positioning pin passes through the plug sleeve and is located in the positioning groove and can move downward, at least one through hole that can be connected with the liquid inlet hole is provided on the plug sleeve below the positioning groove, a lower boss is provided in the lower part of the plug sleeve, and an upper boss whose inner diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the lower boss is provided in the middle part of the plug sleeve.

[0006] The traditional graded hoop opening and closing structure is fixed with shear nails. After the shear force is reached, the shear nails are cut off to achieve the purpose of opening and closing the graded hoop. However, the existing isolation type cementing tools and the above-mentioned cementing tools have many parts and complex structures. The movements are complicated during operation. It is easy for the failure of a certain structure to cause the failure of the entire graded cementing device, which has a great impact on construction safety. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides an integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problems of the existing isolation type cementing tool, such as complex structure, cumbersome operation, easy influence between various actions, and failure of a single structure that may lead to the inability to complete all subsequent actions normally.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: an integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool, including a shell, a sliding sleeve, a rubber cylinder, a positioning mechanism, shear nails and a vertically arranged center tube, the outer side of the upper part of the center tube is fixedly installed with the inner side of the upper part of the shell, a limiting sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the center tube, a sliding sleeve is provided on the outer side of the center tube sealing sleeve corresponding to the position above the limiting sleeve, a rubber cylinder is provided on the outer side of the center tube corresponding to the position between the lower end of the sliding sleeve and the upper end of the limiting sleeve, a spacer sleeve is fixed on the upper end of the sliding sleeve and is sleeved between the outer side of the center tube and the inner side of the shell, a shear nail is installed between the spacer sleeve and the shell, and a shear nail is provided at the position above the shear nail. A positioning mechanism is provided on the outside of the spacer sleeve, and the positioning mechanism can be fixed together with the outer shell when the spacer sleeve moves downward to a set position. A plurality of liquid inlet holes connected inside and outside are provided on the inner side of the upper part of the central tube. When liquid of a certain pressure flows into the liquid inlet hole, the shear pins are cut off and the sliding sleeve and the limit sleeve are brought close to each other to extrude the rubber cylinder. An inner circulation channel connected inside and outside is provided on the inner side of the central tube corresponding to the position between the positioning mechanism and the shear pins, and an outer circulation channel connected inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the outer shell corresponding to the position of the inner circulation channel. A bursting disc is sealed and fixedly installed in the outer circulation channel, and the bursting disc bursts when the liquid pressure in the outer circulation channel is greater than a set value.

[0009] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above technical solutions:

[0010] The above-mentioned positioning mechanism may include an anti-retraction clamp ring, a first positioning ring groove opening outward is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the spacer sleeve, and the anti-retraction clamp ring is sleeved in the first positioning ring groove. A second positioning ring groove opening inward is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the shell corresponding to the position between the external circulation channel and the shear nails. When the first positioning ring groove moves downward to completely or partially correspond to the second positioning ring groove, the outer side of the anti-retraction clamp ring expands outward and then is clamped in the second positioning ring groove.

[0011] A closing sleeve can be installed between the outer side of the central tube and the inner side of the outer shell at the position corresponding to the liquid inlet hole and the upper end of the spacer sleeve. A gap is provided between the lower end of the closing sleeve and the upper end of the spacer sleeve. At least one first sealing component is installed at upper and lower intervals on the outer side of the closing sleeve, and at least two second sealing components are installed at upper and lower intervals on the inner side of the closing sleeve.

[0012] The inner side of the upper part of the above-mentioned closing sleeve may be provided with a third positioning ring groove opening inwardly, and the outer side of the upper part of the central tube corresponding to the position between the third positioning ring groove and the inner circulation channel is provided with a conical mounting hole which is connected inside and outside and is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside, and a matching locking block is sleeved in the mounting hole, and an elastic reset member is installed between the first end of the locking block and the inner side of the closing sleeve, and the elastic reset member makes the second end of the locking block abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole, and when the lower end of the closing sleeve moves downward until it contacts with the upper end of the spacer sleeve, the first end of the locking block moves into the third positioning ring groove.

[0013] A plug seat with a tubular structure can be mounted on the inner side of the above-mentioned central tube. A connecting hole connecting the inside and the outside is provided on the inner side of the plug seat corresponding to the position of the external circulation channel. A locking groove is provided on the outer side of the plug seat corresponding to the position of the locking block. The second end of the locking block is inserted in the locking groove. A first sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the upper part of the plug seat corresponding to the position between the locking groove and the connecting hole and on the outer side of the lower part of the plug seat corresponding to the position below the connecting hole. A stepped flow channel with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom is provided on the inner side of the plug seat.

[0014] When the lower end of the closing sleeve moves downward to contact the upper end of the spacer sleeve, at least one second sealing component is located on the inner side of the closing sleeve above and below the inner circulation channel.

[0015] A second sealing ring may be installed on the inner side of the spacer sleeve corresponding to the position below the inner circulation channel, and a third sealing ring may be installed between the outer side of the upper part of the central tube and the inner side of the outer shell corresponding to the position above the liquid inlet hole.

[0016] The rubber cylinder can be T-shaped with a narrow outside and a wide inside. The outer side of the lower end of the sliding sleeve protrudes downward to form an upper fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the rubber cylinder, and the outer side of the upper end of the limiting sleeve protrudes upward to form a lower fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the rubber cylinder.

[0017] The structure of the present invention is reasonable and compact. When in use, the upper end of the central tube is fixedly installed with the casing by threaded connection. When cementing the casing, the upper end of the central tube is connected with the casing, and then is lowered into the predetermined position in the well together with the casing string. The first-level cementing is below the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool, and the second-level cementing is above the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool. After the first-level cementing collision pressure is completed, the casing continues to be pressurized, and the liquid acts on the upper end of the spacer sleeve through the liquid inlet hole, so that the spacer sleeve and the sliding sleeve are subjected to downward pressure. When the spacer sleeve moves downward to the set position, the positioning mechanism fixes the spacer sleeve and the outer shell together. At this time, the rubber cylinder expands outward, and the outer diameter after expansion reaches the maximum value. At the same time, the outer circulation channel corresponds to the inner circulation channel. When the pressure reaches the maximum pressure-bearing value of the bursting disc, the bursting disc ruptures, and a circulation channel is formed between the inside of the casing and the annulus to perform secondary cementing.

[0018] Before the sleeve moves, the bursting disc will not be subjected to high pressure. After the shear pins are cut off, the downward movement of the sleeve is completed instantly. After completion, the pressure can be increased to open the bursting disc, which ensures the order of priority. The bursting disc rupture pressure is greater than the pressure at which the shear pins are cut off, which is safer. The sleeve opens instantly, and the bursting disc opens in a very short time, and the circulation is established. Since the sleeve sealing suit is mounted on the outside of the center pipe, continuous sealing can be guaranteed. Therefore, as long as there is pressure in the well, the sleeve can continue to descend into place even if there is only static liquid column pressure, which can improve the success rate of expansion sealing and opening of the external circulation channel.

[0019] The present invention can realize the expansion sealing of the rubber cylinder only by means of a sliding sleeve, and the positioning mechanism can form a positioning effect on the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve cannot move up and down, and the inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool are still two independent working systems and are not connected in series, which greatly improves the success rate of the tool, and the overall design of the central tube also greatly increases the tensile strength of the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Attached Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention after the shear pins shear off the sliding sleeve and fall down.

[0022] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the closing plug in the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure after the closing plug is dropped into the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Attached Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure after the closing sleeve falls in the best embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the best embodiment of the present invention after the plug seat is lowered.

[0026] Attached Figure 7 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0027] The codes in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is the outer shell, 2 is the sliding sleeve, 3 is the rubber cylinder, 4 is the shear nail, 5 is the center tube, 6 is the limit sleeve, 7 is the spacer sleeve, 8 is the liquid inlet hole, 9 is the inner circulation channel, 10 is the outer circulation channel, 11 is the bursting disc, 12 is the anti-retraction clamping ring, 13 is the first positioning ring groove, 14 is the second positioning ring groove, 15 is the closing sleeve, 16 is the first sealing assembly, 17 is the second sealing assembly, 18 is the third positioning ring groove, 19 is the mounting hole, 20 is the locking block, 21 is the elastic reset member, 22 is the plug seat, 23 is the connecting hole, 24 is the locking groove, 25 is the first sealing ring, 26 is the flow channel, 27 is the second sealing ring, 28 is the third sealing ring, 29 is the upper fixing ring, 30 is the lower fixing ring, and 31 is the closing plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0029] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The layout is described in detail, such as the positional relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc., which is based on the attached manual. Figure 1 It is determined by the layout direction.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings:

[0031] Embodiment 1: As shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool comprises a shell 1, a sliding sleeve 2, a rubber cylinder 3, a positioning mechanism, a shear nail 4 and a vertically arranged center tube 5. The upper outer side of the center tube 5 is fixedly installed together with the upper inner side of the shell 1, a limiting sleeve 6 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the center tube 5, a sliding sleeve 2 is provided on the outer side of the center tube 5 corresponding to the position above the limiting sleeve 6, a rubber cylinder 3 is provided on the outer side of the center tube 5 corresponding to the position between the lower end of the sliding sleeve 2 and the upper end of the limiting sleeve 6, a spacer 7 which is sleeved between the outer side of the center tube 5 and the inner side of the shell 1 is fixed on the upper end of the sliding sleeve 2, a shear nail 4 is installed between the spacer 7 and the shell 1, and a positioning mechanism is provided on the outer side of the spacer 7 corresponding to the position above the shear nail 4. There is a positioning mechanism, which can be fixed together with the outer shell 1 when it moves downward to the set position with the spacer sleeve 7. A plurality of liquid inlet holes 8 connected inside and outside are provided on the inner side of the upper part of the central tube 5. After liquid of a certain pressure flows into the liquid inlet hole 8, the shear pins 4 are sheared off and the sliding sleeve 2 and the limiting sleeve 6 are brought close to each other to extrude the rubber cylinder 3. An internal circulation channel 9 connected inside and outside is provided on the inner side of the central tube 5 corresponding to the position between the positioning mechanism and the shear pin 4. An external circulation channel 10 connected inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the outer shell 1 corresponding to the position of the internal circulation channel 9. A bursting disc 11 is sealed and fixedly installed in the external circulation channel 10. The bursting disc 11 ruptures when the liquid pressure in the external circulation channel 10 is greater than the set value.

[0032] According to the requirements, the outer side of the center tube 5 is in a step-like shape that gradually becomes smaller from top to bottom. The outer side of the upper part of the center tube 5 is fixedly installed with the inner side of the upper part of the shell 1 through a threaded connection. A sealing ring is installed between the outer side of the center tube 5 and the shell 1 between the threaded connection section of the center tube 5 and the shell 1 and the liquid inlet hole 8. The outer side of the lower end of the center tube 5 and the inner side of the limiting sleeve 6 are fixedly installed together through a threaded connection. The outer side of the upper end and the outer side of the lower end of the shell 1 are both chamfered. The maximum outer diameter of the shell 1 is the maximum outer diameter of the cementing tool. An installation ring groove is provided in the outer circulation channel 10 corresponding to the outer position of the bursting disc 11, and an elastic retaining ring is installed in the installation ring groove, which can limit the bursting disc 11. The sleeve 2 and the spacer sleeve 7 are integrally arranged, and the upper end of the sleeve 2 corresponding to the outer position of the spacer sleeve 7 contacts with the lower end of the outer shell 1, and the inner side of the upper end of the sleeve 2 corresponding to the inner position of the spacer sleeve 7 is provided with a first conical surface which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the outer side of the center tube 5 is provided with a second conical surface which matches the first conical surface, and the second conical surface is abutted against the first conical surface, so that the structure of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool after assembly is more compact.

[0033] When in use, the upper end of the central tube 5 is fixedly installed with the casing through a threaded connection. When cementing the casing, the upper end of the central tube 5 is connected to the casing, and then lowered into the predetermined position in the well together with the casing string. The one-piece sealing type drilling-free cementing tool is below the first-level cementing, and the one-piece sealing type drilling-free cementing tool is above the second-level cementing. After the first-level cementing collision is completed, the casing continues to be pressurized, and the liquid acts on the upper end of the spacer 7 through the liquid inlet hole 8, so that the spacer 7 and the sliding sleeve 2 are subjected to downward pressure. When the spacer 7 moves downward to the set position, the positioning mechanism fixes the spacer 7 and the outer shell 1 together. At this time, the rubber cylinder 3 expands outward, and the outer diameter after expansion reaches the maximum value. At the same time, the outer circulation channel 10 corresponds to the inner circulation channel 9. When the pressure reaches the maximum pressure-bearing value of the bursting disc 11, the bursting disc 11 ruptures, and a circulation channel is formed between the inside of the casing and the annulus to perform secondary cementing.

[0034] Before the sleeve 2 moves, the bursting disc 11 will not be subjected to high pressure. After the shear nails 4 are cut off, the downward movement of the sleeve 2 is completed instantly. After completion, the pressure can be increased to open the bursting disc 11, which ensures the order of priority. The rupture pressure of the bursting disc 11 is greater than the pressure at which the shear nails 4 are cut off. This is safer. The sleeve 2 opens instantly, and the bursting disc 11 opens in a very short time, and the circulation is established. Since the sealing sleeve 2 is mounted on the outside of the central pipe 5, continuous sealing can be guaranteed. Therefore, as long as there is pressure in the well, even if there is only static liquid column pressure, the sleeve 2 can continue to descend into place, which can improve the success rate of expansion sealing and opening of the external circulation channel 10.

[0035] The present invention can achieve the expansion sealing of the rubber cylinder 3 only by means of a sliding sleeve 2, and the positioning mechanism can form a positioning effect on the sliding sleeve 2, so that the sliding sleeve 2 cannot move up and down, and the inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool are still two independent working systems and are not connected in series, which greatly improves the success rate of the tool, and the overall design of the central tube 5 also greatly increases the tensile strength of the tool.

[0036] The above-mentioned integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0037] Embodiment 2: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, the positioning mechanism includes an anti-retraction clamp 12, a first positioning ring groove 13 opening outward is provided on the upper outer side of the spacer sleeve 7, the anti-retraction clamp 12 is sleeved in the first positioning ring groove 13, and a second positioning ring groove 14 opening inward is provided on the lower inner side of the shell 1 corresponding to the position between the external circulation channel 10 and the shear nail 4. When the first positioning ring groove 13 moves downward to completely or partially correspond to the second positioning ring groove 14, the outer side of the anti-retraction clamp 12 expands outward and is clamped in the second positioning ring groove 14.

[0038] According to the requirements, the width of the anti-retraction clamp 12 is greater than the depth of the second positioning ring groove 14, the width of the first positioning ring groove 13 and the second positioning ring groove 14 are the same, the difference between the width of the first positioning ring groove 13 and the thickness of the anti-retraction clamp 12 is no more than 5mm, and the outer side of the anti-retraction clamp 12 abuts against the inner side of the shell 1. During use, after the shear nail 4 is cut off, the spacer 7 moves downward so that the overlapping thickness of the first positioning ring groove 13 and the second positioning ring groove 14 is greater than the thickness of the anti-retraction clamp 12, and after the anti-retraction clamp 12 is ejected outward, the outer ring surface is located in the second positioning ring groove 14, and the inner ring surface of the anti-retraction clamp 12 is located in the first positioning ring groove 13, so that the anti-retraction clamp 12 can fix the shell 1 and the spacer 7, and can prevent the rubber cylinder 3 from returning to its original state after the spacer 7 and the sliding sleeve 2 move upward, and can ensure the expansion sealing effect of the rubber cylinder 3.

[0039] Embodiment 3: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 4, 5, 6, and 7, a closing sleeve 15 is mounted between the outer side of the central tube 5 and the inner side of the outer shell 1 at a position corresponding to the position between the liquid inlet hole 8 and the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, and a gap is provided between the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 and the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7. At least one first sealing component 16 is installed at an upper and lower interval on the outer side of the closing sleeve 15, and at least two second sealing components 17 are installed at an upper and lower interval on the inner side of the closing sleeve 15.

[0040] According to the requirements, the first sealing component 16 and the second sealing component 17 are both existing well-known high-pressure sealing components, such as polytetrafluoroethylene seals, and can also be existing well-known sealing rings. The closing sleeve 15 is a tubular structure, and the upper part of the central tube 5 corresponding to the upper side position of the liquid inlet hole 8 has a step surface. The upper end of the closing sleeve 15 can contact the step surface with each other, and a spacing can also be provided. The outer side and the inner side of the upper end of the closing sleeve 15 and the outer side and the inner side of the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 are chamfered. By arranging the first sealing component 16 and the second sealing component 17, after the spacer sleeve 7 moves downward to connect the inner circulation channel 9 and the outer circulation channel 10, the slurry replacement fluid flows from the liquid inlet hole 8 into the annulus inside the central tube 5 and the outer shell 1, and the slurry replacement fluid acts on the upper end of the closing sleeve 15, causing the closing sleeve 15 to move downward. When the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 contacts the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, the closing sleeve 15 can close the inner circulation channel 9.

[0041] Embodiment 4: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, a third positioning ring groove 18 opening inward is provided on the inner side of the upper portion of the closing sleeve 15, and a conical mounting hole 19 which is connected inside and outside and is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside and smaller on the inside is provided on the outer side of the upper portion of the center tube 5 corresponding to the position between the third positioning ring groove 18 and the inner circulation channel 9. A matching locking block 20 is sleeved inside the mounting hole 19, and an elastic reset member 21 is installed between the first end of the locking block 20 and the inner side of the closing sleeve 15. The elastic reset member 21 makes the second end of the locking block 20 abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 19. When the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 moves downward until it contacts the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, the first end of the locking block 20 moves into the third positioning ring groove 18.

[0042] According to the requirements, the elastic return member 21 is an existing well-known technology, such as a compression spring. The locking block 20 and the elastic return member 21 can also be existing well-known technologies. For example, an outer ring stage is fixed on the outside of the first end of the locking block 20, and an inner ring stage is arranged in the mounting hole 19. An elastic return member 21 is arranged between the inner ring stage and the outer ring stage. The elastic return member 21 is a compression spring in a compressed state, and a magnet can also be fixed in the third positioning ring groove 18. When the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 moves downward to contact the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, the first end of the locking block 20 is sucked into the third positioning ring groove 18 by the magnet, and the mounting hole 19 is located between the second sealing assembly 17 at the top and the third positioning ring groove 18. During use, the anti-retraction clamping ring 12 can be inserted into the second positioning ring groove 14 after the sliding sleeve 2 moves downward a certain distance, and the outer circulation channel 10 corresponds to the inner circulation channel 9. In this way, when the liquid pressure in the central tube 5 reaches the set value, it breaks, and the inner side of the central tube 5 and the outer side of the shell 1 are connected to each other, and the first-level cementing can be carried out. After the first-level cementing is completed, the second-level cementing can be carried out. After the cementing of the second-level cementing is completed, the closing plug 31 is released to replace the slurry. After the slurry replacement is completed, the plug seat 22 is pre-installed in the central tube 5, and the closing plug 31 is put in. The plug seat 22 is locked in the lock block 2 0 is fixed on the inner side of the central pipe 5, and the closing plug 31 can seal the plug seat 22 and the inner circulation channel 9. At this time, the wellhead is pressurized, and the slurry displacement fluid flows into the upper end surface of the closing sleeve 15 from the liquid inlet hole 8 and acts on the closing sleeve 15. The closing sleeve 15 moves downward until the first end of the locking block 20 moves into the third positioning ring groove 18. At this time, the closing sleeve 15 closes the inner circulation channel 9 and the outer circulation channel 10, and the second end of the locking block 20 retracts into the mounting hole 19. The plug seat 22 is not limited by the locking block 20, and the plug seat 22 and the closing plug 31 fall to the bottom of the well, achieving the purpose of drilling-free plugging.

[0043] Embodiment 5: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 7, a plug seat 22 of a tubular structure is sleeved on the inner side of the central tube 5, a connecting hole 23 communicating the inside and the outside is provided on the inner side of the plug seat 22 corresponding to the position of the external circulation channel 10, a locking groove 24 is provided on the outer side of the plug seat 22 corresponding to the position of the locking block 20, and the second end of the locking block 20 is inserted in the locking groove 24, a first sealing ring 25 is installed on the outer side of the upper part of the plug seat 22 corresponding to the position between the locking groove 24 and the connecting hole 23 and on the outer side of the lower part of the plug seat 22 corresponding to the position below the connecting hole 23, and a stepped flow channel 26 with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom is provided on the inner side of the plug seat 22.

[0044] According to the requirements, the stepped flow channel 26 has two steps, and the connecting hole 23 is located inside the plug seat 22 of the two steps. In this way, after the first-level cementing is completed, the second-level cementing is carried out. After the second-level cementing is completed, the existing well-known closing plug 31 is released to replace the slurry. The closing plug 31 is as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, after the slurry replacement is completed, the closing plug 31 is inserted into the plug seat 22 to close the flow channel 26. The closing plug 31 can also close the connecting hole 23, thereby isolating the external circulation channel 10 from the upper casing. After the wellhead is pressurized, the slurry replacement fluid flows into the upper end of the closing sleeve 15 from the liquid inlet hole 8. The slurry replacement fluid acts on the upper end surface of the closing sleeve 15 to make the closing sleeve 15 move downward. When the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 moves downward to contact with the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, the third positioning ring groove 18 corresponds to the locking block 20. The first end of the locking block 20 is under the action of the elastic reset member 21. When the first end of the locking block 20 moves into the third positioning ring groove 18 under the action of the elastic reset member 21, the second end of the locking block 20 retracts into the mounting hole 19, that is, the locking block 20 and the locking groove 24 are separated from each other, and the plug seat 22 is no longer limited by the locking block 20. After continuing to inject liquid, the plug seat 22 and the closing plug 31 fall to the bottom of the well, thereby achieving the purpose of drilling-free plugging.

[0045] Embodiment 6: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 5 , 6 As shown, when the lower end of the closing sleeve 15 moves downward to contact the upper end of the spacer sleeve 7, at least one second sealing assembly 17 is located inside the closing sleeve 15 above and below the inner circulation channel 9 respectively.

[0046] During use, such an arrangement can improve the sealing performance of the closing sleeve 15 in closing the inner circulation channel 9.

[0047] Embodiment 7: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, a second sealing ring 27 is installed on the inner side of the spacer 7 corresponding to the position below the inner circulation channel 9, and a third sealing ring 28 is installed between the outer side of the upper part of the central tube 5 and the inner side of the outer shell 1 corresponding to the position above the liquid inlet hole 8.

[0048] According to the requirements, sealing rings are provided on the outer side of the spacer 7 at the positions between the anti-retraction clamp ring 12 and the bursting disc 11, and between the bursting disc 11 and the shear pin 4. In the process of use, such a setting can improve the sealing performance between the outer side of the upper part of the central tube 5 and the inner side of the outer tube, and can also improve the sealing performance between the spacer 7 and the central tube 5, so that the liquid can generate a downward force on the spacer 7 after flowing into the upper end face of the spacer 7 through the inner circulation channel 9, and can quickly cut off the shear pin 4, so that the sliding sleeve 2 moves downward and squeezes the rubber cylinder 3, which can improve the work efficiency.

[0049] Embodiment 8: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 4, 5, and 6, the rubber cylinder 3 is in a T-shape that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside. The outer side of the lower end of the sliding sleeve 2 protrudes downward to form an upper fixing ring 29 that is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the rubber cylinder 3, and the outer side of the upper end of the limiting sleeve 6 protrudes upward to form a lower fixing ring 30 that is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the rubber cylinder 3.

[0050] During use, after the sliding sleeve 2 moves downward, the upper fixing ring 29 and the lower fixing ring 30 are brought close to each other and squeeze the rubber cylinder 3. The outer side of the middle part of the rubber cylinder 3 expands outward and then seals. The setting of the upper fixing ring 29 and the lower fixing ring 30 can, on the one hand, limit the rubber cylinder 3, and on the other hand, protect the upper and lower ends of the rubber cylinder 3. The middle part of the rubber cylinder 3 can expand first and then achieve a sealing effect.

[0051] The above technical features respectively constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

[0052] The use process of the best embodiment of the present invention is as follows: after the first-level cementing is completed, the flexible plug is released to replace the cement slurry, and the flexible plug contacts the pressure seat at the bottom of the well and presses against it. At this time, a closed space is formed in the casing, and the pressure is applied at the wellhead. The pressure in the casing continues to increase, and the pressure acts on the upper end surface of the sleeve 2. The pressure can push the sleeve 2 downward. After reaching a certain pressure, the shear pins 4 are cut off, and the sleeve 2 moves downward to push the rubber tube 3 to expand and seal. The anti-retraction clamping ring 12 is opened and clamped into the second positioning ring groove 14 after being released, so that the sleeve 2 forms a self-locking state and can prevent the sleeve 2 from returning. After the expansion and sealing is complete, the pressure is continued to be applied, the bursting disc 11 ruptures, the inner side of the central tube 5 and the outer side of the outer shell 1 are connected to each other, and the circulation begins to be established to carry out the second-level cementing.

[0053] The present invention can realize expansion sealing of the rubber cylinder 3 only by a sliding sleeve 2, and the anti-retraction clamping ring 12 can form a positioning effect on the sliding sleeve 2, and the sliding sleeve 2 cannot move up and down. The inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool are still two independent working systems and will not be connected in series.

[0054] Before the sleeve 2 moves, the bursting disc 11 will not be subjected to high pressure. After the shear nails 4 are cut off, the downward movement of the sleeve 2 is completed instantly. After completion, the pressure can be increased to open the bursting disc 11, which ensures the order of priority. The rupture pressure of the bursting disc 11 is greater than the pressure at which the shear nails 4 are cut off. This is safer. The sleeve 2 opens instantly, and the bursting disc 11 opens in a very short time. The circulation between the inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool is established. Since there are sealing rings on both the inside and outside of the sleeve 2 when it moves, continuous sealing can be guaranteed. Therefore, as long as there is pressure in the well, even if there is only static liquid column pressure, the sleeve 2 can continue to descend into place, which can improve the success rate of expansion sealing and opening of the external circulation channel 10.

[0055] The pressure on the upper and lower sides of the closing sleeve 15 is always the same, so the closing sleeve 15 will never move. After the second-level cementing is completed, the closing plug 31 is released. After the closing plug 31 is in place, it can play the effect of closing the flow channel 26 in the plug seat 22. At this time, a closed cavity is formed in the casing above the closing plug 31. When the pressure is continued, the liquid inlet hole 8 enters the liquid, and the pressure on the upper side of the closing sleeve 15 increases, while the pressure on the lower side of the closing sleeve 15 remains unchanged. Therefore, the closing sleeve 15 starts to descend under this pressure. When it descends to the point where the lower end face of the closing sleeve 15 contacts the upper end face of the sliding sleeve 2, the second sealing components 17 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the inner circulation channel 9. In this way, the closing sleeve 15 closes the inner circulation channel 9, and the first sealing component 16 and the second sealing component 17 disconnect the inner side of the central pipe 5 from the outer side of the outer shell 1, thereby ensuring the integrity of the casing.

[0056] When the closing sleeve 15 is in place, the elastic reset member 21 causes the locking block 20 to move outward, releasing the connection between the plug seat 22 and the center tube 5. At this time, there is still pressure on the upper side of the closing plug 31, which pushes the closing plug 31 and drives the plug seat 22 downward, thereby realizing the path at the tool.

[0057] The present invention can connect or cut off the inside and outside of the integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool by inserting a closing plug 31 and then holding pressure, and can also ensure the integrity of the casing. Compared with existing tools, some pushing and driving actions between various components are reduced, making the action simpler, thereby reducing the risk of operational errors. The center pipe 5 runs through the upper and lower ends and directly connects the upper and lower end casings, making assembly simple and the coaxial fit between the components better, so it is more reliable.

Claims

1. An integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool, characterized in that The utility model comprises an outer shell, a sliding sleeve, a rubber cylinder, a positioning mechanism, a shear nail and a vertically arranged center tube. The outer side of the upper part of the center tube is fixedly installed together with the inner side of the upper part of the outer shell. A limiting sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the center tube. A sliding sleeve is provided on the outer side of the center tube sealing sleeve corresponding to the position above the limiting sleeve. A rubber cylinder is provided on the outer side of the center tube corresponding to the position between the lower end of the sliding sleeve and the upper end of the limiting sleeve. A spacer sleeve is fixed on the upper end of the sliding sleeve and is sleeved between the outer side of the center tube and the inner side of the outer shell. A shear nail is installed between the spacer sleeve and the outer shell. A positioning mechanism is provided on the outer side of the spacer sleeve corresponding to the position above the shear nail. The positioning mechanism is arranged at the same time. When the spacer moves downward to a set position, it can be fixed together with the outer shell. A plurality of liquid inlet holes connected inside and outside are provided on the inner side of the upper part of the central tube. When liquid of a certain pressure flows into the liquid inlet hole, the shear pins are sheared off and the sliding sleeve and the limit sleeve are brought close to each other to extrude the rubber cylinder. An inner circulation channel connected inside and outside is provided on the inner side of the central tube corresponding to the position between the positioning mechanism and the shear pins. An outer circulation channel connected inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the outer shell corresponding to the position of the inner circulation channel. A bursting disc is sealed and fixedly installed in the outer circulation channel. The bursting disc ruptures when the liquid pressure in the outer circulation channel is greater than a set value. The positioning mechanism includes an anti-retraction clamp ring, a first positioning ring groove opening outward is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the spacer sleeve, the anti-retraction clamp ring is sleeved in the first positioning ring groove, and a second positioning ring groove opening inward is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the shell corresponding to the position between the external circulation channel and the shear nail, when the first positioning ring groove moves downward to completely or partially correspond to the second positioning ring groove, the outer side of the anti-retraction clamp ring expands outward and then snaps into the second positioning ring groove; A closing sleeve is sleeved between the outer side of the central tube and the inner side of the outer shell corresponding to the position between the liquid inlet hole and the upper end of the spacer sleeve, a gap is provided between the lower end of the closing sleeve and the upper end of the spacer sleeve, at least one first sealing component is installed at an interval of upper and lower portions on the outer side of the closing sleeve, and at least two second sealing components are installed at an interval of upper and lower portions on the inner side of the closing sleeve; A third positioning ring groove opening inward is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the closing sleeve, and a conical mounting hole which is connected inside and outside and is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the center tube corresponding to the position between the third positioning ring groove and the inner circulation channel. A matching locking block is sleeved in the mounting hole, and an elastic reset member is installed between the first end of the locking block and the inner side of the closing sleeve. The elastic reset member makes the second end of the locking block abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole. When the lower end of the closing sleeve moves downward until it contacts the upper end of the spacer sleeve, the first end of the locking block moves into the third positioning ring groove.

2. The integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that A plug seat with a tubular structure is sleeved on the inner side of the central tube, a connecting hole for connecting the inner and outer sides is provided on the inner side of the plug seat corresponding to the position of the external circulation channel, a locking groove is provided on the outer side of the plug seat corresponding to the position of the locking block, and the second end of the locking block is inserted into the locking groove. A first sealing ring is installed on the outer side of the upper part of the plug seat corresponding to the position between the locking groove and the connecting hole and on the outer side of the lower part of the plug seat corresponding to the position below the connecting hole, and a stepped flow channel with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom is provided on the inner side of the plug seat; Or / and, when the lower end of the closing sleeve moves downward to contact with the upper end of the spacer sleeve, at least one second sealing component is located on the inner side of the closing sleeve above and below the inner circulation channel respectively.

3. The integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A second sealing ring is installed on the inner side of the spacer sleeve corresponding to the position below the inner circulation channel, and a third sealing ring is installed between the outer side of the upper part of the central tube and the inner side of the shell corresponding to the position above the liquid inlet hole.

4. The integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The rubber cylinder is T-shaped with a narrow outside and a wide inside. The outer side of the lower end of the sliding sleeve protrudes downward to form an upper fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the rubber cylinder. The outer side of the upper end of the limiting sleeve protrudes upward to form a lower fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the rubber cylinder.

5. The integrated isolation type drilling-free cementing tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that The rubber cylinder is T-shaped with a narrow outside and a wide inside. The outer side of the lower end of the sliding sleeve protrudes downward to form an upper fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the rubber cylinder. The outer side of the upper end of the limiting sleeve protrudes upward to form a lower fixing ring that is sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the rubber cylinder.

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