A solar collector with high light collection and heat conduction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar collector with high light collection and heat conduction, which relates to the technical field of solar collectors, and includes a mounting frame, on which a heat preservation tube, a reflector and a plurality of heat collection tubes are mounted, two partition plates are arranged inside the heat preservation tube, and the heat preservation tube is divided into a low temperature zone, a medium temperature zone and a high temperature zone, and a conduit is arranged on the partition plate, which is used to connect the two sides of the partition plate, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are installed on the outer wall of the heat preservation tube, and a water level control mechanism for controlling the water inlet state of the water inlet pipe is installed on the side of the heat preservation tube; one end of the heat collection tube is fixed on the mounting frame, and the other end extends into the heat preservation tube. The present invention arranges two partition plates inside the heat preservation tube, divides the space into a low temperature zone, a medium temperature zone and a high temperature zone, optimizes the way of water flow replenishment step by step, and cooperates with the water level control mechanism to automatically add water, which not only reduces the user's operating burden, but also ensures the stable supply of water in the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal collectors, and in particular to a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction. Background Art

[0002] Solar thermal collector is a device used to convert solar radiation into heat energy. As an environmentally friendly and energy-saving hot water supply device, it has been widely used in recent years. The existing solar thermal collector is mainly composed of insulation tube, vacuum heat collection tube, bracket and control system. The insulation tube is used as a container for storing hot water. It absorbs solar radiation by connecting multiple vacuum heat collection tubes, and then heats the water in the tube.

[0003] The patent with application number 202311746801.8 discloses a solar water heater. It includes a heat exchange tank, a serpentine tube arranged in the heat exchange tank, a water storage tank, and a hot water pipe coiled on the outer wall of the water storage tank; a water cavity for storing water is formed in the water storage tank, and the inner cavity of the serpentine tube, the inner cavity of the hot water pipe, the inner cavity of the circulation pipe, and the water cavity together form a circulating heat exchange pipeline for circulating water in the water cavity.

[0004] In the above-mentioned technical patent, the heat exchanger tank is used to store hot water, which is similar to the structure of the traditional solar water heater insulation tube, and has an integral chamber inside. Since the newly added cold water will quickly mix with the original hot water, the water temperature in the insulation tube will drop rapidly. In order to maintain the temperature of the hot water, cold water can only be added once after it is confirmed to be idle. Therefore, cold water cannot be replenished in time after each use, which greatly affects the user experience. In addition, although the pipeline used to absorb solar radiation can effectively absorb solar radiation and convert it into heat energy, the gap between the collector tubes will leak some solar radiation, resulting in the failure to achieve the optimal light collection and heat conduction efficiency. This part of solar radiation that is not effectively utilized is actually a waste of energy and affects the overall performance of the collector. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of inconvenience in replenishing cold water and low light collection and heat conduction efficiency of solar thermal collectors in the prior art, and to propose a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction, comprising a mounting frame, on which a heat preservation tube, a reflector plate and a plurality of heat collecting tubes are mounted, wherein:

[0008] Two partition plates are arranged in the heat preservation cylinder to divide the heat preservation cylinder into a low temperature zone, a medium temperature zone and a high temperature zone, and a conduit is arranged on the partition plate to connect the two sides of the partition plate, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are installed on the outer wall of the heat preservation cylinder, the water inlet pipe is connected to the low temperature zone, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the high temperature zone, and a water level control mechanism for controlling the water inlet state of the water inlet pipe is installed on the side of the heat preservation cylinder;

[0009] The reflective plate is tilted, a plurality of mounting grooves arranged side by side are provided on the surface of the reflective plate, a rotatable reflective sheet is provided in the mounting groove, and a synchronous driving mechanism is provided between the plurality of reflective sheets;

[0010] A plurality of heat collecting tubes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting grooves. The heat collecting tubes and the reflector plate maintain the same inclination angle. One end of the heat collecting tube is fixed on the mounting frame, and the other end extends into the heat preservation tube.

[0011] Preferably, the conduit is arranged on the top of the partition plate, and the output end of the conduit extends to the bottom of the heat preservation cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the heat collecting tube comprises a coaxially arranged glass tube and a heat absorbing tube, the outer wall of the heat absorbing tube is coated with a heat absorbing layer, and the heat absorbing tube is connected to the inside of the insulation tube, and a heating tube is also arranged inside the heat absorbing tube.

[0013] Preferably, the space between the glass tube and the heat absorbing tube is a closed space and is vacuumed.

[0014] Preferably, the cross section of the heat absorption layer is semicircular, and the heat absorption layer faces a side away from the reflection plate.

[0015] Preferably, the heating tube comprises an evaporator tube coaxially arranged with the heat absorbing tube, the evaporator tube extending to one end of the heat preservation tube is provided with a liquefied ball, the whole formed by the evaporator tube and the liquefied ball has a cavity inside, and there is a liquid volatile agent in the cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the reflector is a semicircular shape coaxial with the heating tube, the length of the reflector is greater than the reflective plate, the bottom end of the reflector is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, the top end of the reflector extends beyond the reflective plate, and both sides of the reflector are coated with a reflective layer, a focusing surface is formed on the concave surface of the reflector, and a scattering surface is formed on the convex surface of the reflector.

[0017] Preferably, the water level control mechanism comprises a sealing cover fixedly arranged on the side wall of the heat preservation cylinder, the water inlet pipe passes through the sealing cover, and the sealing cover is connected with the high temperature zone through a connecting pipe, a connecting rod with a floating ball installed at the end thereof is rotatably arranged at the center of the sealing cover, and a control ring is fixedly installed on the connecting rod;

[0018] A sealing block with a flow channel is provided in the water inlet pipe for sealing sliding. A cone head corresponding to the flow channel in the sealing block is also fixedly installed in the water inlet pipe. A control rod slidably connected to a control ring is installed on the sealing block. When the control ring rotates, the sealing block is controlled to slide axially to realize the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the control ring comprises a mounting portion, a guide portion 1, a driving portion and a guide portion 2, the guide portion 1 and the guide portion 2 are axially offset and connected via the driving portion, and the control rod can slide on the guide portion 1, the driving portion and the guide portion 2.

[0020] Preferably, the synchronous drive mechanism includes a gear ring fixedly arranged at the end of the reflective sheet, a rack is slidably arranged on the reflective plate, a plurality of gear rings are meshed with the rack, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the back of the reflective plate, the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the rack, and the electric push rod is electrically connected to a contact switch fixedly installed on the control ring.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] The present invention arranges two partition plates inside the heat preservation cylinder to divide the space into a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone and a high-temperature zone. Through the natural stratification of cold and hot water flows under thermal convection, cold water enters the low-temperature zone from the bottom. As the water temperature gradually increases, hot water naturally floats up and enters the medium-temperature zone through the conduit at the top, and then enters the high-temperature zone. This stepped water flow transfer process effectively avoids the direct mixing of cold and hot water, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the water temperature in the high-temperature zone.

[0023] Combined with the above-mentioned insulation tube zoning, the impact of cold water on the water temperature in the high-temperature zone during the water replenishment process is minimized. When replenishing water in traditional solar water heaters, the newly added cold water will quickly mix with the hot water, causing the water temperature of the entire system to drop. Therefore, traditional solar energy cannot be used to directly replenish cold water. It is necessary to wait for the hot water to run out or ensure that the collector is idle before adding water. The present invention optimizes the step-by-step water flow replenishment method and cooperates with the water level control mechanism to automatically add water. This not only reduces the user's operating burden, but also ensures a stable supply of water in the system.

[0024] The heat absorbing tube of the present invention adopts a half-surface heat absorbing layer design to absorb heat and heat the water in the insulation tube. Its backlight surface is designed to be transparent. At the same time, the reflective sheet equipped under the heat collecting tube can accurately reflect the transmitted sunlight and focus it on the heating tube. Through the gasification-liquefaction process of the volatile agent, the absorbed solar energy is converted into thermal energy and efficiently transferred to the water in the insulation tube, which not only improves the heat collection efficiency, but also reduces the use of heat absorbing materials and reduces production costs.

[0025] Through the contact switch set on the control ring, when the solar collector does not take in water, resulting in insufficient water in the high-temperature area, the water level control mechanism will trigger the contact switch and drive the electric push rod to extend, so that the reflector rotates to block the lighting surface of the heating tube, effectively avoiding the risk of damage to the collector tube due to high temperature when not in use, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing the additional costs incurred by repairs or replacement of parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a water level control mechanism in a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflector plate in a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat collecting tube in a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conductivity proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar collector tube with high light collection and heat conductivity proposed by the present invention in working state;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a solar thermal collector reflector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention in a shielded state;

[0035] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous drive mechanism in a solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 for Figure 4 Magnified view of part B.

[0037] In the figure: 1, mounting frame; 2, heat preservation tube; 21, partition plate; 22, low temperature zone; 23, medium temperature zone; 24, high temperature zone; 25, guide tube; 26, water inlet pipe; 27, water level control mechanism; 271, sealing cover; 272, connecting pipe; 273, floating ball; 274, connecting rod; 275, control ring; 2751, mounting part; 2752, guide part 1; 2753, driving part; 2754, guide part 2; 276, blocking block; 277, cone head; 278, control lever; 279, contact switch; 28, water outlet pipe; 3, reflector; 31, reflector; 311, focusing surface; 312, diffusing surface; 32, gear ring; 33, rack; 34, electric push rod; 4, collector tube; 41, glass tube; 42, heat absorbing tube; 43, heat absorbing layer; 44, heating tube; 441, evaporating tube; 442, liquefied ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-3 A solar collector with high light collection and heat conductivity includes a mounting frame 1, on which a heat preservation tube 2, a reflective plate 3 and a plurality of heat collecting tubes 4 are mounted. One end of the heat collecting tube 4 is fixed on the mounting frame 1 and the other end extends into the heat preservation tube 2. The radiation energy of the sun shining on the heat collecting tube 4 is converted into heat energy, which heats hot water and is stored in the heat preservation tube 2 for people to use. The heat preservation tube 2 is provided with a pressure relief valve, which is a prior art and is not shown in the drawings.

[0040] Two partition plates 21 are arranged in the heat preservation tube 2, which divide the heat preservation tube 2 into a low temperature zone 22, a medium temperature zone 23 and a high temperature zone 24, and a conduit 25 is arranged on the partition plate 21 for connecting the two sides of the partition plate 21. The conduit 25 is arranged at the top of the partition plate 21, and the output end of the conduit 25 extends to the bottom of the heat preservation tube 2. Therefore, the water flow transition of the low temperature zone 22, the medium temperature zone 23 and the high temperature zone 24 in the heat preservation tube 2 is also carried out from the top of the partition plate 21 and flows into the bottom of the adjacent temperature zone. There are a water inlet pipe 26 and a water outlet pipe 28. The water inlet pipe 26 is connected to the low temperature zone 22, and the water outlet pipe 28 is connected to the high temperature zone 24. When the solar collector is supplemented with cold water, the cold water is input into the low temperature zone 22 through the water inlet pipe 26. As the water level in the low temperature zone 22 rises and exceeds the conduit 25, the cold water enters the bottom of the medium temperature zone 23 from the conduit 25, and then the water level in the medium temperature zone 23 is raised, so that the water level in the medium temperature zone 23 exceeds the conduit 25, and flows from the conduit 25 into the high temperature zone 24 to supplement the water storage in the high temperature zone 24.

[0041] After the low temperature zone 22, the medium temperature zone 23 and the high temperature zone 24 are initially filled with cold water, the heating temperatures of the heat collecting tube 4 are consistent. As use progresses, cold water is continuously injected into the low temperature zone 22 to lower the temperature of the low temperature zone 22. As the cold water flows from the low temperature zone 22 to the high temperature zone 24 layer by layer, a graded temperature difference is formed.

[0042] After the water temperature in the insulation tube 2 rises, the high temperature zone 24 is the hot water use zone. Since the density of hot water is relatively low, it will naturally rise, and the cold water will sink to the bottom of the insulation tube 2. The water inlet pipe 26 is connected to the bottom of the low temperature zone 22. After the cold water is input, the water level in the low temperature zone 22 rises and the higher temperature water above will be injected into the medium temperature zone 23. Since the conduit 25 injects water into the bottom of the medium temperature zone 23, the higher temperature water above the medium temperature zone 23 will be injected into the high temperature zone 24 for replenishment. Therefore, the water entering the high temperature zone 24 belongs to the higher temperature water in the medium temperature zone 23. After being injected into the high temperature zone 24, it will not have a significant impact on the hot water in the high temperature zone 24, effectively avoiding the direct mixing of cold and hot water, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the water temperature in the high temperature zone 24.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-5 A water level control mechanism 27 for controlling the water inlet status of the water inlet pipe 26 is installed on the side of the insulation tube 2. The water storage part of the traditional solar collector is a separate cavity. Cold water cannot be directly added after hot water is used, because the added cold water will mix with the hot water, causing the hot water temperature to drop rapidly, thereby affecting the hot water supply. The conventional operation method is to fill the solar collector with water, wait for the sun to reach a suitable temperature for daily use, and only add water to the collector after all the hot water is used up or it is determined to be idle. In addition, the existing solar collector is usually manually controlled to add water, and whether it is full is determined by the overflow of the collector. It is often the case that the water inlet switch is forgotten to be turned off, resulting in water waste. There is also the situation that when the collector tank is empty, forget to add water, and when the empty tank is exposed to the sun, the collector is damaged and causes losses. In this embodiment, the water level control mechanism 27 can automatically replenish water according to the water level in the high temperature zone 24. In addition, the replenished cold water is not directly mixed with the high temperature zone 24, but is transferred in a continuous step-by-step manner through the hot water in the medium temperature zone 23 and the low temperature zone 22, so that the replenished cold water cannot directly affect the hot water in the high temperature zone 24. By optimizing the step-by-step replenishment method of water flow, the water level control mechanism 27 is used for automatic water addition, which not only reduces the user's operating burden, but also ensures a stable supply of water in the system.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-5The water level control mechanism 27 includes a sealing cover 271 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the heat preservation tube 2, and a closed space is formed inside the sealing cover 271. The water inlet pipe 26 passes through the sealing cover 271, and the sealing cover 271 is connected with the high temperature zone 24 through a connecting pipe 272. According to the principle of communicating vessels, the water levels in the high temperature zone 24 and the sealing cover 271 are consistent. A connecting rod 274 with a float 273 installed on the end is rotatably arranged at the center of the sealing cover 271. The float 273 is kept at the same height as the water level in the sealing cover 271 due to the buoyancy, that is, the height of the float 273 is the water level height in the sealing cover 271 and the high temperature zone 24. The change of the water level in the high temperature zone 24 will control the position change of the float 273, thereby driving the connecting rod 274 to rotate. A control ring 275 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 274. When the connecting rod 274 rotates, the control ring 275 is driven to rotate.

[0045] A sealing block 276 with a flow channel is provided in the water inlet pipe 26 for sealing and sliding. A cone head 277 corresponding to the flow channel in the sealing block 276 is also fixedly installed in the water inlet pipe 26. A control rod 278 slidably connected to the control ring 275 is installed on the sealing block 276. When the control ring 275 rotates, the contact position between the control ring 275 and the control rod 278 changes continuously. The control rod 278 is guided and controlled by the different positions of the control ring 275, thereby driving the position change of the sealing block 276. When the control ring 275 rotates, the sealing block 276 is controlled. Axial sliding realizes the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe 26. When the sealing block 276 is away from the cone head 277, a gap appears between the sealing block 276 and the cone head 277, exposing the middle flow channel of the sealing block 276. Water flows normally through the flow channel and enters the low-temperature zone 22. When the sealing block 276 fits with the cone head 277, the cone head 277 blocks the flow channel, the water flow is intercepted, and the water inlet pipe 26 is closed and no water enters. The sealing block 276 is in an inverted cone shape at one end close to the cone head 277. Due to the fit with the cone head 277, a larger sealing surface is formed, thereby improving the sealing effect on the water flow.

[0046] Reference Figure 4-5 and Fig.11The control ring 275 includes a mounting portion 2751, a guide portion 1 2752, a driving portion 2753 and a guide portion 2 2754. The mounting portion 2751 is wider than the guide portion 1 2752. The guide portion 1 2752, the driving portion 2753 and the guide portion 2 2754 have the same cross-sectional shape. The guide portion 1 2752 and the guide portion 2 2754 are coaxial with the mounting portion 2751, and the guide portion 1 2752 and the guide portion 2 2754 are axially misaligned. The guide portion 1 2752 and the guide portion 2 2754 are smoothly connected at one end away from the mounting portion 2751 through the driving portion 2753. The length of the guide portion 1 2752 is greater than that of the guide portion 2 2754. The control rod 278 can slide on the guide part 1 2752, the driving part 2753 and the guide part 2 2754. Since the length of the guide part 1 2752 is greater than that of the guide part 2 2754, when the float 273 has not reached the highest water level, the control rod 278 is on the guide part 1 2752. The guide part 1 2752 is farther away from the cone head 277 than the guide part 2 2754. When the control rod 278 is on the guide part 1 2752, the blocking block 276 is separated from the cone head 277, and water continues to flow in. When the water level reaches the highest water level, the control rod 278 reaches the guide part 2 2754, and the blocking block 276 moves toward and fits the cone head 277 to achieve blocking.

[0047] Reference Figure 6-10 The heat collecting tube 4 includes a coaxially arranged glass tube 41 and a heat absorbing tube 42. The glass tube 41 is a transparent glass tube. Sunlight can penetrate the glass tube 41 and shine on the heat absorbing tube 42. The outer wall of the heat absorbing tube 42 is coated with a heat absorbing layer 43, and the heat absorbing tube 42 is connected to the inside of the heat insulation tube 2. The water in the heat insulation tube 2 fills the heat absorbing tube 42. The heat absorbing layer 43 can absorb solar radiation and generate heat to heat the water in the heat absorbing tube 42. The hot water will rise to the top of the heat absorbing tube 42 and flow into the heat insulation tube 2, while the cold water will sink to the bottom of the heat absorbing tube 42 and continue to absorb heat. This thermal cycle allows the water in the heat insulation tube 2 to be continuously heated, thereby reaching a higher temperature. The cross-section of the heat absorbing layer 43 is semicircular, and the heat absorbing layer 43 faces the side away from the reflector 3. Since sunlight can only irradiate the lighting surface of the heat absorbing tube 42, setting the heat absorbing layer 43 with a semicircular cross-section can reduce the use of heat absorbing materials and reduce production costs.

[0048] The space between the glass tube 41 and the heat absorbing tube 42 is closed and evacuated, which eliminates the possibility of gas convection and reduces the heat loss caused by convection, thereby achieving a long-term thermal insulation effect. Even at night or in rainy weather, the water temperature can remain relatively stable.

[0049] The reflector 3 is arranged at an angle, and a plurality of mounting grooves arranged side by side are provided on the surface of the reflector 3. The plurality of heat collecting tubes 4 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the mounting grooves. The heat collecting tubes 4 and the reflector 3 maintain the same inclination angle, and a rotatable reflector 31 is arranged in the mounting groove. Since the glass tube 41 is made of transparent material, in order to achieve a vacuum state between the glass tube 41 and the heat absorbing tube 42, the diameter of the glass tube 41 must be larger than the heat absorbing tube 42. Therefore, when the heat collecting tube 4 is installed, even if two adjacent heat collecting tubes 4 are installed closely, there is still a gap between the glass tubes 41 that will pass sunlight. The sunlight passing through the gap between the heat collecting tubes 4 can be reflected by the reflector 31, thereby improving the heat collection efficiency. A synchronous driving mechanism is arranged between the plurality of reflectors 31, which can control the rotation of the reflector 31. When there is a lack of water in the insulation tube 2, the reflector 31 is controlled to block the heat collecting tube 4 to avoid the risk of damage to the heat collecting tube 4 due to high temperature when the empty tube is exposed to the sun.

[0050] Reference Figure 6-10 Specifically, the synchronous drive mechanism includes a gear ring 32 fixedly arranged at the end of the reflective sheet 31, a rack 33 is slidably arranged on the reflective plate 3, and multiple gear rings 32 are meshed with the rack 33. An electric push rod 34 is fixedly installed on the back of the reflective plate 3, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 34 is fixedly connected to the rack 33. The electric push rod 34 is electrically connected to a contact switch 279 fixedly installed on the control ring 275. The contact switch 279 is a self-resetting button switch, which is energized when subjected to force and de-energized when not subjected to external force. The specific model in this embodiment is Huijun LA38-11BN button switch. When the contact switch 279 is subjected to force When the main water inlet valve of the water inlet pipe 26 is closed or the water inlet system is damaged, the water level in the high temperature zone 24 gradually decreases with the use of hot water until it is all used up. At this time, the control ring 275 rotates to the lowest position with the float 273, and the contact switch 279 contacts the connecting rod 274 and triggers the electric push rod 34 to extend, so that the rack 33 drives the gear ring 32 to rotate, so that the reflective sheet 31 automatically flips over to shield the heat collecting tube 4 when there is no water in the insulation tube 2.

[0051] Reference Figure 6-10A heating tube 44 is also arranged in the heat absorbing tube 42 for absorbing sunlight reflected by the reflective sheet 31. The heating tube 44 includes an evaporation tube 441 coaxially arranged with the heat absorbing tube 42. The evaporation tube 441 extends to one end of the heat preservation tube 2 and is provided with a liquefied ball 442. The evaporation tube 441 and the liquefied ball 442 form a whole having a cavity inside, and a liquid volatile agent is arranged in the cavity. The volatile agent is a low boiling point solvent. In this embodiment, ethanol is used as the volatile agent. Since the heat absorbing layer 43 is arranged on the heat absorbing tube 42 The backlight surface of the heat absorbing tube 42 corresponds to the reflective sheet 31 and is transparent. The sunlight reflected by the reflective sheet 31 shines on the heating tube 44 through the backlight surface of the heat absorbing tube 42, causing the evaporating tube 441 to absorb heat and generate heat. The volatile agent is vaporized and reaches the liquefied ball 442. In the liquefied ball 442, it contacts the lower temperature liquid in the heat preservation tube 2 and liquefies and refluxes and vaporizes here. Through the vaporization-liquefaction process of the volatile agent, the absorbed solar energy is converted into heat energy and efficiently transferred to the water in the heat preservation tube 2.

[0052] Reference Figure 8-9 ( Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The dotted line in the middle indicates the light path), the reflector 31 is a semicircle coaxial with the heating tube 44, the length of the reflector 31 is greater than the reflective plate 3, the bottom end of the reflector 31 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 1, the top end of the reflector 31 exceeds the reflective plate 3, and both sides of the reflector 31 are coated with a reflective layer, and a focusing surface 311 is formed on the concave surface of the reflector 31. Sunlight irradiated on the focusing surface 311 gathers the sunlight onto the heating tube 44 to achieve efficient heat collection, and a diffuse light surface 312 is formed on the convex surface of the reflector 31. When there is a lack of water, the reflector 31 is flipped over, and the diffuse light surface 312 receives direct sunlight and reflects the sunlight to avoid excessive temperature.

[0053] The specific working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0054] When in use, the solar collector is installed on the roof or in a sunny location, the water inlet pipe 26 is connected to the tap water pipe, the water outlet pipe 28 is connected to the household water, and tap water is injected into the insulation tube 2 through the water inlet pipe 26. As the water level rises, the float 273 is kept at the same height as the water level in the sealing cover 271 due to the buoyancy, that is, the height of the float 273 is the water level in the sealing cover 271 and the high temperature zone 24. The change of the water level in the high temperature zone 24 will control the position change of the float 273, thereby driving the connecting rod 274 to rotate. A control ring 275 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 274. When the connecting rod 274 rotates, the control ring 275 is driven to rotate. When the control ring 275 rotates, the relative position of the control ring 275 and the control rod 278 changes, thereby driving the position of the blocking block 276 to change. When the water level reaches the highest water level, the control rod 278 reaches the guide part 2754, and the blocking block 276 moves toward and fits the cone head 277 to achieve blocking and automatic water cut-off.

[0055] Sunlight can penetrate the glass tube 41 and shine on the heat absorption layer 43 on the heat absorption tube 42. The heat absorption layer 43 can absorb solar radiation and generate heat to heat the water in the heat absorption tube 42. The hot water will rise to the top of the heat absorption tube 42 and flow into the insulation tube 2, while the cold water will sink to the bottom of the heat absorption tube 42 and continue to absorb heat. This thermal cycle allows the water in the insulation tube 2 to be continuously heated, thereby reaching a higher temperature. At the same time, the reflective sheet 31 can reflect the sunlight passing through the gaps between the heat collecting tubes 4. The sunlight reflected by the reflective sheet 31 shines on the heating tube 44 through the backlight surface of the heat absorption tube 42, causing the evaporation tube 441 to absorb heat and generate heat. The volatile agent is vaporized and reaches the liquefied ball 442, where it contacts the lower temperature liquid in the insulation tube 2, liquefies and refluxes and vaporizes. Through the vaporization-liquefaction process of the volatile agent, the absorbed solar energy is converted into thermal energy and efficiently transferred to the water in the insulation tube 2.

[0056] The water level control mechanism 27 can automatically replenish water according to the water level in the high temperature zone 24. In addition, since the replenished cold water is not directly mixed with the high temperature zone 24, but the hot water in the medium temperature zone 23 and the low temperature zone 22 is continuously and step-by-step transferred, the replenished cold water cannot directly affect the hot water in the high temperature zone 24. By optimizing the step-by-step replenishment method of water flow and cooperating with the water level control mechanism 27 for automatic water addition, it not only reduces the user's operating burden, but also ensures a stable supply of water in the system.

Claims

1. A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The mounting frame (1) is provided with a heat preservation tube (2), a reflection plate (3) and a plurality of heat collecting tubes (4), wherein: Two partition plates (21) are arranged in the heat preservation tube (2), dividing the heat preservation tube (2) into a low temperature zone (22), a medium temperature zone (23) and a high temperature zone (24); and a conduit (25) is arranged on the partition plate (21) for connecting the two sides of the partition plate (21); the conduit (25) is arranged at the top of the partition plate (21), and the output end of the conduit (25) extends to the bottom of the heat preservation tube (2); a water inlet pipe (26) and a water outlet pipe (28) are installed on the outer wall of the heat preservation tube (2); the water inlet pipe (26) is connected to the low temperature zone (22), and the water outlet pipe (28) is connected to the high temperature zone (24); and a water level control mechanism (27) for controlling the water inlet state of the water inlet pipe (26) is installed on the side of the heat preservation tube (2); The reflective plate (3) is arranged at an angle, a plurality of installation grooves arranged side by side are provided on the surface of the reflective plate (3), a rotatable reflective sheet (31) is arranged in the installation groove, and a synchronous driving mechanism is arranged between the plurality of reflective sheets (31); A plurality of heat collecting tubes (4) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting grooves, the heat collecting tubes (4) and the reflector plate (3) maintain the same inclination angle, one end of the heat collecting tube (4) is fixed on the mounting frame (1), and the other end extends into the heat preservation tube (2); The heat collecting tube (4) comprises a coaxially arranged glass tube (41) and a heat absorbing tube (42); the outer wall of the heat absorbing tube (42) is coated with a heat absorbing layer (43); the heat absorbing tube (42) is connected to the interior of the heat insulation tube (2); and a heating tube (44) is also arranged inside the heat absorbing tube (42); The heating tube (44) comprises an evaporation tube (441) coaxially arranged with the heat absorbing tube (42); one end of the evaporation tube (441) extending to the heat preservation tube (2) is provided with a liquefied ball (442); the whole formed by the evaporation tube (441) and the liquefied ball (442) has a cavity inside, and a liquid volatile agent is contained in the cavity; The reflective sheet (31) is semicircular and coaxial with the heating tube (44); the length of the reflective sheet (31) is greater than that of the reflective plate (3); the bottom end of the reflective sheet (31) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (1); the top end of the reflective sheet (31) protrudes beyond the reflective plate (3); and both sides of the reflective sheet (31) are coated with a reflective layer, a light-collecting surface (311) is formed on the concave surface of the reflective sheet (31), and a light-scattering surface (312) is formed on the convex surface of the reflective sheet (31); The water level control mechanism (27) comprises a sealing cover (271) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the heat preservation cylinder (2); the water inlet pipe (26) passes through the sealing cover (271); the sealing cover (271) is connected to the high temperature zone (24) through a connecting pipe (272); a connecting rod (274) with a floating ball (273) installed at the end thereof is rotatably arranged at the center of the sealing cover (271); a control ring (275) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (274); A blocking block (276) having a flow channel is provided in a sealing and sliding manner in the water inlet pipe (26); a cone head (277) corresponding to the flow channel in the blocking block (276) is also fixedly installed in the water inlet pipe (26); a control rod (278) slidably connected to a control ring (275) is installed on the blocking block (276); when the control ring (275) rotates, the blocking block (276) is controlled to slide axially to realize the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe (26).

2. A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The space between the glass tube (41) and the heat absorbing tube (42) is a closed space and is subjected to a vacuum treatment.

3. A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the heat absorption layer (43) is semicircular, and the heat absorption layer (43) faces a side away from the reflection plate (3).

4. A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control ring (275) includes a mounting portion (2751), a guide portion 1 (2752), a driving portion (2753) and a guide portion 2 (2754); the guide portion 1 (2752) and the guide portion 2 (2754) are axially offset and connected via the driving portion (2753); and the control rod (278) is capable of sliding on the guide portion 1 (2752), the driving portion (2753) and the guide portion 2 (2754).

5. A solar thermal collector with high light collection and heat conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous drive mechanism comprises a toothed ring (32) fixedly arranged at the end of the reflective sheet (31); a rack (33) is slidably arranged on the reflective plate (3); a plurality of toothed rings (32) are meshed with the rack (33); an electric push rod (34) is fixedly installed on the back of the reflective plate (3); the telescopic end of the electric push rod (34) is fixedly connected to the rack (33); and the electric push rod (34) is electrically connected to a contact switch (279) fixedly installed on a control ring (275).

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