UAV antenna performance testing method and system based on microwave darkroom

Abstract

The present application provides a method and system for testing the antenna performance of a UAV based on a microwave darkroom, and relates to the field of antenna performance testing technology, including: determining the test performance index and multiple radiation modes of the target antenna based on the UAV; traversing the multiple radiation modes to determine the mode switching conditions; based on the mode switching conditions, determining the mode control logic, and configuring the test control module; based on the test control module, controlling the dynamic scanning and mode switching control in the three-dimensional space based on the multiple radiation modes in coordination with the rotating platform and the detector, and determining the mode test data; real-time feedback of the mode test data, generating a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram based on the image reconstruction model; and determining the antenna performance test results based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram. The present application solves the technical problem that the traditional microwave darkroom test method lacks the means to test the antenna's performance in three-dimensional space, resulting in the inability to fully evaluate the antenna performance, and significantly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the antenna performance test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antenna performance testing, and in particular to a method and system for testing the antenna performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle based on a microwave darkroom. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are key components of drone communication systems, and their radiation characteristics directly affect the drone's communication quality and flight control. In the field of drone antenna performance testing, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the test, the test method based on the microwave darkroom has gradually become a common choice. The microwave darkroom can effectively shield external electromagnetic interference and reduce the impact of reflected waves through built-in absorbing materials, providing a nearly ideal electromagnetic environment, ensuring that the test results are closer to the performance of the antenna in actual work.

[0003] However, existing microwave darkroom-based UAV antenna testing methods usually rely on static testing, that is, measuring radiation characteristics when the UAV is fixed. This testing method cannot simulate the antenna performance fluctuations caused by the attitude changes of the UAV during flight, so the test results may deviate from the antenna performance under actual flight conditions. In addition, traditional microwave darkroom testing methods usually focus on the radiation pattern of the antenna in a two-dimensional plane, while ignoring the radiation characteristics of the antenna in three-dimensional space. This limitation results in the test data being unable to fully reflect the actual working state of the antenna, which is not conducive to the optimization and improvement of the antenna design. At the same time, the data processing and visualization in the existing methods often lag behind the test process and cannot reflect the antenna performance in real time, which limits the real-time and flexibility of the test. These shortcomings pose new challenges to the efficient and accurate testing of UAV antennas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and system for testing the performance of UAV antennas based on a microwave anechoic chamber, which solves the technical problem that the traditional microwave anechoic chamber testing method mainly focuses on the measurement of two-dimensional radiation patterns and lacks testing means for the antenna's performance in three-dimensional space, resulting in an inability to comprehensively evaluate the performance of UAV antennas. The application achieves the technical effect of significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of UAV antenna performance testing.

[0005] In view of the above problems, on the one hand, the present application provides a method for testing the antenna performance of a drone based on a microwave darkroom, the method comprising: determining the test performance index and multiple radiation modes of a target antenna based on a drone, wherein the target antenna is fixed on a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment; traversing the multiple radiation modes, determining the mode switching conditions with the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching conditions correspond to the order of the radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle; based on the mode switching conditions, determining the mode control logic, configuring the test control module, and the test control module is connected to the test equipment group; based on the test control module, controlling the dynamic scanning and mode switching control in the three-dimensional space based on the multiple radiation modes in coordination with the rotating platform and the detector, and determining the mode test data; transmitting the mode test data in real time, performing digital-to-image conversion based on an image reconstruction model to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and the image reconstruction model is constructed based on data-driven training in computer graphics; based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, performing identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index to determine the antenna performance test result.

[0006] On the other hand, the present application also provides a UAV antenna performance test system based on a microwave darkroom, the system comprising: a test target determination unit, the test target determination unit is used to determine the test performance indicators and multiple radiation modes of the target antenna based on the UAV, wherein the target antenna is fixed to a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment; a mode switching condition determination unit, the mode switching condition determination unit is used to traverse the multiple radiation modes, and determine the mode switching conditions with the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching conditions correspond to the order of radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle; a test control strategy configuration unit, the test control strategy configuration unit is used to determine based on the mode switching conditions. A fixed mode control logic is configured to configure a test control module, wherein the test control module is connected to the test equipment group; a test execution unit, wherein the test execution unit is used to control the dynamic scanning and mode switching management in the three-dimensional space based on the multiple radiation modes in the cooperation of the rotating platform and the detector based on the test control module, and determine the mode test data; a digital-to-image conversion unit, wherein the digital-to-image conversion unit is used to transmit the mode test data back in real time, and perform digital-to-image conversion to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram based on an image reconstruction model, wherein the image reconstruction model is constructed through data-driven training based on computer graphics; a test result determination unit, wherein the test result determination unit is used to perform identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance indicators based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and determine the antenna performance test result.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0008] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for testing the performance of a drone antenna based on a microwave darkroom provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a UAV antenna performance test system based on a microwave darkroom provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Explanation of the reference numerals: test target determination unit 10 , mode switching condition determination unit 20 , test control strategy configuration unit 30 , test execution unit 40 , digital-to-graph conversion unit 50 , test result determination unit 60 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and system for testing the performance of UAV antennas based on a microwave anechoic chamber, thereby solving the technical problem that the traditional microwave anechoic chamber testing method mainly focuses on the measurement of two-dimensional radiation patterns and lacks testing means for the antenna's performance in three-dimensional space, resulting in an inability to comprehensively evaluate the performance of UAV antennas. The embodiment of the present application achieves the technical effect of significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of UAV antenna performance testing.

[0013] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing the performance of a drone antenna based on a microwave darkroom, the method comprising:

[0014] Determine test performance indicators and multiple radiation patterns of a target antenna based on a drone, wherein the target antenna is fixed to a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment.

[0015] Specifically, the target antenna is the antenna installed on the drone and needs to be tested, usually a group of antenna arrays, which is the core object of the entire test. Before the test begins, the target and scope of the test must be clarified, that is, the key performance indicators of the target antenna on the drone and the possible multiple radiation modes of the antenna under different working conditions, each radiation mode corresponds to different radiation directions and intensities. Among them, the test performance indicators are key parameters used to measure the performance of the antenna, including gain, radiation pattern, bandwidth, etc., which determine the working effect of the antenna under different conditions. This step is the basis of the entire test and provides a clear direction for subsequent steps. Then fix the target antenna on the rotating platform and place it in a microwave darkroom. The microwave darkroom provides an environment shielded from external interference, which can effectively reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the test results and ensure the accuracy of the test; while the rotating platform allows the antenna to be tested at different angles to simulate the actual working conditions of the drone in flight.

[0016] The multiple radiation modes are traversed, and a mode switching condition is determined based on the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching condition corresponds to the order of radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle.

[0017] Specifically, the excitation amplitude and excitation phase are two important parameters that control the signal transmitted by the antenna unit. The excitation amplitude controls the strength of the signal, and the excitation phase determines the time relationship of the signal. After completing the basic settings, traverse the various radiation modes of the antenna, and use the excitation amplitude and phase of each antenna unit to determine the conditions for mode switching. Among them, the mode switching bar is a condition used to automatically switch between different radiation modes of the antenna during testing, usually based on changes in excitation amplitude and phase. For example, when switching radiation modes, a specific combination of excitation amplitude and phase may trigger a mode conversion. These switching conditions not only determine the switching order between modes, but also correspond to the step angle of the rotating platform to ensure that the antenna can accurately switch radiation modes at different angles.

[0018] Based on the mode switching condition, the mode control logic is determined, and a test control module is configured, and the test control module is connected to the test equipment group.

[0019] Specifically, based on the switching conditions, the corresponding mode control logic is determined and configured into the test control module. Among them, the mode control logic refers to the algorithm and logic for implementing mode switching, ensuring that each step in the test process is carried out in a predetermined order and under predetermined conditions. The test control module is a hardware or software component used to coordinate and control the work of the test equipment. The test control module connects and controls the test equipment group, including the rotating platform, detector, network analyzer, etc., through software or hardware to ensure that the equipment can work together. For example, in actual testing, the control module can automatically manage the motion trajectory of the rotating platform and the scanning path of the detector to ensure that the data of each radiation mode can be fully collected.

[0020] Based on the test control module, the rotating platform and the detector are controlled to perform dynamic scanning and mode switching control in three-dimensional space based on the multiple radiation modes to determine mode test data.

[0021] Specifically, the test control module directs the coordinated work of the rotating platform and the detector through the preset control logic, collects the antenna performance data under each radiation mode, and obtains comprehensive mode test data. Under the coordination of the test control module, the rotating platform and the detector begin to perform dynamic scanning in three-dimensional space, and measure the radiation characteristics of the antenna at different positions in three-dimensional space. The rotating platform is responsible for adjusting the angle of the antenna so that it can perform a full range of radiation characteristic tests in three-dimensional space. For example, assuming that the antenna needs to rotate 360 ​​degrees in the horizontal plane to measure the radiation intensity in different directions, the rotating platform will rotate the antenna at a precise step angle to ensure that the entire space is covered. The detector is located in a fixed or mobile position in the microwave darkroom and receives the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna in real time. In the multi-radiation mode test, the antenna will generate different radiation modes under different excitation conditions (such as different voltage and phase input). The test control module automatically switches the working mode of the antenna according to the pre-set mode switching conditions to obtain comprehensive mode test data. Among them, the mode test data refers to the data information about the antenna radiation mode obtained through the test, including the radiation intensity and phase distribution of the antenna in different directions under each mode. This process ensures that the performance of the antenna in different radiation modes and spatial positions is fully tested, laying the foundation for accurate evaluation of antenna performance.

[0022] The pattern test data is transmitted back in real time, and based on the image reconstruction model, a digital-to-image conversion is performed to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram. The image reconstruction model is constructed through data-driven training based on computer graphics.

[0023] Specifically, the collected antenna performance data is transmitted back in real time and input into the image reconstruction model. This image reconstruction model is an algorithm model used to convert test data into a visualized three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and is usually trained data-driven using computer graphics. The image reconstruction model uses computer graphics algorithms to convert these test data into three-dimensional visualization graphics to obtain a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram. This image shows the radiation characteristics of the antenna in all directions in three-dimensional space, and intuitively shows the radiation intensity distribution of the antenna at different angles and modes.

[0024] Based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index are performed to determine the antenna performance test result.

[0025] Specifically, by analyzing the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, data related to the test performance indicators are extracted. For example, the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram may show the distribution diagram of the radiation intensity of the antenna in different directions, from which the maximum radiation intensity and radiation angle of the antenna in each direction can be identified, and the two key indicators of antenna gain and directivity can be evaluated. The data in the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram is matched with the preset theoretical model to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the antenna. Through comparison and fitting, it can be judged whether the antenna has achieved the expected performance in actual work. For example, the least squares method or curve fitting algorithm is used to optimize the radiation pattern of the antenna so that the actual data can be matched with the theoretical expectations. Based on the identification and fitting results, the antenna performance test results are determined. These results summarize the comprehensive performance of the antenna in various radiation modes, such as the uniformity of gain, the accuracy of the radiation pattern, etc. Through the identification and multi-mode fitting of the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, the performance of the antenna in actual applications can be more comprehensively understood, providing a scientific basis for design and optimization.

[0026] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application determines the mode control logic and configures the test control module, including:

[0027] Traversing the multiple radiation patterns, constructing a programmable gate array; programming the pattern control logic, combining the programmable gate array, configuring a test control array; integrating the test control array, configuring a host device to manage the array, and generating the test control module.

[0028] Specifically, multiple radiation patterns are traversed to understand all the radiation patterns that the antenna can generate, and the characteristics of these patterns are converted into control logic to build a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The control logic is programmed and converted into a configuration file that the field programmable gate array (FPGA) can understand, and it is loaded into the field programmable gate array (FPGA) to configure the test control array. The program processing is usually completed using programming languages ​​such as VHDL or Verilog in combination with FPGA development tools (such as Vivado or Quartus). Multiple field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other control units (such as signal generators, receivers, etc.) are physically connected, and the system is integrated and managed in combination with the host device to generate a test control module. Among them, the host device is the central control unit of the system, which is responsible for monitoring and managing the operation of the test control array. It usually includes a computer or a dedicated processor, which is connected to the test control array through a communication interface (such as USB, Ethernet or serial port). The host device coordinates the execution of test tasks, processes the data returned from the test control array, and generates a test result report.

[0029] Through the above steps, an efficient and automated test control module was established, which can accurately manage the antenna performance test process and realize comprehensive testing and control of different radiation modes.

[0030] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application determines the mode test data, including:

[0031] A spatial field is established with the rotating platform as the radiation center; the first angle measurement data of the first test mode is transmitted back, field position positioning and data distribution are performed based on the spatial field, continuous radiation detection and field positioning distribution are performed as the rotating platform rotates step by step, and field radiation distribution data is determined as the pattern test data of the first test mode.

[0032] Specifically, the spatial field refers to the area where the antenna radiates in the three-dimensional space around it, which is used to describe the spatial range of the antenna radiation. With the center of the rotating platform as the radiation center, a three-dimensional spatial field is established to describe the spatial range of the antenna radiation. For example, if the antenna is located on a rotating platform, the center point of the platform is the reference point for measurement, and the entire three-dimensional space forms a field around this center point.

[0033] Collect data from the rotating platform, record the radiation of the antenna in the first test mode, and transmit back the first angle measurement data of the first test mode. The first test mode refers to a specific antenna radiation mode selected in the test. Each test mode may involve different excitation conditions, frequencies or phase settings. The first angle measurement data is the radiation angle data collected from the rotating platform in the first test mode. These data record the radiation intensity and direction of the antenna in different directions. For example, in the test mode with a frequency of 2.4GHz, measure the radiation intensity of the antenna at different angles.

[0034] The collected angle data is mapped into three-dimensional space to determine the distribution of radiation intensity at different locations. For example, by using a spatial coordinate system, the measurement data is mapped to specific points in three-dimensional space to show the change of the antenna's radiation intensity in the spatial field.

[0035] The rotating platform gradually rotates the antenna according to the predetermined step angle, performs continuous radiation measurement, records the data at each step angle, integrates all the measurement results at different angles and positions, and obtains complete field radiation distribution data, which are used as the pattern test data of the antenna in the first test mode. For example, when the platform rotates to 90 degrees, 180 degrees, etc., the radiation intensity data is recorded, and this data will be used to draw the radiation diagram of the antenna. Among them, the rotation step refers to the angular step length of each rotation of the rotating platform during the rotation process. For example, the platform may rotate 5 degrees each time for step-by-step measurement. Field radiation distribution data refers to a data set of the spatial distribution of antenna radiation intensity and direction in the entire spatial field. These data reflect the radiation characteristics of the antenna in a specific mode and provide basic data for subsequent performance evaluation.

[0036] Repeat the above steps to collect pattern test data under each radiation mode to obtain comprehensive and accurate performance test data.

[0037] Furthermore, the method described in the embodiment of the present application also includes:

[0038] Determine a collaborative operation mode, wherein the collaborative operation mode includes a first mode in which the rotating platform is fixed and the detector is moving, a second mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is fixed, and a third mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is moving; based on the collaborative operation mode, perform dynamic scanning control in three-dimensional space under a radiation mode.

[0039] Specifically, first, determine the cooperative operation mode, that is, select and set different working modes of the rotating platform and the detector. The cooperative operation mode includes a first mode in which the rotating platform is fixed and the detector is moving, a second mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is fixed, and a third mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is moving. Different operation modes represent different combination states of the rotating platform and the detector, so as to comprehensively scan and record the radiation characteristics of the antenna. In the first mode, the rotating platform remains stationary, while the detector moves in three-dimensional space. This mode is used to measure the radiation characteristics of the antenna at a fixed angle, and the movement range of the detector covers the entire three-dimensional space. In the second mode, the rotating platform rotates or moves, while the detector remains in a fixed position. This mode is used to measure the radiation characteristics of the antenna at different rotation angles, and the static position of the detector ensures accurate recording of the radiation intensity. In the third mode, both the rotating platform and the detector are moving. This mode is used to comprehensively scan the radiation characteristics of the antenna in three-dimensional space to ensure that the radiation data of the antenna in all directions can be obtained.

[0040] During the test, different operation modes can be combined, either single mode or multi-mode operation, to adjust and control the position of the rotating platform and detector in real time to fully scan the antenna's radiation pattern. This method ensures full coverage of the antenna's radiation characteristics and provides accurate data support for performance evaluation.

[0041] Furthermore, before the digital-to-image conversion is performed in the embodiment of the present application, the following steps are further included:

[0042] Establish a correspondence between radiation intensity and color coding to determine the first conversion condition; determine the second conversion condition based on a preset distribution interval, wherein the distribution interval constraint is performed based on an interpolation method, and the interpolation method includes mean interpolation less than or equal to a preset neighborhood spacing, and radiation propagation trend interpolation greater than a preset spacing; determine the third conversion condition based on resolution and visualization effect; perform digital-to-image conversion with the first conversion condition, the second conversion condition and the third conversion condition as constraints.

[0043] Specifically, first, a correspondence between radiation intensity and color coding is established, and the measured radiation intensity values ​​are mapped to different colors. Usually, higher radiation intensities are represented by more conspicuous colors, and lower radiation intensities are represented by darker colors. This correspondence makes the visualization of data more intuitive. For example, higher radiation intensities can be represented by red, while lower radiation intensities are represented by blue. The specific mapping relationship between radiation intensity and color coding is determined as the first conversion condition.

[0044] Next, the second conversion condition is determined with a preset distribution interval. The second conversion condition is a condition on the data distribution. The preset distribution interval defines the spacing between data points and determines how to interpolate to ensure the continuity and accuracy of the data. The interpolation method is used to fill the gaps between data points to provide a smoother visual effect. If the distance between data points is greater than the preset spacing, radial propagation trend interpolation is used to fill these gaps. Data points that are less than or equal to the preset spacing can be processed using mean interpolation. This step can be achieved through an interpolation algorithm, such as linear interpolation or spline interpolation.

[0045] Then, the third conversion condition is determined based on the resolution and visualization effect. The third conversion condition is a condition related to the image resolution and visualization effect, and determines the image resolution and visualization effect, that is, the image detail level and the image clarity and beauty.

[0046] The first, second and third conversion conditions defined above are applied to the data to perform digital-to-image conversion and generate the final visualization image. The definition of these conditions ensures the accuracy and consistency of the digital-to-image conversion process, so that the final image can achieve the desired effect.

[0047] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application performs identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index, including:

[0048] The three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram corresponds one-to-one with the multiple radiation patterns; traverse the multiple radiation patterns to determine multiple pattern evaluation standards; traverse the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and determine the performance indicator matrix of each radiation pattern in combination with the multiple pattern evaluation standards; perform mean calculation on the performance indicator matrix to determine the antenna performance test result.

[0049] Specifically, multiple radiation modes are traversed, and evaluation criteria are set for each radiation mode, including gain, directivity, coverage angle and other criteria. Each of the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagrams generated above uniquely corresponds to a radiation mode, and the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagrams are traversed, and the data in each three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram is combined with the evaluation criteria under the corresponding mode, and the performance index under each radiation mode is calculated, and a performance index matrix is ​​generated. Then, the mean of each index in the performance index matrix is ​​calculated, and the result of the mean calculation is used as the final performance test result, which represents the comprehensive performance of the antenna under all test modes.

[0050] Exemplarily, there are three radiation modes: "omnidirectional mode", "directional mode" and "low sidelobe mode", and the radiation characteristics of the antenna are different in each mode. For each mode, the defined evaluation criteria include maximum gain, main lobe width and side lobe level. The maximum gain can measure the radiation intensity of the antenna in the most effective direction, the main lobe width reflects the radiation concentration of the antenna, and the side lobe level indicates the radiation intensity except for the main radiation direction. For each radiation mode, the performance indicators obtained from the test are recorded to form a matrix. For the "maximum gain" indicator, 15dBi, 16dBi and 14dBi were measured in the three modes respectively. After the mean calculation, the average maximum gain is 15dBi, and the maximum gain in the antenna performance test result is 15dBi. In this way, the performance of the antenna in different working modes can be comprehensively evaluated, providing a scientific basis for the design and optimization of the antenna.

[0051] Furthermore, after determining the antenna performance test result, the embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0052] Identify the antenna performance test results and locate radiation defects based on radiation standards; traverse the radiation defects, trace and locate the defects for the target antenna, and determine the antenna process defects; based on the antenna process defects, make defect optimization decisions and global coordinated adjustments based on the greedy principle to determine the process optimization strategy; based on the process optimization strategy, optimize the production management of the target antenna.

[0053] Specifically, first, analyze the performance of the antenna based on the test results and compare the actual performance with the requirements of the radiation standard. Among them, the radiation standard is a reference standard for evaluating antenna performance, which usually includes different performance requirements, such as maximum gain, directivity error, radiation uniformity, etc. This step can use analysis tools such as MATLAB or Excel to visualize the test results and compare the standards. According to the set radiation standards, identify radiation defects in the test results. Radiation defects are defects or problems found in the antenna performance test results that do not meet the radiation standards, such as uneven radiation intensity, insufficient gain, etc. For example, if there is a clear area of ​​intensity drop in the radiation pattern, this indicates a radiation defect.

[0054] Perform a detailed analysis of each radiation defect found to identify and track the root cause of the radiation defect, including analyzing the manufacturing process, material problems or design defects, and determining antenna process defects. Antenna process defects are defects that cause antenna performance to fail to meet standards during the manufacturing or design process. For example, process instability during the production process, improper material selection, etc. This step can use root cause analysis tools, such as fishbone diagrams or 5 Whys analysis methods, to find out the root cause of the defect.

[0055] Apply the greedy principle to develop a process optimization strategy. During the optimization process, only each process defect is adjusted and small improvements are made step by step to improve the performance as much as possible at each step. Prioritize solving the defects that have the greatest impact on antenna performance, and optimize them in sequence to determine multiple adjustment strategies based on greedy goals. These strategies are only optimal for greedy goals. On this basis, global collaborative adjustments are made to find the optimal settings and determine the process optimization strategy. Among them, the process optimization strategy is an improvement plan formulated based on the identified process defects and the greedy principle, aiming to improve the overall performance and production efficiency of the antenna.

[0056] Finally, the developed optimization strategy is implemented to manage the production process of the target antenna, including improving the production process, adjusting operating parameters, improving material usage, etc. Using production management software can help track and implement these optimization measures.

[0057] The above steps can effectively improve the manufacturing quality and performance of the antenna through systematic defect analysis and optimization measures, achieving the goal of high-quality production.

[0058] In summary, the UAV antenna performance testing method based on a microwave darkroom provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following technical effects:

[0059] Determine the test performance indicators and multiple radiation modes of the target antenna based on the drone. This step defines the target and scope of the test, clarifies the key performance parameters of the antenna to be tested and its possible radiation modes, and provides standards and basis for subsequent tests. Among them, the target antenna is fixed on a rotating platform, and the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom. The microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment, ensures the environmental stability during the test, and realizes a comprehensive test of the radiation characteristics of the antenna in different directions through rotation. Traverse the multiple radiation modes, and determine the mode switching conditions with the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching conditions correspond to the order of the radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle. This step ensures that the switching between multiple radiation modes can be smooth and accurate, and realizes the controllability of dynamic testing. Based on the mode switching conditions, determine the mode control logic, configure the test control module, and connect the test control module to the test equipment group to realize the coordinated control of the rotating platform and the detector, automatically process the mode switching and test steps, and improve the automation level and accuracy of the test. Based on the test control module, the control is performed to perform dynamic scanning and mode switching control in three-dimensional space based on the multiple radiation modes in coordination with the rotating platform and the detector, determine the mode test data, and ensure the comprehensiveness and three-dimensionality of the test data. The mode test data is transmitted back in real time, and based on the image reconstruction model, a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram is generated by digital-to-image conversion, which intuitively displays the radiation characteristics of the antenna. Based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance indicators are performed to determine the antenna performance test results. Identify the antenna performance test results and locate radiation defects based on radiation standards; traverse the radiation defects, trace and locate the defects for the target antenna, and determine the antenna process defects; based on the antenna process defects, defect optimization decisions and global collaborative adjustments are made based on the greedy principle, and the process optimization strategy is determined to optimize the production management of the target antenna. Through systematic defect analysis and optimization measures, the manufacturing quality and performance of the antenna can be effectively improved.

[0060] In general, the embodiments of the present application provide a fully controlled test environment, introduce an automated test process, integrate high-precision three-dimensional radiation pattern measurement technology into a microwave anechoic chamber, and use image reconstruction technology to further reduce measurement errors, thereby significantly improving the comprehensiveness, efficiency and accuracy of UAV antenna performance testing and providing strong support for UAV antenna design and optimization.

[0061] Embodiment 2, as Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a UAV antenna performance test system based on a microwave darkroom, and the system includes:

[0062] A test target determination unit 10 is used to determine the test performance index and multiple radiation modes of a target antenna based on a drone, wherein the target antenna is fixed on a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment.

[0063] A mode switching condition determination unit 20 is used to traverse the multiple radiation modes and determine the mode switching condition based on the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching condition corresponds to the order of radiation modes and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle.

[0064] The test control strategy configuration unit 30 is used to determine the mode control logic and configure the test control module based on the mode switching condition, and the test control module is connected to the test equipment group.

[0065] The test execution unit 40 is used to control the dynamic scanning and mode switching control in the three-dimensional space based on the multi-radiation mode in the cooperation of the rotating platform and the detector based on the test control module to determine the mode test data.

[0066] A digital-to-image conversion unit 50 is used to transmit the pattern test data back in real time, and to perform digital-to-image conversion to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram based on an image reconstruction model. The image reconstruction model is constructed through data-driven training based on computer graphics.

[0067] The test result determination unit 60 is used to determine the antenna performance test result by performing identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram.

[0068] Furthermore, the mode switching condition determination unit 20 in the embodiment of the present application is further configured to perform the following steps:

[0069] Traversing the multiple radiation patterns, constructing a programmable gate array; programming the pattern control logic, combining the programmable gate array, configuring a test control array; integrating the test control array, configuring a host device to manage the array, and generating the test control module.

[0070] Furthermore, the test execution unit 40 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0071] A spatial field is established with the rotating platform as the radiation center; the first angle measurement data of the first test mode is transmitted back, field position positioning and data distribution are performed based on the spatial field, continuous radiation detection and field positioning distribution are performed as the rotating platform rotates step by step, and field radiation distribution data is determined as the pattern test data of the first test mode.

[0072] Furthermore, the system described in the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0073] Determine a collaborative operation mode, wherein the collaborative operation mode includes a first mode in which the rotating platform is fixed and the detector is moving, a second mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is fixed, and a third mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is moving; based on the collaborative operation mode, perform dynamic scanning control in three-dimensional space under a radiation mode.

[0074] Furthermore, the digital-to-image conversion unit 50 of the embodiment of the present application is further configured to perform the following steps before performing the digital-to-image conversion:

[0075] Establish a correspondence between radiation intensity and color coding to determine the first conversion condition; determine the second conversion condition based on a preset distribution interval, wherein the distribution interval constraint is performed based on an interpolation method, and the interpolation method includes mean interpolation less than or equal to a preset neighborhood spacing, and radiation propagation trend interpolation greater than a preset spacing; determine the third conversion condition based on resolution and visualization effect; perform digital-to-image conversion with the first conversion condition, the second conversion condition and the third conversion condition as constraints.

[0076] Furthermore, the test result determination unit 60 of the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0077] The three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram corresponds one-to-one with the multiple radiation patterns; traverse the multiple radiation patterns to determine multiple pattern evaluation standards; traverse the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and determine the performance indicator matrix of each radiation pattern in combination with the multiple pattern evaluation standards; perform mean calculation on the performance indicator matrix to determine the antenna performance test result.

[0078] Furthermore, the system described in the embodiment of the present application is also used to perform the following steps:

[0079] Identify the antenna performance test results and locate radiation defects based on radiation standards; traverse the radiation defects, trace and locate the defects for the target antenna, and determine the antenna process defects; based on the antenna process defects, make defect optimization decisions and global coordinated adjustments based on the greedy principle to determine the process optimization strategy; based on the process optimization strategy, optimize the production management of the target antenna.

[0080] Through the above-mentioned detailed description of the UAV antenna performance test method based on the microwave darkroom in this specification, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the UAV antenna performance test system based on the microwave darkroom in this embodiment. For the system disclosed in Example 2, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in Example 1 and has corresponding functional units and beneficial effects, the relevant parts can be referred to the method part description.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The UAV antenna performance test method based on microwave darkroom is characterized by: The method comprises: Determine test performance indicators and multiple radiation patterns of a target antenna based on a UAV, wherein the target antenna is fixed to a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment; Traversing the multiple radiation modes, determining a mode switching condition based on the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching condition corresponds to the order of the radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle; Based on the mode switching condition, determine the mode control logic, configure the test control module, and connect the test equipment group; Based on the test control module, control the rotating platform and the detector to perform dynamic scanning and mode switching control in three-dimensional space based on the multi-radiation mode to determine mode test data; The pattern test data is transmitted back in real time, and a digital-to-image conversion is performed based on an image reconstruction model to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, wherein the image reconstruction model is constructed through data-driven training based on computer graphics; Based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index are performed to determine the antenna performance test result; The identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index includes: The three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram corresponds one-to-one to the multiple radiation patterns; Traversing the multiple radiation patterns and determining a plurality of pattern evaluation criteria; Traversing the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram, and determining a performance indicator matrix for each radiation pattern in combination with the multiple pattern evaluation criteria; Performing mean calculation on the performance indicator matrix to determine the antenna performance test result; After the antenna performance test result is determined, the method includes: Identify the antenna performance test results and locate radiation defects based on radiation standards; Traversing the radiation defects, tracing and locating the defects on the target antenna, and determining the antenna process defects; Based on the antenna process defects, defect optimization decisions and global coordinated adjustments are made based on the greedy principle to determine the process optimization strategy; Based on the process optimization strategy, the target antenna is optimized for production management.

2. The method for testing the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna based on a microwave darkroom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining mode control logic and configuring the test control module include: Traversing the multiple radiation patterns to construct a programmable gate array; Programming the mode control logic, combining it with the programmable gate array, and configuring a test control array; The test control array is integrated, and a host device is configured to manage the array to generate the test control module.

3. The method for testing the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna based on a microwave darkroom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining mode test data comprises: Establishing a space field with the rotating platform as the radiation center; The first angle measurement data of the first test mode is transmitted back, field position positioning and data distribution are performed based on the spatial field, continuous radiation detection and field positioning distribution are performed as the rotating platform rotates step by step, and field radiation distribution data is determined as the mode test data of the first test mode.

4. The method for testing the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna based on a microwave darkroom according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Determine a cooperative operation mode, wherein the cooperative operation mode includes a first mode in which the rotating platform is stationary and the detector is moving, a second mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is stationary, and a third mode in which the rotating platform is moving and the detector is moving; Based on the collaborative operation mode, dynamic scanning control is performed in three-dimensional space in a radiation mode.

5. The method for testing the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna based on a microwave darkroom according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the digital-to-image conversion is performed, the following steps are included: Establishing a corresponding relationship between radiation intensity and color coding, and determining a first conversion condition; Determine a second conversion condition with a preset distribution interval, wherein the distribution interval constraint is performed based on an interpolation method, and the interpolation method includes mean interpolation less than or equal to a preset neighborhood interval and radiation propagation trend interpolation greater than the preset interval; Determine the third conversion condition based on resolution and visualization effect; The digital-to-image conversion is performed with the first conversion condition, the second conversion condition and the third conversion condition as constraints.

6. The UAV antenna performance test system based on microwave darkroom is characterized by: The system is used to perform the UAV antenna performance testing method based on a microwave darkroom according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the system comprises: A test target determination unit, the test target determination unit is used to determine the test performance index and multiple radiation modes of the target antenna based on the UAV, wherein the target antenna is fixed to a rotating platform, the rotating platform is placed in a microwave darkroom, and the microwave darkroom provides a controlled test environment; A mode switching condition determination unit, the mode switching condition determination unit is used to traverse the multiple radiation modes and determine the mode switching condition based on the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of each antenna unit, wherein the mode switching condition corresponds to the order of radiation modes, and each radiation mode is marked with a rotation step angle; A test control strategy configuration unit, the test control strategy configuration unit is used to determine the mode control logic based on the mode switching condition and configure a test control module, the test control module is connected to the test equipment group; A test execution unit, the test execution unit is used to control the rotating platform and the detector to perform dynamic scanning and mode switching control in a three-dimensional space based on the multi-radiation mode based on the test control module, and determine the mode test data; A digital-to-image conversion unit, the digital-to-image conversion unit is used to transmit the pattern test data back in real time, and to perform digital-to-image conversion to generate a three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram based on an image reconstruction model, wherein the image reconstruction model is constructed through data-driven training based on computer graphics; A test result determination unit is used to determine the antenna performance test result based on the three-dimensional radiation pattern diagram by performing identification and multi-mode fitting based on the test performance index.

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