Display module and manufacturing method thereof, and display device

Abstract

The present application discloses a display module and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device; the display module comprises a panel body, a spacer layer, a first refractive index layer and a second refractive index layer; the panel body comprises a plurality of light-emitting parts; the spacer layer is arranged on one side of the panel body; the first refractive index layer is arranged on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body; the second refractive index layer is arranged on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer; wherein a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting parts are provided in the spacer layer, the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and the bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the spacer layer comprises a shading material; the present application can improve the forward light output efficiency of the display module, improve the display effect of the display module, and reduce the power consumption of the display module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display panels have been regarded as the next generation of new display technology in the display industry because of their advantages over traditional liquid crystal displays (LCDs), such as light weight, wide viewing angle, fast response time, low temperature resistance, and high luminous efficiency.

[0003] At present, PLP (Pol Less Panel) technology is often used to replace the polarizer in the display panel. The PLP technology uses a black matrix to block the non-pixel area and color resists, such as red, green and blue, in the pixel area to reduce reflection.

[0004] However, due to the limitation of the transmittance of the photoresist material, it is difficult to improve the forward light extraction efficiency of the display panel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a display module and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device, which can effectively improve the forward light output efficiency of the display module.

[0006] The present application provides a display module, which includes:

[0007] A panel body, the panel body comprising a plurality of light-emitting parts;

[0008] A spacer layer is arranged on one side of the panel body;

[0009] A first refractive index layer is disposed on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body;

[0010] A second refractive index layer is disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer;

[0011] Among them, the spacer layer is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting parts, the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the spacer layer includes a light-shielding material.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the display module further includes a light adjustment layer disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, and dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the display module further comprises a cover plate disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer;

[0016] The light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate close to the second refractive index layer;

[0017] Alternatively, the light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate away from the second refractive index layer.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the first refractive index layer includes a first sub-portion covering the side wall of the opening and a second sub-portion covering the bottom of the opening, and the angle between the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the film thickness of the first sub-portion at different positions is uniform.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the film thickness of the second sub-portion at different positions is uniform.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the first refractive index layer includes thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, the display module includes a sensor placement area and a display area adjacent to the sensor placement area, the display module includes a light-transmitting opening arranged in the sensor placement area, the first refractive index layer is at least arranged in the display area, and the spacer layer is arranged in the display area and not arranged in the sensor placement area.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, the first refractive index layer is further arranged in the sensor placement area and covers the side wall and the bottom of the light-transmitting opening, and the display module further comprises a filling portion arranged on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the panel body and located in the sensor placement area, and the filling portion fills the light-transmitting opening;

[0024] The material of the filling part includes at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, the second refractive index layer is disposed in the display area and the sensor placement area, and the second refractive index layer fills the plurality of openings and the light-transmitting openings.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the first refractive index layer includes at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.7.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, a difference between the refractive index of the first refractive index layer and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.08.

[0029] According to the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a display module, which includes:

[0030] Providing a panel body, the panel body comprising a plurality of light-emitting portions;

[0031] A spacer layer is formed on one side of the panel body, wherein a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions are formed in the spacer layer, and a material of the spacer layer includes a light-shielding material;

[0032] forming a first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, wherein the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and bottoms of the plurality of openings;

[0033] A second refractive index layer is formed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, the step of forming a spacer layer on one side of the panel body includes:

[0035] forming a light shielding material layer on one side of the panel body;

[0036] The light shielding material layer is patterned to form the spacer layer having a plurality of openings.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, the step of forming a first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body comprises:

[0038] A protective layer is attached to a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, and the protective layer is attached to the spacer layer via an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer at least covers the side wall and the bottom of the opening;

[0039] The protective layer is removed, and the adhesive layer remaining on the sidewall and bottom of the opening forms the first refractive index layer.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present application, after the step of forming the second refractive index layer on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the step further includes:

[0041] forming a light adjustment layer on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, wherein dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer;

[0042] Among them, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%.

[0043] According to the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, which includes the display module, or a display module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the display module.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present application: The present application opens an opening in the spacer layer, and the first refractive index layer can cover the side walls and the bottom of the opening, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the opening, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer, thereby forming a reflective surface at the side wall of the opening, reducing the light output at a large viewing angle, improving the forward light output efficiency of the display module, improving the display effect of the display module, and reducing the power consumption of the display module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of the present application will be made apparent by describing in detail the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel provided by an embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first structure of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 A second structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 A third structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 A fifth structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 7 A sixth structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 8 A flow chart of a method for manufacturing a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figures 9 to 13 A schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the display module provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the various specific processes and material examples provided by the present application, but those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1In a display panel using the PLP technology, the display panel includes a panel body 1 and a color filter layer arranged on the light-emitting side of the panel body 1. Specifically, the color filter layer includes a black matrix layer 2, in which a plurality of openings are provided. The color filter layer also includes a plurality of color resist blocks 3 arranged in the plurality of openings to replace the polarizer and achieve anti-reflection. However, due to the limited transmittance of the photoresist material of the color resist block 3, it is difficult to improve the forward light emission efficiency of the display panel.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 An embodiment of the present application provides a display module, which includes a panel body 10, a spacer layer 20, a first refractive index layer 30 and a second refractive index layer 40.

[0059] The panel body 10 includes a plurality of light-emitting portions, the spacer layer 20 is disposed on one side of the panel body 10, the first refractive index layer 30 is disposed on a side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10, the second refractive index layer 40 is disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30.

[0060] Furthermore, a plurality of openings 201 corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions are provided in the spacer layer 20, the first refractive index layer 30 covers the side walls and the bottom of the plurality of openings 201, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the plurality of openings 201, and the material of the spacer layer 20 includes a light-shielding material.

[0061] During the implementation of the application, the embodiment of the present application opens the opening 201 in the spacer layer 20, and the first refractive index layer 30 can cover the side walls and the bottom of the opening 201, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the opening 201, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30, so that a reflective surface can be formed at the side wall of the opening 201, reducing the light output at a large viewing angle, improving the forward light output efficiency of the display module, improving the display effect of the display module, and reducing the power consumption of the display module.

[0062] Specifically, in some embodiments, the display module includes a panel body 10, a touch layer 61 arranged on the light emitting side of the panel body 10, a spacer layer 20 arranged on the side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10, a first refractive index layer 30 arranged on the side of the spacer layer 20 away from the touch layer 61, and a second refractive index layer 40 arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20.

[0063] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 may include an OLED display panel; wherein the panel body 10 includes a substrate and a thin film transistor layer disposed on the substrate.

[0064] In some embodiments, the substrate may be a hard substrate, such as a glass substrate; or the substrate may be a flexible substrate, such as a substrate formed of polyimide. When the substrate is a flexible substrate, the substrate may be formed of multiple sub-substrates made of the same material, such as polyimide, and adjacent sub-substrates are bonded by bonding sub-layers.

[0065] In some embodiments, the thin film transistor layer includes a thin film transistor, which includes a semiconductor located on a substrate, and the semiconductor can be formed of polysilicon or a metal oxide (such as indium gallium zinc oxide). Among them, the semiconductor is divided into a channel region and a source region and a drain region formed on both sides of the channel region. The thin film transistor layer also includes a first gate insulating layer, and the first gate insulating layer covers the semiconductor. The thin film transistor also includes a first gate formed on the first gate insulating layer, and the first gate overlaps with the channel region. The first gate can be formed as a plurality of layers or a single layer including a low resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof, or a material with high corrosion resistance. The thin film transistor layer also includes a second gate insulating layer, and the second gate insulating layer covers the first gate. The thin film transistor also includes a second gate located on the second gate insulating layer, and the second gate overlaps with the first gate. The second gate can be formed as a plurality of layers or a single layer including a low resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof, or a material with high corrosion resistance. The thin film transistor layer also includes a first interlayer insulating layer formed on the second gate. The first interlayer insulating layer, the first gate insulating layer and the second gate insulating layer include a source contact hole and a drain contact hole, and the source region and the drain region are exposed through the source contact hole and the drain contact hole, respectively.

[0066] The thin film transistor also includes a source and a drain arranged in the same layer, both formed on the first interlayer insulating layer, the source electrode is connected to the source region through the source contact hole, and the drain electrode is connected to the drain region through the drain contact hole. Among them, the source and the drain can be multiple layers or a single layer formed by a low resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or their alloys, or a material with high corrosion resistance. For example, the source and the drain can be a triple layer of Ti / Cu / Ti, Ti / Ag / Ti, Ti / Al / Ti or Mo / Al / Mo or other single or multilayer structures.

[0067] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes a planar layer located on a side of the thin film transistor layer away from the substrate, and the planar layer covers the source electrode and the drain electrode.

[0068] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes an anode layer located on a side of the planar layer away from the thin film transistor layer, the anode layer includes a plurality of anodes, and the anodes are arranged one by one in correspondence with the pixel units. Each anode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor respectively. The planar layer includes an anode contact hole, and the anode contacts the source or drain of the thin film transistor through the anode contact hole.

[0069] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes a pixel definition layer, the pixel definition layer is arranged on a side of the planar layer away from the thin film transistor layer, and the pixel definition layer includes a pixel definition portion and a pixel opening located between the pixel definition portions. The panel body 10 further includes a light-emitting layer, the light-emitting layer includes a plurality of light-emitting portions. The light-emitting portion is located in the pixel opening. The pixel opening exposes a portion of the anode and covers the edge of the anode. The light-emitting portion may include a red pixel unit, a green pixel unit, and a blue pixel unit.

[0070] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes a cathode layer, which covers the light-emitting layer. In the direction from the anode to the cathode layer, the light-emitting layer includes a hole-type organic layer, a light-emitting material layer, and an electronic organic layer which are stacked in sequence. The hole-type organic layer may include a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the hole injection layer is in direct contact with the anode, and the hole transport layer is located between the hole injection layer and the light-emitting material layer. The hole-type organic layer may also include an electron blocking layer located between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting material layer. The electronic organic layer may include an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer, the electron injection layer is in direct contact with the cathode layer, and the electron transport layer is located between the electron injection layer and the light-emitting material layer. The electronic organic layer may also include a hole blocking layer located between the electron transport layer and the light-emitting layer.

[0071] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes an encapsulation layer located on a side of the cathode layer away from the light-emitting layer. The encapsulation layer is formed by alternating a plurality of inorganic film layers and organic film layers. For example, along the direction from the substrate to the thin film transistor layer, the encapsulation layer includes a first inorganic encapsulation sublayer, a first organic encapsulation sublayer, and a second inorganic encapsulation sublayer.

[0072] In some embodiments, the touch layer 61 may be disposed on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the light-emitting layer. The touch layer 61 may implement the touch function in a self-capacitive touch or a mutual-capacitive touch. When the touch layer 61 implements the touch function in a self-capacitive touch, the touch layer 61 may have only one touch metal layer.

[0073] When the touch layer 61 implements the touch function in a mutual capacitive touch mode, the touch layer 61 includes a first touch metal layer, a touch insulating layer and a second touch metal layer, wherein the touch insulating layer is located on a side of the first touch metal layer away from the encapsulation layer, and the second touch metal layer is located on a side of the touch insulating layer away from the encapsulation layer. The first touch metal layer can be directly disposed on the encapsulation layer, or a covering layer is further disposed between the first touch layer and the encapsulation layer, and the covering layer may include an inorganic covering layer and / or an organic covering layer. The first touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode, a second touch electrode and a first bridge wire, the second touch metal layer includes a second bridge wire, and the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are both metal networks; or the second touch metal layer includes a first touch electrode, a second touch electrode and a first bridge wire, and the first touch metal layer includes a second bridge wire.

[0074] Furthermore, the spacer layer 20 is disposed on a side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10 , and a plurality of openings 201 are formed in the spacer layer 20 , and the depth of the openings 201 is equal to the thickness of the spacer layer 20 , that is, the openings 201 penetrate the spacer layer 20 .

[0075] In some implementations, the plurality of openings 201 are spaced apart, and the plurality of openings 201 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions. Preferably, one opening 201 and one light-emitting portion are arranged in alignment along the thickness direction of the panel body 10, and the orthographic projection area of ​​the opening 201 on the panel body 10 is larger than the area of ​​the light-emitting portion corresponding thereto.

[0076] In the implementation of the present application, the first refractive index layer 30 covers the spacer layer 20, and the first refractive index layer 30 covers the sidewalls and bottoms of the plurality of openings 201; specifically, the first refractive index layer 30 may include a first sub-portion 31 covering the sidewalls of the openings 201 and a second sub-portion 32 covering the bottoms of the openings 201. The second refractive index layer 40 covers one side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20 and fills the plurality of openings 201, that is, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first sub-portion 31 and the second sub-portion 32 in the openings 201. The first sub-portion 31 forms an inclined surface at the sidewall of the opening 201, and the second refractive index layer 40 covers the inclined surface to form a high and low refractive index total reflection surface at the sidewall of the opening 201, thereby reflecting the light emitted from the light emitting portion to the sidewall of the opening 201, so as to adjust the light emission path so that the light is biased toward the forward light emission, thereby effectively improving the forward light emission efficiency of the display module and reducing the power consumption of the display module.

[0077] In some embodiments, the angle a between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°. For example, the angle a between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 can be 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 95°, 96°, 97°, 98°, 99°, 100°, 101°, 102°, 103°, 104°, 105°, 106°, 107°, 108°, 109°, 110°, 111°, 112°, 113°, 114° or 115°, etc.; when the angle between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 is within the above range, the light output path can be effectively adjusted so that the light output of the light-emitting section is more inclined to the forward direction, thereby effectively improving the light output efficiency of the display module.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first sub-portion 31 has a uniform film thickness at different positions, the second sub-portion 32 has a uniform film thickness at different positions, and further, the first refractive index layer 30 has a uniform film thickness at different positions.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, if the step difference of a film layer at various locations is within 10% of the film thickness, the film layer thickness at different locations can be regarded as being uniform.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 The material of the first refractive index layer 30 includes thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber; it should be noted that the first refractive index layer 30 can be formed by the adhesive layer remaining when the protective layer attached to the spacer layer 20 during the manufacturing process is removed.

[0081] The display module includes a sensor placement area 102 and a display area 101 adjacent to the sensor placement area 102, the display module includes a light-transmitting opening 110 arranged in the sensor placement area 102, the first refractive index layer 30 is at least arranged in the display area 101, and the spacer layer 20 is arranged in the display area 101 and not in the sensor placement area 102.

[0082] Among them, the display module may also include a sensor corresponding to the sensor placement area 102, which is arranged on the side of the panel body 10 away from the touch layer 61, such as a camera and other devices, and at least part of the film layer corresponding to the sensor placement area 102 in the device layers such as the panel body 10 and the touch layer 61 can be removed to form a light-transmitting opening 110, thereby improving the transmittance of the sensor placement area 102 and improving the photosensitivity of the sensor. Since the spacer layer 20 is made of a light-shielding material, the spacer layer 20 is arranged outside the sensor placement area 102 to prevent the spacer layer 20 from affecting the photosensitivity of the sensor.

[0083] Furthermore, the first refractive index layer 30 is also arranged in the sensor placement area 102 and covers the side wall and the bottom of the light-transmitting opening 110. The display module also includes a filling portion 70 arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the panel body 10 and located in the sensor placement area 102. The filling portion 70 is filled in the light-transmitting opening 110. The material of the filling portion 70 includes at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0084] It should be noted that the second refractive index layer 40 is arranged in the display area 101 and is located on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the panel body 10, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush with the surface of the filling part 70 away from the first refractive index layer 30; thereby, the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, the flatness of the film layer is effectively improved, and the yield of the subsequent film layer is improved.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 The difference between the illustrated embodiments is that the first refractive index layer 30 is only arranged in the display area 101, that is, in the display area 101, the side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10 is provided with the stacked first refractive index layer 30 and the second refractive index layer 40, and in the sensor placement area 102, the side of the panel body 10 provided with the spacer layer 20 is provided with the filling portion 70, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush with the surface of the filling portion 70 away from the first refractive index layer 30; thereby, the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, the flatness of the film layer is effectively improved, and the yield of the subsequent film layer is improved.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 , and Figure 3The difference between the illustrated embodiments is that the display module does not include a filling portion, and the second refractive index layer 40 is disposed in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102, the second refractive index layer 40 fills the plurality of openings 201 and the light-transmitting openings 110, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102; thereby, the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, thereby effectively improving the flatness of the film layer and improving the yield of subsequent film layers.

[0087] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 The first refractive index layer 30 can be formed by first forming a film and then patterning, and the first refractive index layer 30 located in the display area 101 covers the side wall and the bottom of the opening 201, and the first refractive index layer 30 located in the sensor placement area 102 fills the light-transmitting opening 110; the second refractive index layer 40 is located in the display area 101 and fills a plurality of the openings 201.

[0088] Optionally, the material of the first refractive index layer 30 may include at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0089] The side of the first refractive index layer 30 in the sensor placement area 102 away from the panel body 10 is flush with the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the panel body 10, thereby eliminating the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102, effectively improving the flatness of the film layer and improving the yield of subsequent film layers.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the first refractive index layer 30 can be formed by first forming a film and then patterning, the first refractive index layer 30 covers the side walls and bottoms of the plurality of first openings 201, and the side walls and bottoms of the light-transmitting openings 110, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30, and fills the plurality of openings 201 and the light-transmitting openings 110; the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102; thereby, the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, thereby effectively improving the flatness of the film layer and improving the yield of subsequent film layers.

[0091] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the material of the second refractive index layer 40 may include at least one of polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyurethane.

[0092] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first refractive index layer 30 may be greater than or equal to 7 microns and less than or equal to 12 microns. For example, the thickness of the first refractive index layer 30 may be 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, 11 microns or 12 microns, etc.; the thickness of the second refractive index layer 40 may be greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns. For example, the thickness of the second refractive index layer 40 may be 5 microns, 6 microns, 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, 11 microns, 12 microns, 13 microns, 14 microns, 15 microns, 16 microns, 17 microns, 18 microns, 19 microns or 20 microns, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30 is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52. For example, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30 may be 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51 or 1.52, etc.; the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.7. For example, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 may be 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, 1.6, 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, 1.65, 1.66, 1.67, 1.68, 1.67 or 1.7, etc.

[0094] In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30 and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than or equal to 0.08.

[0095] In some embodiments, the material of the spacer layer 20 includes a shading material, for example, the material of the spacer layer 20 may include a black matrix material; further, the display module also includes a light adjustment layer 50 arranged on the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30, and dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer 50; it can be understood that by arranging dye molecules in the light adjustment layer 50, the light adjustment layer 50 can have a high transmittance to light of a preset wavelength, and thus can play the role of a color block, and in combination with the spacer layer 20 with a shading effect, it can play the role of a depolarizer and anti-reflection.

[0096] In some embodiments, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in other wavelength bands is less than 45%; that is, the embodiments of the present application have a higher transmittance for red, green and blue light, which can effectively improve the light output efficiency of the display module.

[0097] In some embodiments, the transmittance of the light-adjusting layer 50 to the full-band light is greater than or equal to 55%.

[0098] In some embodiments, the thickness of the light adjustment layer 50 may be greater than or equal to 23 microns and less than or equal to 75 microns. For example, the thickness of the light adjustment layer 50 may be 23 microns, 30 microns, 35 microns, 40 microns, 45 microns, 50 microns, 55 microns, 60 microns, 65 microns, 70 microns or 75 microns, etc. The light adjustment layer 50 may include a substrate and dye molecules distributed in the substrate. The material of the substrate may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acrylic, and cycloolefin polymer (COP).

[0099] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application are relative to Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resists, and since the red, green and blue color resists need at least three mask processes to be formed, the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 by a bonding process, which can effectively save process steps and reduce process costs; in addition, the embodiment of the present application also uses the side wall of the opening 201 of the spacer layer 20 to form a high and low refractive index reflective surface, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, and there is no need to open a groove in the first refractive index layer 30 and make the second refractive index layer 40 Covering the grooves to form reflective surfaces with high and low refractive indices further saves process steps and reduces process costs. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the spacer layer 20 can be used to form reflective surfaces with high and low refractive indices on the one hand, and can also be used to cooperate with the light adjustment layer 50 on the other hand to play the role of anti-reflection and depolarizer. The present application realizes the depolarizer technology and the microlens technology at the same time through the setting of the spacer layer 20, that is, it realizes the functions of reducing the thickness of the display module and reducing reflection, and also improves the forward light output efficiency of the display module, reduces the power consumption of the display module, and can save process steps and reduce process costs.

[0100] In some embodiments, the second refractive index layer 40 fills the plurality of openings 201 , and a surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is a plane, thereby improving the bonding yield between the light adjustment layer 50 and the second refractive index layer 40 .

[0101] It should be noted that the spacer layer 20 is made of shading material, which has a light-absorbing effect and reduces the light extraction efficiency. Therefore, the spacer layer 20 is not suitable for being directly used as a low-refractive index layer to cooperate with the high-refractive index layer to form a high- and low-refractive index reflective surface. In the embodiment of the present application, by forming the first refractive index layer 30 with a low refractive index on the spacer layer 20, it is possible to realize a high- and low-refractive index reflective surface and reduce the influence of the light-absorbing effect of the spacer layer 20 on the high- and low-refractive index reflective surface.

[0102] Furthermore, in practical applications, the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used with the structure of the spacing layer 20 and below. Figure 1 The structure of the black matrix layer 2 and below in the display panel shown is the same, so the same set of production equipment can be used to produce the spacing layer 20 and below, which can reduce the improvement of the production line, further reduce the production cost, and effectively improve the light output efficiency and actual effect of the display module.

[0103] In addition, the display module further includes a cover plate 63 disposed on the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 . The cover plate 63 may be attached to the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 via an adhesive layer 62 .

[0104] In some embodiments, the light adjustment layer 50 is disposed on a surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30. Figure 2 shown.

[0105] In some embodiments, the light adjustment layer 50 is disposed on the surface of the cover plate 63 close to the second refractive index layer 40. Figure 6 shown.

[0106] In some embodiments, the light adjustment layer 50 is disposed on a surface of the cover plate 63 away from the second refractive index layer 40. Figure 7 shown.

[0107] Furthermore, the present application provides comparative examples and embodiments 1 to 3 to verify the improvement of light extraction efficiency of the light adjustment layer 50 at different positions.

[0108] Among them, the comparative example can be Figure 1 The panel structure shown in Example 1 can be Figure 2 The display module structure shown in the embodiment 2 can be Figure 6 The display module structure shown in the embodiment 3 can be Figure 7 The display module structure shown in the figure, and in Examples 1 to 3, except that the transmittance and position of the light adjustment layer 50 for each wavelength band are different, the other structures of the display module are the same, and the specific parameters and the improvement of light extraction efficiency are shown in Table 1 below.

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111] It can be seen from Table 1 that the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency, and the closer the light adjustment layer 50 is to the second refractive index layer 40, and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the light adjustment layer 50 is closest to the second refractive index layer 40 , and thus can selectively transmit more light, and the light extraction efficiency of the display module is higher.

[0112] Furthermore, the present embodiment also verifies the improvement of light extraction efficiency by the microlens structure formed by the spacer layer 20, the first refractive index layer 30 and the second refractive index layer 40, and provides comparative examples and Examples 4 to 7, wherein the comparative example is Figure 1 The structure shown in Example 4 to Example 7 is Figure 2 The structure of the display module shown, and the specific parameters and light output efficiency improvement are shown in Table 2 below.

[0113] Table 2

[0114]

[0115] It can be seen from Table 2 that the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module by forming a total reflection surface with high and low refractive indices through the cooperation of the spacer layer 20, the first refractive index layer 30 and the second refractive index layer 40.

[0116] In summary, the embodiments of the present application are relatively Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resists, and since the red, green and blue color resists need at least three mask processes to be formed, the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 by a bonding process, which can effectively save process steps and reduce process costs; in addition, the embodiment of the present application also uses the side wall of the opening 201 of the spacer layer 20 to form a high and low refractive index reflective surface, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, and there is no need to open a groove in the first refractive index layer 30 and make the second refractive index layer 40 Covering the grooves to form reflective surfaces with high and low refractive indices further saves process steps and reduces process costs. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the spacer layer 20 can be used to form reflective surfaces with high and low refractive indices on the one hand, and can also be used to cooperate with the light adjustment layer 50 on the other hand to play the role of anti-reflection and depolarizer. The present application realizes the depolarizer technology and the microlens technology at the same time through the setting of the spacer layer 20, that is, it realizes the functions of reducing the thickness of the display module and reducing reflection, and also improves the forward light output efficiency of the display module, reduces the power consumption of the display module, and can save process steps and reduce process costs.

[0117] In addition, please combine Figure 2 , Figure 8 ,as well as Figures 9 to 13 The present application also provides a method for manufacturing a display module, and the method for manufacturing a display module comprises the following steps:

[0118] S10, providing a panel body 10, wherein the panel body 10 includes a plurality of light-emitting parts.

[0119] S20 , forming a spacer layer 20 on one side of the panel body 10 , wherein a plurality of openings 201 corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions are formed in the spacer layer 20 , and the material of the spacer layer 20 includes a light-shielding material.

[0120] S30 , forming a first refractive index layer 30 on a side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10 , wherein the first refractive index layer 30 covers side walls and bottoms of the plurality of openings 201 .

[0121] S40, forming a second refractive index layer 40 on a side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20, wherein the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the plurality of openings 201, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30.

[0122] In step S10 , the panel body 10 is provided, and a touch layer 61 is formed on the light emitting side of the panel body 10 .

[0123] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 includes a light emitting layer, which includes a plurality of light emitting portions. The light emitting portions are located in the pixel openings of the pixel definition layer, and the light emitting portions may include red pixel units, green pixel units, and blue pixel units.

[0124] In step S20, a light shielding material layer is formed on a side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10. The material of the light shielding material layer may include a black matrix material.

[0125] Next, the light shielding material layer is patterned to form the spacer layer 20 having a plurality of openings 201, such as Fig. 9 As shown; wherein, the plurality of openings 201 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light-emitting portions.

[0126] In step S30, a protective layer 641 is attached to a side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10, and the protective layer 641 is attached to the spacer layer 20 via an adhesive layer 642, and the adhesive layer 642 at least covers the side wall and the bottom of the opening 201. Fig.10 shown.

[0127] It should be noted that, in the manufacturing process, after the spacer layer 20 is formed, the display module needs to be transferred and other operations. Therefore, a protective layer 641 needs to be attached to the spacer layer 20 to protect the film layer formed on the display module.

[0128] Then, the protective layer 641 is removed, and the adhesive layer 642 remaining on the sidewall and bottom of the opening 201 forms the first refractive index layer 30. Fig.11 shown.

[0129] It should be noted that in order to form the first refractive index layer 30 with better coverage, after the protective layer 641 is attached, the protective layer 641 can be pressed or other operations can be performed to make the adhesive layer 642 better adhere to the side walls and bottom of the opening 201, and then after the protective layer 641 is torn off, more adhesive layer 642 remains and has better coverage.

[0130] As described above, the embodiment of the present application uses the residual adhesive layer of the adhesive layer 642 as the first refractive index layer 30, which can form a reflective surface with high and low refractive indices on the sidewall of the opening 201 on the one hand, and can reduce the number of masks and reduce the process cost on the other hand.

[0131] In other embodiments of the present application, a low refractive index material may be deposited on a side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10 to form a film, and then etched corresponding to the opening 201 to form the first refractive index layer 30 .

[0132] Further, in step S40, a second refractive index layer 40 is formed on a side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the plurality of openings 201; and a side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is a flat surface, such as Fig.12 shown.

[0133] In step S50, the light adjustment layer 50 is attached to the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30, such as Fig.13 As shown, dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer 50.

[0134] The transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer 50 for light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%, thereby providing a higher transmittance for red, green and blue light to replace the role of red, green and blue color resistance.

[0135] Next, a cover plate 63 is attached to a side of the light adjustment layer 50 away from the second refractive index layer 40 , and the cover plate 63 can be attached to the light adjustment layer 50 via the adhesive layer 62 .

[0136] In summary, the embodiments of the present application are relatively Figure 1For the embodiment shown, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resists, and since the red, green and blue color resists need at least three mask processes to form, the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 by a bonding process, which can effectively save process steps and reduce process costs; in addition, the embodiment of the present application also uses the side wall of the opening 201 of the spacer layer 20 to form a high and low refractive index reflective surface, which can effectively improve the light output efficiency of the display module, and there is no need to open a groove in the first refractive index layer 30 and make the second refractive index layer 40 cover the groove to form a high and low refractive index reflective surface, which further saves process steps and reduces process costs. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the spacer layer 20 can be used to form reflective surfaces with high and low refractive indices on the one hand, and can also be used in conjunction with the light adjustment layer 50 to play the role of anti-reflection and depolarizer. The present application realizes the depolarizer technology and the microlens technology at the same time through the setting of the spacer layer 20, that is, it realizes the function of reducing the thickness of the display module and reducing reflection, and also improves the forward light output efficiency of the display module, reduces the power consumption of the display module, and can save process steps and reduce process costs. In addition, the first refractive index layer 30 in the embodiment of the present application can be formed by the adhesive layer 642 remaining from the attachment of the protective layer 641, without the need for additional processes, further reducing process costs.

[0137] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, which includes the display module, or a display module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the display module.

[0138] It can be understood that the display device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the display module described in the above embodiment. Therefore, the display device has the same beneficial effects as the display module, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0140] The above is a detailed introduction to a display module and its manufacturing method, and a display device provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: include: A panel body, the panel body comprising a plurality of light-emitting parts; A spacer layer is arranged on one side of the panel body; A first refractive index layer is disposed on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body; A second refractive index layer is disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer; A light adjustment layer is disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, wherein dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer to selectively transmit light; Among them, the spacer layer is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting parts, the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the spacer layer includes a light-shielding material.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%.

3. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer.

4. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module further includes a cover plate disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer; The light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate close to the second refractive index layer; Alternatively, the light adjustment layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate away from the second refractive index layer.

5. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first refractive index layer includes a first sub-portion covering the side wall of the opening and a second sub-portion covering the bottom of the opening, and an angle between the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°.

6. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The film thickness of the first sub-portion at different positions is uniform.

7. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The film thickness of the second sub-section at different positions is uniform.

8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first refractive index layer includes thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The display module includes a sensor placement area and a display area adjacent to the sensor placement area. The display module includes a light-transmitting opening arranged in the sensor placement area. The first refractive index layer is at least arranged in the display area. The spacer layer is arranged in the display area and not in the sensor placement area.

10. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first refractive index layer is also arranged in the sensor placement area and covers the side wall and the bottom of the light-transmitting opening, and the display module further comprises a filling portion arranged on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the panel body and located in the sensor placement area, and the filling portion fills the light-transmitting opening; The material of the filling part includes at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

11. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second refractive index layer is disposed in the display area and the sensor placement area, and the second refractive index layer fills the plurality of openings and the light-transmitting openings.

12. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first refractive index layer includes at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

13. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractive index of the first refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.

7.

14. The display module according to claim 1 or 13, characterized in that: A difference between a refractive index of the first refractive index layer and a refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.

08.

15. A method for manufacturing a display module, characterized in that: include: Providing a panel body, the panel body comprising a plurality of light-emitting portions; A spacer layer is formed on one side of the panel body, wherein a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions are formed in the spacer layer, and a material of the spacer layer includes a light-shielding material; forming a first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, wherein the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and bottoms of the plurality of openings; forming a second refractive index layer on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the second refractive index layer covering the first refractive index layer and filling the plurality of openings, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer being greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer; A light adjustment layer is formed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, and dye molecules are distributed in the light adjustment layer to selectively transmit light.

16. The method for manufacturing a display module according to claim 15, characterized in that: The step of forming a spacer layer on one side of the panel body comprises: forming a light shielding material layer on one side of the panel body; The light shielding material layer is patterned to form the spacer layer having a plurality of openings.

17. The method for manufacturing a display module according to claim 15, characterized in that: The step of forming a first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body comprises: A protective layer is attached to a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, and the protective layer is attached to the spacer layer via an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer at least covers the side wall and the bottom of the opening; The protective layer is removed, and the adhesive layer remaining on the sidewall and bottom of the opening forms the first refractive index layer.

18. The method for manufacturing a display module according to claim 15, characterized in that: The transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm is greater than or equal to 65%, the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm is greater than or equal to 60%, and the transmittance of the light adjustment layer to light in the wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm is greater than or equal to 80%.

19. A display device, characterized in that: The display device comprises the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or a display module manufactured by the method for manufacturing a display module according to any one of claims 15 to 18.

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