An automated microplastic separation device

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic microplastic separation device, mainly relating to the field of microplastic separation technology. It includes a feeding box, with a first screening seat and a second screening seat below the feeding box. A filter screen is slidably mounted on both the first and second screening seats. A receiving pool is located inside a cylindrical shell, containing a first filter plate and a second filter plate. A grinding assembly is located above both the first and second filter plates. A water storage tank is located inside the cylindrical shell, connected to a water spray pipe positioned above the first filter plate. A return water pipe is also located above the first filter plate. This invention can separate microplastics from water and soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microplastic separation technology, and more specifically to an automatic microplastic separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic products are used in farmland for mulching or scaffolding. When these plastics are removed, some remain in the soil, gradually turning into microplastics—fragments, fibers, and particles smaller than 5mm. Rainwater washes these plastics into nearby water bodies. These microplastics release harmful substances in water or soil under high temperatures, impacting local life, disrupting the food chain, and potentially harming crops. Therefore, when sampling water or soil in an area, it is crucial to separate microplastics from the water and soil. Conventional sampling methods only allow for soil excavation or water filtration; these methods cannot be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, current sampling methods only offer simple filtration, which is insufficient for separating and obtaining even smaller microplastics from water and soil. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an automatic microplastic separation device that can simultaneously separate microplastics from soil and water.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an automatic microplastic separation device, comprising a top feeding box, a first screening seat and a second screening seat sequentially vibrating below the feeding box, each with a slidably mounted filter screen, the feeding box being fixedly mounted on a bottom cylindrical shell, a receiving pool inside the cylindrical shell, a first filter plate detachably mounted inside the cylindrical shell, a second filter plate detachably mounted below the first filter plate, a grinding assembly above both the first and second filter plates, a water storage tank at the bottom of the cylindrical shell, two water spray pipes connected to the water storage tank, the ends of the water spray pipes positioned above the first filter plate, and a return water pipe on the receiving pool, the end of the return water pipe positioned above the first filter plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a screening motor is fixedly installed on the first screening seat, the output shaft of the screening motor is fixedly connected to the camshaft, and a slanted connecting rod is hinged on the camshaft. The slanted connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second screening seat. The first screening seat is provided with two upper vibrating spring plates that are rotatably connected to the feeding box. The second screening seat is rotatably connected to the first screening seat by two lower vibrating spring plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter holes of the filter screen on the first screening seat are larger than those of the filter screen on the second screening seat, resulting in greater friction between the filter screen and the second screening seat, and greater friction between the filter screen and the first screening seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the first filter plate includes a filter screen, which is mounted on an annular frame. The annular frame has an arc-shaped protrusion with a groove. The first filter plate and the second filter plate have the same structure, but the aperture of the second filter plate is smaller than that of the first filter plate. The cylindrical shell is provided with an upper annular groove and a lower annular groove, and the feeding box has rectangular frames on both sides.

[0010] Furthermore, both grinding components are driven by a power screw. The grinding component includes a grinding brush, which is fixedly mounted on a grinding rod. The grinding rod is fixedly mounted on a pinion. A large gear meshes with one side of the pinion. The large gear is rotatably mounted on a reversing linkage and meshes with a gear ring, which is fixedly mounted on a cylindrical shell. The reversing linkage in the grinding component above the first filter plate is rotatably mounted on the upper triangular plate, and the reversing linkage in the grinding component above the second filter plate is rotatably mounted on the lower triangular plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the reversing linkages in the two grinding assemblies are each connected to the power screw via a set of belt assemblies.

[0012] Furthermore, the water storage tank is equipped with an inlet pipe, and the container pool is equipped with an outlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, each spray pipe is equipped with a spray pump between itself and the water storage tank; a return water pump is also installed between the return water pipe and the receiving pool.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. This invention is equipped with a feeding box and crossbar, which can break up the soil for easier subsequent processing. This invention is equipped with a first screening seat and a second screening seat, each with a slidable filter screen, an upper vibrating spring plate, a lower vibrating spring plate, a screening motor, and an inclined connecting rod, so that the two filter screens vibrate and gradually separate small microplastics in the soil. 2. The second screening seat of this invention is equipped with a detachable first filter plate and a second filter plate below it, as well as a water storage tank, a receiving pool, and a water spray pipe. The water storage tank can collect and store the water to be treated, and then spray it above the first filter plate, simultaneously filtering microplastics in the water and soil, achieving the purpose of separating microplastics at the same time. 3. The first filter plate and the second filter plate can sequentially screen out even smaller microplastics and separate them. The receiving pool is also equipped with a return water pipe, which can further separate microplastics in the water, making the separation more thorough. 4. The first filter plate and the second filter plate of this invention are both equipped with grinding components, which can crush the soil and, after mixing with water, expose the microplastics, making it easier to separate microplastics from the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial first-angle schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a partial second-angle schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical shell of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a partial third-angle schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a partial fourth-angle schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Sectional view at point AA.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second filter plate of the present invention at a first angle.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the second filter plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the filter screen of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1-Separation mechanism; 101-Feeding box; 102-Fan; 103-Upper support plate; 104-Main screw; 105-Lower support plate; 106-Main motor; 107-Cylindrical shell; 108-Water spray pipe; 109-Water spray pump; 110-Water outlet pipe; 111-Water inlet pipe; 112-Return water pump; 113-Return water pipe; 114-Screwing motor; 115-Camshaft; 116-First screening seat; 117-Second screening seat; 118-Lower vibrating spring plate; 119-Diagonal connecting rod; 12 0-Upper vibrating spring plate; 121-Round rod; 122-Upper triangular plate; 123-Lower triangular plate; 124-Upper annular groove; 125-Lower annular groove; 126-Large gear; 127-Reversing connecting rod; 128-Small gear; 129-Grinding rod; 130-Grinding brush; 131-Gear ring; 132-First filter plate; 133-First pulley; 134-Transmission belt; 135-Second pulley; 136-Containing pool; 137-Water storage tank; 138-Second filter plate; 139-Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The invention is explained through illustrative embodiments and descriptions, but is not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] Example: Figures 1-11 The microplastic automatic separation device shown includes a separation mechanism 1, which includes a top feeding box 101. The feeding box 101 is fixedly installed on a bottom cylindrical shell 107 using a support plate. The feeding box 101 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid. Multiple layers of horizontal bars are arranged from top to bottom inside the feeding box 101. Each layer of horizontal bars includes multiple horizontally spaced round bars 121, which are used to break up the soil.

[0029] An upper support plate 103 and a lower support plate 105 are fixedly installed on a cylindrical shell 107. A fan 102 is fixedly installed on the upper support plate 103. The fan 102 is used to blow air onto the first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138 to dry the first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138 to obtain dry microplastics.

[0030] A screening motor 114 is fixedly installed on the first screening seat 116. The output shaft of the screening motor 114 is fixedly connected to the camshaft 115. A diagonal connecting rod 119 is hinged to the camshaft 115. The diagonal connecting rod 119 is rotatably connected to the second screening seat 117. Two upper vibrating spring plates 120 are provided on the first screening seat 116 and rotatably connected to the feeding box 101. The two upper vibrating spring plates 120 are arranged one in front of the other. One end of the two upper vibrating spring plates 120 is hinged to the first screening seat 116, and the other end is hinged to the feeding box 101. The second screening seat 117 is rotatably connected to the first screening seat 116 by two lower vibrating spring plates 118. The two lower vibrating spring plates 118 are arranged one in front of the other. One end of each of the two lower vibrating spring plates 118 is rotatably connected to the first screening seat 116, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second screening seat 117.

[0031] A filter screen 139 is slidably installed on both the first screening seat 116 and the second screening seat 117. The filter screen 139 is specifically composed of a filter screen and a surrounding barrier around the filter screen, and the barrier is also equipped with a handle.

[0032] The filter holes of the filter screen 139 on the first screening seat 116 are larger than those of the filter screen 139 on the second screening seat 117. The friction between the first screening seat 116, the second screening seat 117 and the filter screen 139 is large, so they will not automatically detach when vibrating. The support plates on both sides of the feeding box 101 are provided with rectangular frames, which are reserved spaces so that the filter screen 139 can be manually removed.

[0033] The camshaft 115 consists of a shaft and a cam at the front end of the shaft.

[0034] A first filter plate 132 and a second filter plate 138 are detachably installed inside the cylindrical shell 107. The first filter plate 132 includes a filter screen, which is mounted on an annular frame. The annular frame has an arc-shaped protrusion for locking onto the cylindrical shell 107. The arc-shaped protrusion has a groove for easy removal of the first filter plate 132. The first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138 have the same structure, but the aperture of the second filter plate 138 is smaller than that of the first filter plate 132. The cylindrical shell 107 is provided with an upper annular groove 124 and a lower annular groove 125. The upper annular groove 124 is used to install the first filter plate 132, and the lower annular groove 125 is used to install the second filter plate 138.

[0035] A grinding assembly is provided above both the first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138. The grinding assembly includes a grinding brush 130, which is fixedly mounted on a grinding rod 129. The grinding rod 129 is fixedly mounted on a pinion 128, which is rotatably mounted on a reversing linkage 127. A large gear 126 meshes with one side of the pinion 128, which is rotatably mounted on the reversing linkage 127. The large gear 126 meshes with a gear ring 131, which is fixedly mounted on a cylindrical shell 107.

[0036] The reversing link 127 in the grinding assembly above the first filter plate 132 is rotatably mounted on the upper triangular plate 122, and the reversing link 127 in the grinding assembly above the second filter plate 138 is rotatably mounted on the lower triangular plate 123. Both the upper triangular plate 122 and the lower triangular plate 123 are fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shell 107.

[0037] The reversing linkages 127 in the two grinding assemblies are respectively connected to the power screw via a set of belt assemblies. The belt assembly connected to the first filter plate 132 is located on the upper support plate 103, and the belt assembly connected to the second filter plate 138 is located on the lower support plate 105. The power screw includes a main motor 106, which is fixedly mounted on a cylindrical shell 107. The output shaft of the main motor 106 is fixedly connected to the main screw 104, which is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical shell 107. The main screw 104 is also rotatably mounted on both the upper support plate 103 and the lower support plate 105.

[0038] The belt assembly includes a first pulley 133, which is fixedly mounted on the main lead screw 104, and a second pulley 135, which is fixedly mounted on their respective reversing links 127. A transmission belt 134 is fitted onto the first pulley 133 and the second pulley 135, and the first pulley 133, the second pulley 135 and the transmission belt 134 form a belt drive.

[0039] The cylindrical shell 107 contains a receiving pool 136, and the bottom of the cylindrical shell 107 contains a water storage tank 137. Two water spray pipes 108 are connected to the water storage tank 137, and the ends of the water spray pipes 108 are located above the first filter plate 132. The receiving pool 136 is provided with a return water pipe 113, and the end of the return water pipe 113 is located above the first filter plate 132. The water storage tank 137 is provided with an inlet water pipe 111, which is used to input water into the water storage tank 137. The inlet water pipe 111 is provided with a valve. The receiving pool 136 is provided with an outlet water pipe 110, which is used to discharge the water in the receiving pool 136. The outlet water pipe 110 is provided with a valve.

[0040] Each water spray pipe 108 is equipped with a water spray pump 109 between its front end and the water storage tank 137; and a return water pump 112 is equipped between its front end and the receiving pool 136.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Water to be treated is discharged from the inlet pipe 111 into the storage tank 137 for later use. Then, soil is poured into the feeding box 101. The crossbar of the feeding box 101 breaks up the soil, which then enters the first screening seat 116. The screening motor 114 is started, which drives the camshaft 115 to rotate. Under the action of the inclined connecting rod 119, the second screening seat 117 is pushed to rotate. Under the action of the lower vibrating spring plate 118 and the upper vibrating spring plate 120, the first screening seat 116 and the second screening seat 117 are finally vibrated. Impurities of different sizes in the soil are coarsely separated under the two layers of screens. Small soil layers and microplastics fall onto the first filter plate 132, while large microplastic particles are left on the filter screens 139 of the first screening seat 116 and the second screening seat 117, respectively.

[0042] The water pump 109 is started, and the water to be treated is pumped through the water pipe 108 to the first filter plate 132. The soil and plastic impurities on the plate are turned into mud under the action of the water spray. At this time, the main motor 106 is started, and the main motor 106 drives the main screw 104 to rotate. Under the action of the belt assembly, the reversing linkage 127 rotates. The reversing linkage 127 drives the large gear 126 to mesh with the gear ring 131, thereby driving the small gear 128 to rotate. The small gear 128 finally drives the grinding brush 130 to rotate. The grinding brush 130 spreads the wet mud evenly, so that the mud and the substances in the mud can be filtered from the first filter plate 132. Smaller plastic particles will be left on the first filter plate 132.

[0043] At this time, the grinding brush 130 on the second filter plate 138 also works. The material filtered by the first filter plate 132 falls down onto the second filter plate 138 and is filtered again. Smaller microplastic impurities are blocked on the second filter plate 138, and the remaining cement mixture falls into the receiving tank 136. At this time, the cement mixture in the receiving tank 136 can be discharged, or the return water pump 112 can pump water back to the first filter plate 132 for the next filtration, and then filter again.

[0044] The granular plastic particles remaining on the first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138 will be dried by the fan 102, and then the first filter plate 132 and the second filter plate 138 will be extracted to obtain microplastics. During the above process, the material inside the filter screen 139 can also be extracted for processing.

[0045] Any aspects not covered in this invention are applicable to existing technologies.

Claims

1. An automatic microplastic separation device, characterized in that, The system includes a top feeding box (101), below which a first screening seat (116) and a second screening seat (117) are sequentially vibrating. A filter screen (139) is slidably mounted on both the first screening seat (116) and the second screening seat (117). The feeding box (101) is fixedly mounted on a bottom cylindrical shell (107). A receiving pool (136) is provided inside the cylindrical shell (107). A first filter plate (132) is detachably installed inside the cylindrical shell (107). 2) A second filter plate (138) is detachably installed below it. A grinding assembly is provided above both the first filter plate (132) and the second filter plate (138). A water storage tank (137) is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical shell (107). Two water spray pipes (108) are connected to the water storage tank (137). The end of the water spray pipe (108) is located above the first filter plate (132). A return water pipe (113) is provided on the receiving pool (136). The end of the return water pipe (113) is located above the first filter plate (132). A screening motor (114) is fixedly installed on the first screening seat (116). The output shaft of the screening motor (114) is fixedly connected to the camshaft (115). A slanted connecting rod (119) is hinged on the camshaft (115). The slanted connecting rod (119) is rotatably connected to the second screening seat (117). Two upper vibrating spring plates (120) are provided on the first screening seat (116) and rotatably connected to the feeding box (101). The second screening seat (117) is rotatably connected to the first screening seat (116) by two lower vibrating spring plates (118). The filter holes of the filter screen (139) on the first screening seat (116) are larger than those of the filter screen (139) on the second screening seat (117). The friction between the filter screen (139) and the second screening seat (117) is greater, and the friction between the filter screen (139) and the first screening seat (116) is also greater. The first filter plate (132) includes a filter screen, which is mounted on an annular frame. The annular frame has an arc-shaped protrusion with a groove. The first filter plate (132) and the second filter plate (138) have the same structure. The aperture of the second filter plate (138) is smaller than that of the first filter plate (132). The cylindrical shell (107) is provided with an upper annular groove (124) and a lower annular groove (125). The feeding box (101) has rectangular frames on both sides. Both grinding components are driven by a power screw. The grinding components include a grinding brush (130), which is fixedly mounted on a grinding rod (129). The grinding rod (129) is fixedly mounted on a small gear (128). A large gear (126) meshes with one side of the small gear (128). The large gear (126) is rotatably mounted on a reversing linkage (127). The large gear (126) meshes with a gear ring (131), which is fixedly mounted on a cylindrical shell (107). The reversing linkage (127) in the grinding component above the first filter plate (132) is rotatably mounted on the upper triangular plate (122), and the reversing linkage (127) in the grinding component above the second filter plate (138) is rotatably mounted on the lower triangular plate (123). The reversing linkage (127) in the two grinding assemblies is connected to the power screw by a belt assembly.

2. The automatic microplastic separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (137) is provided with an inlet pipe (111), and the container pool (136) is provided with an outlet pipe (110).

3. The automatic microplastic separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each water spray pipe (108) is connected to a water storage tank (137) by a water spray pump (109); and a return water pipe (113) is connected to a receiving pool (136) by a return water pump (112).

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