Device and method for preparing non-burned artificial aggregate by using iron tailings mud

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for preparing baking-free artificial aggregate by using iron tailings, and belongs to the technical field of artificial aggregate preparation. The device comprises a sedimentation tank, a spiral dehydration assembly for extruding and dehydrating the iron tailings in the sedimentation tank, a rolling mill for roller processing of the extruded and dehydrated iron tailings, a pair of rollers for rolling processing of the roller-processed iron tailings, a vibrating spraying assembly for spraying auxiliary materials on the iron tailings during the roller processing and the rolling processing, a cutting assembly for cutting the sheet-shaped iron tailings obtained after the rolling processing, and a roller assembly for rounding the cut iron tailings. The device can convert waste into valuable building materials, realizes recycling of resources, reduces the cost of building material production, adopts a baking-free process to treat the iron tailings, avoids a large amount of energy consumption required by high-temperature baking, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of artificial aggregate preparation, and particularly relates to a device and method for preparing baking-free artificial aggregate from iron tailings mud. BACKGROUND

[0002] Iron tailings are waste after ore dressing, and are a main component of industrial solid waste. The solid waste discharged after grinding and selecting useful components is an important source of environmental pollution caused by mining development, especially metal mining.

[0003] Discarding iron tailings not only needs to occupy a large amount of land, causes great harm to the surrounding ecological environment, and needs to invest in respective treatment and maintenance costs, but also can fully utilize mineral resources, expand the utilization range of mineral resources, and prolong the service life of the mine. Comprehensive recovery and utilization of iron tailings resources is an important means of pollution control and ecological protection, can save a large amount of land and funds, solve the employment problem, benefit human society, and realize the effective unity of resource benefits, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits.

[0004] In the prior art, iron tailings can be treated by screening and hydraulic separation, and coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand and ultra-fine sand can be extracted for use as building material aggregate. However, a large amount of <0.125mm iron tailings mud cannot be utilized due to its fine particles and high water content. The iron tailings mud is in a muddy state, and it is difficult to uniformly mix with other materials in the existing building material equipment, and the dehydration and drying energy consumption is huge.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for preparing baking-free artificial aggregate from iron tailings mud without high-temperature baking and with low energy consumption. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the application provides a device and method for preparing baking-free artificial aggregate from iron tailings mud.

[0007] The technical scheme of the application is: a device for preparing baking-free artificial aggregate from iron tailings mud, comprising a sedimentation tank for storing iron tailings mud, a spiral dehydration assembly for performing extrusion dehydration treatment on the iron tailings mud in the sedimentation tank, a rolling mill for performing roller treatment on the iron tailings mud after the extrusion dehydration treatment, a roll mill for performing rolling treatment on the iron tailings mud after the roller treatment, a vibration spraying assembly for spraying auxiliary materials on the iron tailings mud during the roll milling and rolling treatment, a cutting assembly for performing cutting treatment on the sheet-shaped iron tailings mud obtained after the rolling treatment, and a roller assembly for performing rounding treatment on the iron tailings mud after the cutting treatment.

[0008] The spiral dewatering assembly comprises a mounting frame, a dewatering cylinder provided on the mounting frame and having a mesh structure at the bottom end, a spiral extrusion rod provided in the dewatering cylinder and driven by a first rotary motor, and a liquid containing tank provided on the side wall of the dewatering cylinder and located outside the mesh structure.

[0009] The vibration spraying assembly comprises a spraying cylinder having a through hole at the bottom end for communication with the outside, an annular mounting ring provided at the upper end inside the spraying cylinder and having an annular rotating groove on the side wall, a spraying net disc slidably connected with the inside of the annular rotating groove through a rotating ball on the side wall, a weighing cylinder provided at the upper end of the spraying cylinder, a connecting ring penetrating the inside of the spraying cylinder and connected with the side wall of the annular mounting ring, an annular gear provided on the outer wall of the spraying cylinder and connected with the connecting ring, a rotating gear engaged with the annular gear, and a second rotary motor for driving the rotating gear to rotate.

[0010] Further, the spiral extrusion rod comprises a rotating main rod connected with the first rotary motor, an airflow sleeve sleeved on the rotating main rod, spiral blades uniformly distributed along the outer wall of the airflow sleeve and penetratingly connected with the inside of the airflow sleeve, and an air compressor connected with the airflow sleeve through a connecting pipe.

[0011] When the rotating main rod is driven to rotate by the first rotary motor and the iron tailing slurry in the dewatering cylinder is extruded and dewatered, the air compressor is started to draw the external air into the airflow sleeve, and the air is introduced into the iron tailing slurry through the one-way air outlets on the side wall of each spiral blade. Since the water vapor in the iron tailing slurry is carried away by the airflow and evaporates rapidly, the dewatering rate is improved. Meanwhile, the introduction of the airflow can increase the porosity of the iron tailing slurry, so that the extrusion force can penetrate to the deep part of the iron tailing slurry more effectively, improving the extrusion effect and further promoting the separation of water.

[0012] Further, the discharge port is connected with a loosening and stirring assembly at the bottom end. The loosening and stirring assembly comprises a loosening box and two oppositely distributed loosening discs provided in the loosening box. The bottom end of each loosening disc is provided with a plurality of loosening teeth.

[0013] After the extrusion, the iron tailing slurry is first dropped into the loosening box through the discharge port before being processed by the roller. At this time, the iron tailing slurry is stirred and dispersed by the loosening teeth on the bottom end of the oppositely distributed loosening discs, so that the structure and state of the iron tailing slurry are more suitable for the subsequent roller processing, which can ensure the uniformity and efficiency of the roller processing.

[0014] Further, the loose material disc comprises mounting strips in sliding connection with the side walls of the loose material box, a main disc body in connection with the side walls of the mounting strips through hinged frames, and a driving motor for driving the hinged frames to rotate, wherein the loose material teeth are evenly arranged on the main disc body, the two mounting strips are connected through a linkage plate, and the linkage plate is connected with the inner wall of the loose material box through a hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] Description: When the extruded iron tailings are treated by stirring and dispersing with the loose material disc, the corresponding hinged frame is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the main disc body connected with the hinged frame rotates synchronously, and the loose material teeth on the main disc body are distributed downward. At this time, the two mounting strips connected through the linkage plate move back and forth through repeated extension and compression of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to stir and disperse the iron tailings. In the above process, the two main disc bodies are first placed vertically and distributed oppositely, which aims to increase the falling area of the iron tailings. When the stirring and loosening treatment is performed, the two main disc bodies are rotated to be horizontally placed, which aims to increase the contact area of the loose material teeth with the iron tailings and improve the loosening effect.

[0016] Further, the diameter of the loose material net disc is 1 / 2 of the diameter of the annular rotating groove, and the loose material net disc is a detachable structure.

[0017] Description: When the alkali agent such as alkali residue and sodium silicate is sprayed into the iron tailings to stimulate the reaction activity of the iron tailings, the size of the diameter of the loose material net disc is limited, so that the loose material net disc can spray the auxiliary materials to all parts of the iron tailings when the annular rotating groove rotates, ensuring uniform stimulation of the reaction activity and improving the uniformity and consistency of the iron tailings treatment.

[0018] Further, the inside of the weighing cylinder is divided into multiple weighing cavities by a partition plate, and a blocking plate is hingedly connected to the bottom end of each weighing cavity. A metal frame is arranged at the bottom end of the weighing cavity, an electromagnetic suction disc is arranged in the blocking plate, and a gravity sensor is arranged at the upper end of the blocking plate.

[0019] Description: When the auxiliary materials are sprayed on the iron tailings after rolling treatment, in order to add each type of auxiliary material separately and control the addition amount, a plurality of weighing cavities are arranged, and the addition amount is detected by the corresponding gravity sensor on the blocking plate at the bottom end of the weighing cavity, so as to realize accurate control of the addition amount of the auxiliary materials, ensure that each type of auxiliary material is accurately added according to the predetermined proportion, optimize the reaction conditions in the iron tailings treatment process, and avoid the reduction of reaction efficiency caused by insufficient or excessive addition of auxiliary materials. When the weighing is completed, the electromagnetic suction disc is powered off, at this time, the blocking plate is disconnected with the metal frame, and the weighed auxiliary materials fall into the loose material net disc for uniform addition.

[0020] Further, the roller assembly comprises a mounting main frame, a rotating roller arranged on the mounting main frame and driven by a third rotating motor, an intermediate fixed cylinder sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller and provided with a discharging guide opening at the bottom end, and a temporary storage tray arranged on the upper end of the mounting main frame and located at the lower end position of the discharging guide opening; the inner wall of the rotating roller is uniformly provided with a plurality of rolling material blocks, the side wall of the rotating roller is provided with a plurality of discharging round openings, the rotating roller and the intermediate fixed cylinder are both provided with feeding openings, and the two feeding openings are located in the same vertical direction.

[0021] Description: The third rotating motor is used to rotate the rotating roller, and the feeding openings of the rotating roller and the intermediate fixed cylinder are opposite; the cut iron tailings are added into the rotating roller through the feeding openings; the third rotating motor is used to continue rotating the rotating roller, and the rolling material blocks in the rotating roller are used to roll the iron tailings into spherical artificial aggregates; finally, the spherical artificial aggregates are collected through the discharging guide opening and the temporary storage tray; the spherical artificial aggregates can be sold after being maintained for 5 days; the rolled particles are close to circular and have good fluidity, which is beneficial to subsequent building material production.

[0022] Further, the upper end of the mounting main frame is connected with a rotating circular plate through a fourth rotating motor, the temporary storage tray has a plurality of temporary storage trays, the plurality of temporary storage trays are uniformly distributed on the upper end of the rotating circular plate in the circumferential direction, the upper end of each temporary storage tray is provided with an infrared detector, and the side wall of the temporary storage tray is provided with an electromagnetic valve at the bottom end.

[0023] Description: When the iron tailings are rolled into spherical artificial aggregates, the spherical artificial aggregates are collected in batches through the discharging guide opening and the temporary storage trays; when one of the temporary storage trays is full, the rotating circular plate is driven to rotate by the fourth rotating motor; when the infrared detector at the upper end of another temporary storage tray detects the discharging guide opening, the fourth rotating motor stops until the temporary storage tray is full of spherical artificial aggregates; the above steps are repeated so that each temporary storage tray meets the storage requirement; when it is necessary to discharge the spherical artificial aggregates in the temporary storage tray, the corresponding electromagnetic valve can be opened to discharge the spherical artificial aggregates.

[0024] The application further discloses a method for preparing the unfired artificial aggregates from the iron tailings, and the method comprises the following steps based on the device for preparing the unfired artificial aggregates from the iron tailings.

[0025] S1, extrusion dewatering of the iron tailings

[0026] The iron tailings in the sedimentation tank are transported into the dewatering cylinder, the screw extrusion rod is driven to rotate by the first rotating motor, and the iron tailings are subjected to extrusion dewatering; the mud water after the extrusion dewatering flows to the liquid storage tank through the mesh structure at the bottom end of the dewatering cylinder and then returns to the sedimentation tank; and the iron tailings after the extrusion dewatering are transported into the roller mill.

[0027] S2, scattering of auxiliary materials

[0028] The iron tailing mud after extrusion dewatering is rolled into a sheet shape by a roller mill, and fly ash and slag with a mass ratio of 1:3 to 3:1 are added into a weighing cylinder, at the same time, a rotating gear is driven to rotate by a second rotating motor, the ring gear meshing with the rotating gear also rotates, and the ring mounting ring connected with the ring gear through the connecting ring also rotates synchronously, at this time, since the material spraying net disc is slidingly connected inside the ring rotating groove through the rotating ball, the material spraying net disc repeatedly rotates along the inner wall of the ring mounting ring, so that the fly ash and slag falling into the material spraying net disc are uniformly sprayed into the sheet-shaped iron tailing mud, wherein the total amount of fly ash and slag is 20 to 120% of the total amount of iron tailing mud, the fly ash and slag are subjected to alkali activation cementation reaction with the iron tailing mud through the roller treatment of the roller mill, and the iron tailing mud intermediate is obtained;

[0029] S3, spraying activator

[0030] The iron tailing mud intermediate after the roller treatment of the roller mill is conveyed into a pair of roller mills, and is continuously rolled into a sheet-shaped iron tailing mud intermediate by the pair of roller mills, and alkali slag and sodium silicate with a mass ratio of 3:1 to 1:1 are added into the weighing cylinder, wherein the total amount of alkali slag and sodium silicate is 3% to 15% of the total amount of iron tailing mud, and is repeatedly sprayed onto the sheet-shaped iron tailing mud intermediate by the vibration spraying assembly, and the sheet-shaped iron tailing mud is obtained through the rolling treatment of the pair of roller mills.

[0031] S4, cutting and rounding treatment

[0032] The sheet-shaped iron tailing mud after the rolling treatment of the pair of roller mills is conveyed into a cutting assembly, and is cut into a plurality of small pieces by the cutting assembly, and finally, the cut iron tailing mud is rolled into a spherical artificial aggregate by a roller assembly.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0034] (1) The device for preparing sinter-free artificial aggregate from iron tailing mud in the present application uses a spiral dewatering assembly to extrude and dewater the iron tailing mud, a roller mill to roll the iron tailing mud after extrusion and dewatering treatment, a vibration spraying assembly to spray auxiliary materials to the iron tailing mud during rolling, a pair of roller mills to continuously roll the iron tailing mud after spraying of auxiliary materials and spray alkali slag and sodium silicate for extrusion and mixing, a cutting assembly to cut the rolled sheet-shaped iron tailing mud, and finally a roller assembly for rounding treatment, and the rolled particles are close to a circular shape and have good fluidity, which is beneficial to subsequent building material production. The device can convert waste materials into valuable building materials, realize recycling of resources, reduce the cost of building material production, and adopt a sinter-free process, which avoids a large amount of energy consumption required for high-temperature sintering, is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0035] (2) When the device sprays auxiliary materials and spreads activators, the spraying mesh is slidably connected to the inside of the annular rotating groove through the rotating ball. Therefore, the spraying mesh rotates repeatedly along the inner wall of the annular mounting ring, so that the auxiliary materials and spreading activators falling into the spraying mesh are evenly sprayed onto the flaky iron tailings mud. The alkaline-activated gelation reaction is carried out through extrusion and kneading. The uniform distribution of the auxiliary materials promotes full contact and mixing between the iron tailings mud and the auxiliary materials, providing good conditions for the alkaline-activated gelation reaction, thereby improving the strength and stability of the artificial aggregate. The non-fired artificial aggregate prepared from the iron tailings mud can be sold as aggregate together with the sand and gravel separated from the iron tailings, making full use of the existing sales channels to realize the full utilization of the iron tailings. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spiral dehydration component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeder mesh of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the spray cylinder when the connecting ring is connected to the ring gear according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting ring and the annular mounting ring of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a top view of the loosening box of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the weighing cylinder of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a top view of the weighing cylinder of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the roller assembly of the present invention.

[0045] Among them, 1-sedimentation tank, 3-spiral dewatering assembly, 30-mounting frame, 31-dewatering cylinder, 310-discharge port, 311-automatic opening and closing cover plate, 32-spiral extrusion rod, 320-rotating main rod, 321-airflow sleeve, 322-propeller blade, 323-air compressor, 324-one-way air outlet, 33-liquid tank, 34-first rotating motor, 4-roll mill, 5-vibrating spray assembly, 50-through port, 51-spraying cylinder, 52-annular mounting ring, 520-annular rotating groove, 53-spraying screen, 530-rotating ball, 54-weighing cylinder, 540-partition plate.

[0046] 541 - Weighing chamber, 542 - Sealing plate, 543 - Metal frame, 544 - Electromagnetic chuck, 545 - Gravity sensor, 55 - Connecting ring, 56 - Ring gear, 57 - Rotating gear, 58 - Second rotary motor, 6 - Roller mill, 7 - Cutting assembly, 8 - Roller assembly, 80 - Main mounting frame, 81 - Rotating roller, 810 - Third rotary motor, 811 - Rolling block, 812 - Discharge port, 813 - Inlet, 82 - Intermediate fixed cylinder, 820 - Discharge guide, 83 - Temporary storage tray, 830 - Infrared detector, 831 - Electromagnetic valve, 84 -

[0047] Fourth rotary motor, 85 - rotating circular plate, 9 - loosening and mixing assembly, 90 - loosening box, 91 - loosening disc, 910 - loosening teeth, 911 - mounting strip, 93 - hinge frame, 912 - main disc body, 913 - drive motor, 914

[0048] - Linkage plate, 915- Hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0050] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, an apparatus for preparing non-fired artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge includes a sedimentation tank 1 for storing iron tailings sludge, a spiral dewatering assembly 3 for extruding and dewatering the iron tailings sludge in the sedimentation tank 1, a rolling mill 4 for rolling the extruded and dewatered iron tailings sludge, a double-roll mill 6 for rolling the rolled iron tailings sludge, a vibrating spraying assembly 5 for spraying auxiliary materials onto the rolled and rolled iron tailings sludge, a cutting assembly 7 for cutting the sheet-like iron tailings sludge obtained after rolling, and a roller assembly 8 for rounding the cut iron tailings sludge, wherein the cutting assembly 7 adopts the prior art;

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the spiral dewatering assembly 3 includes a mounting frame 30, a dewatering cylinder 31 mounted on the mounting frame 30 and having a mesh structure at the bottom, a spiral extrusion rod 32 located inside the dewatering cylinder 31 and driven by a first rotary motor 320, and a liquid holding tank 33 located on the side wall of the dewatering cylinder 31 and outside the mesh structure. The dewatering cylinder 31 has a discharge port 310 on one side, an automatic opening and closing cover plate 311 at the upper end of the dewatering cylinder 31, and a liquid holding tank 33 has a drain port. The first rotary motor 320 and the automatic opening and closing cover plate 311 both adopt existing technologies.

[0052] like Figure 1 , 3, 4, 5, the vibration spraying assembly 5 includes a spraying cylinder 51 with a through hole 50 at the bottom end for communication with the outside, an annular mounting ring 52 arranged at the upper end inside the spraying cylinder 51 and having an annular rotating groove 520 on the side wall, a spraying mesh disc 53 slidably connected to the inside of the annular rotating groove 520 through a rotating ball 530 on the side wall, a weighing cylinder 54 arranged at the upper end of the spraying cylinder 51, a connecting ring 55 penetrating the spraying cylinder 51 and connected to the side wall of the annular mounting ring 52, an annular gear 56 arranged on the outer wall of the spraying cylinder 51 and connected to the connecting ring 55, a rotating gear 57 engaged with the annular gear 56, and a second rotary motor 58 for driving the rotating gear 57 to rotate. The roller machine 6 is located directly below the through hole 50. The annular gear 56, the rotating gear 57, and the second rotary motor 58 all use existing technology.

[0053] The diameter of the spraying mesh disc 53 is 1 / 2 of the diameter of the annular rotating groove 520, and the spraying mesh disc 53 is a detachable structure. When spraying alkali agents such as alkali residues and sodium silicate into the iron tailings slurry to stimulate the reaction activity of the iron tailings slurry, by limiting the size of the diameter of the spraying mesh disc 53, the spraying mesh disc 53 can spray the auxiliary materials to all parts of the iron tailings slurry when it rotates in the annular rotating groove 520, ensuring uniform stimulation of the reaction activity and improving the uniformity and consistency of the iron tailings slurry treatment.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 , the spiral extrusion rod 32 includes a rotating main rod 320 connected to the first rotary motor 320, an airflow sleeve 321 sleeved on the rotating main rod 320, spiral blades 322 uniformly distributed along the outer wall of the airflow sleeve 321 and penetratingly connected to the inside of the airflow sleeve 321, and an air compressor 323 connected to the airflow sleeve 321 through a connecting pipe. Each spiral blade 322 has 12 one-way air outlets 324 on the side wall. When the rotating main rod 320 is driven to rotate by the first rotary motor 320 and the iron tailings slurry in the dehydration cylinder 31 is extruded and dehydrated, the air compressor 323 is started to draw external air into the airflow sleeve 321, and the air is introduced into the iron tailings slurry through the one-way air outlets 324 on the side wall of each spiral blade 322. Since the air flow carries away the water vapor in the iron tailings slurry and allows it to evaporate rapidly, the dehydration rate is improved. At the same time, the introduction of air flow can increase the porosity of the iron tailings slurry, so that the extrusion force can effectively penetrate deep into the iron tailings slurry, improving the extrusion effect and further promoting the separation of water. The one-way air outlets 324 can prevent the flow of mud water in the iron tailings slurry from flowing in to avoid blockage. The first rotary motor 320 and the air compressor 323 both use existing technology.

[0055] As shown in Figure 1 , 9As shown, the roller assembly 8 comprises a mounting main frame 80, a rotating roller 81 arranged on the mounting main frame 80 and driven by a third rotating motor 810, an intermediate fixed cylinder 82 sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller 81 and provided with a discharging guide 820 at the bottom end, and a temporary storage tray 83 arranged at the upper end of the mounting main frame 80 and located at the lower end of the discharging guide 820. The inner wall of the rotating roller 81 is uniformly provided with 48 rolling material blocks 811, and the side wall of the rotating roller 81 is provided with 30 discharging round ports 812. The rotating roller 81 and the intermediate fixed cylinder 82 are both provided with a feeding port 813, and the two feeding ports 813 are located in the same vertical direction. The third rotating motor 810 is used to rotate the rotating roller 81 and make the feeding ports 813 of the rotating roller 81 and the intermediate fixed cylinder 82 face each other. The cut and processed iron tailings are added into the rotating roller 81 through the feeding port 813. The third rotating motor 810 is used to continue rotating the rotating roller 81, and the rolling material blocks 811 in the rotating roller 81 are used to roll the iron tailings into spherical artificial aggregates. Finally, the spherical artificial aggregates are collected through the discharging guide 820 and dropped onto the temporary storage tray 83. The spherical artificial aggregates can be sold after being cured for 5 days. The rolled particles are close to circular and have good fluidity, which is beneficial to subsequent building material production. The third rotating motor 810 is of the prior art.

[0056] The upper end of the mounting main frame 80 is connected with a rotating circular plate 85 through a fourth rotating motor 84. The temporary storage tray 83 has four temporary storage trays 83 which are uniformly distributed on the upper end of the rotating circular plate 85 in the circumferential direction. The upper end of each temporary storage tray 83 is provided with an infrared detector 830, and the side wall of the temporary storage tray 83 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 831 at the bottom end. When the iron tailings are rolled into spherical artificial aggregates, they are collected in batches through the discharging guide 820 and dropped into each temporary storage tray 83. When one of the temporary storage trays 83 is full, the rotating circular plate 85 is driven to rotate by the fourth rotating motor 84. When the infrared detector 830 at the upper end of another temporary storage tray 83 detects the discharging guide 820, the fourth rotating motor 84 stops until the temporary storage tray 83 is full of spherical artificial aggregates. The steps are repeated so that each temporary storage tray 83 meets the storage requirements. When it is necessary to discharge the spherical artificial aggregates in the temporary storage tray 83, the corresponding electromagnetic valve 831 can be opened for discharge. The infrared detector 830 and the electromagnetic valve 831 are both of the prior art.

[0057] Embodiment 2: The present embodiment describes a method for preparing fired artificial aggregates from iron tailings. Based on the device for preparing fired artificial aggregates from iron tailings in Embodiment 1, the method comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1, extrusion dehydration of iron tailings

[0059] The iron tailings mud in the sedimentation tank 1 is transported to the dehydration cylinder 31 through the automatic opening and closing cover plate 311, the screw extrusion rod 32 is driven to rotate by the first rotary motor 320, and the iron tailings mud is extruded and dehydrated, and the air compressor 323 is started, external air is sucked into the air flow sleeve 321 through the air compressor 323, and enters the iron tailings mud through the one-way air outlet holes 324 on the side wall of each propeller blade 322. Because the water vapor in the iron tailings mud is carried away by the air flow and evaporates rapidly, the extruded and dehydrated mud flows into the liquid tank 33 through the mesh structure at the bottom end of the dehydration cylinder 31 and then flows back to the sedimentation tank 1, and the extruded and dehydrated iron tailings mud is transported to the roller mill 4 through the discharge port 310;

[0060] S2, spreading auxiliary materials

[0061] The extruded and dehydrated iron tailings mud is rolled into a sheet shape by the roller mill 4, and fly ash and slag with a mass ratio of 1:3 are added to the weighing cylinder 54, and at the same time, the second rotary motor 58 drives the rotating gear 57 to rotate, and the ring gear 56 engaged with the rotating gear 57 also rotates, and the ring mounting ring 52 connected with the ring gear 56 through the connecting ring 55 also rotates synchronously. At this time, since the spreading mesh disc 53 is connected with the ring rotating groove 520 inside through the rotating ball 530, the spreading mesh disc 53 rotates repeatedly along the inner wall of the ring mounting ring 52, so that the fly ash and slag falling into the spreading mesh disc 53 are uniformly spread into the sheet-shaped iron tailings mud. The total amount of fly ash and slag is 20% of the total amount of iron tailings mud, and the fly ash and slag are subjected to alkali activation cementation reaction with the iron tailings mud through the roller treatment of the roller mill 4 to obtain an iron tailings mud intermediate;

[0062] S3, spreading activator

[0063] The iron tailings mud intermediate treated by the roller of the roller mill 4 is transported to the counter roller 6, and is continuously rolled into a sheet-shaped iron tailings mud intermediate by the counter roller 6, and alkali slag and sodium silicate with a mass ratio of 3:1 are added to the weighing cylinder 54, wherein the total amount of alkali slag and sodium silicate is 3% of the total amount of iron tailings mud. The sheet-shaped iron tailings mud intermediate is repeatedly spread on the sheet-shaped iron tailings mud intermediate by the vibrating spraying assembly 5, and the sheet-shaped iron tailings mud is obtained by the rolling treatment of the counter roller 6;

[0064] S4, cutting and rounding treatment

[0065] The sheet-shaped iron tailings mud after the rolling treatment by the roller 6 is transported into the cutting assembly 7, and is cut into small pieces by the cutting assembly 7. Finally, the iron tailings mud is added into the rotary drum 81 through the feeding port 813, the rotary drum 81 is continuously rotated by the third rotary motor 810, and the iron tailings mud is rolled into spherical artificial aggregates by the rolling blocks 811 in the rotary drum 81. Finally, the spherical artificial aggregates fall into the temporary storage trays 83 through the discharge guide 820 and are collected. When one of the temporary storage trays 83 is full, the fourth rotary motor 84 drives the rotating disc 85 to rotate. When the infrared detector 830 at the upper end of the other temporary storage tray 83 detects the discharge guide 820, the fourth rotary motor 84 stops until the temporary storage tray 83 is full of the spherical artificial aggregates. The steps are repeated so that each temporary storage tray 83 meets the storage requirements. When it is necessary to discharge the spherical artificial aggregates in the temporary storage tray 83, the corresponding electromagnetic valve 831 is opened to discharge.

[0066] Example 3: The difference from example 2 is that:

[0067] In step S2, fly ash and slag are added into the weighing cylinder 54 at a mass ratio of 3:1, and the total amount of fly ash and slag is 80% of the total amount of iron tailings mud.

[0068] In step S3, alkali residue and sodium silicate are added into the weighing cylinder 54 at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the total amount of alkali residue and sodium silicate is 10% of the total amount of iron tailings mud.

[0069] Example 4: The difference from example 3 is that:

[0070] In step S2, the total amount of fly ash and slag is 120% of the total amount of iron tailings mud.

[0071] In step S3, the total amount of alkali residue and sodium silicate is 15% of the total amount of iron tailings mud.

[0072] Example 5: The difference from example 1 is that: Figure 1 、 6 As shown in FIG. 9, the discharge port 310 is connected with a loosening and stirring assembly 9 at the bottom end. The loosening and stirring assembly 9 includes a loosening box 90 and two oppositely distributed loosening discs 91 arranged in the loosening box 90. The bottom end of each loosening disc 91 is provided with 16 loosening teeth 910. After the extruded iron tailings mud is dropped into the loosening box 90 through the discharge port 310, the iron tailings mud is stirred and dispersed by the loosening teeth 910 at the bottom end of the oppositely distributed loosening discs 91, so that the structure and state of the iron tailings mud are more suitable for subsequent rolling treatment, and the uniformity and efficiency of the rolling treatment can be ensured.

[0073] The loose material disc 91 comprises mounting strips 911 slidably connected with the side walls of the loose material box 90, main disc bodies 912 connected with the side walls of the mounting strips 911 through hinged frames 93, drive motors 913 driving the hinged frames 93 to rotate, loose material teeth 910 evenly arranged on the main disc bodies 912, linkage plates 914 connecting the two mounting strips 911, and hydraulic cylinders 915 connecting the linkage plates 914 with the inner walls of the loose material box 90. The drive motors 913 and the hydraulic cylinders 915 are both of the prior art. When the loose material disc 91 is used to stir and disperse the iron tailing slurry after extrusion, the corresponding hinged frame 93 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 913, the main disc body 912 connected with the hinged frame 93 rotates synchronously, and the loose material teeth 910 on the main disc body 912 are distributed downward. At this time, the two mounting strips 911 connected through the linkage plate 914 move back and forth through repeated extension and compression of the hydraulic cylinder 915, so as to stir and disperse the iron tailing slurry. In the above process, the two main disc bodies 912 are first placed vertically and distributed oppositely, so as to increase the falling area of the iron tailing slurry. When the stirring and loosening treatment is performed, the two main disc bodies 912 are rotated to be placed horizontally, so as to increase the contact area of the loose material teeth 910 with the iron tailing slurry and improve the loosening effect.

[0074] Example 6: Different from example 4 in that:

[0075] In step S2, the iron tailing slurry after extrusion is first dropped into the loose material box 90 through the discharge port 310 before being treated by the roller. At this time, the loose material disc 91 is used to stir and disperse the iron tailing slurry after extrusion. The corresponding hinged frame 93 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 913, the main disc body 912 connected with the hinged frame 93 rotates synchronously, and the loose material teeth 910 on the main disc body 912 are distributed downward. At this time, the two mounting strips 911 connected through the linkage plate 914 move back and forth through repeated extension and compression of the hydraulic cylinder 915, so as to stir and disperse the iron tailing slurry.

[0076] Example 7: Different from example 5 in that: Figure 7 、 8As shown, the inside of the weighing cylinder 54 is divided into a plurality of weighing cavities 541 by a partition plate 540, and a sealing plate 542 is hingedly connected to the bottom end of each weighing cavity 541. A metal frame 543 is arranged at the bottom end of the weighing cavity 541, and an electromagnetic chuck 544 is arranged in the sealing plate 542. A gravity sensor 545 is arranged at the upper end of the sealing plate 542. The electromagnetic chuck 544 and the gravity sensor 545 are both existing technologies. When the auxiliary materials are sprayed on the iron tailing mud after rolling treatment, in order to add and control the amount of each type of auxiliary material, a plurality of weighing cavities 541 are arranged, and the amount of addition is detected by the corresponding gravity sensor 545 on the sealing plate 542 at the bottom end of the weighing cavity 541, so as to realize accurate control of the amount of addition of the auxiliary materials, ensure that each type of auxiliary material is accurately added according to the predetermined proportion, optimize the reaction conditions in the process of treating the iron tailing mud, and avoid the reduction of reaction efficiency caused by insufficient or excessive addition of auxiliary materials. When the weighing is completed, the electromagnetic chuck 544 is powered off, at this time, the sealing plate 542 is disconnected with the metal frame 543, and the weighed auxiliary materials fall into the material distribution net disc 53 for uniform addition.

[0077] Example 8: The difference from Example 6 is that:

[0078] In step S2, the amount of addition of fly ash, slag, alkali residue and sodium silicate is detected by the corresponding gravity sensor 545 on the sealing plate 542 at the bottom end of the weighing cavity 541. After the weighing is completed, the electromagnetic chuck 544 is powered off, at this time, the sealing plate 542 is disconnected with the metal frame 543, and the weighed auxiliary materials fall into the material distribution net disc 53 for uniform addition.

Claims

1. A device for preparing a non-burned artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge, characterized by, The application relates to a device for processing iron tailing mud, which comprises a sedimentation tank (1) for storing the iron tailing mud, a spiral dewatering assembly (3) for performing extrusion dewatering treatment on the iron tailing mud in the sedimentation tank (1), a roller mill (4) for performing roller treatment on the iron tailing mud after the extrusion dewatering treatment, a pair of roller mill (6) for performing rolling treatment on the iron tailing mud after the roller treatment, a vibrating spraying assembly (5) for spraying auxiliary materials on the iron tailing mud during the roller treatment and the rolling treatment, a cutting assembly (7) for performing cutting treatment on the sheet-shaped iron tailing mud after the rolling treatment, and a drum assembly (8) for performing rolling treatment on the iron tailing mud after the cutting treatment. The spiral dewatering assembly (3) comprises a mounting frame (30), a dewatering cylinder (31) provided on the mounting frame (30) and having a mesh structure at the bottom end, a spiral extrusion rod (32) provided in the dewatering cylinder (31) and driven by a first rotating motor (34), and a liquid containing box (33) provided on the side wall of the dewatering cylinder (31) and located outside the mesh structure; one side of the dewatering cylinder (31) is provided with a discharge port (310), the upper end of the dewatering cylinder (31) is provided with an automatic opening and closing cover plate (311), and the liquid containing box (33) is provided with a liquid discharge port. The vibrating spraying assembly (5) comprises a spraying cylinder (51) provided with a through hole (50) in communication with the outside at the bottom end, an annular mounting ring (52) provided on the inner upper end of the spraying cylinder (51) and provided with an annular rotating groove (520) on the side wall, a material spraying net disc (53) slidably connected with the inner side of the annular rotating groove (520) through a rotating ball (530), a weighing cylinder (54) provided on the upper end of the spraying cylinder (51), a connecting ring (55) penetrating the spraying cylinder (51) and connected with the side wall of the annular mounting ring (52), an annular gear (56) provided on the outer wall of the spraying cylinder (51) and connected with the connecting ring (55), a rotating gear (57) engaged with the annular gear (56), a second rotating motor (58) for driving the rotating gear (57) to rotate, and the pair of roller mill (6) is located below the through hole (50).

2. A device for preparing a non-burned artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral extrusion rod (32) comprises a rotating main rod (320) connected with the first rotating motor (34), an airflow sleeve (321) sleeved on the rotating main rod (320), a plurality of propeller blades (322) uniformly distributed along the outer wall of the airflow sleeve (321) and penetratingly connected with the inside of the airflow sleeve (321), and an air compressor (323) connected with the airflow sleeve (321) through a connecting pipe.

3. A device for preparing a non-burned artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the discharge port (310) is connected with a material loosening and stirring assembly (9), and the material loosening and stirring assembly (9) comprises a material loosening box (90) and two oppositely distributed material loosening discs (91) in the material loosening box (90).

4. The apparatus for preparing the non-burned artificial aggregate using the iron tailings mud according to claim 3, characterized in that, The loosening disc (91) comprises mounting strips (911) slidably connected with the side walls of the loosening box (90), a main disc body (912) connected with the side walls of the mounting strips (911) through a hinged frame (93), and a driving motor (913) for driving the hinged frame (93) to rotate. The loosening teeth (910) are uniformly arranged on the main disc body (912). The two mounting strips (911) are connected through a linkage plate (914), and the linkage plate (914) is connected with the inner wall of the loosening box (90) through a hydraulic cylinder (915).

5. The apparatus for preparing the non-burned artificial aggregate using the iron tailings mud according to claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the material scattering net disc (53) is 1 / 2 of the diameter of the annular rotating groove (520), and the material scattering net disc (53) is a detachable structure.

6. The apparatus for preparing the non-burned artificial aggregate using the iron tailing mud according to claim 1, wherein, The inside of the weighing cylinder (54) is divided into multiple weighing cavities (541) by a partition plate (540), and each weighing cavity (541) is hingedly connected with a blocking plate (542) at the bottom end. The bottom end of the weighing cavity (541) is provided with a metal frame (543), the blocking plate (542) is provided with an electromagnetic suction disc (544) inside, and the top end of the blocking plate (542) is provided with a gravity sensor (545).

7. The apparatus for preparing the non-burned artificial aggregate using the iron tailings mud according to claim 1, wherein, The roller assembly (8) comprises a mounting main frame (80), a rotating roller (81) arranged on the mounting main frame (80) and driven by a third rotating motor (810), an intermediate fixed cylinder (82) sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller (81) and provided with a discharging guide opening (820) at the bottom end, and a temporary storage tray (83) arranged at the upper end of the mounting main frame (80) and located at the position below the lower end of the discharging guide opening (820). The inner wall of the rotating roller (81) is uniformly provided with multiple rolling material blocks (811), the side wall of the rotating roller (81) is provided with multiple discharging round openings (812), the rotating roller (81) and the intermediate fixed cylinder (82) are both provided with feeding openings (813), and the two feeding openings (813) are located in the same vertical direction.

8. A device for preparing a non-burned artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the mounting main frame (80) is connected with a rotating circular plate (85) through a fourth rotating motor (84), the temporary storage tray (83) has multiple temporary storage trays (83) which are uniformly distributed on the upper end of the rotating circular plate (85) in the circumferential direction, the upper end of each temporary storage tray (83) is provided with an infrared detector (830), and the side wall of the temporary storage tray (83) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (831) at the bottom end.

9. A method for producing a non-burnt artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge, based on the device for producing a non-burnt artificial aggregate using iron tailings sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, extrusion dewatering of iron tailings The iron tailings in the sedimentation tank (1) are transported into the dewatering cylinder (31), the screw extrusion rod (32) is driven to rotate by the first rotating motor (34) to extrude and dewater the iron tailings, the mud water after extrusion dewatering flows into the liquid containing tank (33) through the mesh structure at the bottom end of the dewatering cylinder (31), and then returns to the sedimentation tank (1), and then the extrusion dewatered iron tailings are transported into the roller (4); S2, scattering auxiliary materials The iron tailings sludge, after being squeezed and dehydrated, is rolled into flakes by a rolling mill (4), and fly ash and slag with a mass ratio of 1:3 to 3:1 are added into the weighing cylinder (54). At the same time, the rotating gear (57) is driven to rotate by the second rotating motor (58), and the ring gear (56) meshing with the rotating gear (57) also rotates. The ring mounting ring (52) connected to the ring gear (56) through the connecting ring (55) also rotates synchronously. At this time, due to the rotation of the sprinkling screen (53), the iron tailings sludge is rolled into flakes by a rolling mill (4), and fly ash and slag with a mass ratio of 1:3 to 3:1 are added into the weighing cylinder (54). Simultaneously, the rotating gear (57) is driven to rotate by the second rotating motor (58), and the ring gear (56) meshing with the rotating gear (57) also rotates. The ball (530) is slidably connected to the inside of the annular rotating groove (520). Therefore, the sprinkling screen (53) rotates repeatedly along the inner wall of the annular mounting ring (52), so that the fly ash and slag falling into the sprinkling screen (53) are evenly spread into the flaky iron tailings mud. The total amount of fly ash and slag added is 20-120% of the total amount of iron tailings mud. Through the rolling mill (4), the fly ash and slag are subjected to alkali-activated gelation reaction with the iron tailings mud to obtain the iron tailings mud intermediate. S3, Dispensing Activator The iron tailings mud intermediate after being processed by the roller mill (4) is conveyed to the double roller mill (6), and it is further rolled into a sheet-like iron tailings mud intermediate by the double roller mill (6). Alkali slag and sodium silicate with a mass ratio of 3:1 to 1:1 are added into the weighing cylinder (54), wherein the total amount of alkali slag and sodium silicate added is 3% to 15% of the total amount of iron tailings mud. The sheet-like iron tailings mud is repeatedly spread onto the sheet-like iron tailings mud intermediate by the vibrating spraying component (5), and the sheet-like iron tailings mud is obtained by the rolling process of the double roller mill (6). S4. Cutting and Rounding Processing The sheet-like iron tailings mud that has been rolled by the roller mill (6) is transported to the cutting assembly (7), where it is cut into several small pieces. Finally, the cut iron tailings mud is rolled into spherical artificial aggregate by the roller assembly (8).

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