A processing method for anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolt and bolt thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of bolt processing technology, in particular to a method for processing anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolts and the bolts thereof, step one, selecting the raw material of the bolt; step two, processing the raw material according to the requirements of the length and shape of the bolt, the bolt comprises a nut and a screw connected to the nut, and the rod surface of the screw is processed with threads; step three, heat treating the bolt by a bolt processing device to improve the hardness and strength of the bolt; step four, removing the sharp edges and burrs on the outer surface of the bolt; step five, turning the bolt after grinding and polishing; step six, fine grinding the bolt after turning; step seven, coating the surface of the finely ground bolt with a protective coating; comparing the bolt with the pre-stored design standards and technical sample drawings by manual measurement to determine whether the thread size of the bolt is qualified. The bolt is heated in all directions to ensure the heat treatment effect of the bolt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolt processing, and in particular to a processing method for anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolts and the bolts. Background Art

[0002] Bolts are cylindrical threaded fasteners that are mainly matched with nuts. A type of fastener consisting of a head and a screw rod, which needs to be matched with a nut to fasten and connect two parts with through holes; and the existing mechanical bolts need to be heat treated to further strengthen them in order to increase fatigue resistance. For example, a bolt processing method disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN109702431A, the heat treatment of which is to quench the bolts formed in step two at 980°C, keep the temperature at 980°C for 0.5 hours, and then gradually cool and temper the quenched bolts at 800°C, 600°C, 400°C, and 200°C for 70 minutes; the surface carburization treatment is to directly quench the bolts obtained in step three at 800°C to 850°C in a carbonizing environment, and then temper at low temperature.

[0003] However, during the heat treatment of the existing bolts, the bolts will be piled up at the bottom of the heat treatment box, and the bolts cannot be heated in all directions during the heat treatment, resulting in poor heat treatment effect of the bolts. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of a fatigue-resistant engineering machinery bolt processing method and bolt thereof proposed in the above background technology, the bolt is heated in all directions to ensure the heat treatment effect of the bolt.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution, a method for processing anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolts, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, material preparation: select the raw materials for the bolts;

[0007] Step 2: Cold forging of bolts: Processing the raw materials according to the requirements of bolt length and shape. The bolts include a nut and a screw connected to the nut, and the surface of the screw is processed with threads.

[0008] Step 3: Heat treatment of bolts: heat treatment of bolts by bolt processing device to improve the hardness and strength of bolts;

[0009] The bolt processing device comprises a base, a heat treatment box for heating the bolts is arranged at the top of the base, a cooling box for cooling the bolts is arranged on the left side of the heat treatment box, a storage device for storing the bolts is arranged above the heat treatment box, and a driving device for driving the storage device to move left and right is arranged at the top of the storage device;

[0010] The storage device comprises a storage assembly for storing bolts, a clamping assembly for clamping the bolts in the storage assembly is arranged inside the storage assembly, an adjusting assembly for driving the clamping assembly to move up and down is arranged above the clamping assembly, and a moving assembly for driving the clamping assembly to move left and right is arranged above the adjusting assembly;

[0011] The driving device includes a screw rod arranged above the base for driving the moving assembly to move left and right, a second motor for driving the screw rod to rotate is fixedly installed at the right end of the screw rod, and guide rods for guiding the moving assembly are arranged at the front and rear ends of the screw rod;

[0012] Step 4: Grinding and polishing: remove sharp edges and burrs on the outer surface of the bolt;

[0013] Step 5, turning: turning the ground and polished bolts, that is, processing the threads and other special shapes according to requirements;

[0014] Step 6, fine grinding: fine grinding the bolts after turning to improve surface quality and dimensional accuracy;

[0015] Step 7, surface treatment and inspection: Apply protective coating to the surface of the bolt after fine grinding; compare the bolt with the pre-stored design standards and technical sample drawings through manual measurement to determine whether the thread size of the bolt is qualified.

[0016] Furthermore, the moving assembly includes a threaded sleeve plate threadedly connected to the screw rod for left and right movement, and a fixed frame for placing the adjustment assembly is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the threaded sleeve plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjusting assembly includes a transmission shaft for rotation arranged in a fixed frame, a second bevel gear is arranged on the shaft body of the transmission shaft, a first bevel gear for meshing with the second bevel gear is arranged on the left side of the second bevel gear, a threaded rod for driving the first bevel gear to rotate is fixedly installed on the left end of the first bevel gear, a first motor for driving the threaded rod to rotate is arranged on the left end of the threaded rod, a movable plate for moving up and down in the fixed frame is threadedly connected to the rod body of the transmission shaft, and a connecting rod for driving the storage assembly to move up and down is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the movable plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a clamping plate for clamping the bolts in the storage assembly, and a fixing rod for fixing the clamping plate in the storage assembly is fixedly mounted on the plate body of the clamping plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the storage assembly includes a cylinder for placing bolts, a slide groove for allowing the fixing rod to move up and down is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder, a fixing column is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder, and a disc is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing column.

[0020] Furthermore, a first support plate and a second support plate for assisting the driving device are fixedly mounted on the top of the base.

[0021] Based on the same inventive concept, a bolt is also proposed, which is processed using the above-mentioned anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolt processing method, including a nut, a screw rod is fixedly installed on the right end of the nut, the upper surface of the screw rod body is processed with threads, and the screw rod body is coated with a protective coating.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] By arranging a storage device and a driving device, when the bolt needs to be heat treated, the bolt can be placed in the cylinder, and then the two fixing rods on the top of the clamping plate can be moved into the cylinder along the slide groove, so that the bolt in the cylinder can be fixed; then, the second motor drives the lead screw to rotate, so that the cylinder can be moved to the top of the heat treatment box; then, the first motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, and under the meshing connection of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the transmission shaft can be controlled to rotate, so that the movable plate can be moved downward along the shaft body of the transmission shaft, and the cylinder can be driven into the heat treatment box for all-round heat treatment; in the same treatment method, the bolts after heat treatment in the cylinder are placed in a cooling box for cooling, and the bolts can be quickly cooled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a front view of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a storage device of a bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device of a bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the coordination of the moving assembly and the adjusting assembly of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 A diagram showing the coordination of the clamping assembly and the storage assembly of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping assembly of a bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the storage component structure of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt structure of the bolt processing device used in the present invention.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the names of the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0034] 100-base, 101-first support plate, 102-second support plate;

[0035] 200-heat treatment box;

[0036] 300-cooling box;

[0037] 400-storage device, 410-moving assembly, 411-threaded sleeve plate, 412-fixed frame, 420-adjusting assembly, 421-first motor, 422-threaded rod, 423-first bevel gear, 424-transmission shaft, 425-second bevel gear, 426-moving plate, 427-connecting rod, 430-pressing assembly, 431-pressing plate, 432-fixed rod, 440-storage assembly, 441-disc, 442-fixed column, 443-cylinder, 444-slide;

[0038] 500-driving device, 510-second motor, 520-guide rod, 530-screw rod;

[0039] 1-Nut, 2-Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred specific embodiments for implementing the present invention are described in detail below, and a clear and complete description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 The present invention provides a method for processing anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolts, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Prepare materials and select suitable materials as raw materials for bolts; determine suitable materials according to material properties and usage requirements, such as nickel-based alloy materials.

[0043] Step 2: Cold forging of bolts: Process the raw materials according to the requirements of bolt length and shape. The bolt includes a nut 1 and a screw rod 2 connected to the nut 1. The surface of the rod body of the screw rod 2 is processed with threads (not marked in the figure).

[0044] Step three, heat treatment of the bolts, heat treatment of the bolts by a bolt processing device to improve the hardness and strength of the bolts, wherein the bolts are formed by a nickel-based alloy; the present invention forms bolts by a nickel-based alloy, and compared with other alloys, cobalt-based alloys still have higher strength at high temperatures of 650°C to 1000°C, and nickel-based alloys also have good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be used in ultra-high temperature environments, thereby ensuring the connection reliability of the bolts.

[0045] The bolt processing device includes a base 100, and a heat treatment box 200 for heating the bolts is arranged on the top of the base 100. The heat treatment box 200 adopts electromagnetic induction for heating, so that the bolts processed in step two can be heat treated by the heat treatment box 200; a cooling box 300 for cooling the bolts is arranged on the left side of the heat treatment box 200, and a storage device 400 for storing the bolts is arranged above the heat treatment box 200, and a driving device 500 for driving the storage device 400 to move left and right is arranged on the top of the storage device 400.

[0046] A first support plate 101 and a second support plate 102 for assisting the driving device 500 are fixedly mounted on the top of the base 100 .

[0047] The driving device 500 includes a screw rod 530 arranged above the base 100 for driving the moving component 410 to move left and right, and the left and right ends of the screw rod 530 are respectively connected to the first support plate 101 and the second support plate 102 through bearings (not shown in the figure) to facilitate the rotation of the screw rod 530; a second motor 510 for driving the screw rod 530 to rotate is fixedly installed at the right end of the screw rod 530, and guide rods 520 for guiding the moving component 410 are arranged at the front and rear ends of the screw rod 530.

[0048] The storage device 400 includes a storage component 440 for storing bolts, a clamping component 430 for clamping the bolts in the storage component 440 is arranged inside the storage component 440, an adjusting component 420 for driving the clamping component 430 to move up and down is arranged above the clamping component 430, and a moving component 410 for driving the clamping component 430 to move left and right is arranged above the adjusting component 420.

[0049] The moving assembly 410 includes a threaded sleeve 411 which is threadedly connected to the screw rod 530 for left and right movement, and the guide rod 520 passes through the threaded sleeve 411 to ensure that the threaded sleeve 411 always moves left and right along the rod body of the screw rod 530 when the screw rod 530 rotates; a fixed frame 412 for placing the adjustment assembly 420 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the threaded sleeve 411.

[0050] The adjustment component 420 includes a transmission shaft 424 arranged in the fixed frame 412 for rotation, and the shaft body of the transmission shaft 424 is connected to the fixed frame 412 through a bearing to facilitate the rotation of the transmission shaft 424; a second bevel gear 425 is arranged on the shaft body of the transmission shaft 424, and a first bevel gear 423 for meshing with the second bevel gear 425 is arranged on the left side of the second bevel gear 425, and a threaded rod 422 for driving the first bevel gear 423 to rotate is fixedly installed on the left end of the first bevel gear 423.

[0051] A first motor 421 for driving the threaded rod 422 to rotate is provided at the left end of the threaded rod 422, and the shaft end of the output shaft of the first motor 421 is connected to the right end of the threaded rod 422 through a coupling (not shown in the figure); a movable plate 426 for moving up and down in the fixed frame 412 is threadedly connected to the rod body of the transmission shaft 424, and a connecting rod 427 for driving the storage assembly 440 to move up and down is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the movable plate 426, and there are two connecting rods 427, which are distributed in left and right pairs at the bottom end of the movable plate 426, and the two connecting rods 427 pass through the bottom end of the fixed frame 412.

[0052] The storage assembly 440 includes a cylinder 443 for placing bolts, and a filter hole is provided on the cylinder body of the cylinder 443, so that the cylinder 443 can be placed in the heat treatment box 200 for heat treatment of the bolts; a slide groove 444 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 443 for the fixing rod 432 to move up and down, and there are two slide grooves 444, which are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the cylinder 443; thereby facilitating the clamping assembly 430 to move up and down in the cylinder 443 and clamp the bolts in the cylinder 443 to prevent the bolts from falling out of the cylinder 443; a fixing column 442 is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 443, and a disc 441 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing column 442.

[0053] The clamping assembly 430 includes a clamping plate 431 for clamping the bolts in the storage assembly 440, and a fixing rod 432 for fixing the clamping plate 431 in the storage assembly 440 is fixedly installed on the plate body of the clamping plate 431; therefore, when it is necessary to heat treat the bolts after the treatment in step 2, the bolts can be placed in the cylinder 443, and then the two fixing rods 432 on the top of the clamping plate 431 can be moved along the slide groove 444 into the cylinder 443 to fix the bolts in the cylinder 443; then, the second motor 510 drives the screw rod 530 to rotate, so that the cylinder 443 can be moved to the top of the heat treatment box 200.

[0054] The threaded rod 422 is then driven to rotate by the first motor 421, and the transmission shaft 424 can be controlled to rotate under the meshing connection of the first bevel gear 423 and the second bevel gear 425, so that the movable plate 426 can be moved downward along the shaft of the transmission shaft 424, and the cylinder 443 can be driven to enter the heat treatment box 200 for heat treatment; in the same treatment method, the bolts after heat treatment in the cylinder 443 are placed in the cooling box 300 for cooling, and then the bolts can be quickly cooled; and the cooling box 300 uses pickling to remove rust on the surface of the raw material. Rust is an unusable material and covers the surface of the raw material, affecting the subsequent treatment of the raw material. Hydrochloric acid reacts chemically with rust, and the rust dissolves in the hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid with a mass fraction of 25% will evaporate from the surface of the raw material after cleaning the surface of the raw material, avoiding acid residue.

[0055] Step 4: Grinding and polishing to remove sharp edges and burrs on the outer surface of the bolt; rough grinding the heat-treated bolt to remove surface oxides and roughness to improve appearance quality and dimensional accuracy. The through groove is made using tools such as a machine bed and a grindstone; the machine bed and grindstone belong to the prior art, so the present invention does not impose too many restrictions.

[0056] Step five, turning, turning the ground and polished bolts, that is, processing the threads and other special shapes as required; turning is usually performed using tools such as lathes; the bolt processing method forms threads on the bolt body by adopting a warm rolling method. When the threads are processed by the warm rolling method, the bolt blank can be heated, so that the surface hardness of the bolt blank is reduced, the fluidity of the bolt blank is increased, and it is convenient to roll the bolt body through a thread rolling wheel to form threads, which significantly reduces the cracks and folds on the bolts during the forming process and improves the fatigue resistance of the bolts.

[0057] Step six, fine grinding, fine grinding of the bolts after turning to improve surface quality and dimensional accuracy; fine grinding uses grinding tools such as grindstones, grinding wheels, etc. for detailed processing.

[0058] Step seven, surface treatment and inspection, surface treatment is performed on the bolts after fine grinding; the finished bolts can be obtained.

[0059] like Fig. 9 As shown, it includes a nut 1, a screw rod 2 is fixedly installed on the right end of the nut 1, a thread is processed on the upper surface of the rod body of the screw rod 2, and a protective coating is coated on the rod body of the screw rod 2.

[0060] The protective coating is made of aluminum paint and solvent, and the solvent is ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate. The aluminum paint has the advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, elimination of the potential difference between the fastener and the connected parts, and extension of the service life of the fastener and the structure. The coating is sprayed on the surface of the bolt using a coating machine, and the sprayed bolts are placed on a stainless steel tray, evenly spread in a single layer, and then the tray is placed in a high-temperature test box, and the box door is closed to complete the final curing of the coating.

[0061] Operators can compare bolts with pre-stored design standards and technical drawings by manual measurement to determine whether the thread size of the bolt is qualified. Among them, the qualified size range corresponding to threads of different sizes has been pre-recorded in the design standards and technical drawings, so that operators can quickly compare and calculate whether the threads are qualified; operators can use micrometers to measure the major diameter of the thread, use go and no-go gauges to detect the middle diameter of the thread, and use projection measuring instruments to detect the arc size of the root and top of the thread to determine whether the rolled thread size is qualified. Among them, taking 7 / 16-20UNJF ("7 / 16" represents the outer diameter of the bolt thread, "20" represents the number of threads per inch, and "UNJF" is a thread standard jointly issued by the US National Bureau of Standards and the United Nations Organization for Standardization) as an example, a thread size standard was designed and rolled. By detecting the thread size, each size is judged to be qualified if it meets the standard tolerance requirements.

[0062] Based on the above content and the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can understand and implement the present invention. In addition, any non-creative modifications made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing fatigue-resistant engineering machinery bolts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, material preparation: select the raw materials for the bolts; Step 2: cold forging the bolt: the raw material is processed according to the requirements of the bolt length and shape, the bolt comprises a nut (1) and a screw rod (2) connected to the nut (1), and the surface of the screw rod (2) is processed with threads; Step 3: Heat treatment of bolts: heat treatment of bolts by bolt processing device to improve the hardness and strength of bolts; The bolt processing device comprises a base (100), a heat treatment box (200) for heating the bolts is arranged at the top of the base (100), a cooling box (300) for cooling the bolts is arranged on the left side of the heat treatment box (200), a storage device (400) for storing the bolts is arranged above the heat treatment box (200), and a driving device (500) for driving the storage device (400) to move left and right is arranged at the top of the storage device (400); The storage device (400) comprises a storage assembly (440) for storing bolts, a pressing assembly (430) for pressing the bolts in the storage assembly (440) is arranged inside the storage assembly (440), an adjusting assembly (420) for driving the pressing assembly (430) to move up and down is arranged above the pressing assembly (430), and a moving assembly (410) for driving the pressing assembly (430) to move left and right is arranged above the adjusting assembly (420); The moving assembly (410) comprises a threaded sleeve (411) threadedly connected to the screw rod (530) for left-right movement, and a fixed frame (412) for placing the adjustment assembly (420) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the threaded sleeve (411); The adjustment component (420) comprises a transmission shaft (424) arranged in a fixed frame (412) for rotation, a second bevel gear (425) being arranged on the shaft body of the transmission shaft (424), a first bevel gear (423) for meshing with the second bevel gear (425) being arranged on the left side of the second bevel gear (425), a threaded rod (422) for driving the first bevel gear (423) to rotate being fixedly mounted on the left end of the first bevel gear (423), a first motor (421) for driving the threaded rod (422) to rotate being arranged on the left end of the threaded rod (422), a moving plate (426) for moving up and down in the fixed frame (412) being threadedly connected to the rod body of the transmission shaft (424), and a connecting rod (427) for driving the storage component (440) to move up and down being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the moving plate (426); The pressing assembly (430) comprises a pressing plate (431) for pressing the bolts in the storage assembly (440); a fixing rod (432) for fixing the pressing plate (431) in the storage assembly (440) is fixedly mounted on the plate body of the pressing plate (431); The storage assembly (440) comprises a cylinder (443) for placing bolts, a slide groove (444) for allowing the fixing rod (432) to move up and down is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder (443), a fixing column (442) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the cylinder (443), and a disc (441) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the fixing column (442); The driving device (500) comprises a screw rod (530) arranged above the base (100) for driving the moving assembly (410) to move left and right, a second motor (510) for driving the screw rod (530) to rotate is fixedly mounted on the right end of the screw rod (530), and guide rods (520) for guiding the moving assembly (410) are arranged at the front and rear ends of the screw rod (530); Step 4: Grinding and polishing: remove sharp edges and burrs on the outer surface of the bolt; Step 5, turning: turning the ground and polished bolts; Step 6, fine grinding: fine grinding the bolts after turning; Step 7, surface treatment and inspection: Apply protective coating to the surface of the bolt after fine grinding; compare the bolt with the pre-stored design standards and technical sample drawings through manual measurement to determine whether the thread size of the bolt is qualified.

2. The method for processing anti-fatigue engineering machinery bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first support plate (101) and a second support plate (102) for assisting the driving device (500) are fixedly mounted on the top end of the base (100).

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