A method and device for online monitoring and fault identification of high voltage circuit breaker status

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker fault identification, and in particular to a method and device for online monitoring and fault identification of a high-voltage circuit breaker state. The method comprises the following steps: by deploying current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors at key parts of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and collecting working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time and monitoring the working state online, until the online working state of the circuit breaker is an abnormal working state of the switch; when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is an abnormal working state of the switch, the limit resistance is calculated and visualized based on the abnormal working state of the switch to generate a circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve; the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve is obtained and fault identification is performed to obtain the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type, including poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault. The present invention can accurately monitor the online fault conditions of high-voltage circuit breakers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker fault identification, and in particular to a method and device for online monitoring of high-voltage circuit breaker status and fault identification. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, the online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breakers are key technologies to ensure the safe operation of the power grid and prevent faults. With the development of information technology, the online monitoring and fault identification methods of high-voltage circuit breakers based on big data analysis and artificial intelligence have emerged and become an important means to improve the reliability and safety of power systems. First, the use of big data analysis technology can realize the real-time collection and deep mining of high-voltage circuit breaker operation data. By monitoring the current, voltage, temperature and other parameters of the circuit breaker and combining historical data for analysis, the operating status and health of the circuit breaker can be accurately judged. Secondly, combined with artificial intelligence technology, such as machine learning and pattern recognition algorithms, efficient fault diagnosis models are established. These models can automatically identify abnormal behaviors and potential fault modes of circuit breakers, provide early warnings and rapid responses, thereby effectively reducing the impact of faults on the power grid. However, traditional high-voltage circuit breaker fault identification methods mainly rely on regular inspections and manual detection, which often have problems such as low monitoring frequency and low fault diagnosis accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary for the present invention to provide a method and device for online monitoring of high-voltage circuit breaker status and fault identification to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a method for online monitoring and fault identification of a high voltage circuit breaker state comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: by deploying current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors at key positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and collecting working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors, so as to obtain real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker;

[0006] Step S2: performing current harmonic change characteristic analysis on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current; performing voltage waveform change characteristic analysis on the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker working to obtain the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage; performing online monitoring of the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the online working state of the circuit breaker, wherein the online working state of the circuit breaker includes the switch closed working state, the switch open working state and the switch abnormal working state;

[0007] Step S3: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continuously monitored online until the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch abnormal working state;

[0008] Step S4: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the limit resistance of the real-time working current data, the real-time working voltage data and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range is calculated and visualized based on the abnormal working state of the switch, so as to generate a limit resistance change curve of the abnormal state of the circuit breaker;

[0009] Step S5: obtaining a standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base; performing fault identification on the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, and obtaining the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type, wherein the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type includes poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault.

[0010] The present invention firstly selects appropriate current, voltage and temperature sensors, deploys them on the key parts of the pre-determined high-voltage circuit breaker and constructs a corresponding monitoring network, which can effectively capture the working data of the circuit breaker. The construction of the monitoring network ensures that the sensors can work stably and reliably, thereby providing an accurate data source for subsequent data processing and analysis. The key to this step is to establish a complete monitoring network, which can improve the ability of circuit breaker fault detection and prevention, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of power grid operation. At the same time, by using the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the monitoring network to collect the working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, the real-time working parameters of the circuit breaker during operation can be obtained. The real-time working parameters collected in real time can reflect the actual working conditions of the circuit breaker, and the obtained real-time data not only supports the real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, but also provides a scientific basis for the subsequent processing process, optimizes the power grid operation management strategy, and thus improves the overall frequency and safety of online monitoring of the power system. The current harmonic change characteristics of the real-time current data of the circuit breaker are also analyzed to obtain detailed characteristic data of the current harmonics during the circuit breaker operation. This step can not only reveal the nonlinear components and harmonic components in the current through current harmonic analysis, but also evaluate the stability and spectrum characteristics of the current waveform. This detailed characteristic analysis helps to identify potential abnormal current behavior, such as excessive harmonics or abnormal spectrum distribution, and provides an important basis for subsequent working status monitoring and equipment fault diagnosis. The voltage waveform change characteristics of the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker are analyzed to identify and quantify various characteristics of the voltage waveform, including evaluating the peak value of the voltage waveform, waveform distortion, and periodic stability changes. The results of the voltage waveform characteristic analysis can provide key voltage quality information, help understand the actual situation of voltage changes under power grid conditions, and thus optimize the operation and maintenance strategies of the equipment. The working status of the high-voltage circuit breaker is monitored online by combining the current harmonic change characteristic data and the voltage waveform change characteristic data obtained during the operation of the circuit breaker. This step realizes accurate monitoring and identification of the working status of the circuit breaker by setting reasonable judgment standards, such as the changing trend of fluctuations, etc. When the change pattern of the current harmonics and voltage waveforms is monitored to be fluctuating within a certain range, it can be confirmed that the circuit breaker is in a normal switch closed state; if the change pattern shows a tendency to be flat or stable, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in a disconnected state; and when fluctuations that exceed the standard or suddenly change drastically are monitored, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state and needs further inspection and processing. In this way, by deeply analyzing the changing characteristics and patterns of current harmonics and voltage waveforms, the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment can be effectively improved, so that the specific results of the current working status of the high-voltage circuit breaker can be accurately monitored.Then, by determining that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continued to be monitored online to continuously monitor the working state of the circuit breaker until the abnormal working state of the switch is detected. This step ensures that any abnormal conditions that affect the normal operation of the circuit breaker can be responded to and captured in a timely manner, thereby reducing potential equipment damage or accident risks. Next, by determining that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time current data, the real-time voltage data and the real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range are calculated based on the abnormal working state of the switch. The purpose is to analyze the actual electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal conditions. The limit resistance calculation is to accurately calculate and simulate the current and voltage data to obtain the actual value of the internal limit resistance of the circuit breaker. This data reflects the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. Changes, can help engineers evaluate the safe working range and potential risks of the circuit breaker, and provide an important basis for subsequent safety assessment and operation optimization. The actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker in abnormal state is also visualized to intuitively show the change trend of the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker in abnormal working state. Visualization can show the complex data change trend in an intuitive chart form, helping engineers and operation and maintenance personnel to quickly understand and analyze the changes in the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker during abnormal operation. This process not only helps to timely discover and diagnose the abnormal state of the circuit breaker, but also provides important references for equipment maintenance and performance optimization, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and the safe operation of the equipment. Finally, by obtaining the standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, this step is the basis for establishing fault diagnosis. By collecting and analyzing the resistance change data of the circuit breaker in normal working state, a standard resistance curve is formed, and the first fault threshold and second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are set according to the preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base. These thresholds will serve as the basis for subsequent fault diagnosis.In addition, fault identification is performed on the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state limit resistance change curve of the circuit breaker and the normal state resistance standard change curve of the circuit breaker in the same time frame length based on the preset first fault threshold and second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, so that different fault types existing in the switch in the abnormal working state can be accurately identified according to the size relationship between the distance value and the first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance. When the distance value is less than the first fault threshold, it is identified as a poor contact fault; when the distance value is between the first and second fault thresholds, it is identified as an arc fault; and when the distance value is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold, it is identified as an internal overload fault. This fault identification method based on characteristic vector distance value combines statistical and machine learning technical means, and can efficiently realize the automatic diagnosis and classification of circuit breaker faults, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of high-voltage circuit breaker fault diagnosis.

[0011] Preferably, the present invention also provides a high-voltage circuit breaker status online monitoring and fault identification device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer control program is used to execute the high-voltage circuit breaker status online monitoring and fault identification method as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof made with reference to the following drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of the method for online monitoring and fault identification of a high-voltage circuit breaker state according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Detailed step flow diagram of step S1;

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Detailed step flow chart of step S12 in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical method of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] To achieve this, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a method for online monitoring and fault identification of a high voltage circuit breaker state, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: by deploying current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors at key positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and collecting working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors, so as to obtain real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker;

[0019] Step S2: performing current harmonic change characteristic analysis on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current; performing voltage waveform change characteristic analysis on the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker working to obtain the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage; performing online monitoring of the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the online working state of the circuit breaker, wherein the online working state of the circuit breaker includes the switch closed working state, the switch open working state and the switch abnormal working state;

[0020] Step S3: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continuously monitored online until the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch abnormal working state;

[0021] Step S4: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the limit resistance of the real-time working current data, the real-time working voltage data and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range is calculated and visualized based on the abnormal working state of the switch, so as to generate a limit resistance change curve of the abnormal state of the circuit breaker;

[0022] Step S5: obtaining a standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base; performing fault identification on the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, and obtaining the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type, wherein the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type includes poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method for online monitoring and fault identification of the high-voltage circuit breaker state of the present invention. In this example, the method for online monitoring and fault identification of the high-voltage circuit breaker state includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: by deploying current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors at key positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and collecting working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors, so as to obtain real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker;

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic field strength in the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker is simulated by using electromagnetic field simulation software, so as to use the simulation software to simulate and calculate the electromagnetic field distribution around the high-voltage circuit breaker, thereby obtaining a detailed electromagnetic field simulation scene, and based on the electromagnetic field simulation scene, the key connection points of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker are determined to find the most critical electrical connection points inside or around the circuit breaker. At the same time, high-precision, high-voltage resistant and anti-interference capable current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors are selected and deployed at the determined key connection points, and the monitoring network is connected to the data acquisition unit to establish a complete A monitoring network is established to enable it to monitor the working status of the circuit breaker in real time and obtain the necessary electrical parameter data. Then, the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network are used to collect the sensor signals of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, so as to capture and record the sensor signal changes of various working parameters of the circuit breaker in real time, and transmit them to the data acquisition unit in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network. The original sensor signal data is formatted and processed to generate standardized real-time working data that can be analyzed and stored, and finally the real-time current data, real-time voltage data and real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker are obtained.

[0026] Step S2: performing current harmonic change characteristic analysis on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current; performing voltage waveform change characteristic analysis on the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker working to obtain the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage; performing online monitoring of the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the online working state of the circuit breaker, wherein the online working state of the circuit breaker includes the switch closed working state, the switch open working state and the switch abnormal working state;

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, harmonic transformation analysis is performed on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker by using methods such as Fourier transformation or wavelet transformation, so as to convert the current signal in the time domain into the frequency domain, and statistical analysis is performed to obtain the amplitude, phase information and overall distortion rate of each harmonic order, so as to obtain the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current. At the same time, time series analysis is performed on the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker to obtain the specific voltage value of the circuit breaker working voltage at each time point, and a waveform chart of the voltage changing with time is drawn, and the generated voltage waveform change curve chart is statistically analyzed by using a characteristic analysis method to extract key characteristic parameters from the voltage waveform, such as the peak value of the waveform, the waveform factor, the waveform distortion degree, etc., so as to obtain the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change characteristic data. Then, the characteristic change patterns of the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working obtained by the previous analysis are identified and analyzed by using the change pattern recognition method, so as to identify and analyze the specific change patterns of the current harmonics and voltage waveforms of the circuit breaker when working, and the current harmonic change pattern and the voltage waveform change pattern are monitored and judged on the working state online according to the preset circuit breaker working state change pattern judgment standard. The preset judgment standard includes that if the current harmonic change pattern and the voltage waveform change pattern both fluctuate within a certain range and meet the preset range of the normal working state, then it is judged that the high voltage breaker is working properly. The online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state; if the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode show a flat or stable state, which exceeds the range of the normal working state, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be the switch disconnected working state; and if the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode show excessive fluctuations or sudden large changes, which indicates that there is an abnormality in the equipment or the power grid, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be the switch abnormal working state, and finally the determined switch closed working state, switch disconnected working state and switch abnormal working state are combined to obtain the circuit breaker online working state.

[0028] Step S3: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continuously monitored online until the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch abnormal working state;

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is a switch closed working state or a switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker continues to be monitored online to continuously monitor the working state of the circuit breaker until it is detected that the online working state of the circuit breaker is an abnormal switch working state.

[0030] Step S4: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the limit resistance of the real-time working current data, the real-time working voltage data and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range is calculated and visualized based on the abnormal working state of the switch, so as to generate a limit resistance change curve of the abnormal state of the circuit breaker;

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is an abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time current data, the real-time voltage data and the real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker are synchronized in the time series by using a timing synchronization mechanism to ensure that they have the same corresponding time point, and the specific working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch is measured and determined to identify the time period range of the circuit breaker at the beginning and end of the abnormal working state, and the circuit breaker working current data, circuit breaker working voltage data and circuit breaker working temperature data obtained after the timing synchronization processing are divided into intervals according to the determined working time range. For example, assuming that a high-voltage circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state, starting from 12:00 and ending at 13:00, then according to this time range, the current, voltage and temperature data of the circuit breaker with timing synchronization are intercepted from the overall data and marked as data within the abnormal working time range, and then, the resistance correction is performed on the circuit breaker working current data, circuit breaker working voltage data and circuit breaker working temperature data within the abnormal working time range. Calculation, this process involves analyzing the physical and electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker circuit to determine the changes in the circuit resistance of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. For example, based on the current and voltage data within the abnormal working time range, Ohm's law is used to calculate the circuit resistance value at each time point. Assuming that the current at a certain time point is 100A and the voltage is 120V, according to Ohm's law, the circuit resistance is 1.2 ohms. By considering the influence of the working temperature on the circuit resistance, a correction calculation is required to obtain the actual circuit limit resistance value. At the same time, these corrected circuit limit resistance values ​​are merged according to time points. The calculated circuit limit resistance change data is also plotted using a visual chart tool to show the change trend of the circuit resistance of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. The circuit limit resistance change data is plotted into a line chart or a curve chart along the time axis, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing the circuit limit resistance value. Each data point represents the circuit limit resistance value at a specific time point, so as to intuitively understand the fluctuation of the circuit limit resistance of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions, and finally generate a circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve.

[0032] Step S5: obtaining a standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base; performing fault identification on the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, and obtaining the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type, wherein the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type includes poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, actual measurement or mirror analysis is performed to obtain the normal working state of the circuit breaker mirrored under the same conditions as the time range dimension of the abnormal working state of the switch, and the resistance change of the circuit breaker under the normal working state is measured, and the corresponding standard resistance change curve under the normal state is drawn and established, thereby obtaining the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve. The first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are set according to the preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base. These thresholds are set according to the actual working experience of the circuit breaker, the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, and the historical data of the circuit breaker failure in actual use. For example, for a specific model of high-voltage circuit breaker, the first fault threshold can be set to a certain resistance threshold, indicating that when the resistance of the circuit breaker is lower than this value, there is a poor contact fault, and when it exceeds this value, it indicates a more serious arc or internal overload fault; in order to more accurately identify the occurrence of arc or internal overload faults, the second fault threshold is set to another resistance threshold, thereby obtaining the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance. By setting the time frame length of the resistance change and using the Euclidean distance measurement calculation method to quantify the distance between the characteristic vectors of each frame for the corresponding circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve, the characteristic vector distance value between the resistance change and the normal state of the high-voltage circuit breaker in each time frame length of the abnormal working state is quantitatively calculated. Then, by combining the previously preset circuit breaker resistance first fault threshold and the circuit breaker resistance second fault threshold, the characteristic vector distance value obtained by the quantitative calculation is compared and judged to accurately identify different types of circuit breaker fault conditions. If the characteristic vector distance value is less than the circuit breaker resistance first fault threshold, it means that the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is small, and the fault will not be caused by any influencing factors, and the fault is caused by poor contact at the switch. If the resistance caused by the characteristic vector distance value is temporarily changed, the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as a poor contact fault; if the characteristic vector distance value is greater than or equal to the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and less than the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, it means that the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is moderate, which means that there is a risk of fault caused by arcing, and the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as an arc fault; and if the characteristic vector distance value is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, it means that the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state fluctuates greatly, which means that a serious overload has occurred inside the circuit breaker, and finally the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as an internal overload fault, and finally the poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault are combined to obtain the fault type of the circuit breaker abnormal state.

[0034] The present invention firstly selects appropriate current, voltage and temperature sensors, deploys them on the key parts of the pre-determined high-voltage circuit breaker and constructs a corresponding monitoring network, which can effectively capture the working data of the circuit breaker. The construction of the monitoring network ensures that the sensors can work stably and reliably, thereby providing an accurate data source for subsequent data processing and analysis. The key to this step is to establish a complete monitoring network, which can improve the ability of circuit breaker fault detection and prevention, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of power grid operation. At the same time, by using the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the monitoring network to collect the working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time, the real-time working parameters of the circuit breaker during operation can be obtained. The real-time working parameters collected in real time can reflect the actual working conditions of the circuit breaker, and the obtained real-time data not only supports the real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, but also provides a scientific basis for the subsequent processing process, optimizes the power grid operation management strategy, and thus improves the overall frequency and safety of online monitoring of the power system. The current harmonic change characteristics of the real-time current data of the circuit breaker are also analyzed to obtain detailed characteristic data of the current harmonics during the circuit breaker operation. This step can not only reveal the nonlinear components and harmonic components in the current through current harmonic analysis, but also evaluate the stability and spectrum characteristics of the current waveform. This detailed characteristic analysis helps to identify potential abnormal current behavior, such as excessive harmonics or abnormal spectrum distribution, and provides an important basis for subsequent working status monitoring and equipment fault diagnosis. The voltage waveform change characteristics of the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker are analyzed to identify and quantify various characteristics of the voltage waveform, including evaluating the peak value of the voltage waveform, waveform distortion, and periodic stability changes. The results of the voltage waveform characteristic analysis can provide key voltage quality information, help understand the actual situation of voltage changes under power grid conditions, and thus optimize the operation and maintenance strategies of the equipment. The working status of the high-voltage circuit breaker is monitored online by combining the current harmonic change characteristic data and the voltage waveform change characteristic data obtained during the operation of the circuit breaker. This step realizes accurate monitoring and identification of the working status of the circuit breaker by setting reasonable judgment standards, such as the changing trend of fluctuations, etc. When the change pattern of the current harmonics and voltage waveforms is monitored to be fluctuating within a certain range, it can be confirmed that the circuit breaker is in a normal switch closed state; if the change pattern shows a tendency to be flat or stable, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in a disconnected state; and when fluctuations that exceed the standard or suddenly change drastically are monitored, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state and needs further inspection and processing. In this way, by deeply analyzing the changing characteristics and patterns of current harmonics and voltage waveforms, the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment can be effectively improved, so that the specific results of the current working status of the high-voltage circuit breaker can be accurately monitored.Then, by determining that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continued to be monitored online to continuously monitor the working state of the circuit breaker until the abnormal working state of the switch is detected. This step ensures that any abnormal conditions that affect the normal operation of the circuit breaker can be responded to and captured in a timely manner, thereby reducing potential equipment damage or accident risks. Next, by determining that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time current data, the real-time voltage data and the real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range are calculated based on the abnormal working state of the switch. The purpose is to analyze the actual electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal conditions. The limit resistance calculation is to accurately calculate and simulate the current and voltage data to obtain the actual value of the internal limit resistance of the circuit breaker. This data reflects the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. Changes, can help engineers evaluate the safe working range and potential risks of the circuit breaker, and provide an important basis for subsequent safety assessment and operation optimization. The actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker in abnormal state is also visualized to intuitively show the change trend of the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker in abnormal working state. Visualization can show the complex data change trend in an intuitive chart form, helping engineers and operation and maintenance personnel to quickly understand and analyze the changes in the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker during abnormal operation. This process not only helps to timely discover and diagnose the abnormal state of the circuit breaker, but also provides important references for equipment maintenance and performance optimization, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and the safe operation of the equipment. Finally, by obtaining the standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, this step is the basis for establishing fault diagnosis. By collecting and analyzing the resistance change data of the circuit breaker in normal working state, a standard resistance curve is formed, and the first fault threshold and second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are set according to the preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base. These thresholds will serve as the basis for subsequent fault diagnosis.In addition, fault identification is performed on the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state limit resistance change curve of the circuit breaker and the normal state resistance standard change curve of the circuit breaker in the same time frame length based on the preset first fault threshold and second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, so that different fault types existing in the switch in the abnormal working state can be accurately identified according to the size relationship between the distance value and the first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance. When the distance value is less than the first fault threshold, it is identified as a poor contact fault; when the distance value is between the first and second fault thresholds, it is identified as an arc fault; and when the distance value is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold, it is identified as an internal overload fault. This fault identification method based on characteristic vector distance value combines statistical and machine learning technical means, and can efficiently realize the automatic diagnosis and classification of circuit breaker faults, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of high-voltage circuit breaker fault diagnosis.

[0035] Preferably, step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step S11: performing electromagnetic field simulation on the high-voltage circuit breaker by using electromagnetic field simulation software to obtain an electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0037] Step S12: determining the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0038] Step S13: by selecting high-precision, high-voltage-resistant and anti-interference-capable current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors to be deployed at the key conductive connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and connecting and building a monitoring network with the data acquisition unit, a high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network is obtained;

[0039] Step S14: collecting sensor signals of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network to obtain the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal;

[0040] Step S15: Transmitting the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal to the data acquisition unit in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network for signal data conversion processing to obtain the circuit breaker working real-time current data, the circuit breaker working real-time voltage data and the circuit breaker working real-time temperature data.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1Detailed step flow diagram of step S1 in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S11: performing electromagnetic field simulation on the high-voltage circuit breaker by using electromagnetic field simulation software to obtain an electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic field strength in the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker is simulated by using electromagnetic field simulation software, so as to use the simulation software to simulate and calculate the electromagnetic field distribution around the high-voltage circuit breaker, thereby obtaining a detailed electromagnetic field simulation scene. For example, assuming that a 500kV high-voltage circuit breaker is to be analyzed, first, an accurate geometric model is established in the simulation software, and simulation parameters such as current size, circuit breaker component material, etc. are set. The simulation software can perform numerical calculations on electromagnetic wave propagation based on the Maxwell equations, thereby generating an accurate distribution scene of the electric field and magnetic field around the high-voltage circuit breaker, and finally obtaining the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0044] Step S12: determining the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive key connection points in the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker are determined by combining the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by previous simulation, so as to find the most critical electrical connection points inside or around the circuit breaker, and ensure that these points can stably conduct current and withstand high voltage and electromagnetic interference. For example, according to the electromagnetic field simulation results, it is possible to identify key connection points with high current density or large electromagnetic influence at the main power input terminals, current sensor interfaces, control circuit boards and other positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and finally obtain the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0046] Step S13: by selecting high-precision, high-voltage-resistant and anti-interference-capable current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors to be deployed at the key conductive connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and connecting and building a monitoring network with the data acquisition unit, a high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network is obtained;

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, selected high-precision, high-voltage-resistant and anti-interference-capable current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors are deployed at previously determined key conductive connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and a monitoring network is connected and constructed with a data acquisition unit to establish a complete monitoring network, so that it can monitor the working status of the circuit breaker in real time and obtain necessary electrical parameter data. For example, by installing the current sensor on the main current conductor of the circuit breaker, the voltage sensor on the main power input terminal, and the temperature sensor near the key electronic components, these sensors are connected to the data acquisition unit through a pre-designed monitoring network (such as CAN bus, Modbus, etc.), ensuring that all data can be transmitted and recorded stably and accurately, and finally a high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network is constructed.

[0048] Step S14: collecting sensor signals of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network to obtain the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal;

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor signals of the high-voltage circuit breaker are collected in real time by using the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network, so as to capture and record the changes of various working parameters of the circuit breaker in real time. For example, the current sensor can continuously monitor the current change signal inside the circuit breaker, the voltage sensor can record the voltage fluctuation signal of the main power input terminal in real time, and the temperature sensor can timely sense the temperature change signal of the key components, and finally obtain the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal.

[0050] Step S15: Transmitting the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal to the data acquisition unit in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network for signal data conversion processing to obtain the circuit breaker working real-time current data, the circuit breaker working real-time voltage data and the circuit breaker working real-time temperature data.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, sensor change signals such as circuit breaker working current sensor signals, circuit breaker working voltage sensor signals and circuit breaker working temperature sensor signals obtained by monitoring various sensors are transmitted to a data acquisition unit in a high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network, and the original sensor signal data is formatted and processed by using the data acquisition unit to generate standardized real-time working data that can be analyzed and stored, and finally the circuit breaker working real-time current data, circuit breaker working real-time voltage data and circuit breaker working real-time temperature data are obtained.

[0052] The present invention first uses electromagnetic field simulation software to simulate the electromagnetic field of the high-voltage circuit breaker, which can accurately calculate and predict the electromagnetic field distribution inside the high-voltage circuit breaker, including the intensity and distribution of the electric field and magnetic field. The key to this step is the electromagnetic distribution simulation field data obtained by simulation, which can provide accurate basic data for subsequent design optimization. Specifically, the simulation results can help engineers evaluate the electromagnetic performance of different design schemes, discover potential electromagnetic interference problems, and guide the determination of subsequent conductive key connection points and sensor deployment. Secondly, by determining the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the electric field and magnetic field distribution in the simulation data can be analyzed to find the area with high current, voltage and power density. The key to this step can improve the reliability and efficiency of the circuit breaker and reduce the potential risk of thermal runaway and arc faults. At the same time, determining the conductive key connection points is helpful for the subsequent sensor deployment and the construction of the monitoring network to achieve real-time monitoring and control of the working state of the circuit breaker. Then, by deploying high-precision, high-voltage and anti-interference sensors and building a monitoring network, it is the basis for realizing real-time monitoring and data acquisition of circuit breakers. By selecting appropriate current, voltage and temperature sensors and deploying them at predetermined conductive key connection parts, the working data of the circuit breaker can be effectively captured. The construction of the monitoring network ensures that the sensors can work stably and reliably, and can effectively transmit data to the data acquisition unit, providing an accurate data source for subsequent data processing and analysis. The key to this step is to establish a complete monitoring network, which can improve the ability of circuit breaker fault detection and prevention, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of power grid operation. Next, by real-time acquisition of signals from current, voltage and temperature sensors, the real-time working parameters of the circuit breaker during operation can be obtained. These sensor signals are key data for evaluating the working status of the circuit breaker, including the magnitude and waveform of the current, the stability of the voltage and the trend of temperature changes. The sensor signals collected in real time can reflect the actual working conditions of the circuit breaker, help engineers analyze and evaluate its performance, and promptly discover potential fault signs and abnormal conditions, so as to take necessary maintenance and maintenance measures to ensure the long-term reliable operation of the circuit breaker. Finally, the real-time collected current, voltage and temperature sensor signals are transmitted to the data acquisition unit for signal data conversion and processing to obtain accurate real-time data of the circuit breaker operation. The signal data conversion and processing process can ensure the stable and reliable signal transmission from the sensor to the monitoring system, and convert the original signal into current, voltage and temperature data that are easy to analyze and understand. The real-time data obtained not only supports real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, but also provides a scientific basis for subsequent processing processes, optimizes the power grid operation management strategy, and thus improves the overall efficiency and safety of the power system.

[0053] Preferably, step S12 comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step S121: analyzing the current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0055] Step S122: dividing the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker into current high-density distribution areas according to the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the current high-density distribution area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0056] Step S123: dividing the high-voltage circuit breaker into high-influence distribution areas of the magnetic field based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0057] Step S124: performing overlapping division on the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density distribution area and the high-voltage circuit breaker electromagnetic influence high-intensity distribution area to obtain a high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area;

[0058] Step S125: Determine the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area; based on the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area, mark the point of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection point of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0059] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 Detailed step flow diagram of step S12 in the embodiment, step S12 includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S121: analyzing the current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the current flow inside the high-voltage circuit breaker is analyzed by combining the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by previous simulation, so as to understand the distribution and path of the current inside the device by simulating the current flow path inside the circuit breaker, and determine the flow mode and path of the current inside the circuit breaker, including the distribution of current density and the existence of hot spots, and finally obtain the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0062] Step S122: dividing the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker into current high-density distribution areas according to the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the current high-density distribution area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker is divided into areas of high current density by combining the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by analysis to determine the high-density distribution area of ​​the current inside the circuit breaker, that is, the position and area with higher current density. For example, by extracting the current density data from the simulation results, the inside of the circuit breaker can be divided into areas to identify areas with higher current density. These areas are usually associated with critical paths of current transmission or areas of concentrated current, and finally the high-density current distribution area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.

[0064] Step S123: dividing the high-voltage circuit breaker into high-influence distribution areas of the magnetic field based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker is divided into areas of high magnetic field influence by combining the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by previous simulation, so as to determine the high-influence intensity distribution area of ​​the magnetic field around the circuit breaker, that is, the area with high magnetic field intensity or greater impact on the surrounding environment. For example, after calculating the magnetic field distribution around the high-voltage circuit breaker by simulation software, it can be determined that there are areas in certain directions or positions where the magnetic field intensity significantly exceeds the safety standard, and finally the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.

[0066] Step S124: performing overlapping division on the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density distribution area and the high-voltage circuit breaker electromagnetic influence high-intensity distribution area to obtain a high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area;

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the overlapping areas are divided into the previously divided high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density distribution area and the high-intensity electromagnetic influence distribution area to find the area where the current high density and the magnetic field high influence coexist, that is, the area where the current and magnetic field effects are both significant. For example, by comparing the spatial data of the distribution of high current density and high magnetic field influence, it is determined that there are specific areas inside or around the high-voltage circuit breaker that are affected by both the current density and the magnetic field. These overlapping areas are usually important key areas inside the circuit breaker and need to be focused on and monitored, and finally the high-voltage circuit breaker current high density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area is obtained.

[0068] Step S125: Determine the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area; based on the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area, mark the point of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection point of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, the conductive key connection position is determined for the overlapping distribution area of ​​high-voltage circuit breaker current high density-electromagnetic influence, so as to analyze the specific structure and electrical interface in the overlapping area to determine the position of the key connection point, such as the position of the connection point of the power input terminal, the control signal line, etc., so as to obtain the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area. At the same time, by combining the determined conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area, the connection point position on the overlapping distribution area of ​​high-voltage circuit breaker current high density-electromagnetic influence is marked, so as to mark the conductive key connection position corresponding to the connection between the main power input terminal of the high-voltage circuit breaker and the control circuit board as the key connection point, and finally obtain the conductive key connection point of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0070] The present invention first analyzes the current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and can accurately analyze the current dynamics and its path inside the high-voltage circuit breaker. This analysis helps to determine the flow mode and path of the current inside the circuit breaker, including the distribution of current density and the hot spots. Through the current flow path analysis, the internal electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker can be deeply understood, thereby providing basic data for subsequent electromagnetic distribution and fault analysis. Secondly, by dividing the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the current flow path inside the high-voltage circuit breaker, the purpose of this step is to determine the area with higher current density inside the circuit breaker, that is, the current high-density distribution area. These areas usually correspond to places where the current flow is blocked or concentrated, and can also be potential fault occurrence points. By dividing these areas in detail, it is helpful to understand the unevenness of current distribution and its impact on circuit breaker performance and safety. Then, by dividing the high-voltage circuit breaker's magnetic field high-impact distribution area based on the high-voltage circuit breaker's electromagnetic distribution simulation field, the purpose is to identify areas with high magnetic field intensity. These areas can be said to be affected by the flow of current, which in turn affects the electromagnetic performance and stability of the circuit breaker, thereby providing basic data guarantee for the subsequent determination of key connection points. Next, by dividing the high-voltage circuit breaker's current high-density distribution area and the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker, this analysis helps to determine the areas where the current density and electromagnetic influence overlap, that is, the common areas with high current density and magnetic field influence. These overlapping areas are usually important key areas inside the circuit breaker and need to be focused on and monitored to ensure its stability and reliability during operation. Finally, by determining the conductive key connection position based on the overlapping area and marking the point, the determination of the conductive key connection position is to ensure the stability and safety of the conductive connection of the circuit breaker in the key area. By marking these positions, sensors or other monitoring equipment can be accurately deployed to realize real-time monitoring and data collection of the circuit breaker's key working parameters. The key to this step is that it can improve the circuit breaker's operational reliability and fault prediction ability, thereby reducing the risk of equipment damage or power grid failure.

[0071] Preferably, step S123 includes the following steps:

[0072] Based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the magnetic field distribution of the high-voltage circuit breaker is analyzed to obtain the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, a distribution statistical analysis of the magnetic field distribution around the high-voltage circuit breaker is performed by combining the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by the previous simulation to simulate and calculate the magnetic field distribution range around the circuit breaker. For example, assuming that there is a 500kV high-voltage circuit breaker with multiple magnetic field sensors arranged around it, a numerical simulation of the electromagnetic field distribution can be performed by inputting the geometric shape, conductor material properties and current load data of the circuit breaker into the simulation software. The simulation results will show the change of the magnetic field intensity with distance and direction in the space around the circuit breaker, thereby forming a three-dimensional magnetic field distribution range area, and finally obtaining the magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0074] Preferably, the magnetic field direction is analyzed on the magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the magnetic field distribution direction around the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0075] In an embodiment of the present invention, a further magnetic field direction analysis is performed on the previously determined magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker to determine the main direction of the electromagnetic field in space, which usually involves analyzing the vector direction or dominant direction of the magnetic field. For example, by extracting magnetic field data from the simulation results, the main direction of the electromagnetic field in the space around the high-voltage circuit breaker can be calculated and determined, which refers to the direction of maximum change of the magnetic field or the direction of propagation of the maximum magnetic induction intensity, and finally the magnetic field distribution direction around the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.

[0076] Preferably, a magnetic induction intensity statistical analysis is performed on the magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic induction intensity statistical method is used to perform a statistical analysis on the magnetic induction intensity at each distribution position within the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker, so as to statistically quantify the intensity level of each distribution position in the magnetic field, and finally obtain the magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0078] Preferably, an electromagnetic impact assessment and analysis is performed on the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the magnetic field distribution direction and the magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the electromagnetic impact intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker;

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, an impact assessment algorithm is used to evaluate and analyze the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker by combining the analyzed magnetic field distribution direction and the magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker, so as to comprehensively consider the spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field to evaluate its potential impact on the surrounding environment and equipment, and finally obtain the electromagnetic impact intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0080] Preferably, the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker is divided into high-influence intensity areas according to the electromagnetic influence intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic influence intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker obtained by quantitative calculation is combined to divide the magnetic field distribution range area around the corresponding high-voltage circuit breaker into high-influence intensity areas, so as to identify areas with particularly high electromagnetic influence intensity. For example, if the electromagnetic influence assessment shows that in certain specific directions or positions, the magnetic field intensity obviously exceeds the safety standard or the tolerance capacity of the equipment, these areas will be divided into high-influence intensity areas, and finally the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker is obtained.

[0082] The present invention first analyzes the magnetic field distribution of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker in order to understand in detail the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnetic field around the circuit breaker. This step can not only determine the range of the magnetic field distribution, but also identify the existing magnetic field anomalies or concentrated distribution areas. Through simulation analysis, key magnetic field distribution data can be obtained to help the design team further optimize the structural layout and material selection of the circuit breaker to minimize the negative impact of the magnetic field on the operating stability and electromagnetic compatibility of the circuit breaker. Secondly, with the confirmation of the magnetic field distribution range, the magnetic field direction analysis of the magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker is carried out to determine the main propagation direction of the magnetic field and its changing trend. Through the magnetic field direction analysis, the spatial positioning characteristics of the magnetic field can be understood, including the existing magnetic field gradient and direction changes. This information is crucial for evaluating the propagation path and influence range of the magnetic field in the circuit breaker and its surrounding environment, and helps to optimize circuit design and reduce the risk of electromagnetic interference. Then, by conducting a statistical analysis of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker, the purpose is to quantify the intensity level of the magnetic field. This step can obtain the specific value of the magnetic induction intensity through precise intensity statistical analysis, and then evaluate its potential impact on the surrounding environment and equipment. This quantitative analysis can reveal the existence of magnetic field anomalies or high-intensity areas, thereby providing an important basis for subsequent electromagnetic compatibility design and interference control. Next, by conducting an electromagnetic impact assessment analysis on the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the magnetic field distribution direction and magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker, the purpose is to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive impact of the magnetic field on the high-voltage circuit breaker and its surrounding area. This step involves combining the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnetic field with the electromagnetic characteristics of the circuit breaker to analyze the corresponding electromagnetic interference or mutual inductance phenomenon, which can help predict the potential risks of electromagnetic influence on equipment stability and performance, and provide a scientific basis for equipment protection and operational safety. Finally, the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker is divided into high-influence intensity areas according to the electromagnetic influence intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker. The purpose of this step is to identify and define areas with high electromagnetic influence intensity, that is, areas around the high-voltage circuit breaker that may be affected by electromagnetic interference or mutual inductance, thereby providing basic data guarantee for the subsequent determination of key connection points.

[0083] Preferably, step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0084] Step S21: analyzing the current harmonic variation characteristics of the circuit breaker working real-time current data to obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic variation characteristic data;

[0085] In an embodiment of the present invention, harmonic transformation analysis is performed on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker by using methods such as Fourier transform or wavelet transform to convert the current signal in the time domain into the frequency domain, and statistical analysis is performed to obtain the amplitude, phase information, and overall distortion rate of each harmonic order, and finally the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current is obtained.

[0086] Step S22: plotting a voltage waveform change curve for the circuit breaker working real-time voltage data to generate a circuit breaker working voltage waveform change curve diagram;

[0087] In an embodiment of the present invention, a time series analysis is performed on the real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker to obtain the specific voltage value of the circuit breaker working voltage at each time point, and a waveform chart of the voltage changing with time is drawn by using a change curve drawing tool to display the waveform characteristics of the voltage signal, and finally a circuit breaker working voltage waveform change curve chart is generated.

[0088] Step S23: analyzing the voltage waveform change characteristics of the circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change curve diagram to obtain circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change characteristic data;

[0089] In an embodiment of the present invention, a characteristic analysis method is used to perform statistical analysis on the generated circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change curve diagram to extract key characteristic parameters from the voltage waveform, such as the peak value, waveform factor, waveform distortion, etc. of the waveform, so as to fully understand the quality and fluctuation characteristics of the voltage signal, and finally obtain the circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change characteristic data.

[0090] Step S24: performing change pattern recognition analysis on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic change pattern and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change pattern;

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, a change pattern recognition method is used to identify and analyze the characteristic change patterns of the circuit breaker working current harmonic change characteristic data and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change characteristic data obtained by previous analysis, so as to identify and analyze the specific change patterns of the current harmonics and voltage waveforms of the circuit breaker when working, such as periodic changes, sudden changes or continuous stable fluctuations, and finally obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic change pattern and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change pattern.

[0092] Step S25: Perform online working state monitoring of the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode according to the preset circuit breaker working state change mode judgment standard. If the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to fluctuate within a certain range, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch closed working state; if the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to be tending to be flat, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch disconnected working state; if the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to have excessive fluctuations or sudden large fluctuations, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be an abnormal switch working state.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, the working state of the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode is monitored and determined online according to a preset circuit breaker working state change mode judgment standard. The preset judgment standard includes: if the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode fluctuate within a certain range and meet the preset range of the normal working state, then the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch closed working state; if the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode show a state tending to be flat or stable, exceeding the range of the normal working state, then the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch disconnected working state; and if the current harmonic change mode and the voltage waveform change mode show excessive fluctuations or sudden large changes, which indicates that there is an abnormality in the equipment or the power grid, then the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be an abnormal switch working state.

[0094] The present invention firstly analyzes the current harmonic change characteristics of the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain the detailed characteristic data of the current harmonics in the circuit breaker. This step can not only reveal the nonlinear components and harmonic components in the current through the current harmonic analysis, but also evaluate the stability and spectrum characteristics of the current waveform. This detailed characteristic analysis helps to identify potential abnormal current behavior, such as excessive harmonics or abnormal spectrum distribution, and provides an important basis for subsequent working state monitoring and equipment fault diagnosis. Secondly, by drawing a waveform change curve of the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker, the waveform characteristics of the voltage changing with time can be intuitively displayed. This step is not limited to simple waveform recording, but also by drawing voltage waveform graphs, such as the periodic changes of AC voltage or the stability changes of DC voltage, in order to fully grasp the actual change trend of voltage in the working process. The detailed characteristic analysis of the voltage waveform helps to capture voltage fluctuations, waveform distortion or abnormal frequency components, and provides data support for the voltage stability evaluation and working state analysis of the circuit breaker. Then, a detailed voltage waveform change characteristic analysis is performed on the generated circuit breaker working voltage waveform change curve, aiming to identify and quantify various characteristics of the voltage waveform, including the evaluation of the peak value, waveform distortion and periodic stability change of the voltage waveform. The results of the voltage waveform characteristic analysis can provide key voltage quality information, help understand the actual situation of voltage change under power grid conditions, and thus optimize the operation and maintenance strategy of the equipment. Next, by combining the current harmonic change characteristic data and voltage waveform change characteristic data obtained during the operation of the circuit breaker, a change pattern recognition analysis is performed. This step aims to comprehensively evaluate the working status of the circuit breaker from a multi-dimensional perspective, and infer the current working status of the equipment by identifying the change patterns of current harmonics and voltage waveforms, such as periodic changes, mutations or continuous fluctuations. Through change pattern recognition, the operation of the equipment can be monitored in real time, and potential operating abnormalities or fault signals can be discovered in advance, so that timely preventive or repair measures can be taken to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the circuit breaker. Finally, the current harmonics and voltage waveform change patterns of the circuit breaker are monitored online according to the preset working state change pattern judgment criteria. This step achieves accurate monitoring and identification of the working state of the circuit breaker by setting reasonable judgment criteria, such as the changing trend of fluctuations. When the change patterns of the current harmonics and voltage waveforms are monitored to fluctuate within a certain range, it can be confirmed that the circuit breaker is in a normal switch closed state; if the change pattern shows a tendency to be flat or stable, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in a disconnected state; and when fluctuations that exceed the standard or suddenly change drastically are monitored, it indicates that the circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state and needs further inspection and processing. In this way, by in-depth analysis of the changing characteristics and patterns of current harmonics and voltage waveforms, the operating efficiency and safety of the equipment can be effectively improved, thereby accurately monitoring the specific results of the current working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

[0095] Preferably, step S21 includes the following steps:

[0096] Step S211: performing current harmonic transformation on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain a circuit breaker working current harmonic variation curve;

[0097] In an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time current data of the circuit breaker is processed by using a current harmonic transformation analysis method to decompose the fundamental wave (usually 50 Hz or 60 Hz) and various harmonic components in the current signal, and the various frequency components in the current signal are revealed, and at the same time, a harmonic disturbance change curve of the current in the circuit breaker is obtained by drawing. For example, assuming that when the circuit breaker is working, the current sensor collects a set of data per second, these time domain current data can be converted to the frequency domain by performing harmonic analysis methods such as Fourier transform or wavelet transform. If there is a 50 Hz fundamental wave and its multiple harmonics (such as 150 Hz, 250 Hz, etc.) in the current signal, these frequency components are separated, and a spectrum diagram or a harmonic change curve of the harmonic component is drawn to finally obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic change curve.

[0098] Step S212: dividing the harmonic order of the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change curve to obtain each circuit breaker operating current harmonic change order component;

[0099] In an embodiment of the present invention, the harmonic order division is performed on the obtained circuit breaker working current harmonic change curve to separate the components of different harmonic orders, and these harmonic components are clearly divided into 2nd harmonic (100Hz), 3rd harmonic (150Hz) and 4th harmonic (200Hz) orders, each order represents an integer multiple frequency component of the fundamental frequency, and finally the harmonic change order components of each circuit breaker working current are obtained.

[0100] Step S213: performing amplitude and phase statistical analysis on the harmonic change order components of each circuit breaker operating current to obtain the amplitude and phase of each harmonic change order component;

[0101] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude and phase of the harmonic change order components of the working current of each circuit breaker are statistically calculated by using a data statistical analysis method to obtain the amplitude and phase of each harmonic order. For example, for a specific circuit breaker, it has been determined that its current harmonic change curve includes 2nd harmonic (100Hz), 3rd harmonic (150Hz) and 4th harmonic (200Hz). The peak value or effective value of each harmonic order is calculated by amplitude statistical analysis, such as the amplitude of the 2nd harmonic is 10A, the amplitude of the 3rd harmonic is 5A, and the amplitude of the 4th harmonic is 3A. The phase statistical analysis determines the phase angle of each harmonic order relative to the fundamental wave, such as the phase of the 2nd harmonic is 0 degree, the phase of the 3rd harmonic is 45 degrees, and the phase of the 4th harmonic is 90 degrees. Finally, the amplitude and phase of each harmonic change order component are obtained.

[0102] Step S214: performing quantitative calculation of the total distortion rate of each harmonic variation order component of the circuit breaker working current based on the amplitude and phase of each harmonic variation order component to obtain the total distortion rate of the harmonic variation of the circuit breaker working current;

[0103] In the embodiment of the present invention, the total distortion rate of each circuit breaker working current harmonic variation order component is quantitatively calculated by using the corresponding calculation formula by combining the amplitude and phase of each harmonic variation order component obtained by statistical analysis, wherein the total distortion rate is an important indicator for evaluating the current harmonic content and waveform distortion degree, and is usually expressed as a percentage. For example, for the current harmonics of a circuit breaker, it has been analyzed that the amplitude of the 2nd harmonic is 10A, the amplitude of the 3rd harmonic is 5A, and the amplitude of the 4th harmonic is 3A. Assuming that the effective value of the fundamental wave is 50A, the calculation formula of the total distortion rate can be: Here THD stands for total distortion rate. The calculation result will quantify the contribution ratio of each harmonic component in the current signal to the total current, and finally obtain the total distortion rate of harmonic changes in the circuit breaker working current.

[0104] Step S215: The change characteristics of the harmonic change order components, the amplitude and the phase, and the total distortion rate of the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change are combined to obtain the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change characteristic data.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present invention, by combining the amplitude, phase size and total distortion rate of harmonic changes of each harmonic change order component previously quantified and calculated, the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current are finally obtained.

[0106] The present invention firstly performs current harmonic transformation on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker in order to deeply understand the harmonic components in its current waveform. The current harmonic transformation can clearly show the distribution of each order of harmonics in the current by converting the current waveform in the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby providing basic data for subsequent harmonic analysis and evaluation. The harmonic change curve of the circuit breaker working current obtained by this step can not only reveal the harmonic frequency and amplitude information in the current, but also help identify the nonlinear load characteristics or system resonance problems therein, and then take corresponding control measures and optimization strategies to improve the power quality and operation efficiency of the power grid. Secondly, the harmonic order division of the circuit breaker working current harmonic change curve is to analyze and classify each harmonic component. Harmonics of different orders represent fluctuating components of different frequencies, and their distribution and characteristics directly reflect the complexity and stability of the current waveform. Through the harmonic order division, the proportion and importance of each harmonic order component in the total harmonic can be clarified, laying the foundation for the subsequent harmonic feature analysis and total distortion rate calculation. Then, the amplitude and phase statistical analysis of the harmonic change order components of each circuit breaker working current is carried out in order to deeply understand the actual contribution of each harmonic component in the current waveform. By statistically analyzing the amplitude and phase size of each order of harmonics, the spectral characteristics and waveform distortion of the current waveform can be accurately evaluated, thereby helping to determine the potential impact of harmonics on power grid stability and evaluate its compatibility with equipment performance. Next, the total distortion rate of the harmonic change of the circuit breaker working current is quantitatively calculated based on the amplitude and phase size of each harmonic change order component. The total distortion rate of the current harmonic change obtained by quantitative calculation can reflect the comprehensive distortion degree of all harmonic components in the current waveform, which is one of the important indicators for evaluating current quality and equipment operation stability. By calculating the total distortion rate, the overall quality of the current waveform can be comprehensively considered, thereby providing numerical support and comparison basis for the subsequent analysis of the working status of the circuit breaker. Finally, by merging the change characteristics of the amplitude and phase of each harmonic change order component and the total distortion rate of the circuit breaker working current harmonic change, this step aims to integrate and comprehensively evaluate the results of various feature analyses, which can provide a comprehensive description of current harmonic characteristics and provide in-depth insights and data support for the monitoring and management of the power system operating status. In this way, we can understand in detail the current harmonic performance of the circuit breaker under different working conditions, thereby providing effective technical support and decision-making basis for the subsequent processing process.

[0107] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0108] Step S41: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, the real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker are subjected to time-series synchronization processing to obtain the time-series synchronization data of the working current of the circuit breaker, the time-series synchronization data of the working voltage of the circuit breaker and the time-series synchronization data of the working temperature of the circuit breaker;

[0109] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is an abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time current data, the real-time voltage data and the real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker are synchronized in the time series by using a timing synchronization mechanism to ensure that they have the same corresponding time point and to align the data collected by different sensors on the time axis. For example, assuming that the circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state, there are three different sensors measuring current, voltage and temperature respectively. The current sensor collects data once per second, the voltage sensor collects data once every 0.5 seconds, and the temperature sensor collects data once every 10 seconds. The timing synchronization process needs to interpolate or align these data according to the minimum time interval (for example, every second) to ensure that there are complete current, voltage and temperature data at the same time point, and finally obtain the timing synchronization data of the circuit breaker working current, the circuit breaker working voltage and the circuit breaker working temperature.

[0110] Step S42: determining the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch, and dividing the circuit breaker working current timing synchronization data, the circuit breaker working voltage timing synchronization data and the circuit breaker working temperature timing synchronization data into time range intervals according to the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch, so as to obtain the circuit breaker working current data, the circuit breaker working voltage data and the circuit breaker working temperature data within the abnormal working time range interval;

[0111] In an embodiment of the present invention, the specific working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch is measured and determined to identify the time period range of the circuit breaker at the beginning and end of the abnormal working state, thereby obtaining the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch. At the same time, the corresponding circuit breaker working current timing synchronization data, circuit breaker working voltage timing synchronization data and circuit breaker working temperature timing synchronization data are divided into intervals according to the determined working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch. For example, assuming that a high-voltage circuit breaker is in an abnormal working state, starting from 12:00 and ending at 13:00, then according to this time range, the current, voltage and temperature data of the circuit breaker with timing synchronization are intercepted from the overall data and marked as data within the abnormal working time range, and finally the circuit breaker working current data, circuit breaker working voltage data and circuit breaker working temperature data within the abnormal working time range are obtained.

[0112] Step S43: calculating the limit resistance of the circuit breaker operating current data, circuit breaker operating voltage data and circuit breaker operating temperature data within the abnormal working time range to obtain actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state;

[0113] In an embodiment of the present invention, by performing resistance correction calculation on the circuit breaker working current data, circuit breaker working voltage data and circuit breaker working temperature data within the abnormal working time range, this process involves analyzing the physical and electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker circuit to determine the changes in the circuit resistance of the circuit breaker under the abnormal working state. For example, according to the current and voltage data within the abnormal working time range, Ohm's law is used to calculate the circuit resistance value at each time point. Assuming that the current at a certain time point is 100A and the voltage is 120V, according to Ohm's law, the circuit resistance is 1.2 ohms, and by taking into account the influence of the working temperature on the circuit resistance, correction calculation is required to obtain the actual circuit limit resistance value. At the same time, these corrected circuit limit resistance values ​​are merged according to the time point to finally obtain the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state.

[0114] Step S44: Visualize and draw the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state to generate a limit resistance change curve of the circuit breaker abnormal state.

[0115] In an embodiment of the present invention, a visualization chart tool is used to plot the calculated actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker in an abnormal state, so as to show the change trend of the circuit resistance of the circuit breaker in an abnormal working state. For example, the actual limit resistance change data of the abnormal state can be plotted into a line chart or a curve chart according to the time axis, the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents the circuit limit resistance value, and each data point represents the circuit limit resistance value at a specific time point, so as to intuitively understand the fluctuation of the circuit limit resistance of the circuit breaker in an abnormal working state, and finally generate the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve.

[0116] The present invention first determines that when the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time current data, the real-time voltage data and the real-time temperature data of the circuit breaker are processed in time series synchronization to obtain accurate time series synchronization data. This step can ensure that the data of different parameters remain consistent in time through time series synchronization processing, and provide a reliable data basis for subsequent analysis. The circuit breaker working current time series synchronization data reflects the real-time change of the current waveform of the circuit breaker under the abnormal working state, while the voltage and temperature time series synchronization data reveal the corresponding voltage waveform and temperature change trend, which provides detailed data support for further fault diagnosis and analysis. Secondly, by determining the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker under the abnormal working state of the switch, it is to accurately locate and divide the data segment of the abnormal working state. On this basis, by dividing the time range interval of the circuit breaker working current, voltage and temperature time series synchronization data, the purpose is to extract a data subset within the abnormal working time range. These data subsets contain the real-time operating state of the circuit breaker during the abnormal working period, which provides an accurate time series data basis for subsequent fault analysis and feature extraction. Through the operation of this step, the key data fragments during the abnormal working period can be quickly and effectively located and analyzed, thereby optimizing the efficiency of fault location and problem diagnosis. Then, by calculating the limit resistance of the circuit breaker working current, voltage and temperature data within the abnormal working time range, the actual electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal conditions can be analyzed. The limit resistance calculation is to accurately calculate and simulate the current and voltage data to obtain the actual value of the internal limit resistance of the circuit breaker. This data reflects the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. It can help engineers evaluate the safe working range and potential risks of the circuit breaker, and provide an important basis for subsequent safety assessment and operation optimization. Finally, by visualizing the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions, the change trend of the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions can be intuitively displayed. Visualization can show the complex data change trend in an intuitive chart form, helping engineers and operation and maintenance personnel to quickly understand and analyze the changes in the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker during abnormal working. This process not only helps to timely discover and diagnose the abnormal state of the circuit breaker, but also provides an important reference for equipment maintenance and performance optimization, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and the safe operation of the equipment.

[0117] Preferably, step S43 includes the following steps:

[0118] Step S431: subdividing the circuit breaker operating current data, circuit breaker operating voltage data and circuit breaker operating temperature data within the abnormal working time range into time point parameter values, and obtaining the circuit breaker operating current value, circuit breaker operating voltage value and circuit breaker operating temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range;

[0119] In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit breaker operating current data, circuit breaker operating voltage data and circuit breaker operating temperature data within the abnormal working time range are refined at detailed time points (for example, one-second time intervals) to determine the current value, voltage value and temperature value of the circuit breaker at each time point during the abnormal working period, and deeply understand the actual working state of the circuit breaker during the abnormal working period, and finally obtain the circuit breaker operating current value, circuit breaker operating voltage value and circuit breaker operating temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range.

[0120] Step S432: performing circuit resistance statistical calculation on the circuit breaker operating current value and the circuit breaker operating voltage value at each time point within the abnormal working time range, to obtain the initial value of the circuit breaker operating circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range;

[0121] In an embodiment of the present invention, Ohm's law (that is, resistance is equal to the ratio of voltage to current) is used to perform statistical calculations of resistance on the circuit breaker operating current value and the circuit breaker operating voltage value at each time point within the abnormal working time range, so as to statistically analyze the working circuit resistance value of the circuit breaker at each time point, and finally obtain the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range.

[0122] Step S433: performing an impact correction evaluation analysis on the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance based on the circuit breaker working temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range to obtain a circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature impact correction factor;

[0123] In an embodiment of the present invention, an impact assessment algorithm is used to evaluate and analyze the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance obtained by the corresponding quantitative calculation in combination with the previously determined working temperature value of the circuit breaker at each time point within the abnormal working time range, so as to evaluate and analyze the actual influence of temperature on the circuit resistance and correct it. This is because the value of the circuit resistance will change with the change of temperature, and the correction degree of the change of the circuit resistance value at different temperatures is determined therefrom. For example, assuming that at a certain abnormal working time point, the working temperature of the circuit breaker is 50°C, and the circuit resistance value obtained by the previous calculation is 1.2 ohms, and through evaluation and analysis, a correction factor is obtained to analyze that the actual limit value of the circuit resistance is 1.25 ohms, that is, slightly increased than the standard temperature, and finally the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature influence correction factor is obtained.

[0124] Step S434: performing limit correction calculation on the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range according to the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature influence correction factor and merging the time points to obtain the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state.

[0125] In an embodiment of the present invention, the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point in the abnormal working time range obtained by quantitative calculation is corrected and calculated by combining the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature influence correction factor obtained by previous evaluation and analysis, so as to correct and calculate the actual limit resistance change of the circuit breaker under the abnormal working state in combination with the temperature influence factor, and merge the circuit limit resistance correction value at each time point. For example, if the initial value of the working circuit resistance at a certain time point is 1.25 ohms after temperature correction, and the correction values ​​at other time points are 1.22 ohms, 1.28 ohms, etc., then these corrected circuit resistance data are merged according to the time point, and the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker under the abnormal state is obtained, and finally the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is obtained.

[0126] The present invention subdivides the working current data, working voltage data and working temperature data of the circuit breaker within the abnormal working time range into time point parameters, and can accurately capture and record the working state at each time point. The current value reflects the dynamic change of the current inside the circuit breaker, the voltage value shows the voltage response of the circuit breaker at different time points, and the temperature value indicates the change trend of the internal temperature of the circuit breaker over time. The detailed record of these data provides a rich information basis for the subsequent electrical characteristics analysis and fault diagnosis, which helps to deeply understand the actual working state of the circuit breaker during abnormal working. Secondly, by performing circuit resistance statistical calculations on the circuit breaker working current value and circuit breaker working voltage value at each time point in the abnormal working time range, the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point can be obtained. The key to this step is to accurately evaluate the actual value of the internal resistance of the circuit breaker through mathematical models and circuit theory calculations, and provide basic data for subsequent resistance correction and impact evaluation, which helps to accurately analyze the changes in electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. Then, by evaluating and analyzing the impact correction of the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance based on the circuit breaker working temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range, the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature impact correction factor can be obtained. This factor reflects the actual impact of the internal temperature change of the circuit breaker on the circuit resistance, which provides a basis for further accurate correction of the circuit breaker circuit resistance value. This correction analysis based on temperature data can more truly reflect the changes in the electrical characteristics of the circuit breaker under actual working conditions, and provide more reliable data support for subsequent processing. Finally, by calculating the limit correction of the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range according to the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature impact correction factor and merging the time points, this step uses mathematical models and statistical methods, combined with temperature impact factors, to correct and calculate the actual limit resistance changes of the circuit breaker under abnormal working conditions. These corrected data are not only more in line with the electrical characteristics under actual working conditions, but also provide accurate reference for subsequent fault diagnosis and performance evaluation, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the circuit breaker.

[0127] Preferably, step S5 comprises the following steps:

[0128] Step S51: obtaining a standard change curve of the resistance of the circuit breaker in a normal state in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base;

[0129] In an embodiment of the present invention, actual measurement or mirror analysis is performed to obtain the normal working state of the circuit breaker mirrored under the same conditions as the time range dimension of the abnormal working state of the switch, and the resistance change of the circuit breaker under the normal working state is measured, and the corresponding standard resistance change curve under the normal state is drawn and established, so as to obtain the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve. Then, the first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are set according to the preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base. These thresholds are set according to the actual working experience of the circuit breaker, the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, and the historical data of the circuit breaker failure in actual use. For example, for a specific model of high-voltage circuit breaker, the first fault threshold can be set to a certain resistance threshold, indicating that when the resistance of the circuit breaker is lower than this value, there is a poor contact fault, and when it exceeds this value, it indicates a more serious arc or internal overload fault; in order to more accurately identify the occurrence of arc or internal overload faults, the second fault threshold is set to another resistance threshold, and finally the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are obtained.

[0130] Step S52: by setting the resistance change time frame length, and dividing the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve by frame length feature vector based on the resistance change time frame length, the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change time frame feature vector and the circuit breaker normal state resistance change time frame feature vector are obtained;

[0131] In an embodiment of the present invention, by setting a time frame length of resistance change, such as one second, two seconds, etc., and combining the set time frame length of resistance change, the corresponding circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve are segmented into feature vectors, so as to segment the resistance change curve into appropriate time periods for subsequent feature extraction and fault diagnosis analysis. For example, if the selected time frame length is to collect the resistance change situation once per second, the resistance feature vector per second will be constructed based on these data points, and finally the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change time frame feature vector and the circuit breaker normal state resistance change time frame feature vector are obtained.

[0132] Step S53: using the Euclidean distance measurement method to perform distance measurement calculation on the frame feature vector of the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change time frame and the frame feature vector of the circuit breaker normal state resistance change time frame corresponding to the resistance change time frame length, so as to obtain the feature vector distance value between the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change under the same time frame length;

[0133] In an embodiment of the present invention, a Euclidean distance measurement calculation method is used to quantify the distance between the time frame feature vector of the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change and the time frame feature vector of the circuit breaker normal state resistance change corresponding to each resistance change time frame, so as to quantify the characteristic vector distance value between the resistance change of the high-voltage circuit breaker in each time frame of the abnormal working state and the normal state, which is used to measure the similarity or difference between the characteristic vectors. For example, if the Euclidean distance between the resistance change characteristic vector of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state and the resistance change characteristic vector in the normal state in a certain second is small, it indicates that their resistance changes in this time frame are relatively close; conversely, if the distance is large, it indicates that there is a significant difference in the resistance change between them, and finally the characteristic vector distance value between the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state and the resistance change of the normal state in the same time frame is obtained.

[0134] Step S54: based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, fault identification is performed on the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length. If the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is less than the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as a poor contact fault; if the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is greater than or equal to the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and less than the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as an arc fault; if the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as an internal overload fault.

[0135] In the embodiment of the present invention, by combining the previously preset first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change of the circuit breaker and the normal state resistance change under the same time frame length is compared and judged, so as to accurately identify different types of circuit breaker fault conditions, wherein if the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change of the circuit breaker and the normal state resistance change under the same time frame length is less than the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, it means that the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is small, and the fault will not be caused by any influencing factors, and the temporary change of resistance caused by poor contact at the switch, then the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as a poor contact fault; if the same If the characteristic vector distance value between the resistance change in the abnormal state and the resistance change in the normal state of the circuit breaker under the time frame length is greater than or equal to the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and less than the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, it means that the resistance change of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is relatively moderate, which means that there is a fault risk caused by arc phenomenon, and the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as an arc fault; and if the characteristic vector distance value between the resistance change in the abnormal state and the resistance change in the normal state of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, it means that the resistance change fluctuation of the circuit breaker in the abnormal state is large, which means that a serious overload has occurred inside the circuit breaker, and finally the fault type of the switch in the abnormal working state is identified as an internal overload fault.

[0136] The present invention first obtains the standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch. This step is the basis for establishing fault diagnosis. By collecting and analyzing the resistance change data of the circuit breaker under normal working conditions, a standard resistance curve is formed. At the same time, the first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance are set according to the preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base. These thresholds will serve as the basis for subsequent fault diagnosis. Secondly, by setting the corresponding resistance change time frame length, and based on this frame length, the characteristic vector division of the resistance change curve of the abnormal state and normal state of the circuit breaker is performed. This analysis method can effectively segment the resistance change curve and extract the characteristic vector of each segment for subsequent fault diagnosis and comparative analysis. By performing frame characteristic vector division on the resistance change of the abnormal state and the normal state, the resistance change characteristics under the fault state can be captured more accurately. Then, the Euclidean distance measurement method is used to calculate the distance measurement of the resistance change feature vectors of the abnormal state and normal state of the circuit breaker within the corresponding resistance change time frame. The key to this step is to quantify the difference between the resistance change under the fault state and the normal state. By calculating the Euclidean distance, the characteristic vector distance value under each time frame is obtained. These distance values ​​will be used to judge and distinguish different fault types. Finally, by performing fault identification on the characteristic vector distance value under the same time frame length based on the preset first fault threshold and second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, different fault types existing in the switch under abnormal working state can be accurately identified according to the size relationship between the distance value and the first fault threshold and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance. When the distance value is less than the first fault threshold, it is identified as a poor contact fault; when the distance value is between the first and second fault thresholds, it is identified as an arc fault; and when the distance value is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold, it is identified as an internal overload fault. This fault identification method based on characteristic vector distance value combines statistical and machine learning techniques, and can efficiently realize the automatic diagnosis and classification of circuit breaker faults, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of high-voltage circuit breaker fault diagnosis.

[0137] Preferably, the present invention also provides a high-voltage circuit breaker status online monitoring and fault identification device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer control program is used to execute the high-voltage circuit breaker status online monitoring and fault identification method as described above.

[0138] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring and fault identification of a high voltage circuit breaker, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: by deploying current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors at key positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and collecting working data of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors, so as to obtain real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker; Step S2: performing current harmonic change characteristic analysis on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current; performing voltage waveform change characteristic analysis on the real-time voltage data of the circuit breaker working to obtain the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage; performing online monitoring of the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the voltage waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the online working state of the circuit breaker, wherein the online working state of the circuit breaker includes the switch closed working state, the switch open working state and the switch abnormal working state; Step S3: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch closed working state or the switch open working state, the working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is continuously monitored online until the online working state of the circuit breaker is the switch abnormal working state; Step S4: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the limit resistance of the real-time working current data, the real-time working voltage data and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker in the corresponding time range is calculated and visualized based on the abnormal working state of the switch, so as to generate a limit resistance change curve of the abnormal state of the circuit breaker; Step S5: obtaining a standard change curve of the normal state resistance of the circuit breaker in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base; performing fault identification on the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, and obtaining the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type, wherein the circuit breaker abnormal state fault type includes poor contact fault, arc fault and internal overload fault.

2. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: performing electromagnetic field simulation on the high-voltage circuit breaker by using electromagnetic field simulation software to obtain an electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker; Step S12: determining the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the conductive key connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker; Step S13: by selecting high-precision, high-voltage-resistant and anti-interference-capable current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors to be deployed at the key conductive connection points of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and connecting and building a monitoring network with the data acquisition unit, a high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network is obtained; Step S14: collecting sensor signals of the high-voltage circuit breaker in real time through the current sensor, voltage sensor and temperature sensor in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network to obtain the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal; Step S15: Transmitting the circuit breaker working current sensor signal, the circuit breaker working voltage sensor signal and the circuit breaker working temperature sensor signal to the data acquisition unit in the high-voltage circuit breaker working data monitoring network for signal data conversion processing to obtain the circuit breaker working real-time current data, the circuit breaker working real-time voltage data and the circuit breaker working real-time temperature data.

3. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S12 includes the following steps: Step S121: analyzing the current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker; Step S122: dividing the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker into current high-density distribution areas according to the internal current flow path of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the current high-density distribution area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker; Step S123: dividing the high-voltage circuit breaker into high-influence distribution areas of the magnetic field based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker; Step S124: performing overlapping division on the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density distribution area and the high-voltage circuit breaker electromagnetic influence high-intensity distribution area to obtain a high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area; Step S125: Determine the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area; based on the conductive key connection position of the high-voltage circuit breaker area, mark the point of the high-voltage circuit breaker current high-density-electromagnetic influence overlapping distribution area to obtain the conductive key connection point of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

4. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S123 includes the following steps: Based on the electromagnetic distribution simulation field of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the magnetic field distribution of the high-voltage circuit breaker is analyzed to obtain the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker; Analyze the magnetic field direction of the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the magnetic field distribution direction around the high-voltage circuit breaker; Performing a statistical analysis of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field distribution range around the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker; Based on the magnetic field distribution direction and magnetic field distribution intensity around the high-voltage circuit breaker, an electromagnetic impact assessment and analysis is performed on the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker to obtain the electromagnetic impact intensity of the surrounding area of ​​the high-voltage circuit breaker; According to the electromagnetic influence intensity of the area around the high-voltage circuit breaker, the magnetic field distribution range area around the high-voltage circuit breaker is divided into high-influence intensity areas to obtain the high-intensity distribution area of ​​the electromagnetic influence of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

5. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: Step S21: analyzing the current harmonic variation characteristics of the circuit breaker working real-time current data to obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic variation characteristic data; Step S22: plotting a voltage waveform change curve for the circuit breaker working real-time voltage data to generate a circuit breaker working voltage waveform change curve diagram; Step S23: analyzing the voltage waveform change characteristics of the circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change curve diagram to obtain circuit breaker operating voltage waveform change characteristic data; Step S24: performing change pattern recognition analysis on the harmonic change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working current and the waveform change characteristic data of the circuit breaker working voltage to obtain the circuit breaker working current harmonic change pattern and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change pattern; Step S25: Perform online working state monitoring of the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode according to the preset circuit breaker working state change mode judgment standard. If the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to fluctuate within a certain range, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch closed working state; if the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to be tending to be flat, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be a switch disconnected working state; if the circuit breaker working current harmonic change mode and the circuit breaker working voltage waveform change mode are monitored to have excessive fluctuations or sudden large fluctuations, the online working state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is determined to be an abnormal switch working state.

6. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S21 includes the following steps: Step S211: performing current harmonic transformation on the real-time current data of the circuit breaker to obtain a circuit breaker working current harmonic variation curve; Step S212: dividing the harmonic order of the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change curve to obtain each circuit breaker operating current harmonic change order component; Step S213: performing amplitude and phase statistical analysis on the harmonic change order components of each circuit breaker operating current to obtain the amplitude and phase of each harmonic change order component; Step S214: performing quantitative calculation of the total distortion rate of each harmonic variation order component of the circuit breaker working current based on the amplitude and phase of each harmonic variation order component to obtain the total distortion rate of the harmonic variation of the circuit breaker working current; Step S215: performing current harmonic change characteristic analysis on the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change curve based on the circuit breaker operating current harmonic change total distortion rate to obtain circuit breaker operating current harmonic change characteristic data.

7. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: when it is determined that the online working state of the circuit breaker is the abnormal working state of the switch, the real-time working current data of the circuit breaker, the real-time working voltage data of the circuit breaker and the real-time working temperature data of the circuit breaker are subjected to time-series synchronization processing to obtain the time-series synchronization data of the working current of the circuit breaker, the time-series synchronization data of the working voltage of the circuit breaker and the time-series synchronization data of the working temperature of the circuit breaker; Step S42: determining the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch, and dividing the circuit breaker working real-time current data, circuit breaker working real-time voltage data and circuit breaker working real-time temperature data into time range intervals according to the working time range of the high-voltage circuit breaker in the abnormal working state of the switch, to obtain the circuit breaker working current data, circuit breaker working voltage data and circuit breaker working temperature data within the abnormal working time range interval; Step S43: calculating the limit resistance of the circuit breaker operating current data, circuit breaker operating voltage data and circuit breaker operating temperature data within the abnormal working time range to obtain actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state; Step S44: Visualize and draw the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state to generate a limit resistance change curve of the circuit breaker abnormal state.

8. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S43 includes the following steps: Step S431: subdividing the circuit breaker operating current data, circuit breaker operating voltage data and circuit breaker operating temperature data within the abnormal working time range into time point parameter values, and obtaining the circuit breaker operating current value, circuit breaker operating voltage value and circuit breaker operating temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range; Step S432: performing circuit resistance statistical calculation on the circuit breaker operating current value and the circuit breaker operating voltage value at each time point within the abnormal working time range, to obtain the initial value of the circuit breaker operating circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range; Step S433: performing an impact correction evaluation analysis on the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance based on the circuit breaker working temperature value at each time point within the abnormal working time range to obtain a circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature impact correction factor; Step S434: performing limit correction calculation on the initial value of the circuit breaker working circuit resistance at each time point within the abnormal working time range according to the circuit breaker working circuit resistance-temperature influence correction factor and merging the time points to obtain the actual limit resistance change data of the circuit breaker abnormal state.

9. The method for online monitoring and fault identification of high-voltage circuit breaker status according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S51: obtaining a standard change curve of the resistance of the circuit breaker in a normal state in the same time dimension as the abnormal working state of the switch, and setting a first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and a second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance according to a preset circuit breaker fault knowledge base; Step S52: by setting the resistance change time frame length, and dividing the circuit breaker abnormal state limit resistance change curve and the circuit breaker normal state resistance standard change curve by frame length feature vector based on the resistance change time frame length, the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change time frame feature vector and the circuit breaker normal state resistance change time frame feature vector are obtained; Step S53: using the Euclidean distance measurement method to perform distance measurement calculation on the frame feature vector of the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change time frame and the frame feature vector of the circuit breaker normal state resistance change time frame corresponding to the resistance change time frame length, so as to obtain the feature vector distance value between the circuit breaker abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change under the same time frame length; Step S54: based on the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, fault identification is performed on the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length. If the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is less than the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as a poor contact fault; if the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is greater than or equal to the first fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance and less than the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as an arc fault; if the characteristic vector distance value between the abnormal state resistance change and the normal state resistance change of the circuit breaker under the same time frame length is greater than or equal to the second fault threshold of the circuit breaker resistance, the fault type of the switch under the abnormal working state is identified as an internal overload fault.

10. A high voltage circuit breaker status online monitoring and fault identification device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor, a memory and a computer control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer control program is used to execute the method for online monitoring and fault identification of the high-voltage circuit breaker status as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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