A carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain

Abstract

The application discloses a carbon emission calculation method, and aims to provide a carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and block chain, and the technical scheme is as follows: carbon emission monitoring and calculation are performed on several stages in the whole life cycle of modern buildings in residential areas, industrial areas and other areas, then various types of information generated are managed and called by using block chain technology, so that the current carbon emission state and change trend of the buildings can be effectively monitored and quantitatively processed, finally, an information management calling monitoring platform is provided for the involved personnel, so that carbon emission control can be performed in a targeted manner, and through the introduction of the block chain technology and the BIM technology, the carbon emission in the whole life cycle of the building can be monitored, predicted, optimized and controlled in real time, the green building is truly realized, the whole society energy saving and emission reduction is promoted, the living environment is improved, the building energy consumption is reduced, the carbon emission caused by the building is reduced, and the realization of the carbon neutralization target is promoted, and the application is suitable for the technical field of energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbon emission calculation method, and more specifically, to a carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain. Background Art

[0002] To truly achieve green buildings, promote energy conservation and emission reduction across society, and improve the living environment, reducing building energy consumption and carbon emissions from buildings is crucial. Green buildings require the implementation of a quantitative carbon emissions calculation standard to accurately assess the "greenness" of low-carbon buildings. The entire building lifecycle is primarily divided into building material production and transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition and recycling. To achieve green building goals, a sound carbon emissions assessment and calculation system for each stage should be established. Currently, the construction industry lacks a scientific and robust system for calculating carbon emissions during the production and transportation, construction, and demolition and recycling stages, hindering the monitoring, accounting, and management of actual carbon emissions throughout the entire lifecycle.

[0003] Due to the numerous components involved in a building's lifecycle, the complexity of each phase, and the complex and challenging monitoring and management of carbon emission sources, implementing carbon emission calculation methods for buildings is difficult. However, with the development and maturity of BIM and blockchain technologies, the management and monitoring of each link has become feasible. Carbon emission calculation based on BIM and blockchain is a new concept and practice. By applying information technology to accurately predict building carbon emissions and evaluate building structural plans, it can better collect, monitor, and manage various information, truly reducing carbon emissions in the construction industry and achieving higher energy conservation and emission reduction standards.

[0004] While improving building energy efficiency, we should fully leverage the potential of green, low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable energy. Photovoltaics, a renewable energy source that is easily integrated into buildings, have a wide range of applications in building carbon reduction. Compared to ground-based power plants, building photovoltaics require more stringent construction engineering requirements. The building itself and its surroundings inevitably block photovoltaics. Even for rooftop spaces exposed to the sun, relevant guidelines stipulate enclosure requirements. Research has shown that when surrounding buildings significantly block photovoltaics, the impact on photovoltaic system efficiency far outweighs the efficiency of the photovoltaic modules. Related research suggests that photovoltaic space layout should be based on three-dimensional visualization models. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating carbon emissions in the production and transportation, construction, and demolition and recycling stages of buildings based on BIM and blockchain.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain, comprising the following steps: S1, inputting information generated by building material production, building material transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition and recycling throughout the life cycle of a building into a BIM platform;

[0007] S2. Generate corresponding carbon emissions based on the carbon emission measurement model database integrated in the BIM platform;

[0008] S3. Information is transmitted to the blockchain application platform through the blockchain information system;

[0009] S4. The information processing unit within the blockchain application platform processes carbon emission data information and transmits the corresponding information back to the BIM platform to achieve dynamic control.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the control method of the BIM platform in step S1 further includes the following steps: S11, dividing the entire life cycle of the building into various stages, and establishing a quota practice through the BIM software platform;

[0011] S12. Establish quota practices to read the human and machine coding library integrated in the BIM platform, calculate the consumption quota, and upload the information to the BIM platform;

[0012] S13, BIM software generates the consumption of manpower, materials and machines;

[0013] S14. BIM software calculates the carbon emissions of manpower, materials, and machinery based on the carbon emission factor library integrated into the BIM platform;

[0014] S15. Calculate the carbon emissions of the entire building based on the carbon emissions of people, materials, and machines, and include them in the model database.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the entire life cycle in step S11 includes building material production, building material transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: the BIM platform in step S12 also includes illumination, wind power and load data of the area to be measured.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the man-material-machine carbon emissions in step S14 include labor carbon emissions, material carbon emissions and machinery carbon emissions.

[0018] Preferably, the construction phase also includes using the BIM platform and RFID technology to provide data guidance to personnel on the construction site, and the RFID technology is used to track and control the construction in real time during the construction process.

[0019] Preferably, the calculation formula for the mechanical carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling stage is as follows:

[0020] C=J×Y

[0021] Among them, C is the mechanical carbon emissions in the demolition and recycling stage, J is the number of shifts, and Y is the data recorded in the BIM platform factor library.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: the calculation of the BIM platform data in step S14 includes the following steps:

[0023] S141. Data collection: Initial data collection is completed based on the building site selection, including the annual sunlight curve, the annual load curve of the area, and the annual wind curve;

[0024] S142. Calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after commissioning based on the building volume and area forecast;

[0025] S143. Calculate, based on energy consumption and carbon emissions and the historical curve data for the area, the optimal number of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage systems required for the construction and operation of the building to achieve zero carbon emissions;

[0026] S144. Autonomously generate new energy building plans based on the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage capacities required in the calculation.

[0027] The present invention is further configured as follows: the BIM platform in steps S1 to S4 is connected to the port data opened by each authority setting of the blockchain application platform.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects are: 1. The present invention establishes a scientific and sound calculation system for the construction industry's carbon emissions in the production and transportation, construction and demolition and recycling stages, and monitors, calculates and manages the actual carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle.

[0029] 2. The present invention accurately predicts building carbon emissions and evaluates building structural plans through the application of information technology, which can better collect, monitor and manage various information, truly reducing carbon emissions in the construction industry and achieving higher energy conservation and emission reduction standards.

[0030] 3. The present invention monitors and calculates carbon emissions at several stages of the entire life cycle of modern buildings in various residential areas, industrial areas, and other regions. At the same time, the various types of information generated are managed and called using blockchain technology to effectively monitor and quantify the current carbon emission status and changing trends of the buildings, and provide an information management and calling monitoring platform for multiple parties involved, facilitating targeted carbon emission control.

[0031] 4、The application realizes zero-carbon building according to BIM model, combined with the built-in local building light, wind and load data calculation in BIM platform to arrange photovoltaic power station, wind turbine and energy storage equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The carbon emission metering model system and information management system structure diagram of the carbon emission calculation method embodiment based on BIM and block chain;

[0033] Figure 2 The flow chart of the carbon emission calculation method embodiment based on BIM and block chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] REFERENCE Figures 1 to 2 The carbon emission calculation method embodiment based on BIM and block chain is further described.

[0035] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature shown in the drawings. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings, the spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the element described as being "below" other elements or features will be positioned "above" the other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both upward and downward orientations. The device can be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or positioned in other orientations), and the spatial relative description used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0036] Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used only to distinguish one from another of a same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the parts.

[0037] A carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and block chain, comprising the following steps: S1, inputting the information generated in the whole life cycle of the building, such as building material production, building material transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition and recycling, into the BIM platform;

[0038] S2, generating corresponding carbon emission according to the carbon emission metering model database integrated in the BIM platform;

[0039] S3, information is transmitted to the block chain application platform through the block chain information system;

[0040] S4, the information processing unit in the block chain application platform processes the carbon emission data information, and transmits the corresponding information back to the BIM platform to realize dynamic control.

[0041] The control method of the BIM platform in step S1 further includes the following steps: S11, dividing the entire life cycle of the building into various stages, and establishing a quota practice through the BIM software platform;

[0042] S12. Establish quota practices to read the human and machine coding library integrated in the BIM platform, calculate the consumption quota, and upload the information to the BIM platform;

[0043] S13, BIM software generates the consumption of manpower, materials and machines;

[0044] S14. BIM software calculates the carbon emissions of manpower, materials, and machinery based on the carbon emission factor library integrated into the BIM platform;

[0045] S15. Calculate the carbon emissions of the entire building based on the carbon emissions of people, materials, and machines, and include them in the model database.

[0046] The carbon emissions calculation method is mainly used to monitor and calculate carbon emissions at several stages of the entire life cycle of modern buildings in various residential areas, industrial areas and other regions. At the same time, various types of information generated are managed and called using blockchain technology to effectively monitor and quantify the current carbon emission status and changing trends of buildings, and provide an information management and calling monitoring platform for multiple parties involved, so as to facilitate targeted carbon emissions control.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 Carbon emissions from the production and transportation of building materials, construction, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling phases of a building's lifecycle are a significant component of a building's carbon emissions within this scope. The calculation principle for a building's lifecycle carbon emissions is to multiply the amount of resources consumed in each phase by the corresponding carbon emission factor, ultimately summing up to obtain the building's total carbon emissions over its entire lifecycle.

[0048] It should be noted that in this application, only the calculation method of carbon emissions in the construction production and transportation, construction and demolition and recycling stages is explained. Other feasible methods can be used for the calculation method in the operation and maintenance stage. The operation of its management system and platform can adopt the management and application platform methods of other stages in the technical solution of this application, and can be modified or replaced by equivalent methods.

[0049] The corresponding BIM platform should be constructed during the building design phase, and then the building information should be constructed using the BIM platform. The BIM platform can be used to better make decisions and adjustments during the design phase, such as planning and site selection, model and drawing, design conflict checking, engineering quantity statistics and cost management, etc. When the platform and system technology are mature, the carbon emissions of the building at each stage of its life cycle can be estimated during the design phase to better achieve the goal of green buildings or even zero-carbon buildings.

[0050] The BIM platform needs to integrate relevant local quota practices for building construction. Designers can apply this quota practice during design to obtain the consumption of personnel, materials and machinery required for each stage of the life cycle. At the same time, various types of information are connected to the carbon emission factor database using the coding library as the medium, and finally the carbon emission inventory for each stage is obtained. This quota practice can be jointly improved through blockchain technology, allowing manufacturers and construction units and practical data to determine the corresponding consumption quota factors.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 , the calculation of the BIM platform data includes the following steps:

[0052] S141. Data collection: Initial data collection is completed based on the building site selection, including the annual sunlight curve, the annual load curve of the area, and the annual wind curve;

[0053] S142. Calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after commissioning based on the building volume and area forecast;

[0054] S143. Calculate, based on energy consumption and carbon emissions and the historical curve data for the area, the optimal number of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage systems required for the construction and operation of the building to achieve zero carbon emissions;

[0055] S144. Autonomously generate new energy building plans based on the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage capacities required in the calculation.

[0056] Various information generated throughout the life cycle of a building is input into the BIM platform through various collection methods, and the corresponding carbon emissions are generated through its integrated carbon emission measurement model database. Various information is transmitted through the blockchain information system, and finally the carbon emission data information is processed by the information processing unit in the blockchain application platform, and the information application unit applies the carbon emission data information; the ports opened through permission settings can also process and manage information through the application platform, and the corresponding information is transmitted back to the BIM platform for dynamic control.

[0057] During the construction and production phase of building materials, BIM can be combined with RFID technology to embed RFID tags into the building. These tags contain the corresponding building information, and their unique encoding facilitates management of the building during production, storage, transportation, and installation, ensuring the accuracy of information during these processes. The advantages of combining BIM with RFID lie in accurate information reading and rapid transmission, reducing errors that can occur with traditional manual data entry.

[0058] Carbon emissions during the construction material production phase are mainly generated during the production, processing, and transportation of construction materials. The formula for carbon emissions during the construction material production phase is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, P1 is the carbon emission in the building materials production stage; m 1i is the consumption of the i-th material in the production stage (t); λ 1i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th material (t / MJ).

[0061] During construction production, information is placed in RFID tags, and the production port uploads the production information to the application platform. Through data processing and transmission, the information is integrated into the BIM database to form the carbon emission factor of this construction production; during the BIM modeling process, the design port can read the usage of this material through the bill of quantities information formed by BIM, and use the formula to calculate the carbon emissions. At the same time, the platform can also form the carbon emission calculation results of the construction of specific production units and enterprises, which can be managed and supervised by them and relevant government regulatory departments. In order to achieve the zero-carbon goal, the design and production ports can continuously optimize energy management through such an information management system.

[0062] During the construction phase, the effective combination of BIM and RFID technology enables real-time tracking and control of the construction. The BIM platform and RFID chips, along with the construction management system, can be used to guide on-site construction personnel in hoisting and positioning, fully enabling querying of construction parameter attributes and prompting of construction quality indicators. Completion information can be uploaded to the database to ensure traceability of construction quality records. All information, including modeling information in BIM and other information generated during the actual production and construction process, can be managed using blockchain technology. For example, by developing a corresponding application platform, setting different permissions through a consensus mechanism, and utilizing the characteristics of smart contracts and distributed ledgers to process and manage data uploaded and collected by all parties and personnel involved in the entire life cycle of the building, as well as data collected at the production and construction site.

[0063] The carbon emissions during the construction phase of a building are mainly generated by the transportation of building materials and on-site construction equipment. The formula for carbon emissions during the construction phase is as follows:

[0064] P sj =P2+P3

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Among them, P sj is the total carbon emissions generated during the construction phase; P2 is the carbon emissions generated during the transportation phase; P3 is the carbon emissions generated by equipment at the construction site; M 2i is the consumption of the i-th material used in the construction phase; M 2iThe amount of cargo loaded on the transport equipment each time; L 2i The mileage of the material transported by this transport equipment; R 2i The energy consumption per kilometer when transporting materials by the transport equipment; 2i Carbon emission factor of energy used for transportation equipment; Q 3i is the consumption of the i-th energy by on-site construction equipment; 3i is the carbon emission factor of this energy.

[0068] The energy consumption of the equipment is the machine-shift consumption q multiplied by the machine-shift consumption factor λ of a certain energy, where W is the energy consumption per machine shift. The factor database is integrated into the BIM database.

[0069] During the construction phase, the transportation, storage, and hoisting processes of each structure can be recorded and uploaded to the blockchain system's application platform database in a timely manner using RFID tags. RFID information during the construction process can be directly uploaded to equipment equipped with the BIM platform and related chips, allowing construction units to directly direct and manage construction through the BIM platform. Carbon emissions from machinery can be calculated using measurable shifts and corresponding factors. Construction port data is uploaded to the application platform for management and oversight by construction and government agencies. Construction ports can also access relevant data on the platform to optimize their own carbon emissions and energy management.

[0070] When a building reaches a certain age, it is demolished and the construction waste is recycled. This phase also generates a large amount of carbon emissions. Carbon emissions during the demolition phase mainly come from the energy used by on-site construction equipment, while carbon emissions during the construction waste disposal phase mainly come from the energy used by on-site recycling equipment and transportation. The formula for carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling phase is as follows:

[0071] P cc =P4+P5

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Among them, P cc is the total carbon emissions from the demolition and recycling phase; P4 is the carbon emissions from the energy use of construction equipment during the demolition phase; P5 is the carbon emissions from the energy use of recycling equipment and transportation tools during the waste treatment phase; Q 4i is the amount of energy used in the demolition phase i; 4i M is the carbon emission factor of energy used by on-site equipment; 5i is the quantity of the i-th material in the disassembly stage; m5i The single load volume of the transport equipment for the recycling and processing stage; L 5i is the mileage of transportation equipment; R 5i Energy consumption of transport equipment for recycling and processing; 5i is the carbon emission factor of this energy; C 5i is the recovery factor of the material (if it is not recyclable, the recovery factor is zero); μ 5i is the carbon emission factor for the recycling and reuse of this material.

[0075] The carbon emissions of machinery during the demolition phase can be calculated using the number of shifts and corresponding factors, with construction port data uploaded to the application platform. The carbon emissions of transportation equipment can be calculated using IoT technology to determine vehicle distance and energy consumption, or using the platform's built-in carbon emission factors and transportation distance data. The carbon emissions of demolished materials are calculated based on the demolition volume and the transportation data for recycled materials, using the platform's built-in carbon emission factors and their recovery coefficients.

[0076] To achieve zero-carbon buildings, the layout of photovoltaic power stations, wind turbines and energy storage equipment can be carried out based on the BIM model and combined with the local lighting, wind power and load data calculations built into the BIM platform.

[0077] The autonomous generation layout method described is as follows:

[0078] 1. Data collection: Complete initial data collection based on the building site selection, including annual sunlight curve, annual load curve of the area, and annual wind curve;

[0079] 2. Calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after commissioning based on the building volume and area forecast;

[0080] 3. Based on energy consumption and carbon emissions, as well as historical data on the site, calculate the optimal number of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage systems required for the building's construction and operation to achieve zero carbon emissions.

[0081] 4. Independently generate new energy building plans based on the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage capacity required in the calculation.

[0082] The solar energy Q that can be obtained each year is calculated based on the annual sunlight curve. S ; Calculate the supply and demand difference Δs based on the annual load curve of the region; Calculate the annual available wind energy Q based on the annual wind power curve w , the calculation formula of the solar energy density is as follows:

[0083] Q S =365*Q G =365*T ave / T max *ES

[0084] Among them, Q G is the average solar radiation, T ave is the sunshine hours, T max is the maximum possible sunshine hours, E S is the clear sky solar radiation intensity, which is obtained from historical meteorological records.

[0085] The calculation formula of the wind energy density is as follows:

[0086] P w＝ 0.5*P k *V y 3

[0087] Among them, P k is the air density, generally taken as 1.225kg / m 3 ,V y is the annual average wind speed, and to calculate the annual wind energy, we need to multiply this wind energy density by the area of ​​the region and the total number of seconds in a year (taking into account that wind energy blows continuously across the region). The annual wind energy calculation formula is as follows:

[0088] Q w =P w *S*T y *J

[0089] Among them, P w is the wind energy density calculated by the above formula, S is the total area of ​​this region, T y is the total number of seconds in a year, and J is the conversion factor. The conversion factor is because we need to convert the unit of energy from joule (J) to kilowatt-hour (kWh), that is, 1kWh = 3.6×10^6J.

[0090] The calculation formula for the combined annual wind energy is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Assume that the annual average wind speed in the area is 5m / s and the area is 1m 2 , the calculated annual wind energy is approximately 670.69kWh, and the above data can be obtained from the meteorological platform.

[0093] The target optimization value is set based on the above judgment. For example, if the local sunlight is strong, the photovoltaic input is used as the target optimization value. If the local wind is strong, the wind input is used as the target optimization value. If the local load level is high, the energy storage charging and discharging is used as the target optimization value. The weights μ1, μ2, and μ3 of the photovoltaic, wind energy, and energy storage parameters in the multi-objective comprehensive optimization index in the building design process are determined.

[0094] The initial input data for calculating the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after it is put into use based on the building volume and area forecast is the building design drawings and the functional type of each floor. The carbon emission value and energy consumption value are calculated based on the input data.

[0095] The final output is the wind turbine selection and layout location, photovoltaic selection and layout location, and energy storage selection and layout location, and the basement and top floor design area and structure are generated based on the above data.

[0096] According to the calculation results, taking into account the shading of the building itself and the external shading caused by surrounding buildings and structures, the following optimization design principles are proposed for the overall photovoltaic layout: the area where the annual total solar radiation received by the building surface is not less than 70% of the annual total radiation of the unobstructed surface with the same orientation and inclination is defined as the suitable installation area of ​​the building photovoltaic system, so as to ensure that the installed photovoltaic array can receive sufficient solar radiation, thereby ensuring efficient and sustainable power generation capacity.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Input information generated from the building material production, transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition and recycling throughout the building's life cycle into the BIM platform; S2. Generate corresponding carbon emissions based on the carbon emission measurement model database integrated in the BIM platform; S3. Based on the carbon emissions detection link, generate the construction carbon emissions link, the operation and maintenance carbon emissions link; S31. Based on the carbon emission link, the carbon emissions are tested. If the carbon emission link is the construction carbon emission link or the operation carbon emission link, the process jumps to S311 to continue testing. Otherwise, if the carbon emission link is the operation and maintenance carbon emission link, the process jumps to S321 to continue testing. S311. Detect carbon emissions generated during the construction and transportation phase, carbon emissions from equipment operation at the construction site, and material consumption; S312. Generate carbon emissions for the current phase based on the detected data; S321. Complete initial data collection based on the building site selection, including annual sunlight curve, annual load curve of the area, and annual wind power curve; S322. Calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after it is put into use based on the building volume and area forecast; S4. Calculate the optimal number of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage systems required for the construction and operation of the building to achieve zero carbon emissions based on energy consumption, carbon emissions, and historical data of the area. S5. Autonomously generate new energy building plans based on the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage capacity required in the calculation; S6. The information is transmitted to the blockchain application platform through the blockchain information system; S7. The information processing unit within the blockchain application platform processes carbon emission data and transmits the corresponding information back to the BIM platform for dynamic control; The data collection in step S321 includes solar energy density collection, wind energy density collection, and wind energy size collection, and the carbon emission value and energy consumption value are calculated based on the collected data.

2. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the solar energy density in step S321 is as follows: Q S =365*Q G =365*T ave / T max *E S Among them, Q G is the average solar radiation, T ave is the sunshine hours, T max is the maximum possible sunshine hours, E S is the clear sky solar radiation intensity, and the above data are all obtained from historical meteorological records; the calculation formula for the wind energy density is as follows: P w =0.5*P k *V y 3 Among them, P k is the air density, generally taken as 1.225kg / m 3 ,V y is the annual average wind speed; The calculation formula for the annual wind energy is as follows: Q w =P w *S*T y *J Among them, P w is the wind energy density calculated by the above formula, S is the total area of ​​this region, T y is the total number of seconds in a year, and J is the conversion factor; The calculation formula of the carbon emissions in step S312 is as follows: P sj =P2+P3 Among them, P sj P is the total carbon emissions generated during the construction phase, P2 is the carbon emissions generated during the transportation phase, and P3 is the carbon emissions generated by equipment at the construction site. The calculation formula of P2 is as follows: Among them, M 2i is the consumption of the i-th material used in the construction phase; M 2i The amount of cargo loaded on the transport equipment each time; L 2i The mileage of the material transported by this transport equipment; R 2i The energy consumption per kilometer when transporting materials by the transport equipment; 2i Carbon emission factor of energy used for transporting equipment; The calculation formula of P3 is as follows: Among them, Q 3i is the consumption of the i-th energy by on-site construction equipment; 3i is the carbon emission factor of this energy.

3. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control method of the BIM platform in step S1 further includes the following steps: S111, dividing the entire life cycle of the building into various stages, and constructing a quota algorithm through the BIM software platform; S112. Construct a quota algorithm to read the human, material, and machine coding library integrated in the BIM platform, calculate the consumption quota, and upload the information to the BIM platform; S113, BIM software generates the consumption of manpower, materials and machines; S114. BIM software calculates the carbon emissions of manpower, materials, and machinery based on the carbon emission factor library integrated into the BIM platform; S115. Calculate the carbon emissions of the entire building based on the carbon emissions of personnel, materials, and machinery, and include them in the model database.

4. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The entire life cycle in step S11 includes building material production, building material transportation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition and recycling.

5. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The BIM platform in step S1 also includes lighting, wind power and load data of the area to be measured.

6. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The carbon emissions of man, materials and machinery in step S114 include labor carbon emissions, material carbon emissions and machinery carbon emissions.

7. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The construction phase also includes using the BIM platform and RFID technology to provide data guidance to personnel on the construction site. The RFID technology is used to track and control the construction in real time during the construction process.

8. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the mechanical carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling phase is as follows: C=J×Y Among them, C is the mechanical carbon emissions in the demolition and recycling stage, J is the number of shifts, and Y is the data recorded in the BIM platform factor library.

9. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation method in step S4 comprises the following steps: S141. Data collection: Initial data collection is completed based on the building site selection, including the annual sunlight curve, the annual load curve of the area, and the annual wind curve; S142. Calculate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building during construction and after commissioning based on the building volume and area forecast; S143. Calculate, based on energy consumption and carbon emissions and the historical curve data for the area, the optimal number of photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage systems required for the construction and operation of the building to achieve zero carbon emissions; S144. Autonomously generate new energy building plans based on the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage capacities required in the calculation.

10. The carbon emission calculation method based on BIM and blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The BIM platform in steps S1 to S4 is connected to the port data opened by the various authority settings of the blockchain application platform.

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