An Analysis and Early Warning Method for Monitoring the Ratchet Wheel of the Additional Brake of an Escalator

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of escalators, and particularly to a method for monitoring, analyzing and warning the ratchet wheel of an escalator additional brake. The method includes the following steps: Install and deploy a ratchet wheel dynamic monitoring sensor on the ratchet wheel structure of the escalator additional brake and conduct real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the ratchet wheel to obtain the real-time change data of the running position of the ratchet wheel and the real-time change data of the running angle of the ratchet wheel; Collect the running parameters of the ratchet wheel and monitor the abnormal running of the ratchet wheel for the real-time change data of the running position of the ratchet wheel and the real-time change data of the running angle of the ratchet wheel to obtain the abnormal running state of the ratchet wheel; Conduct warning processing on the abnormal running state of the ratchet wheel, upload it to a preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator for abnormal operation and maintenance response, and generate an abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy for the ratchet wheel operation of the escalator to execute the corresponding abnormal operation and maintenance work for the ratchet wheel operation of the escalator. The present invention can realize the real-time monitoring and warning of the abnormal state of the ratchet wheel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of escalators, and particularly to a method for monitoring, analyzing and warning of a ratchet wheel of an escalator additional brake. Background Art

[0002] The additional brake of an escalator is a protection device to prevent the escalator from operating accidentally. It is installed on the drive system of the escalator and mainly consists of a brake wheel, a brake belt, a pull rod, a spring, etc. With the increase in automation technology and intelligent monitoring requirements, the method for monitoring, analyzing and warning of a ratchet wheel of an escalator additional brake based on new technologies has become a key means to ensure passenger safety and equipment reliability, which can bring important innovations and improvements to the operation safety and maintenance efficiency of escalators. Through sensors installed on the ratchet wheel of the brake and its driving device, the operating state, position and working load of the brake ratchet wheel can be monitored in real time. These sensors can accurately detect the rotational speed, force and position of the ratchet wheel, as well as other key parameters related to the ratchet wheel, such as temperature and vibration conditions, providing real-time and comprehensive data support for the health status of the brake ratchet wheel. By transmitting the real-time collected data to a central control system or a cloud platform and using data analysis and machine learning algorithms to monitor and analyze the operating state of the ratchet wheel in real time, abnormal patterns and trends can be identified, potential failures and maintenance requirements of the ratchet wheel can be predicted, and repair or replacement measures can be taken in advance to avoid potential safety risks and downtime caused by equipment failures. However, the traditional method for monitoring escalator brakes mainly relies on manual regular inspections of the additional brake to monitor the state of the brake ratchet wheel, often suffering from problems such as untimely monitoring and low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary for the present invention to provide a method for monitoring, analyzing and warning of a ratchet wheel of an escalator additional brake to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, a method for monitoring, analyzing and warning of a ratchet wheel of an escalator additional brake includes the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Install and deploy a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor on the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor to perform real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake to obtain real-time change data of the ratchet running position and real-time change data of the ratchet running angle; connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to an intelligent analysis and warning device through a dedicated cable built into the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake;

[0006] Step S2: The intelligent analysis and warning device collects the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to obtain the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data;

[0007] Step S3: Monitor the abnormal operation of the ratchet based on the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data to obtain the abnormal running state of the ratchet. The abnormal running state of the ratchet includes the abnormal state of ratchet running jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet running deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven ratchet running rotation; The intelligent analysis and warning device performs ratchet running abnormal warning processing on the abnormal running state of the ratchet to obtain ratchet running abnormal warning information data;

[0008] Step S4: Upload the ratchet running abnormal warning information data to the preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator for abnormal operation and maintenance response, generate an intelligent operation and maintenance response strategy for the escalator ratchet running abnormality, and execute the corresponding intelligent operation and maintenance work for the escalator ratchet running abnormality.

[0009] Further, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0010] Step S11: Analyze the key points for running monitoring of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the key points for running monitoring of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0011] Step S12: Install and deploy ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors at the key points for running monitoring of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors to perform real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle;

[0012] Step S13: Connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to the intelligent analysis and warning device through the dedicated cable built into the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator.

[0013] Further, step S11 includes the following steps:

[0014] Through the analysis of the running dynamic function evaluation of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, obtain the running dynamic data of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0015] Analyze the ratchet running monitoring target based on the running dynamic data of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the ratchet running monitoring target of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0016] Analyze the operating stress and the constraint range of the sensor monitoring of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake to obtain the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure;

[0017] Based on the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure, conduct a dynamic simulation analysis of the ratchet operation monitoring target of the escalator additional brake to obtain the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operating monitoring conditions;

[0018] According to the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operating monitoring conditions, conduct an analysis of the key points of the ratchet operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure to obtain the key points of the ratchet operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake.

[0019] Further, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0020] Step S21: Perform a time series synchronization process on the real-time change data of the ratchet operation position and the real-time change data of the ratchet operation angle through an intelligent analysis and warning device to obtain the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet operation position and the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet operation angle;

[0021] Step S22: Conduct a dynamic displacement change analysis on the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet operation position to obtain the time series change data of the ratchet operation dynamic displacement;

[0022] Step S23: Collect the ratchet operation time points for the time series change data of the ratchet operation dynamic displacement and the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet operation angle to obtain the ratchet operation dynamic displacement data and the ratchet operation angle data at each operation time point;

[0023] Step S24: Conduct a ratchet operation speed analysis on the ratchet operation dynamic displacement data at each operation time point to obtain the ratchet operation speed change data;

[0024] Step S25: Conduct a ratchet operation rotation angle analysis on the ratchet operation angle data at each operation time point to obtain the ratchet operation rotation angle change data.

[0025] Further, step S22 includes the following steps:

[0026] Conduct a statistical analysis of the position change amplitude of the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet operation position to obtain the ratchet operation position change distribution amplitude data;

[0027] Perform periodic time series window division on the ratchet running position time series synchronous change data based on the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data to obtain the ratchet running position change data within each running periodic time series window;

[0028] Perform position change spectrum conversion analysis on the ratchet running position change data within each running periodic time series window to obtain the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum within each running periodic time series window;

[0029] Perform position change fluctuation frequency analysis on the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum within each running periodic time series window to obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time series window; Based on the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time series window, perform position change period quantization calculation on the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum within each running periodic time series window to obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation period within each running periodic time series window;

[0030] Perform dynamic displacement statistical analysis on the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum within each running periodic time series window according to the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency and the ratchet running position change fluctuation period within each running periodic time series window to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time series window;

[0031] Perform time series change window merging on the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time series window to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement time series change data.

[0032] Further, the periodic time series window division of the ratchet running position time series synchronous change data based on the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data includes the following steps:

[0033] Draw a position distribution amplitude diagram for the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data to generate a ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram;

[0034] Perform change amplitude feature analysis on the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to obtain the ratchet running position distribution change amplitude feature description data;

[0035] Design an amplitude periodic time series window for the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram based on the ratchet running position distribution change amplitude feature description data to generate a ratchet position change amplitude periodic time series window division rule;

[0036] Perform time series segmentation processing on the time series change within the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram according to the ratchet position change amplitude periodic time series window division rule to obtain the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time series window;

[0037] Perform periodic time window partitioning on the ratchet running position time synchronization change data corresponding to each periodic time sequence window according to the time sequence segment range corresponding to each periodic time sequence window, so as to obtain the ratchet running position change data within each running periodic time sequence window.

[0038] Further, step S24 includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S241: Calculate the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail time points within the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point, so as to obtain the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail running time points;

[0040] Step S242: Conduct statistical analysis on the total dynamic displacement between any three adjacent time points among the remaining time points within the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point, so as to obtain the total ratchet running dynamic displacement between any three adjacent running time points;

[0041] Step S243: Calculate the average speed of the ratchet running for the total ratchet running dynamic displacement between any three adjacent running time points, so as to obtain the average speed of the ratchet running between any three adjacent running time points;

[0042] Step S244: Determine the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the middle running time point by taking the average speed of the ratchet running between any three adjacent running time points, so as to obtain the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the remaining running time points;

[0043] Step S245: Conduct time sequence merging on the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail running time points and the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the remaining running time points, so as to obtain the ratchet running speed change data.

[0044] Further, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S31: Draw change fluctuation curves for the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data respectively, so as to generate a ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph and a ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph;

[0046] Step S32: Conduct recognition and analysis of the speed change fluctuation pattern on the ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph, so as to obtain the ratchet running speed change fluctuation pattern;

[0047] Step S33: Conduct recognition and analysis of the rotation angle change fluctuation pattern on the ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph, so as to obtain the ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation pattern;

[0048] Step S34: Monitor the abnormal operation of the ratchet by analyzing the fluctuation patterns of the ratchet running speed and the ratchet running rotation angle to obtain the abnormal operation state of the ratchet, where the abnormal operation state of the ratchet includes the abnormal state of ratchet running jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet running deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven ratchet running rotation;

[0049] Step S35: Use the intelligent analysis and early warning device to process the abnormal operation warning of the ratchet for the abnormal operation state of the ratchet to obtain the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet.

[0050] Further, step S34 includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S341: Judge the abnormality of the change pattern by analyzing the fluctuation patterns of the ratchet running speed and the ratchet running rotation angle. When both the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed and the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle show obvious fluctuation stagnation or low-frequency fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of ratchet running jamming;

[0052] Step S342: When the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed is relatively stable and the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of ratchet running deviation;

[0053] Step S343: When the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuation oscillation and the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle shows obvious uneven or unstable fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of uneven ratchet running rotation.

[0054] Further, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S41: Upload the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet to the preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator, and diagnose the abnormal fault of the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet through the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator to obtain the abnormal fault problem points of the ratchet operation;

[0056] Step S42: Analyze the fault operation and maintenance suggestions for the abnormal fault problem points of the ratchet operation to obtain the abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion plan for the ratchet operation;

[0057] Step S43: Through the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator, respond to the abnormal operation and maintenance suggestion plan for the abnormal fault of the ratchet operation, generate an abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy for the escalator ratchet operation, and execute the corresponding abnormal operation and maintenance work for the escalator ratchet operation.

[0058] Advantages of the present invention:

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the method for monitoring, analyzing and warning the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator proposed by the present invention is that a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor is installed on the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, and the installed ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor is used to monitor the real-time dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator. These sensors can continuously record and transmit the real-time change data of the running position and running angle of the ratchet to reflect the small changes and dynamic changes of the ratchet during operation. Through this real-time monitoring, the specific state of the ratchet during the operation of the escalator can be grasped in time, potential operation problems or abnormalities can be detected in advance, so as to effectively prevent the existing safety risks and ensure the safety of passengers and equipment. At the same time, by using the dedicated cable built into the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, the real-time change data of the running position of the ratchet and the real-time change data of the running angle of the ratchet collected previously are connected and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and warning device. This process ensures that the data obtained from the sensors can be quickly and reliably transmitted to the central processing system or intelligent device for further data analysis and warning processing. Through the connection of the dedicated cable, the stability and security of data transmission can be ensured, information loss or interference can be avoided, so as to ensure the accurate grasp and response ability of the monitoring process to the state of the ratchet. Secondly, by using the intelligent analysis and warning device to analyze the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point in the real-time change data of the ratchet running position, the analysis of the ratchet running speed is not only a simple calculation of displacement change, but also a real-time monitoring and analysis of the speed during the movement process. Through the precise analysis of the speed change data, the stability and efficiency of the ratchet operation can be evaluated, abnormal speed changes can be detected in time and responses can be made to ensure the safe operation of the escalator. The detailed rotation angle analysis is also carried out on the ratchet running angle data at each running time point. The change of the rotation angle of the ratchet reflects its movement state in the horizontal direction, which is crucial for evaluating the overall smoothness and reliability of the escalator operation. Through the analysis of the angle change data, uneven rotation or abnormal rotation phenomena can be detected, providing a scientific basis for the timely adjustment and maintenance of the subsequent operation state. Then, by analyzing the corresponding speed change fluctuation pattern from the ratchet running speed change data, this analysis is not limited to simple fluctuation detection, but also includes multiple aspects such as frequency analysis, amplitude analysis and periodic characteristic analysis. By deeply analyzing the fluctuation pattern, common or abnormal patterns in the ratchet operation can be identified, such as sudden increase, gradual decrease, periodic change, etc., so as to detect existing fault problems or abnormal situations in advance. The corresponding rotation angle change fluctuation pattern is also analyzed from the ratchet running rotation angle change data, aiming to reveal the dynamic characteristics and laws of the ratchet in terms of rotation angle change. This analysis not only covers the fluctuation pattern of the angular velocity, but also takes into account factors such as directional change and rotation stability.By identifying the fluctuation patterns of the rotation angle, the running stability and rotation uniformity of the ratchet can be evaluated, abnormal angle changes can be detected and subsequent processing and adjustment can be carried out. Moreover, by monitoring the abnormal operation of the ratchet through the fluctuation patterns of the running speed change and the rotation angle change of the ratchet obtained from the previous analysis, the aim is to capture the abnormal operation states of the ratchet, and these abnormal states include but are not limited to jamming, deviation, and uneven rotation, etc. By comprehensively analyzing the fluctuation patterns of speed and angle, the abnormal conditions in the ratchet operation can be effectively identified and located, early warnings can be given for existing abnormal fault problems, and targeted maintenance and adjustment can be carried out to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment. By using the intelligent analysis and warning device to process and feedback the detected abnormal operation state of the ratchet, ratchet operation abnormal warning information data can be obtained. The key to this step is to convert the abnormal situation into actual warning information so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take necessary measures in time. The warning information is not limited to alarm notifications, but also includes content such as analysis of abnormal causes, repair suggestions, and future preventive measures, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of abnormal fault monitoring. Finally, by uploading the ratchet operation abnormal warning information data obtained from the previous warning to the preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators, and giving suggestions for fault operation and maintenance for the ratchet operation abnormal fault problem points obtained from the big data platform. In this step, professional operation and maintenance personnel use the data analysis tools and algorithms provided by the platform to deeply analyze and evaluate the abnormal problems. Through this analysis, the root causes of the abnormalities can be identified, such as structural design defects of the equipment, wear conditions of components, or operation errors, etc. On the basis of the analysis, specific operation and maintenance suggestion plans are generated, including repair plans, suggestions for replacing parts, adjustment of operation specifications, etc., aiming to restore the normal operation state of the ratchet and improve the reliability and stability of the ratchet structure. In addition, the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators is also used to respond to the abnormal operation and maintenance suggestion plan for the ratchet, so as to automatically generate a detailed abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy according to the analysis results and suggestions of the previous two steps. This includes specific operation procedures, personnel deployment arrangements, equipment adjustment and monitoring strategies, etc., aiming to quickly and effectively solve the abnormal operation problems of the ratchet. Through the real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism of the big data platform, it is ensured that the implementation process of the operation and maintenance response strategy can be adjusted and optimized in time to minimize the downtime and production losses of the escalator ratchet structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the method for monitoring, analyzing, and warning the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a detailed schematic diagram of the process steps of step S1 in

[0063] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a detailed schematic diagram of the process steps of step S11 in Specific embodiments

[0064] The technical method of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] To achieve the above object, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the present invention provides an automatic escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method, and the method includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S1: Install and deploy a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor on the automatic escalator additional brake ratchet structure, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor to monitor the real-time dynamic changes of the automatic escalator additional brake ratchet structure to obtain real-time change data of the ratchet running position and real-time change data of the ratchet running angle; connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through a dedicated cable built into the automatic escalator additional brake ratchet structure;

[0067] Step S2: Collect ratchet running parameter data from the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle through the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain ratchet running speed change data and ratchet running rotation angle change data;

[0068] Step S3: Monitor the abnormal operation of the ratchet based on the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data to obtain the abnormal running state of the ratchet, where the abnormal running state of the ratchet includes ratchet running jamming abnormal state, ratchet running offset abnormal state, and ratchet running rotation uneven abnormal state; perform ratchet running abnormal early warning processing on the abnormal running state of the ratchet through the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain ratchet running abnormal early warning information data;

[0069] Step S4: Upload the ratchet running abnormal early warning information data to a preset automatic escalator intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for abnormal operation and maintenance response, generate an automatic escalator ratchet running abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy, and execute corresponding automatic escalator ratchet running abnormal operation and maintenance work.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the step flow of the ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method for the additional brake of the escalator of the present invention. In this example, the ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method for the additional brake of the escalator includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: Install and deploy a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor on the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor to perform real-time monitoring of the ratchet dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, so as to obtain the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle; Connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through the special cable built into the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0072] In the embodiments of the present invention, by determining corresponding operation monitoring key points on the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator and installing and deploying corresponding ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors (including running position sensors and running angle monitors), it is ensured that the position changes and angle changes of the ratchet during operation can be accurately captured. At the same time, the ratchet dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator are monitored in real time by using the deployed ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors, so as to continuously monitor, record and transmit the real-time change data of the running position and running angle of the ratchet, and reflect the minor changes and dynamic changes of the ratchet during operation, thereby obtaining the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle. Then, by using the special cable with strong high-temperature resistance and anti-interference ability built into the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator, the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle obtained by the previous real-time monitoring are connected and transmitted into the intelligent analysis and early warning device built into the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator.

[0073] Step S2: The intelligent analysis and early warning device collects ratchet operation parameters from the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle, so as to obtain the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data;

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using an intelligent analysis and early warning device to perform a change analysis of dynamic displacement on the real-time change data of the running position of the ratchet wheel received, this involves statistically analyzing the change data of the running position to reveal the displacement change of the ratchet wheel in the axial direction. Specifically, the dynamic displacement of the ratchet wheel during operation can be analyzed by calculating the displacement change amount, change rate, and possible periodic characteristics within each periodic time sequence window, and the acquisition of the running time points of the ratchet wheel is carried out through the ratchet wheel running dynamic displacement time sequence change data and the ratchet wheel running angle time sequence synchronous change data obtained from the previous analysis, so as to extract the dynamic displacement and angle data of the ratchet wheel at specific time points from the time sequence data, thereby obtaining the dynamic displacement and angle change data of the ratchet wheel at different running stages. At the same time, by using the corresponding running speed analysis method to statistically analyze the running speed of the ratchet wheel running dynamic displacement data at each previously acquired running time point, the change of the running speed of the ratchet wheel is calculated and analyzed according to the dynamic displacement data to understand the speed characteristics and change trends of the ratchet wheel during operation. Specifically, the instantaneous speed of the ratchet wheel at each time point can be estimated by performing a differential calculation on the dynamic displacement data at adjacent time points, thereby obtaining the ratchet wheel running speed change data. Then, by using the corresponding rotation angle analysis method to statistically analyze the running rotation angle of the ratchet wheel running angle data at each previously acquired running time point, the statistical analysis of the rotation angle data of the ratchet wheel is realized to understand the rotation characteristics and change rules of the ratchet wheel during operation. For example, in the case of an additional brake of an escalator, by analyzing the rotation angle data of the ratchet wheel, it can be checked whether the ratchet wheel maintains a stable rotation angle during operation, or whether there are abnormal rotation behaviors, such as sudden changes in rotation speed or rotation amplitudes exceeding the normal range, and finally the ratchet wheel running rotation angle change data is obtained.

[0075] Step S3: Monitor the abnormal operation of the ratchet wheel based on the ratchet wheel running speed change data and the ratchet wheel running rotation angle change data to obtain the abnormal running state of the ratchet wheel, where the abnormal running state of the ratchet wheel includes the ratchet wheel running jam abnormal state, the ratchet wheel running offset abnormal state, and the ratchet wheel running rotation uneven abnormal state; perform ratchet wheel running abnormal early warning processing on the abnormal running state of the ratchet wheel through the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain the ratchet wheel running abnormal early warning information data;

[0076] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a corresponding data visualization tool, the data on the change in the running speed of the ratchet and the data on the change in the rotation angle of the ratchet obtained from previous analysis are visually plotted to form a change fluctuation curve graph, with the horizontal axis being the time axis and the vertical axis being the running speed or the rotation angle. These curve graphs can intuitively display the change trend and fluctuation of the ratchet during operation. Then, by using data analysis and pattern recognition algorithms, the change fluctuation pattern of the previously plotted running speed change fluctuation curve graph and the running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph is identified and analyzed to automatically identify the fluctuation patterns of the ratchet speed change and the rotation angle change. In this way, it is possible to detect whether there are abnormal change fluctuation patterns such as low-frequency oscillations or sudden high-frequency fluctuations, and monitor and judge the specific change patterns obtained from the analysis. According to the previously identified fluctuation patterns, the abnormal state is judged and classified. For example, if both the speed fluctuation pattern and the rotation angle fluctuation pattern show obvious low-frequency oscillations or stagnation, it is determined that the ratchet has a risk of running jamming; if the speed fluctuation pattern is relatively stable but the rotation angle fluctuation pattern shows high-frequency or irregular fluctuations, it is determined that the ratchet has a risk of running deviation; and if the speed fluctuation pattern shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuations and the rotation angle fluctuation pattern shows uneven or unstable fluctuations, it is determined that the ratchet has a risk of uneven running rotation. Finally, the abnormal running state of the ratchet is obtained, where the abnormal running state of the ratchet includes the abnormal state of ratchet running jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet running deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven ratchet running rotation. Then, by using an intelligent analysis and early warning device, corresponding running early warning processing is performed on the previously monitored and judged abnormal running state of the ratchet (including the abnormal state of ratchet running jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet running deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven ratchet running rotation). Once the intelligent analysis and early warning device detects that the ratchet is in an abnormal state of jamming, deviation, or uneven rotation, it will immediately issue an alarm to notify the operation and maintenance personnel or relevant departments. Such early warning processing can respond to abnormal situations in a timely manner and convert the corresponding abnormal situations into actual early warning information. The early warning information not only includes alarm notifications but also includes content such as analysis of the cause of the abnormality, repair suggestions, and future preventive measures. Finally, the abnormal operation early warning information data of the ratchet is obtained.

[0077] Step S4: Upload the abnormal operation early warning information data of the ratchet to a preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators to generate an abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy for the escalator ratchet operation, and execute the corresponding abnormal operation and maintenance work for the escalator ratchet operation.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet operation abnormal warning information data obtained from the previous warning is uploaded to a preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators. For example, when the rotation speed of the ratchet exceeds the preset range or the change in the rotation angle is abnormal, the intelligent analysis and warning device will automatically upload this warning information data to the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform. The uploaded warning information data includes the time of the abnormality occurrence, the description of the specific abnormal phenomenon, and the prediction of the possible cause. And by using the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators to perform abnormal fault diagnosis on the received ratchet operation abnormal warning information data, the platform will use data analysis and fault diagnosis algorithms to deeply analyze and compare the uploaded abnormal warning information data. For example, through the comparative analysis with historical data, the platform can identify the occurrence patterns of similar problems or potential fault points. At the same time, further suggestions for fault operation and maintenance are provided for the previously identified ratchet operation abnormal fault problem points. After diagnosing and confirming the fault points existing in the ratchet structure, the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform will start the process of fault analysis and operation and maintenance suggestions. For example, if it is diagnosed that there is an abnormality in the ratchet bearing part, the platform will recommend regular lubrication or replacement of the bearing to avoid further damage, thereby generating a specific operation and maintenance suggestion plan, including repair plans, replacement part suggestions, operation specification adjustments, etc. Then, by using the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators to perform response processing for abnormal operation and maintenance on the previously generated operation and maintenance suggestion plan, according to the analysis results and suggestions of the previous abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion plan, a detailed abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy is automatically generated, which includes specific operation procedures, personnel allocation arrangements, equipment adjustments, and monitoring strategies, etc. Notify the relevant maintenance personnel to go to the site for repair or replacement of key components, and ensure that the abnormal situation can be promptly responded to and resolved, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the escalator, and finally generating the corresponding escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy to execute the corresponding escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance work.

[0079] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0080] Step S11: Analyze the key points for operation monitoring of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the key points for operation monitoring of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0081] Step S12: Install and deploy ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors at the key points for operation monitoring of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors to perform real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the real-time change data of the ratchet operation position and the real-time change data of the ratchet operation angle;

[0082] Step S13: Connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through the dedicated cable built in the escalator additional brake ratchet structure.

[0083] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 shown, for Figure 1 the detailed step flow diagram of step S1 in

[0084] Step S11: Obtain the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet by analyzing the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, by analyzing the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure, first, the engineer team needs to analyze the brake ratchet structure of the escalator in detail, which includes the design and installation position of the ratchet, and its role in the escalator system. Then, the operation characteristics of the brake ratchet during normal operation will be checked, such as motion stability, mechanical transmission efficiency, and service life, etc. Through on-site observation and structural analysis, the key points that occur during the operation of the ratchet can be determined, such as the stress concentration area, the area with a faster wear rate, etc. Finally, the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet are obtained.

[0086] Step S12: Install and deploy ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors at the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet, and use the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors to perform real-time monitoring of the ratchet dynamic changes of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure, so as to obtain the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present invention, by installing and deploying corresponding ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors (including running position sensors and running angle monitors) at the key points for monitoring the operation of the escalator additional brake ratchet determined previously, it is ensured that the position change and angle change of the ratchet during operation can be accurately captured, and the real-time monitoring of the ratchet dynamic changes of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure is performed by using the deployed ratchet dynamic monitoring sensors, so as to continuously monitor, record and transmit the real-time change data of the running position and running angle of the ratchet, and reflect the minor changes and dynamic changes of the ratchet during operation. Finally, the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle are obtained.

[0088] Step S13: Connect and transmit the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through the dedicated cable built in the escalator additional brake ratchet structure.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a special cable with high temperature resistance and strong anti-interference ability built into the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake, the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle obtained from the previous real-time monitoring are connected and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and warning device built into the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake. This process needs to ensure the stability of the transmission line and the reliability of data transmission, so as to timely feedback and analyze the monitored data.

[0090] Preferably, step S11 includes the following steps:

[0091] By conducting a dynamic function evaluation and analysis of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake, the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the escalator additional brake is obtained;

[0092] Conduct a ratchet operation monitoring target analysis on the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the escalator additional brake to obtain the ratchet operation monitoring target of the escalator additional brake;

[0093] Conduct an analysis of the operating stress and the sensor monitoring range constraint of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake to obtain the operating stress field constraint condition of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific condition of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure;

[0094] Based on the operating stress field constraint condition of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific condition of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure, conduct a dynamic simulation analysis of the ratchet operation monitoring target of the escalator additional brake to obtain the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operating monitoring working conditions;

[0095] According to the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operating monitoring working conditions, conduct an analysis of the key points of the ratchet structure operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake to obtain the key points of the ratchet structure operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake.

[0096] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 shown, for Figure 2 the detailed step flow schematic diagram of step S11 in

[0097] S111: By conducting a dynamic function evaluation and analysis of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake, the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the escalator additional brake is obtained;

[0098] In an embodiment of the present invention, a functional characteristic statistical method is used to evaluate and analyze the dynamic functional characteristics of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of an escalator, so as to deeply understand various dynamic functional characteristics of the ratchet during actual operation. This includes, but is not limited to, the structural design parameters of the ratchet, the mechanical properties of the material, the friction characteristics, the wear resistance, and the coordination with other components of the escalator. Taking the material characteristics of the ratchet as an example, key characteristics such as hardness, elastic modulus, and wear resistance can be determined through material mechanics tests and analyses. At the same time, through geometric shape analysis, the tooth profile parameters of the ratchet gear, such as the number of teeth, tooth height, tooth pitch, etc., can be determined. These parameters directly affect the grasping and stability of the ratchet during actual operation. In addition, the influence of the friction coefficient, that is, the friction performance when the ratchet contacts the brake or other related components, also needs to be considered. This has an important impact on the braking effect and energy loss, and finally the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator is obtained.

[0099] S112: Analyze the monitoring objectives of the ratchet operation for the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the monitoring objectives of the ratchet operation of the additional brake of the escalator;

[0100] In an embodiment of the present invention, by identifying and analyzing the monitoring objectives of the ratchet operation for the dynamic operation data of the ratchet of the additional brake of the escalator obtained from the previous analysis, the specific monitoring objectives and indicators are determined, so as to effectively monitor and evaluate the operation status and performance of the ratchet during the operation of the equipment. For example, by analyzing the friction coefficient and structural strength of the ratchet, the monitoring objectives can be determined as the friction loss situation and the degree of structural deformation of the ratchet. In actual monitoring, the monitoring objective will be set as the change rate of the friction coefficient of the ratchet during a specific operation cycle, or the wear depth and morphological changes on the surface of the ratchet. These monitoring objectives help to timely detect the specific areas with abnormalities or performance degradation in the ratchet, and finally the monitoring objectives of the ratchet operation of the additional brake of the escalator are obtained.

[0101] S113: Analyze the constraints of the operating stress and the sensor monitoring range of the ratchet structure of the additional brake of the escalator to obtain the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the ratchet structure of the escalator and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the ratchet structure of the escalator;

[0102] In the embodiments of the present invention, by using finite element analysis technology to conduct a constraint analysis on the operating stress and the sensor monitoring range of the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake, the mechanical stress and environmental constraint conditions suffered by the ratchet during actual operation, as well as the adaptability and effectiveness of the sensor monitoring range are evaluated. For example, through finite element analysis technology, the stress distribution of the ratchet under different load conditions can be simulated to determine the stress field distribution when it bears the rated working load. At the same time, by analyzing the monitoring range constraint of the sensor, it can be ensured that the installed sensor can accurately monitor the key operating parameters of the ratchet, such as displacement, speed, and temperature, etc. Finally, the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure are obtained.

[0103] S114: Based on the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure, conduct a dynamic simulation analysis of the ratchet operation monitoring target of the escalator additional brake to obtain the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions;

[0104] In the embodiments of the present invention, by combining the constraint conditions of the operating stress field of the escalator ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the sensor monitoring range of the escalator ratchet structure obtained from the previous constraint analysis, use a computer-aided simulation tool to conduct a dynamic simulation of the ratchet operation of the corresponding escalator additional brake monitoring target, so as to simulate and analyze the operation process of the ratchet based on the actual operation conditions and constraint conditions, and set up a simulation scenario according to the actual monitoring target, simulate the operation of the ratchet under different load, speed, and temperature conditions. These simulation data can include the force-bearing situation, movement trajectory, friction characteristics, and possible wear trend prediction of the ratchet, so as to evaluate the stability and performance changes of the ratchet under different working conditions, and finally obtain the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions.

[0105] S115: According to the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions, conduct an analysis of the key points of the operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake ratchet structure to obtain the key points of the operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake ratchet.

[0106] In the embodiments of the present invention, by combining the dynamic operation data of the escalator ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions generated from the previous simulation, conduct an identification analysis of the key monitoring points of the corresponding escalator additional brake ratchet structure, so as to determine the key monitoring points affecting the ratchet operation state in the wear position or stress concentration deformation area that appears during the dynamic simulation process of the ratchet operation, such as the force-concentrated part, the area with a faster wear rate, etc. Finally, obtain the key points of the operation monitoring of the escalator additional brake ratchet.

[0107] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0108] Step S21: Perform time-series synchronization processing on the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle through an intelligent analysis and warning device to obtain the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running position and the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running angle;

[0109] In the embodiment of the present invention, by using an intelligent analysis and warning device to perform time-series synchronization processing on the received real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle, it is ensured that the position and angle data collected from different sensors can be accurately time-synchronized, that is, to ensure their alignment and consistency in time. This process involves the management of timestamps and the application of data synchronization algorithms to ensure that the data obtained at each time point can accurately reflect the actual running state of the ratchet, and finally obtain the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running position and the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running angle.

[0110] Step S22: Perform dynamic displacement change analysis on the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running position to obtain the time-series change data of the ratchet running dynamic displacement;

[0111] In the embodiment of the present invention, by performing dynamic displacement change analysis on the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running position obtained after time-series synchronization, this involves statistical and analytical processing of the running position change data to reveal the displacement change of the ratchet in the axial direction. Specifically, the dynamic displacement of the ratchet during operation can be analyzed by calculating the displacement change amount, change rate, and possible periodic characteristics within each periodic time-series window, and finally obtain the time-series change data of the ratchet running dynamic displacement.

[0112] Step S23: Collect the ratchet running time points for the time-series change data of the ratchet running dynamic displacement and the time-series synchronized change data of the ratchet running angle to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement data and the ratchet running angle data at each running time point;

[0113] In an embodiment of the present invention, by collecting the ratchet running time points based on the dynamic displacement time series change data and the angular time series synchronous change data of the ratchet obtained from the previous analysis, the dynamic displacement and angular data of the ratchet at specific time points are extracted from the time series data to establish a data set of time points. For example, for the ratchet monitoring of the additional brake of an escalator, specific time points can be selected for data collection according to actual operation needs, such as the start or end moment of each operation cycle. By collecting data at these time points, the dynamic displacement and angular change data of the ratchet at different operation stages can be obtained, and finally, the ratchet running dynamic displacement data and the ratchet running angular data at each operation time point are obtained.

[0114] Step S24: Analyze the running speed of the ratchet based on the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point to obtain the ratchet running speed change data;

[0115] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using the corresponding running speed analysis method to perform statistical analysis on the running speed of the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each previously collected running time point, the running speed change of the ratchet is calculated and analyzed based on the dynamic displacement data to understand the speed characteristics and change trends of the ratchet during operation. Specifically, the differential calculation can be performed on the dynamic displacement data at adjacent time points to estimate the instantaneous speed of the ratchet at each time point. These instantaneous speed data can be used to analyze the acceleration, deceleration, and possible running fluctuations of the ratchet, and finally, the ratchet running speed change data is obtained.

[0116] Step S25: Analyze the running rotation angle of the ratchet based on the ratchet running angular data at each running time point to obtain the ratchet running rotation angle change data.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using the corresponding rotation angle analysis method to perform statistical analysis on the running rotation angle of the ratchet running angular data at each previously collected running time point, the statistical analysis of the rotation angle data of the ratchet is realized to understand the rotation characteristics and change rules of the ratchet during operation. For example, in the case of the additional brake of an escalator, by analyzing the rotation angle data of the ratchet, it can be checked whether the ratchet maintains a stable rotation angle during operation, or whether there are abnormal rotation behaviors, such as sudden changes in rotation speed or rotation amplitudes exceeding the normal range, and finally, the ratchet running rotation angle change data is obtained.

[0118] Preferably, step S22 includes the following steps:

[0119] Perform statistical analysis on the amplitude of the position change of the ratchet running position time series synchronous change data to obtain the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data;

[0120] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a variation amplitude statistical method to perform statistical analysis on the position variation amplitude of the ratchet running position time-series synchronous variation data obtained from previous analysis, so as to statistically calculate the amplitude of the ratchet position variation at each time point or time period. This amplitude can be the absolute position variation or the variation amount relative to a certain reference position, and finally obtain the ratchet running position variation distribution amplitude data.

[0121] Preferably, based on the ratchet running position variation distribution amplitude data, perform periodic time-series window division on the ratchet running position time-series synchronous variation data to obtain the ratchet running position variation data within each running periodic time-series window;

[0122] In an embodiment of the present invention, by combining the ratchet running position variation distribution amplitude data obtained from previous analysis, perform synchronous division of the corresponding ratchet running position time-series synchronous variation data into periodic time-series windows to capture and analyze the periodic characteristics of the ratchet position variation, such as the position fluctuations caused by the device operation mode or load changes. In this way, according to the position variation amplitude data obtained in the previous step, an appropriate time window is set to divide the time-series data. For example, the ratchet position variation data within a day will be divided into several-hour or -minute windows, and each window represents the position variation under the same periodic fluctuation condition. This division can help better understand and analyze the running characteristics of the ratchet in different time periods, and finally obtain the ratchet running position variation data within each running periodic time-series window.

[0123] Preferably, perform position variation spectrum conversion analysis on the ratchet running position variation data within each running periodic time-series window to obtain the ratchet running position variation distribution spectrum within each running periodic time-series window;

[0124] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using Fourier transform or other spectrum analysis methods to perform spectrum conversion processing on the ratchet running position variation data within each running periodic time-series window obtained from previous division, so as to convert the position variation data in the time domain into a frequency domain representation, in order to analyze the contribution degree of different frequency components to the ratchet running position variation, and convert the position variation data within each time-series window into a spectrogram. For example, spectrum conversion will be performed on the time-series window data for a certain hour to obtain the corresponding spectrogram. This spectrogram can show the main frequency components and their intensities of the ratchet position variation within this time period, helping to identify the main periodic characteristics affecting the ratchet operation, and finally obtain the ratchet running position variation distribution spectrum within each running periodic time-series window.

[0125] Preferably, perform a position change fluctuation frequency analysis on the spectrum of the ratchet running position change distribution within each running periodic time sequence window to obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time sequence window; based on the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time sequence window, perform a position change period quantization calculation on the spectrum of the ratchet running position change distribution within each running periodic time sequence window to obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation period within each running periodic time sequence window.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present invention, by using the mathematical frequency statistical method to perform a statistical analysis of the fluctuation frequency on the spectrum of the ratchet running position change distribution within each running periodic time sequence window obtained previously, to determine the fluctuation situation of the main frequency components in each spectrogram, that is, the change frequency or periodicity of these frequency components, and calculate their change frequencies. For example, a peak of a specific frequency will be identified from the spectrogram, indicating the significant presence of this frequency component within a certain periodic time sequence window. Then, the change frequency of this frequency component will be calculated, such as the number of occurrences or the number of cycles per minute or per hour, which helps to understand the periodic fluctuation characteristics of the ratchet position change, so as to obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time sequence window. At the same time, by combining the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency within each running periodic time sequence window obtained from the previous analysis, perform a quantization calculation of the position change period on the spectrum of the ratchet running position change distribution within the corresponding running periodic time sequence window, so as to use the result of the fluctuation frequency for quantitatively describing the periodic characteristics of the ratchet position change. For example, according to the fluctuation frequency calculated previously, perform a period quantization on the frequency components in the spectrogram, which includes determining the main period of each frequency component, that is, the time interval that repeats in the time series. The quantization calculation of these periodic characteristics can help to more accurately predict and analyze the position change trend and law of the ratchet within different running cycles, and finally obtain the ratchet running position change fluctuation period within each running periodic time sequence window.

[0127] Preferably, perform a dynamic displacement statistical analysis on the spectrum of the ratchet running position change distribution within each running periodic time sequence window according to the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency and the ratchet running position change fluctuation period within each running periodic time sequence window to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time sequence window.

[0128] In an embodiment of the present invention, by combining the change fluctuation frequency of the ratchet running position within each running periodic time sequence window and the change fluctuation period of the ratchet running position obtained from the previous analysis, a statistical calculation of the dynamic displacement of the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum within each corresponding running periodic time sequence window is performed to quantitatively calculate the specific value of the running displacement of the ratchet in the axial direction within one change fluctuation period of the running position change spectrum on the time axis within each time sequence window, and finally, the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time sequence window is obtained.

[0129] Preferably, the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time sequence window is merged in a time sequence change window to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement time sequence change data.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet running dynamic displacement data within each running periodic time sequence window obtained from the previous analysis is merged in a time sequence change window in the order of time, so as to integrate the scattered data into a continuous time sequence change curve, and to integrate and smooth the data within adjacent time sequence windows, making the change trend of the ratchet dynamic displacement clearer and more coherent, and finally obtaining the ratchet running dynamic displacement time sequence change data.

[0131] Preferably, the periodic time sequence window division of the ratchet running position time sequence synchronous change data based on the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data includes the following steps:

[0132] Draw a position distribution amplitude diagram for the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data to generate a ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram;

[0133] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a corresponding data visualization tool to draw a distribution amplitude graph of the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data obtained from the previous analysis, to record the position changes of the ratchet at different time points. These data are stored in the form of a time series, and drawing processing is performed on these position change data. Usually, the generated position distribution amplitude diagram will use time as the horizontal axis and the amplitude of the ratchet position change as the vertical axis to draw a curve or chart that changes with time. This kind of chart can intuitively display the position fluctuation of the ratchet during operation, and finally generate a ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram.

[0134] Preferably, analyze the change amplitude characteristics of the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to obtain the ratchet running position distribution change amplitude characteristic description data;

[0135] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a data feature analysis method to perform statistical analysis on the amplitude change features of the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram generated by previous drawing, various position change features appearing in the diagram are analyzed in detail, such as peaks, fluctuation frequencies, amplitude sizes, etc. For example, each peak and trough in the ratchet position distribution amplitude diagram will be analyzed, the corresponding amplitude change will be calculated, and the feature points of the amplitude change will be found. These feature points can help understand the position change law of the ratchet under different operating conditions, and finally obtain the description data of the amplitude change features of the ratchet running position distribution.

[0136] Preferably, based on the description data of the amplitude change features of the ratchet running position distribution, an amplitude periodic time series window design is performed on the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to generate a division rule for the amplitude periodic time series window of the ratchet position change;

[0137] In an embodiment of the present invention, by combining the description data of the amplitude change features of the ratchet running position distribution obtained from the previous analysis, a time series window design is performed on each amplitude periodic change range in the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram, so as to set different periodic time series windows according to the position change amplitude features obtained from the previous analysis. These windows are divided based on time periods or the frequency of amplitude changes to ensure that the periodic features of the ratchet position change can be effectively captured and analyzed. For example, the amplitude diagram will be divided into multiple time series windows, and each time series window represents the amplitude change range of the position under the same periodic fluctuation condition within a certain period of time. Finally, the corresponding division rule for the amplitude periodic time series window of the ratchet position change is designed and generated.

[0138] Preferably, according to the division rule for the amplitude periodic time series window of the ratchet position change, time series segmentation processing is performed on the time series change in the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to obtain the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time series window;

[0139] In an embodiment of the present invention, by combining the division rule for the amplitude periodic time series window of the ratchet position change obtained from the previous analysis, time series segmentation processing is performed on the corresponding time series change in the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram, so as to segment the overall position change data according to the preset window rule, thereby obtaining the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time series window. For example, assuming that according to the previous analysis, the amplitude diagram is divided into three periodic time series windows, which respectively correspond to the amplitude change ranges of the position under different periodic fluctuation conditions. In this case, according to the time range or amplitude characteristics of each window, the data in the amplitude diagram will be divided into three time series segments, and each segment of data represents a specific stage or periodic feature of the ratchet position change within this time series window. Finally, the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time series window is obtained.

[0140] Preferably, based on the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time window, the time series synchronization change data of the ratchet running position is divided into periodic time windows to obtain the ratchet running position change data within each running periodic time window.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present invention, by combining the time series segment range corresponding to each previously divided periodic time window, the time series synchronization change data of the corresponding ratchet running position is divided into corresponding periodic time windows, so as to synchronously process the actual position time series data according to the foregoing segmentation result, so as to ensure that the data within each periodic window can accurately reflect the actual situation of the ratchet position change. For example, according to the three defined periodic windows, the data within the time period corresponding to each window is extracted from the original position time series data. These data can be specific position coordinates or position change rates, so that the position change trend and law of the ratchet within different running cycles can be analyzed and understood more accurately. Finally, the ratchet running position change data within each running periodic time window is obtained.

[0142] Preferably, step S24 includes the following steps:

[0143] Step S241: Calculate the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail time points within the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point to obtain the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail running time points.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present invention, by determining the head and tail time points within the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point, and extracting the corresponding dynamic displacement, and at the same time using the dynamic displacement difference and time calculation between the time points to deduce the instantaneous speed of the ratchet at these two head and tail time points. For example, after determining the dynamic displacement at the head and tail time points, then extract the dynamic displacement at the second time point and the second-to-last time point from them, and perform displacement difference calculation with the dynamic displacement at the head and tail time points respectively. At the same time, calculate the average speed of the ratchet within a very short time interval according to the displacement difference and time, so as to approximately obtain the actual speed of the ratchet at this instant. Finally, the instantaneous speed of the ratchet running at the head and tail running time points is obtained.

[0145] Step S242: Conduct a statistical analysis of the total dynamic displacement between any three adjacent time points among the remaining time points within the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point to obtain the total ratchet running dynamic displacement between any three adjacent running time points.

[0146] In the embodiments of the present invention, by arbitrarily selecting three adjacent time points among the remaining time points (i.e., excluding the first and last time points) for statistical analysis of the total dynamic displacement, during the monitoring of the operation of the ratchet, except for the first and last time points, any three adjacent time points are selected, and the total dynamic displacement between these time points is statistically analyzed. For example, time points T1, T2, and T3 can be selected. First, the dynamic displacement differences between T1 and T2 and between T2 and T3 are statistically analyzed, and then the two dynamic displacement differences are added together to calculate the overall movement amount of the ratchet during this time period. Finally, the total dynamic displacement of the ratchet operation between any other three adjacent operating time points is obtained.

[0147] Step S243: Calculate the average running speed of the ratchet between any other three adjacent operating time points to obtain the average running speed of the ratchet between any other three adjacent operating time points;

[0148] In the embodiments of the present invention, the average speed during this time period is obtained by dividing the total dynamic displacement of the ratchet operation between any other three adjacent operating time points previously calculated and statistically analyzed by the corresponding time interval. For example, the average speed between time points T1, T2, and T3 can be calculated, and based on these data, the average running speed of the ratchet during this period can be inferred. Finally, the average running speed of the ratchet between any other three adjacent operating time points is obtained.

[0149] Step S244: Determine the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the middle operating time point by taking the average running speed of the ratchet between any other three adjacent operating time points to obtain the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the remaining operating time points;

[0150] In the embodiments of the present invention, by further determining the average running speed of the ratchet between any other three adjacent operating time points as the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the middle operating time point, the purpose of this step is to use the calculated average speed as an approximation of the instantaneous speed at the middle time point. For example, assuming that the average speed between time points T1, T2, and T3 has been calculated as Vavg, then Vavg will be used as the approximation of the instantaneous speed at time point T2. This approximation process can effectively fill the data gaps between time points, resulting in more continuous and accurate speed change data. Finally, the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the remaining operating time points is obtained.

[0151] Step S245: Perform time series merging on the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the first and last operating time points and the instantaneous running speed of the ratchet at the remaining operating time points to obtain the ratchet running speed change data.

[0152] In an embodiment of the present invention, by merging the instantaneous ratchet running speeds at the head and tail running time points obtained from the previous analysis and the instantaneous ratchet running speeds at the remaining running time points in time sequence, the instantaneous speed data at all time points are integrated in chronological order, so as to obtain a complete ratchet running speed change data sequence, and finally the ratchet running speed change data is obtained.

[0153] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0154] Step S31: Draw change fluctuation curves for the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data respectively, so as to generate a ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph and a ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph;

[0155] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using a corresponding data visualization tool to perform visual drawing of the change fluctuation curves for the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data obtained from the previous analysis, so as to draw the corresponding change fluctuation curve graphs, with the horizontal axis as the time axis and the vertical axis as the running speed or rotation angle, these curve graphs can intuitively display the change trend and fluctuation conditions of the ratchet during operation. For example, the speed change fluctuation curve graph can show the fluctuation of the ratchet speed on the time axis, including periodic acceleration and deceleration changes; while the rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph can display the change amplitude and frequency of the ratchet rotation angle during operation, and finally generate a ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph and a ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph.

[0156] Step S32: Perform recognition and analysis of the speed change fluctuation pattern on the ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph to obtain the ratchet running speed change fluctuation pattern;

[0157] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using data analysis and pattern recognition algorithms to perform recognition and analysis of the speed change fluctuation pattern on the previously drawn ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve graph, so as to automatically identify the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet speed change. For example, through spectrum analysis or waveform recognition of the speed change curve graph, it can be detected whether there are abnormal low-frequency oscillations or sudden high-frequency fluctuations and other change fluctuation patterns, and finally the ratchet running speed change fluctuation pattern is obtained.

[0158] Step S33: Perform recognition and analysis of the rotation angle change fluctuation pattern on the ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve graph to obtain the ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation pattern;

[0159] In the embodiment of the present invention, similarly, by using data analysis and pattern recognition algorithms, the rotation angle change fluctuation pattern of the ratchet wheel obtained by previous drawing is identified and analyzed to automatically identify the rotation angle change fluctuation pattern of the ratchet wheel. For example, through spectral analysis or waveform recognition of the rotation angle change curve graph, it can be detected whether there are change fluctuation patterns such as irregular or abnormally frequent rotation angle changes, and finally the rotation angle change fluctuation pattern of the ratchet wheel operation is obtained.

[0160] Step S34: Monitor the abnormal operation of the ratchet wheel for the change fluctuation pattern of the ratchet wheel operation speed and the change fluctuation pattern of the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle to obtain the abnormal operation state of the ratchet wheel, where the abnormal operation state of the ratchet wheel includes the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet wheel operation.

[0161] In the embodiment of the present invention, through the abnormal monitoring and judgment of the specific change patterns of the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern obtained by previous identification and analysis, according to the previously identified fluctuation patterns, the judgment and classification of the abnormal state will be carried out. For example, if both the speed fluctuation pattern and the rotation angle fluctuation pattern show obvious low-frequency oscillations or stagnation, it is determined that the ratchet wheel has a risk of operation jamming; if the speed fluctuation pattern is relatively stable but the rotation angle fluctuation pattern shows high-frequency or irregular fluctuations and oscillations, it is determined that the ratchet wheel has a risk of operation deviation; and if the speed fluctuation pattern shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuations and oscillations and the rotation angle fluctuation pattern shows uneven or unstable fluctuations and oscillations, it is determined that the ratchet wheel has a risk of uneven rotation during operation. Finally, the abnormal operation state of the ratchet wheel is obtained, where the abnormal operation state of the ratchet wheel includes the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet wheel operation.

[0162] Step S35: Through the intelligent analysis and early warning device, perform early warning processing on the abnormal operation state of the ratchet wheel to obtain the ratchet wheel operation abnormal early warning information data.

[0163] In an embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent analysis and early warning device is used to perform corresponding operation early warning processing on the abnormal operation states of the ratchet wheel obtained by previous monitoring and judgment (including the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation jamming, the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation deviation, and the abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet wheel). Once the intelligent analysis and early warning device detects that the ratchet wheel is in an abnormal state of jamming, deviation, or uneven rotation, it will immediately issue an alarm to notify the operation and maintenance personnel or relevant departments. Such early warning processing can respond to abnormal situations in a timely manner and convert the corresponding abnormal situations into actual early warning information. The early warning information is not limited to alarm notifications, but also includes content such as analysis of the cause of the abnormality, repair suggestions, and future preventive measures. Finally, the early warning information data for abnormal operation of the ratchet wheel is obtained.

[0164] Preferably, step S34 includes the following steps:

[0165] Step S341: Monitor and judge the change pattern abnormality of the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern. When both the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern show obvious fluctuation stagnation or low-frequency fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation jamming;

[0166] In an embodiment of the present invention, by monitoring and judging the abnormality of the change pattern of the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern obtained by previous analysis, the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern obtained by previous analysis are respectively compared with the preset normal fluctuation range. If it is monitored that the fluctuation frequencies of the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern show obvious fluctuation stagnation or continuous low-frequency oscillation, this indicates that the operation of the ratchet wheel encounters resistance or the friction of the ratchet wheel structural components increases, resulting in the speed being affected. In this case, this fluctuation pattern will be determined as the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation jamming.

[0167] Step S342: When the ratchet wheel operation speed change fluctuation pattern is relatively stable in change fluctuation and the ratchet wheel operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of ratchet wheel operation deviation;

[0168] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is monitored that the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed changes relatively stably, but the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle changes shows high-frequency or irregular oscillations. In this case, the monitoring system will analyze the dynamic pattern of the ratchet in terms of the rotation angle change. For example, when the ratchet rotates, there will normally be a certain fluctuation in the angle change. However, if it is monitored that the fluctuation frequency suddenly increases or becomes irregular, this indicates that there are abnormal changes in the rotation direction or speed of the ratchet, which is caused by a failure of the motor control system or the unevenness of the transmission chain. Thus, this fluctuation pattern is determined as an abnormal state of the ratchet running deviation.

[0169] Step S343: When the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed changes shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuations and oscillations, and the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle changes shows obvious uneven or unstable fluctuations and oscillations, then it is monitored and determined as an abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet running.

[0170] In an embodiment of the present invention, if it is monitored that the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running speed changes shows obvious high-frequency or irregular fluctuations and oscillations, and at the same time the fluctuation pattern of the ratchet running rotation angle changes shows obvious uneven or unstable fluctuations and oscillations. In this compound abnormal state, the monitoring system will simultaneously analyze and evaluate the overall motion performance of the ratchet running. For example, if it is monitored that both the speed and angle changes show unstable fluctuations and oscillations, this indicates that there are serious coordination problems in multiple motion parameters of the ratchet structure, which is caused by a failure of the brake, sensor, or control system. Thus, this fluctuation pattern is determined as an abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet running.

[0171] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0172] Step S41: Upload the ratchet running abnormal warning information data to a preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators, and perform abnormal fault diagnosis on the ratchet running abnormal warning information data through the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators to obtain the ratchet running abnormal fault problem points;

[0173] In the embodiments of the present invention, the ratchet operation abnormal warning information data obtained from previous warnings is uploaded to a preset intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators. For example, when the rotation speed of the ratchet exceeds the preset range or the change in the rotation angle is abnormal, the intelligent analysis and warning device will automatically upload this warning information data to the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform. The uploaded warning information data includes the time of the abnormality occurrence, the description of the specific abnormal phenomenon, and the prediction of possible causes. The upload of this data is based on real-time monitoring and data transmission technologies to ensure that the abnormal information can be received and recorded by the platform in a timely and accurate manner. At the same time, by using the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform to perform abnormal fault diagnosis on the received ratchet operation abnormal warning information data, the platform will use data analysis and fault diagnosis algorithms to deeply analyze and compare the uploaded abnormal warning information data. For example, through comparative analysis with historical data, the platform can identify the occurrence patterns of similar problems or potential fault points. This process involves data cleaning, the application of abnormal detection algorithms, and the application of fault mode recognition technologies to accurately locate and describe the abnormal fault problem points of the ratchet operation, and finally obtain the ratchet operation abnormal fault problem points.

[0174] Step S42: Analyze the fault operation and maintenance suggestions for the ratchet operation abnormal fault problem points to obtain a ratchet operation abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion scheme;

[0175] In the embodiments of the present invention, by further giving suggestions on the fault operation and maintenance for the previously identified ratchet operation abnormal fault problem points, after diagnosing and confirming the fault points existing in the ratchet structure, the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform will start the process of fault analysis and operation and maintenance suggestions. For example, if it is diagnosed that there is an abnormality in the ratchet bearing part, the platform will recommend regular lubrication or replacement of the bearing to avoid further damage, thereby generating a specific operation and maintenance suggestion scheme, including repair schemes, replacement part suggestions, operation specification adjustments, etc., aiming to restore the normal operation state of the ratchet, and finally obtain a ratchet operation abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion scheme.

[0176] Step S43: Through the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for escalators, perform abnormal operation and maintenance response on the ratchet operation abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion scheme to generate an abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy for the escalator ratchet operation, so as to perform the corresponding abnormal operation and maintenance work for the escalator ratchet operation.

[0177] In an embodiment of the present invention, by using the intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform of the escalator to perform response processing for abnormal operation and maintenance of the previously generated operation and maintenance suggestion plan for abnormal operation of the ratchet wheel, according to the analysis results and suggestions of the previous abnormal fault operation and maintenance suggestion plan, a detailed abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy is automatically generated, which includes specific operation procedures, personnel deployment arrangements, equipment adjustment and monitoring strategies, etc., notify relevant maintenance personnel to go to the site for repair or replacement of key components, and ensure that abnormal situations can be responded to and resolved in a timely manner, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the escalator, and finally generate the corresponding operation and maintenance response strategy for abnormal operation of the escalator ratchet wheel to perform the corresponding operation and maintenance work for abnormal operation of the escalator ratchet wheel.

[0178] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. A monitoring, analysis and early warning method for an escalator auxiliary brake ratchet, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor is installed on the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake, and the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor is used to monitor the dynamic change of the ratchet of the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake in real time, so as to obtain the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle; The real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle are connected and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through the dedicated cable built into the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake; Step S2: collecting ratchet operation parameters of the ratchet operation position real-time change data and the ratchet operation angle real-time change data through the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain ratchet operation speed change data and ratchet operation rotation angle change data; Step S3: performing ratchet operation abnormality monitoring on the ratchet operation speed change data and the ratchet operation rotation angle change data to obtain the ratchet abnormal operation state, wherein the ratchet abnormal operation state includes the ratchet operation stuck abnormal state, the ratchet operation offset abnormal state and the ratchet operation uneven rotation abnormal state; The abnormal operation state of the ratchet is subjected to abnormal early warning processing by the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain abnormal early warning information data of the ratchet operation; Step S4: Upload the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet operation to the preset escalator intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform for abnormal operation and maintenance response, generate the escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy, and execute the corresponding escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance work.

2. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring analysis and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: analyzing the key points of operation monitoring of the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake to obtain the key points of operation monitoring of the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake; Step S12: by installing and deploying a ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor at the key points of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet operation monitoring, and using the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor to perform real-time monitoring of the ratchet dynamic changes of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure, so as to obtain real-time change data of the ratchet operation position and the ratchet operation angle; Step S13: The real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle are connected and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and early warning device through the dedicated cable built into the ratchet structure of the escalator additional brake.

3. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S11 includes the following steps: The dynamic operation data of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet are obtained by evaluating and analyzing the operation dynamic function of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure. The ratchet operation monitoring target of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet is analyzed on the dynamic data of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet operation to obtain the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet operation monitoring target; The operating stress and sensor monitoring range of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure are analyzed and diagnosed to obtain the operating stress field constraint conditions of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure and the specific conditions of the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor monitoring range; Based on the operating stress field constraint conditions of the ratchet structure of the escalator auxiliary brake and the specific conditions of the monitoring range of the ratchet dynamic monitoring sensor, the ratchet operation dynamic simulation analysis of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet operation monitoring target is carried out, and the dynamic operation data of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions are obtained; According to the dynamic operation data of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure under different operation monitoring working conditions, the operation monitoring key points of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet structure are analyzed, and the operation monitoring key points of the escalator auxiliary brake ratchet are obtained.

4. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring analysis and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: Step S21: performing time-series synchronization processing on the real-time change data of the ratchet running position and the real-time change data of the ratchet running angle through the intelligent analysis and early warning device to obtain the time-series synchronization change data of the ratchet running position and the time-series synchronization change data of the ratchet running angle; Step S22: performing dynamic displacement change analysis on the ratchet operation position timing synchronous change data to obtain the ratchet operation dynamic displacement timing change data; Step S23: collecting the ratchet operation dynamic displacement time series change data and the ratchet operation angle time series synchronous change data at the ratchet operation time point, so as to obtain the ratchet operation dynamic displacement data and the ratchet operation angle data at each operation time point; Step S24: performing ratchet running speed analysis on the ratchet running dynamic displacement data at each running time point to obtain ratchet running speed change data; Step S25: performing ratchet operation rotation angle analysis on the ratchet operation angle data at each operation time point to obtain ratchet operation rotation angle change data.

5. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step S22 includes the following steps: Perform position change amplitude statistical analysis on the ratchet running position time series synchronous change data to obtain the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data; Based on the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data, the ratchet running position synchronous change data is divided into periodic time series windows to obtain the ratchet running position change data within each periodic time series window; Performing position change spectrum conversion analysis on the ratchet operation position change data within each operation periodic timing window to obtain the ratchet operation position change distribution spectrum within each operation periodic timing window; Performing position change fluctuation frequency analysis on the ratchet operation position change distribution spectrum within each periodic operation timing window to obtain the ratchet operation position change fluctuation frequency within each periodic operation timing window; performing position change period quantitative calculation on the ratchet operation position change distribution spectrum within each periodic operation timing window based on the ratchet operation position change fluctuation frequency within each periodic operation timing window to obtain the ratchet operation position change fluctuation period within each periodic operation timing window; According to the ratchet running position change fluctuation frequency and the ratchet running position change fluctuation period in each running periodic timing window, dynamic displacement statistical analysis is performed on the ratchet running position change distribution spectrum in each running periodic timing window to obtain the ratchet running dynamic displacement data in each running periodic timing window; The dynamic displacement data of the ratchet operation in each periodic timing window is merged into a timing change window to obtain the dynamic displacement timing change data of the ratchet operation.

6. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring analysis and early warning method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The periodic time series window division of the ratchet running position synchronous change data based on the ratchet running position change distribution amplitude data comprises the following steps: Drawing a position distribution amplitude diagram for the ratchet operation position change distribution amplitude data to generate a ratchet operation position distribution amplitude diagram; Performing a change amplitude characteristic analysis on the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to obtain the ratchet running position distribution change amplitude characteristic description data; Based on the characteristic description data of the ratchet running position distribution change amplitude, the amplitude periodicity time series window design is performed on the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram to generate the ratchet position change amplitude periodicity time series window division rule; According to the periodic time window division rule of the ratchet position change amplitude, the time series change in the ratchet running position distribution amplitude diagram is processed in time series segments to obtain the time series segment range corresponding to each periodic time series window; Based on the timing segment range corresponding to each periodic timing window, the corresponding ratchet running position timing synchronous change data is divided into periodic timing windows to obtain the ratchet running position change data within each periodic timing window.

7. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step S24 includes the following steps: Step S241: calculating the instantaneous speed of the ratchet operation at the first and last time points in the dynamic displacement data of the ratchet operation at each operation time point, and obtaining the instantaneous speed of the ratchet operation at the first and last operation time points; Step S242: performing statistical analysis on the total amount of dynamic displacement between any three adjacent time points in the dynamic displacement data of the ratchet operation at each operation time point, and obtaining the total amount of dynamic displacement of the ratchet operation between any three adjacent operation time points; Step S243: calculating the average speed of the ratchet operation for the total amount of dynamic displacement of the ratchet operation between any three adjacent operation time points, to obtain the average speed of the ratchet operation between any three adjacent operation time points; Step S244: determining the ratchet running instantaneous speed at the middle running time point by taking the average running speed of the ratchet between any three adjacent running time points as the ratchet running instantaneous speed at the middle running time point, so as to obtain the ratchet running instantaneous speed at the remaining running time points; Step S245: performing time series merging on the instantaneous speeds of the ratchet operation at the first and last operation time points and the instantaneous speeds of the ratchet operation at the remaining operation time points to obtain ratchet operation speed variation data.

8. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: respectively plotting the ratchet running speed change data and the ratchet running rotation angle change data to generate a ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve diagram and a ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation curve diagram; Step S32: performing speed change fluctuation pattern recognition analysis on the ratchet running speed change fluctuation curve diagram to obtain the ratchet running speed change fluctuation pattern; Step S33: performing rotation angle change fluctuation pattern recognition analysis on the ratchet operation rotation angle change fluctuation curve diagram to obtain the ratchet operation rotation angle change fluctuation pattern; Step S34: performing ratchet operation abnormality monitoring on the ratchet operation speed change fluctuation mode and the ratchet operation rotation angle change fluctuation mode to obtain the ratchet abnormal operation state, wherein the ratchet abnormal operation state includes the ratchet operation stuck abnormal state, the ratchet operation offset abnormal state and the ratchet operation uneven rotation abnormal state; Step S35: Perform abnormal ratchet operation warning processing on the abnormal operation state of the ratchet through the intelligent analysis and warning device to obtain abnormal ratchet operation warning information data.

9. The escalator additional brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Step S34 includes the following steps: Step S341: monitoring and judging abnormal change patterns of the ratchet running speed fluctuation pattern and the ratchet running rotation angle fluctuation pattern. When both the ratchet running speed fluctuation pattern and the ratchet running rotation angle fluctuation pattern are obviously stagnant or have low-frequency fluctuation oscillation, the monitoring and judging are abnormal ratchet running stuck state; Step S342: when the ratchet wheel running speed change fluctuation mode is relatively stable and the ratchet wheel running rotation angle change fluctuation mode is obviously high frequency or irregular fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the ratchet wheel running deviation abnormal state; Step S343: When the ratchet running speed change fluctuation mode is obviously high-frequency or irregular fluctuation oscillation and the ratchet running rotation angle change fluctuation mode is obviously uneven or unstable fluctuation oscillation, it is monitored and determined as the abnormal state of uneven rotation of the ratchet running.

10. The escalator auxiliary brake ratchet monitoring, analysis and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: uploading the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet wheel to the preset escalator intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform, and performing abnormal fault diagnosis on the abnormal operation warning information data of the ratchet wheel through the escalator intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform to obtain the abnormal operation fault problem point of the ratchet wheel; Step S42: performing fault operation and maintenance suggestion analysis on the abnormal operation fault problem point of the ratchet wheel to obtain a fault operation and maintenance suggestion solution for the abnormal operation of the ratchet wheel; Step S43: The escalator intelligent operation and maintenance big data platform is used to respond to the abnormal operation and maintenance proposal for the abnormal ratchet operation fault, and generate an escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance response strategy to execute the corresponding escalator ratchet operation abnormal operation and maintenance work.

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