A zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil, its preparation method, and its application. A low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source, a small-molecular-weight organic carbon source, and a surfactant are added to an aqueous solution and stirred until dissolved. A cross-linking reaction is then carried out under high temperature and high pressure to form a precursor solution. A divalent transition metal chloride is then added for a complexation reaction. After the reaction, the mixture is centrifuged, the supernatant is dialyzed, and freeze-dried to obtain the zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil. This invention utilizes the high specific surface area and high catalytic activity of zero-dimensional nanomaterials, combined with low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen sources, small-molecular-weight organic carbon sources, and surfactants for modification, enhancing surface activity. This achieves a complementary advantage of traditional chemical viscosity reducers, catalytic reactions, and size effects, improving heavy oil quality while simultaneously achieving efficient viscosity reduction, lowering oil-water interfacial tension, and efficient demulsification, while also considering low cost, safety, and environmental friendliness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petrochemical technology, and in particular to a zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] my country's onshore oilfields, primarily the Liaohe, Xinjiang, Tahe, and Shengli oilfields, have approximately 2.8 billion tons of recoverable heavy oil reserves, while planned offshore heavy oil geological reserves are estimated at around 2.6 billion tons. In total, over 70 heavy oil fields nationwide have approximately 7.95 billion tons of recoverable reserves. Undoubtedly, heavy oil is becoming one of the most important energy sources today. Currently, the vastly different geological conditions across China pose significant challenges to heavy oil extraction, making the more economical and efficient development of heavy oil resources a global research focus.

[0003] Asphaltenes and gums in heavy oil are key factors contributing to its high viscosity and poor fluidity. Chemical methods are a more effective approach, primarily involving the addition of chemical agents to alter the chemical properties of crude oil. For example, these agents can disrupt the asphaltenes' packing structure, colloidal viscoelastic network, and the stability of W / O emulsions, thereby reducing heavy oil viscosity. Therefore, chemical modification for viscosity reduction is a crucial and technically and economically valuable aspect of heavy oil complex processes, contributing significantly to viscosity reduction and improved oil recovery.

[0004] Commonly used chemical viscosity reducers include surfactants, solvents, polymers, and ionic liquids. They primarily employ emulsification redirection, wetting and drag reduction, hydrogen bonding dispersion, and penetration into the spaces between asphaltenes and gum molecules to break down aggregated heterocyclic structures, thereby improving the aggregation state of heavy oil and achieving viscosity reduction. Chinese patent CN103773350A discloses an emulsified viscosity reducer for high-viscosity heavy crude oil, which achieves viscosity reduction by compounding an alkali with nonylphenol, polyoxyethylene ether, and sorbitol-based surfactants to form a heavy oil emulsion. Chinese patent CN116790237A discloses an in-situ viscosity reducer for heavy oil, comprising a sulfonated styrene / acrylamide / maleic anhydride terpolymer, C... 16 Sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate and water can reduce the viscosity of heavy oil at 60-165℃. However, the above-mentioned viscosity reducer is an emulsifying viscosity reducer and does not change the chemical composition of gums and asphaltenes in heavy oil. The demulsification effect of heavy oil emulsion is poor, requiring additional demulsifiers, which increases production costs. Moreover, the emulsification efficiency is low, and the degree of improvement in oil recovery is not significant in engineering.

[0005] Furthermore, the method of catalytic upgrading of extra-heavy oil using metal oxides is theoretically and practically feasible. Chinese patent CN105618026A discloses a nano-copper-based heavy oil modifier, which utilizes the catalytic activity of nano-copper, coordination catalysis, and the synergistic effect of multiple factors in heavy oil thermal recovery and hydrogenation to induce a bond-breaking and recombination reaction in heavy oil at 100-300℃, thereby upgrading the heavy oil in situ and improving oil recovery. Chinese patent CN 112264048A discloses a WS2-NiFe2O4 / GO heavy oil catalytic viscosity reducer, which effectively reduces the viscosity of heavy crude oil and decreases the content of heavy components at 250℃. However, the above patents either require an additional heat source or a hydrogen source with poor safety, leading to process upgrades. Additionally, the modifiers have multiple raw material components and complex synthesis steps, resulting in increased costs.

[0006] Currently, nanotechnology has attracted widespread attention in fields such as adsorption and catalysis. When catalysts are reduced to the nanoscale, their interaction with reactants differs significantly from that of traditional large-particle catalysts. Furthermore, zero-dimensional nanoparticle catalysts exhibit higher catalytic activity due to their unique electronic properties and geometric structure. To date, no related technologies for zero-dimensional in-situ modifiers of heavy oil have been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil, its preparation method, and its application.

[0008] The innovation of this invention lies in the following: This application utilizes the high specific surface area and high catalytic activity of zero-dimensional nanodot materials, and combines them with low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen sources, small-molecular-weight organic carbon sources and surfactants for modification to enhance surface activity. This achieves the complementary advantages of traditional chemical viscosity reducers, catalytic reactions and size effects, which can not only improve the quality of heavy oil, but also achieve efficient and irreversible viscosity reduction, reduce oil-water interfacial tension and efficient demulsification, etc., while taking into account low cost, safety and environmental protection.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for preparing a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier involves adding a low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source, a small-molecular-weight organic carbon source, and a surfactant to an aqueous solution and stirring to dissolve them. The mixture undergoes a cross-linking reaction under high temperature and high pressure to form a precursor solution. A divalent transition metal chloride is then added to carry out a complexation reaction. After the reaction, the mixture is centrifuged, the supernatant is dialyzed, and the mixture is freeze-dried to obtain the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier.

[0011] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the low molecular weight polymer nitrogen source: small molecular weight organic carbon source: surfactant: divalent transition metal chloride is 1-5:2-10:1-5:1; most preferably, the molar ratio of the low molecular weight polymer nitrogen source: small molecular weight organic carbon source: surfactant: divalent transition metal chloride is 2-4:4-6:2-4:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source is one of polyethyleneimine, polyacrylamide, and polyamide amine, wherein the molecular weight ranges from 500 to 1000 Da; the small-molecular-weight organic carbon source is one or two of citric acid, methyl acrylate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, urea, and sodium acetate; and the surfactant contains a hydrophobic chain with a length of C 12 ~C 16 The chloride is one of the following: sulfate, sulfonate, or quaternary ammonium salt; the divalent transition metal chloride is one or two of the following: FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2, CuCl2, ZnCl2, and MnCl2.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-linking reaction temperature is 120–180°C, the reaction pressure is 0.5–1.5 MPa, the pH value is 6–8, and the reaction time is 2–4 h; the complexation reaction temperature is 80–120°C, and the reaction time is 0.5–2 h.

[0014] A zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is prepared according to the method described above.

[0015] Furthermore, the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is a nanoparticle with a size of 1–9 nm.

[0016] Application of a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier: This zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is applied to degrade the gums and asphalt of heavy oil, reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, and demulsify heavy oil under in-situ temperature and pressure conditions in the formation.

[0017] Furthermore, the concentration of the aqueous solution of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is 0.05-2%; the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier to the heavy oil is 1:1 to 1:2.85; the application temperature is 45-80℃; the pressure is 0.1-15MPa; after several hours of reaction, the total degradation rate of gums and asphalt in the heavy oil is greater than 39.9%; the viscosity reduction efficiency of the heavy oil can reach up to 82.6% / 30min; the oil-water interfacial tension decreases to below 0.31mN / m; and the demulsification efficiency can reach up to 97.2% / 3h.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] First, compared with existing heavy oil catalytic modifiers, this invention utilizes the high specific surface area and high catalytic activity of zero-dimensional nanomaterials, combined with polymers, small-molecule organic carbon sources, and surfactants for modification, enhancing surface activity and achieving complementary advantages of traditional chemical viscosity reducers, catalytic reactions, and size effects. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for additional heat sources, hydrogen cracking sources, and other energy and material consumption. The synthesis steps are simple and low-cost, enabling in-situ modification of heavy oil under formation temperature and pressure conditions. This results in a highly efficient, rapid, low-energy-consumption, low-cost, and environmentally friendly technical advantage for in-situ heavy oil modification. The zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier disclosed in this invention converts asphaltenes and gums into light hydrocarbons, thereby regulating the quality of heavy oil. Under in-situ formation conditions, the total degradation rate of gums and asphalt in heavy oil exceeds 39.9%.

[0020] Second, compared with existing heavy oil viscosity reducers, this invention essentially transforms heavy oils such as asphaltene and gums into light hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, thereby achieving highly efficient irreversible viscosity reduction. Simultaneously, it achieves comprehensive performance including reduced oil-water interfacial tension and efficient demulsification, while also considering safety and environmental friendliness. The zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier disclosed in this invention can reduce heavy oil viscosity by up to 82.6% / 30min, reduce oil-water interfacial tension to below 0.31mN / m, and achieve a demulsification rate of up to 97.2% / 3h. It has significant academic and application value in improving heavy oil chemical composite cold extraction technology and processes, and also has promising prospects for practical industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 The results are from the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifiers prepared in Examples 1 and 2 and the heavy oil product (four components of crude oil) in Comparative Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 This refers to the demulsification performance of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Example 2.

[0024] Figure 4 This refers to the performance of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Examples 3 and 4 in reducing the interfacial tension between oil and water.

[0025] Figure 5 This refers to the viscosity-reducing properties of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifiers prepared in Examples 3 and 4. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention is further illustrated below by way of embodiments, but the invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions were selected according to national or industry standards, conventional methods and conditions, or instrument operating instructions.

[0027] First, the detection method used in the following embodiments will be described as follows:

[0028] (1) The morphology of the heavy oil in-situ modifier was determined to be zero-dimensional nanodots by transmission electron microscopy.

[0029] (2) The effect of zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier on improving heavy oil products was characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by crude oil four-component chromatography, namely: the distribution of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums and asphalt in heavy oil.

[0030] (3) The ability of zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier to reduce the interfacial tension of oil and water was tested using an interfacial tension meter.

[0031] (4) The pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) test was used to detect the ability of zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier to reduce the absolute viscosity of heavy oil under in-situ temperature and pressure conditions in the formation.

[0032] (5) Test the ability of zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier to demulsify crude oil according to the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China (SY / T 5280-2018).

[0033] Example 1

[0034] (1) Dissolve 1.2g of polyethyleneimine (molecular weight 600 Da), 0.84g of citric acid, and 0.70g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in 100ml of water. Adjust the pH of the solution to 6 with 0.1mM sodium hydroxide solution. Pour the solution into a reaction vessel and react under sealed stirring at 160℃ and 0.8MPa for 3h. After cooling to room temperature, add 0.13g of manganese chloride to the reaction vessel and react at 80℃ for 2h. After cooling, remove the solution, centrifuge at 10000r / min for 5min, and repeat twice. Dialyze the supernatant and freeze-dry to obtain a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier.

[0035] (2) Select a heavy oil with a viscosity of 18204 mPa·s at 50℃, mix the heavy oil with a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution at a volume ratio of 2.33:1, the mass concentration of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution is 1%, place 100 ml of the mixture in a PVT experimental vessel, and place it at 60℃ and 12 MPa for 60 min.

[0036] The dimensions of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier in this embodiment and the heavy oil modification results are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Figure 1 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in this embodiment. Figure 1This demonstrates that the in-situ modifier for heavy oil has a zero-dimensional nanodot structure. It achieves the advantages of high specific surface area and high activity of nanomaterials, and allows for control over the low nanoscale of the in-situ modifier for heavy oil.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] (1) Dissolve 2g of polyamide amine (molecular weight 1000 Da), 0.42g of citric acid, 0.12g of urea, and 0.68g of sodium hexadecylbenzenesulfonate in 100ml of water. Adjust the pH of the solution to 7 with 0.1mM sodium hydroxide solution. Pour the solution into a reaction vessel and react under sealed stirring at 140℃ and 1.0MPa for 4h. After cooling to room temperature, add 0.14g of copper chloride and 0.13g of manganese chloride to the reaction vessel and react at 100℃ for 1h. After cooling, remove the solution, centrifuge at 10000r / min for 5min, and repeat twice. Dialyze the supernatant and freeze-dry to obtain a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier.

[0040] (2) Select a heavy oil with a viscosity of 18204 mPa·s at 50℃, mix the heavy oil with a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution at a volume ratio of 2.33:1, the mass concentration of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution is 0.5%, place 100 ml of the mixture in a PVT experimental vessel, and place it at 60℃ and 12 MPa for 60 min.

[0041] The dimensions of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier in this embodiment and the heavy oil modification results are shown in Table 1.

[0042] Figure 3 This describes the demulsification performance of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in this embodiment. The results show that the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier has highly efficient natural demulsification performance, with a demulsification rate of over 88% at 30 minutes and as high as 97.2% at 3 hours.

[0043] Figure 2 The results are those of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifiers prepared in Examples 1 and 2, which improved the heavy oil products (four components of crude oil) and Comparative Example 1.

[0044] Figure 2 This indicates that zero-dimensional in-situ modifiers for heavy oil can alter the chemical composition of heavy oil, degrade heavy resins and asphalt, increase the content of light saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, and thus regulate the quality of heavy oil products.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] (1) Dissolve 3g of polyacrylamide (molecular weight 500 Da), 2.92g of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and 1.73g of sodium dodecyl sulfate in 100ml of water. Adjust the pH of the solution to 7 with 0.1mM sodium hydroxide solution. Pour the solution into a reaction vessel and react under sealed stirring at 180℃ and 1.5MPa for 2h. After cooling to room temperature, add 0.13g of manganese chloride and 0.13g of ferrous chloride to the reaction vessel and react at 120℃ for 0.5h. After cooling, remove the solution, centrifuge at 10000r / min for 5min, and repeat twice. Dialyze the supernatant and freeze-dry to obtain a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier.

[0047] (2) Select a heavy oil with a viscosity of 6342 mPa·s at 50℃, mix the heavy oil with a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution at a volume ratio of 2.33:1, and the mass concentration of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution is 2%. Place 100 ml of the comparative example in a PVT experimental vessel and place it at 50℃ and 10 MPa for 60 min.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] 1 g of polyamide amine (molecular weight 500 Da), 0.33 g of sodium acetate, and 1.14 g of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride were dissolved in 100 ml of water. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 8 with 0.1 mM sodium hydroxide solution. The solution was poured into a reaction vessel and reacted under sealed stirring at 120 °C and 0.5 MPa for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature, 0.13 g of manganese chloride and 0.13 g of nickel chloride were added to the reaction vessel, and the reaction was carried out at 100 °C for 1 h. After cooling, the solution was removed, centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 5 min, and repeated twice. The supernatant was dialyzed and freeze-dried to obtain a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier.

[0050] (2) Select a heavy oil with a viscosity of 6342 mPa·s at 50℃, mix the heavy oil with a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution at a volume ratio of 2.33:1, the mass concentration of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier solution is 0.05%, place 100 ml of the comparative example in a PVT experimental vessel and place it at 50℃ and 10 MPa for 60 min.

[0051] Figure 4 This refers to the performance of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Examples 3 and 4 in reducing the interfacial tension between oil and water.

[0052] Figure 5 This refers to the viscosity-reducing properties of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifiers prepared in Examples 3 and 4.

[0053] Figure 4 and Figure 5This demonstrates that the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier can effectively reduce the interfacial tension and viscosity of heavy oil under in-situ formation temperature and pressure conditions (50℃, 10MPa).

[0054] Application Comparative Example 1:

[0055] A heavy oil with a viscosity of 18204 mPa·s at 50℃ was selected. The heavy oil and water were mixed at a volume ratio of 2.33:1 without any modifier, and the mixture was compared with Examples 1 and 2.

[0056] 100 ml of the comparative example was placed in a PVT test vessel and placed at 60℃ and 12 MPa for 60 min. After the test, the four components, viscosity, and oil-water surface tension of the crude oil in the comparative example were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Application Comparative Example 2:

[0058] A heavy oil with a viscosity of 6342 mPa·s at 50°C was selected. The heavy oil and water were mixed at a volume ratio of 2.33:1 without any modifier, and the mixture was compared with Examples 3 and 4.

[0059] 100 ml of the comparative example was placed in a PVT test vessel and placed at 50℃ and 10 MPa for 60 min. After the test, the four components, viscosity, and oil-water surface tension of the crude oil in the comparative example were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Comparison of Size and Performance of Zero-Dimensional Heavy Oil In-Situ Modifiers

[0061]

[0062] The data in Table 1 demonstrates that the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier of the present invention can achieve excellent performance in improving heavy oil quality, efficiently degrading gums and asphalt, reducing oil-water interfacial tension, reducing heavy oil viscosity, and efficiently demulsifying under in-situ temperature and pressure conditions in the formation.

[0063] Furthermore, regarding the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Example 1, the inventors used transmission electron microscopy to study the nanodot size range of this zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier. The specific results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0064] The inventors also used a four-component crude oil chromatography system to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the effect of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier on improving heavy oil products. The method of this invention can achieve the degradation of asphaltenes and gums (total degradation rate higher than 39.9%), and their conversion into saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, thereby improving heavy oil products. Specific results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0065] Regarding the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier prepared in Example 2, the inventors studied its demulsification performance and efficiency. Using the method of this invention, a natural demulsification rate of 97.2% can be achieved within 3 hours. Figure 3 ).

[0066] Furthermore, combining the data in Table 1, Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the method of this invention can effectively reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water and the viscosity of heavy oil under conditions of 50℃ and 10MPa. The interfacial tension of heavy oil with a viscosity of 6342mPa·s shows a rapid decreasing trend in the 0-60min range, decreasing to below 0.31mN / m. Figure 4 The viscosity of heavy oil also shows a rapid trend from 0 to 30 minutes, reaching a viscosity reduction equilibrium at 30 minutes, with a viscosity reduction efficiency of up to 82.6% / 30 minutes.

[0067] The described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier, characterized in that: A low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source, a small-molecular-weight organic carbon source, and a surfactant are added to an aqueous solution and stirred until dissolved. A cross-linking reaction is then carried out under high temperature and high pressure to form a precursor solution. A divalent transition metal chloride is then added for a complexation reaction. After the reaction, the solution is centrifuged, the supernatant is dialyzed, and freeze-dried to obtain the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier. The molar ratio of the low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source: small-molecular-weight organic carbon source: surfactant: divalent transition metal chloride is 1~5:2~10:1~5:

1. The low-molecular-weight polymer nitrogen source is one of polyethyleneimine, polyacrylamide, and polyamide amine, with a molecular weight range of 500~1000 Da. The small-molecular-weight organic carbon source is one or two of citric acid, methyl acrylate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, urea, and sodium acetate. The surfactant contains a hydrophobic chain with a length of C... 12 ~C 16 The chloride is selected from one of the following: sulfate, sulfonate, and quaternary ammonium salt; the divalent transition metal chloride is one or two of the following: FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2, CuCl2, ZnCl2, and MnCl2; the crosslinking reaction temperature is 120~180℃, the reaction pressure is 0.5~1.5 MPa, the pH value is 6~8, and the reaction time is 2~4 h; the complexation reaction temperature is 80~120℃, and the reaction time is 0.5~2 h.

2. A zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier, characterized in that: Prepared according to the method of claim 1.

3. A zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is a nanodot with a diameter of 1-9 nm.

4. The application of a zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: This zero-dimensional in-situ modifier for heavy oil can be applied to degrade the gums and asphalt in heavy oil, reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, and demulsify heavy oil under in-situ temperature and pressure conditions in the formation.

5. The application of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the aqueous solution of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier is 0.05~2%; the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the zero-dimensional heavy oil in-situ modifier to the heavy oil is 1:1~1:2.85, the application temperature is 45~80℃, the pressure is 0.1~15MPa, after a period of reaction, the total degradation rate of gums and asphalt in the heavy oil is greater than 39.9%, the viscosity reduction efficiency of the heavy oil can reach up to 82.6% / 30min, the oil-water interfacial tension drops to below 0.31 mN / m, and the demulsification efficiency can reach up to 97.2% / 3h.

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