Construction method of a layered solidified slope scour-resistant green substrate

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of layered solidification's construction method of slope scour prevention green substrate.The surface mineralization, shallow mineralization, deep anchoring and green substrate spray, maintenance, reinforce the slope from shallow to deep, whole construction process is simple, efficient, effectively forms the multi-level slope reinforcement structure, enhances the adhesion of green substrate and slope soil, helps to prevent substrate layer peeling, thereby improves the stability of slope and green level.By introducing microbial mineralization technology into the preparation of slope green substrate, the structure of slope substrate is optimized, the overall strength and rainwater erosion resistance of slope substrate are improved, and the erosion and loss of substrate are effectively reduced.The components of the green substrate of the present application are more conducive to the soil environment for vegetation growth, and a microenvironment for the harmonious coexistence of vegetation, microorganisms and microorganisms is constructed, which not only promotes the rapid growth of vegetation, but also speeds up the repair of regional ecosystem.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of slope protection and ecological restoration, and more particularly relates to a construction method of a layered solidified slope anti-erosion greening substrate. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the development and utilization of land resources, engineering construction excavation has caused serious damage to the vegetation cover layer of the slope, forming a bare area of the slope. Under the action of external forces such as rainfall and weathering, these bare slopes often become a safety hazard, seriously affecting the safety and stability of the regional ecological environment. Ecological restoration of bare rock-soil slopes has become an indispensable part of rock-soil engineering design and construction.

[0003] At present, one of the commonly used ecological restoration methods is the spray seeding technology. Spray seeding technology uses special mechanical equipment to uniformly mix soil, organic matter, plant seeds and various additives in a certain proportion, uses compressed air or high-pressure water flow as the transport carrier, and sprays the mixture on the surface of the slope to be protected to quickly establish a stable plant community. Spray seeding technology not only meets the requirements of large-scale rapid construction, but also provides nutrients for plant growth and development, and shows significant technical advantages in the field of slope ecological restoration.

[0004] However, the traditional slope greening substrate has the following main disadvantages in application:

[0005] Loose substrate structure and weak anti-erosion ability: The traditional slope greening substrate has a loose structure and low strength, and is easily eroded by the continuous action of raindrops in heavy rain, resulting in the loss of seeds and substrate soil, poor water and fertilizer retention effect, and difficult growth of vegetation due to water deficiency and nutrient deficiency.

[0006] Poor adhesion between substrate and slope surface soil layer: The adhesion between the traditional slope greening substrate and the slope surface soil layer is poor, and the interface separation is easily caused under the action of surface runoff, resulting in peeling of the substrate layer and affecting the stable growth of vegetation.

[0007] Limited plant root length and tensile strength: The plant root length in the traditional slope greening substrate is insufficient, and the root tensile strength is limited, and under extreme rainstorm conditions, the potential sliding surface of the slope may break through the plant root depth, forming shallow deformation and damage.

[0008] Large substrate thickness and high cost: The traditional greening spray seeding substrate has a large thickness and a large amount of use, resulting in high construction cost, which limits its large-scale application. SUMMARY

[0009] In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a construction method of a layered solidified slope anti-scour greening substrate, so as to introduce a microbial mineralization technology into the preparation of a slope greening substrate, utilize calcium carbonate crystals induced by microorganisms to enhance the bonding effect between different substrate materials, improve the overall strength and anti-scour ability of the slope greening substrate, and combine the methods of spraying a calcification layer, grouting a pressure liquid diffusion layer, and grouting a system anchor rod, so as to form a multi-layered slope reinforcement structure, effectively solve the problems of weak anti-scour ability, poor adhesion, insufficient root strength, and high cost of the traditional slope greening substrate, and provide an efficient and low-cost new scheme for slope ecological restoration.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a construction method of a layered solidified slope anti-scour greening substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Laying a hanging net: laying a slope hanging net material on the cleaned slope surface, and fixing and connecting adjacent slope hanging net materials by U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nails to obtain a hanging net slope;

[0012] Surface mineralization: spraying a bacterial solution and then spraying a cementing solution on the surface of the hanging net slope to obtain a surface spraying calcification layer;

[0013] Shallow mineralization: injecting a bacterial solution into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail first, and then injecting a cementing solution to obtain a shallow pressure liquid diffusion layer;

[0014] Deep anchoring: driving a system anchor rod into the unstable part of the slope rock-soil body, and anchoring the system anchor rod by injecting a cement slurry to obtain a deep grouting reinforcement layer;

[0015] Greening substrate spray seeding and maintenance: spraying and seeding the greening substrate to the surface of the surface calcification layer, the thickness of the sprayed and seeded greening substrate is 2-5 cm, and a maintenance material is attached for watering and maintenance.

[0016] Cleaning the slope surface is a conventional slope surface cleaning method in the art, for example, including but not limited to removing loose rock blocks, sludge, stone pieces, and gravel on the surface layer of the slope, trimming the corner parts and top edges of the slope, and backfilling the concave parts of the slope to ensure the flatness and stability of the slope section, so as to lay a good foundation for laying the hanging net. Before fixing adjacent slope hanging net materials by U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nails, the joint requires at least a 10 cm wide overlapping area, and a resin gasket is used between the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail and the hanging net material to further reinforce the function. The hanging net material uses, for example, reinforced macadam, galvanized steel wire mesh, gabion net, three-dimensional vegetation net, and plastic geogrid.

[0017] The bacteria solution is sprayed on the surface of the meshed slope using a spray gun. The bacteria solution should be activated and expanded in advance and stored in the refrigerator for standby. The operation of spraying the bacteria solution and the cementing solution alternately should be repeated for not less than 3 times to obtain a surface sprayed calcified layer with a thickness of 10-18 cm.

[0018] The bacteria solution is injected into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor using a grouting machine. Similarly, the bacteria solution should be activated and expanded in advance and stored in the refrigerator for standby. The operation of injecting the bacteria solution and the cementing solution alternately should be repeated for not less than 3 times to obtain a shallow liquid diffusion layer with a mineralization thickness of not less than 25 cm.

[0019] For the unstable rock-soil body of the slope surface, a system anchor rod with a length of 1.5-2.5 m is punched in and a cement slurry is injected to anchor the unstable rock-soil body to obtain a deep grouting reinforcement layer.

[0020] The mineralized greening substrate is sprayed once on the surface of the calcified layer of the surface layer of the slope using a soil spraying machine until the mesh material is completely covered. The thickness of the sprayed substrate is 2-5 cm, and then non-woven fabric is attached for maintenance. During the maintenance period, appropriate watering is performed according to the wetness of the slope surface.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments, the sprayed greening substrate comprises planting soil, clay, plant fiber material, composite microbial fertilizer, water-retaining agent, plant growth regulator, plant seed, bacteria solution and cementing solution.

[0022] The planting soil is a cultivated soil taken from the site, which is a planting soil with high organic matter content, good porosity and soil quality. The cultivated soil is suitable for the growth and development of various vegetation. After taking, the soil is crushed and sieved through a 5-mesh sieve for standby.

[0023] The clay is a clay soil composed of silicate minerals with an IP value greater than 10. It has the characteristics of fine particles, small and many pores, weak water permeability, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, good water stability after compaction, high strength, and mechanical properties varying with water content. The clay can be used as a natural binder for the slope greening substrate. After taking, the soil is crushed and sieved through a 10-mesh sieve for standby.

[0024] The plant fiber material is a mixture of rice straw fiber and rice husk, and the mass ratio of rice straw fiber to rice husk is 1:1. The rice straw fiber is a product after the rice straw is crushed, and the fiber length is 1-2 cm. The rice straw fiber can form stable aggregates with soil particles, improve the structure of the soil, increase the air permeability and water retention of the soil, and is beneficial to the growth of plant roots and water utilization. At the same time, the rice straw fiber can provide nutrients for the soil as a source of organic matter, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, and is beneficial to the ecological balance of the soil and the growth of plants. In addition, the rice straw fiber forms a layer of cover on the surface of the soil, which can reduce wind and water erosion on the surface of the soil, protect the soil from being washed away, and is beneficial to the preservation and improvement of the soil. The rice husk is an agricultural waste produced after the processing of rice, and is one of the important biomass resources. The rice husk is generally about 10 mm long, about 1-3 mm wide, and has a typical boat-shaped structure. The bulk density of the rice husk is about 220-750 kg / m 3 , and has porosity, which can increase the looseness and permeability of the soil, improve the structure of the soil, and is beneficial to the respiration and gas exchange of the roots, and promote the growth of plants. Moreover, the rice husk is an easily degradable organic material, which can gradually decompose into organic matter, improve the soil texture, and is beneficial to the protection and improvement of the soil.

[0025] The compound microbial fertilizer is a compound fertilizer formed by stirring and mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides, and Bacillus laterosporus as the main functional bacteria, and organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in a ratio of 2:3-3:2. The functional microorganisms can promote the absorption and utilization of plants to minerals in the slope soil and inorganic chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The inorganic chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer not only provide a large amount of nutrient ingredients required by the plants, but also provide energy sources for the growth, development, and reproduction of the microorganisms after degradation. The use of the compound microbial fertilizer not only converts the organic matter in the soil into humus, with total nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium being greater than 6.0%, but also improves the structure and physicochemical properties of the slope soil.

[0026] The water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate, which is a white or light yellow free-flowing powder-like superabsorbent polymer. The component has the characteristics of high water absorption, high water retention, high stability, non-toxicity, and environmental protection, etc. It can absorb a large amount of water, and its water absorption capacity can reach several hundred times or even thousands of times of its own weight, and can form a stable gel-like substance that is not easy to decompose or dissolve, effectively retaining water. As a water-retaining agent for greening substrates, potassium polyacrylate can increase the water-retaining capacity of the soil, prolong the growth cycle of plants, and reduce the frequency of watering. After absorbing water, potassium polyacrylate can expand, which can improve the air permeability and texture of the soil, and is beneficial to plant growth.

[0027] The plant growth regulator is a mixture of mineral humic acid, prohexadione calcium and chitosan oligosaccharide, which can regulate the growth and development of plants, including seedling extension, root growth, flower bud differentiation, etc., and at the same time, enhance the resistance of plants to adversity, and accelerate the repair of the slope ecosystem.

[0028] The plant seeds are configured according to the principles of "grass-shrub-vine mixture" and "four-season cycle replacement". The plant seeds are mixed vegetation seeds of grasses, shrubs and vines. The grasses are selected from, for example, but not limited to, tall fescue, kikuyu grass, alfalfa and rice grass; the shrubs are selected from, for example, but not limited to, silver wattle and purple robe; and the vines are selected from, for example, but not limited to, kudzu, morning glory and ivy. The plants of kikuyu grass, rice grass, silver wattle, kudzu and morning glory are suitable for spring and summer, and the plants of tall fescue, alfalfa, purple robe and ivy are suitable for autumn and winter. The mixed sowing method can combine the advantages of the three types of vegetation to form a three-dimensional and diverse vegetation protection structure, improve the durability of the slope greening effect, and establish a perennial and recyclable vegetation ecological community.

[0029] The bacterial liquid refers to a microbial mineralization bacterial liquid, which is a Pasteuria agassizii bacterial liquid. The Pasteuria agassizii can produce urease, which decomposes urea to produce carbonate ions, which combine with free calcium ions in the soil to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3), thereby promoting the formation of soil cementing bodies and enhancing the overall stability of the substrate.

[0030] The cementing liquid provides the basic nutrients and conditions required for microbial mineralization. Urea provides carbon and nitrogen sources, which are decomposed by urease to produce carbonate ions. Calcium chloride provides calcium ions, and the combination of the two produces calcium carbonate precipitates. The calcium carbonate crystals effectively fill the pores in the substrate, enhancing the bonding between different materials. In addition, the excess nutrients such as urea can promote plant growth, thereby forming a plant growth environment with certain strength and air permeability.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the green substrate shotcrete contains 20-30 kg of planting soil, 10-15 kg of clay, 1-2 kg of plant fiber material, 1-1.5 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10-15 g of water-retaining agent, 0.5-1.5 g of plant growth regulator, 10-20 g of plant seeds, 1-1.5 L of bacterial liquid and 1-1.5 L of cementing liquid per square meter.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the slope netting material is a reinforced macadam. The reinforced macadam is made of high-strength polypropylene material combined with double-twisted steel wire mesh, has high tensile strength and durability, can effectively resist the damage of natural factors such as water erosion and wind erosion, and ensure the long-term stability of the slope. The reinforced macadam has an open three-dimensional cavity structure, which is beneficial to the natural penetration and drainage of water, preventing soil erosion and slope instability caused by water accumulation. The net structure and voids provide a good growing environment for plant roots, which is conducive to the rooting and growth of vegetation. At the same time, its surface roughness also helps the adhesion of soil particles, providing a soil basis for vegetation growth.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the surface sprayed calcified layer is 10-18 cm, the thickness of the shallow liquid diffusion layer is ≥25 cm, and the thickness of the deep grouting reinforcement layer is 1.5-2.5 m. The thickness of the surface sprayed calcified layer ensures that it can effectively resist the erosion of weathering, erosion and other external factors, and provide sufficient substrate for vegetation growth, while avoiding the decrease of soil permeability caused by excessive thickness, which is conducive to the respiration and growth of vegetation roots, thereby accelerating the ecological restoration process of the slope, and providing sufficient support and protection for the stability of the slope surface. The thickness of the shallow liquid diffusion layer enables the shallow liquid diffusion layer to be more widely distributed inside the slope, enhancing the overall stability and stability of the shallow layer of the slope, and further improving the ability of the slope to resist deformation and damage. The deep grouting reinforcement layer formed by the combination of the system anchor rod and the cement slurry has a thickness that can penetrate into the unstable area inside the rock-soil body for reinforcement, significantly improving the stability and bearing capacity of the deep rock-soil body of the slope, and further enhancing the overall stability of the slope. From the surface, shallow and deep levels, the slope to be greened is reinforced to improve the stability of the slope and provide a stable growing environment for the ecological restoration vegetation of the slope.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the bacterial solution is a bacterial solution of Bacillus pasteurii, and the cementing solution is a mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride. Preferably, the molar concentration of the cementing solution sprayed in the surface layer mineralization step is 0.25-1 mol / L, which is more conducive to penetration into the soil and can ensure that the chemical reaction between urea and calcium chloride proceeds at an appropriate rate, forming a stable and uniform solidified layer, avoiding unstable solidified layer quality caused by too fast reaction, and preventing the construction period from being prolonged caused by too slow reaction. In different soil layers, the mineralization depth varies, and the mineralization depth in clay soil layer is 10-12 cm, the mineralization depth in sandy soil layer is 12-15 cm, and the mineralization depth in gravel soil layer is 15-18 cm. The molar concentration of the cementing solution injected in the shallow layer mineralization step is 0.5-1.5 mol / L, and the bacterial solution and the cementing solution with higher concentration are injected into the soil for mineralization by pressure grouting method, which can improve the mineralization efficiency and ensure the solidification effect. In the shallow layer mineralization step, the grouting frequency is not less than 3 times, and the pressure and time of different grouting frequencies are different, the pressure of one grouting is 0.2-0.3 MPa, the grouting time is 5-10 min, the pressure of two grouting is 0.3-0.5 MPa, the grouting time is 10-15 min, the pressure of three grouting is 0.5-1.0 MPa, and the grouting time is 15-30 min. The specific range depends on the soil type and engineering requirements, and different soil types and topography need to adjust the grouting pressure and time to ensure effective grouting and solidification effect. The molar concentration of the cementing solution in the green substrate spraying is 0.1-0.3 mol / L, which enhances the bonding performance between the substrate materials and improves the overall strength of the substrate by microbial mineralization. The molar concentration ratio of urea and calcium chloride is 1:2-2:1. The bacterial solution of Bacillus pasteurii has the ability to induce calcium carbonate precipitation, and when it is used together with the mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride, it can significantly accelerate the mineralization process of the surface layer of the slope.

[0035] More preferably, the complex microbial fertilizer comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus laterosporus. The complex microbial fertilizer is a complex fertilizer formed by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus laterosporus as the main functional bacteria with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in a ratio of 2:3 to 3:2. Among them, the functional microorganisms can secrete various active substances such as enzymes, organic acids, auxins, etc. in the soil, improve the soil structure, improve the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and also promote the absorption and utilization of minerals in the slope soil and inorganic chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer by plants. Inorganic chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer can not only provide a large amount of nutrients required by plants, but also provide energy sources for the growth, development and reproduction of microorganisms after degradation. The use of complex microbial fertilizer can not only convert soil organic matter into humus, with total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients greater than 6.0%, improve the effective utilization rate and duration of fertilizer, and reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizer, but also improve the structure and physicochemical properties of the slope soil.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor is composed of a top connected by two funnel-shaped hollow opening structures, and two insertion parts connected with the funnel-shaped hollow opening structures and perpendicular to the plane where the top is located;

[0037] The insertion part comprises a middle part and a bottom part connected in sequence, one end of the middle part is connected with the funnel-shaped hollow opening structure, and the hollow opening structure can be used for injecting microbial liquid and cementing liquid; the other end is sequentially connected by a front segment and a rear segment, the outer side wall of the front segment is a threaded steel pipe structure for enhancing the friction between the anchor and the rock-soil body, the outer side wall of the rear segment is a smooth small-hole steel pipe structure for pouring microbial liquid and cementing liquid, and the bottom part is a sharp conical structure away from the top for penetrating into the soil body. The U-shaped hollow grouting anchor can be combined with a resin gasket to fix the slope hanging net material by pressing.

[0038] More preferably, the length of the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor is 30-45 cm, the inner hole diameter of the rear segment is 1-2 mm, and the hole spacing of the rear segment is 1-1.5 cm.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, in the surface mineralization step, the bacteria solution is sprayed for 6-8 hours before spraying the cementing solution; in the shallow mineralization step, the bacteria solution is injected for 6-8 hours before injecting the cementing solution. After the bacteria solution is sprayed or injected into the soil, it needs a certain period of time to fully contact and react with mineral components, organic matter, etc., to reproduce and secrete active substances for inducing mineralization. The molar concentration of the cementing solution used in surface mineralization is 0.25-1 mol / L. If the bacteria solution and the cementing solution are mixed at the same time or too early, part of the bacteria may be solidified by the cementing solution before it adapts to the environment, thereby reducing its biological activity and mineralization capacity. By setting a waiting time of 6-8 hours, it can be ensured that the bacteria solution is fully active and ready to react with the subsequently added cementing solution, thereby optimizing the entire biological mineralization process and improving the mineralization efficiency and effect.

[0040] Unlike the prior art, the above technical solution reinforces the slope from shallow to deep through surface mineralization, shallow mineralization, deep anchoring, and green substrate spray seeding and maintenance, and the entire construction process is simple and efficient, effectively forming a multi-level slope reinforcement structure, enhancing the adhesion of the green substrate and the slope soil, helping to prevent the substrate layer from peeling off, thereby improving the stability of the slope and the greening level.

[0041] By introducing microbial mineralization technology into the preparation of the slope greening substrate, the metabolic action of Paenibacillus pasteuri is used to promote the generation of calcium carbonate precipitation, fill the substrate voids, and combine with soil particles, thereby enhancing the adhesion between materials, increasing the cohesion by 301.69%-435.98%, and increasing the internal friction angle by 11.70%-17.70%, optimizing the structure of the slope substrate, improving the overall strength and rainwater erosion resistance of the slope substrate, and effectively reducing the erosion and loss of the substrate.

[0042] The green substrate of the present application contains plant fibers, microbial mineralization bacteria solution, cementing solution, and other substances, and cooperates with composite microbial fertilizer, water-retaining agent, and plant growth regulator to provide a soil environment more conducive to the growth of vegetation, and constructs a microenvironment in which vegetation and microorganisms coexist in harmony, which not only promotes the rapid growth of vegetation, but also accelerates the repair of the regional ecosystem. At the same time, the thickness of the green substrate is only 2-5 cm, which takes into account high strength and low dosage, effectively reducing construction costs and improving economic benefits and the feasibility of widespread application.

[0043] The above invention content is only a summary of the technical solution of the present application. In order for those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, and then implement it according to the content described in the specification and drawings, and in order for the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application to be more easily understood, the following describes the specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation manners, applications, characteristics and effects of the specific embodiments of the present application and cannot be considered as limitations to the present application.

[0045] In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 The construction flow chart of the layered solidified slope scour-resistant greening substrate of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 The longitudinal section view of the slope surface after the construction method of the specific embodiment is completed;

[0048] Figure 3 The grouting schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 The grouting catheter layout diagram of the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 The grouting catheter and system anchor rod layout diagram of the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail of the specific embodiment.

[0052] The reference signs involved in the above drawings are explained as follows:

[0053] 1, greening substrate layer; 2, reinforced Mac pad; 3, surface layer calcium spraying layer; 4, U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail; 41, funnel-shaped hollow opening structure; 42, insertion part; 421, middle part; 4211, front section; 4212, rear section; 422, bottom part; 5, shallow layer liquid expansion layer; 6, system anchor rod; 7, grouting body; 8, resin gasket; 9, grouting connecting pipe; 10, grouting machine. Specific embodiment

[0054] In order to explain the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific schemes that can be implemented, purposes and effects that can be achieved and the like of the present application in detail, the following will be explained in detail in combination with the specific embodiments listed and the drawings. The embodiments recorded in the present text are only used to more clearly explain the technical schemes of the present application, thus only serve as examples and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] The term "embodiment" is mentioned herein means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit the independence or association between other embodiments. In principle, in the present application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, the meanings of the technical terms used herein are the same as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs; the use of related terms herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0057] In the description of the present application, the phrase "and / or" is a description of the logical relationship between the objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents that the associated objects before and after are a "or" logical relationship.

[0058] In the present application, the terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, primary and secondary or order relationship between the entities or operations.

[0059] In the present application, without more limitation, the "includes", "contains", "has" or other similar expressions used in the sentence are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, and these expressions do not exclude the presence of other elements in the process, method or product including the described elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements can not only include those limited elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or also include the elements inherent to such process, method or product.

[0060] As the same as the understanding in the "Guidelines for Examination", in the present application, the expressions such as "greater than", "less than", "exceed" are understood as not including the number; the expressions such as "above", "below", "within" are understood as including the number. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, for example, "multiple groups", "multiple times", etc., unless otherwise explicitly limited.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the spatially relative terms, such as "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiment or the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or for the convenience of the reader to understand, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or component must have a particular position, a particular orientation, or be constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "fixed", "set", and the like used in the description of the embodiments of the present application should be interpreted broadly. For example, the "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral setting; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or communication connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium; it can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] At present, with the acceleration of urbanization, the serious damage of engineering construction to the vegetation cover layer of slope forms the bare area of slope, which becomes a safety hazard under the action of natural environment, affecting the safety and stability of ecological environment. In order to solve this problem, the ecological restoration of slope becomes the key. Although the traditional spray seeding technology can quickly establish plant community, the greening substrate has defects such as loose structure, poor anti-erosion ability, poor adhesion with slope surface, insufficient plant root support and high cost.

[0064] In order to overcome the above defects, the present application provides a construction method of layered solidified slope anti-erosion greening substrate. The method aims to enhance the strength and anti-erosion ability of the substrate by calcium carbonate crystals induced by microorganisms, to improve the adhesion of the substrate with the slope surface by spraying calcium layer on the surface, shallow liquid diffusion layer and reinforcing measures, to enhance the stability of the slope by system anchor grouting, and to optimize the substrate ratio and mix a variety of functional materials to form an economical and efficient ecological substrate, so as to comprehensively improve the slope greening effect and promote the rapid recovery and persistent stability of the ecological system.

[0065] In the present application, the Paenibacillus campinasensis is from ordinary commercially available goods, and other devices, materials, reagents and methods commonly used in the art are used unless otherwise specified.

[0066] In the present application, the microbial mineralization bacteria liquid is a Pasteuria agri bacteria liquid, and its preparation method comprises the following five steps.

[0067] The first step is to prepare a liquid medium: add 20 g / L of yeast extract powder and 10 g / L of ammonium sulfate to prepare NH4-YE medium with 0.13 mol / L Tris-buffer, and control the pH value of the medium to be 8.5-9.0;

[0068] The second step is to activate the bacteria: inject 20 ml of NH4-YE medium into an ampoule containing the freeze-dried bacteria powder on a sterile operation table, shake the bottle body, and let the freeze-dried powder dissolve completely;

[0069] The third step is preliminary culture: use a sterile pipette to inoculate the activated bacteria liquid into a conical flask containing 500 ml of NH4-YE medium, and place the inoculated culture solution into a water bath shaking incubator, and culture at 30 DEG C for 24-48 h at a rotation speed of 150 r / min; during the culture process, the culture solution appears turbid, indicating that the activation is successful;

[0070] The fourth step is to expand the culture: inoculate the bacteria liquid after preliminary culture into a 200 L fermentation tank containing fermentation medium (yeast extract powder 20 g / L, ammonium sulfate 10 g / L, pH = 9.0), and ferment at 30 DEG C for 48 h;

[0071] The fifth step is to divide and store: after the fermentation is completed, divide the bacteria liquid in the fermentation tank into 25 L square barrels, and store in a 4 DEG C refrigerator for standby use.

[0072] The measurement method of cohesion and internal friction angle: after the proportioning base material is prepared into a standard ring cutter sample, a ZJ-D strain control type direct shear instrument is used to carry out a fast shear test, the load is set at 100 kPa, 200 kPa, 300 kPa and 400 kPa in four levels, the shear rate is 0.80 mm / min, the force gauge is read once every 0.8 mm displacement interval until the sample is sheared to break. Generally, the sample should be sheared to a deformation of 4 mm, and if the scale pointer still continuously increases, the shearing is stopped until the deformation reaches 6 mm.

[0073] The measurement method of emergence rate adopts a counting method, the measurement method of plant height and root length adopts a scale measurement, and the measurement method of coverage degree adopts a camera plus python code recognition processing calculation.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] A construction method of a layered solidified slope scour-resistant greening base material

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 the layered solidified slope scour-resistant greening base material construction flowchart shown in Figure 2The longitudinal section view of the slope surface after the construction method is completed, and Figure 3 The grouting pipe layout shown, the process mainly includes the following steps:

[0077] Slope surface cleaning: remove loose rocks, sludge, stones and gravel on the surface of the slope, trim the corners of the slope and the edges of the slope top, and backfill the depressions on the slope surface to ensure the flatness and stability of the slope section, and lay a good foundation for laying the mesh; depending on the specific circumstances, if the slope surface is already relatively flat, there are no rocks, sludge, stones and gravel, and there are no depressions and edges that are easy to lay the mesh, this step can also be omitted;

[0078] Drainage measure construction: according to the site survey, set up drainage ditches on the top and foot of the large and long slope and the platform, and set up slope drainage ditches according to the size of the slope water flow; in other embodiments, this step can also be determined for implementation or not depending on the specific circumstances;

[0079] Laying the mesh: lay the reinforced macadam pad 2 on the cleaned slope surface from top to bottom, connect and fix the long 30cm U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail 4 and the resin gasket 8 between the adjacent two rolls of reinforced macadam pad 2 respectively, and at least 10cm overlap is required at the intersection of the two nets to obtain the meshed slope;

[0080] Surface microbial mineralization: use a spray gun to spray Bacillus pasteurii liquid on the surface of the meshed slope, spray 0.25mol / L cementing liquid after 6h, repeat the above alternating spraying 3 times, and obtain a 10cm thick surface sprayed calcified layer 3;

[0081] Shallow microbial mineralization: in the construction method of this embodiment, the layout of the grouting pipe is shown in Figure 4 , the layout of the grouting pipe and the system anchor rod is shown in Figure 5 , use the grouting machine 10 with controllable grouting pressure and grouting time to inject Bacillus pasteurii liquid into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor nail 4 through multiple grouting connecting pipes 9, inject 0.5mol / L cementing liquid after 6h, repeat the above alternating grouting 3 times, and obtain a 28cm thick shallow liquid diffusion layer 5 of mineralization;

[0082] Deep rock-soil anchoring: for the unstable rock-soil of the slope surface, a 2m long system anchor rod 6 is driven in and a cement slurry is injected to form a grouting body 7 to anchor the unstable rock-soil, and a deep grouting reinforced layer is obtained;

[0083] Green substrate spray seeding and maintenance: use the guest soil spray seeding machine to spray the mineralized green substrate onto the surface calcified layer of the slope surface once, until the mesh is completely covered, the thickness of the sprayed green substrate is 2cm, forming a green substrate layer 1( Figure 2 ), and then a non-woven fabric is attached for maintenance, and appropriate watering is maintained during the maintenance period according to the moisture condition of the slope surface.

[0084] In this embodiment, the planting soil is selected from the site with high organic matter content, good loose and breathable property, and good soil quality, which is suitable for the growth and development of various vegetation. After taking the soil, it is crushed and passed through a 5-mesh sieve for use.

[0085] The clay is a clay soil composed of silicate minerals, with an IP value greater than 10, and has the characteristics of fine particles, small and many pores, weak water permeability, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, good water stability after compaction, high strength, and mechanical properties varying with water content. The clay can be used as a natural binder for slope greening substrate. After taking the soil, it is crushed and passed through a 10-mesh sieve for use. The clay IP value refers to the plasticity index, which is an important characteristic of the physical properties of clay. It reflects the range of water content when the clay is in a plastic state. The plasticity index IP is the difference between the liquid limit (ωL, the limit of water content when the soil changes from a flowable state to a plastic state) and the plastic limit (ωP, the limit of water content when the soil changes from a plastic state to a semi-solid state), usually expressed as an absolute value in percentage, i.e. IP = ωL-ωP.

[0086] The plant fiber material is a mixture of rice straw fiber and rice husk with a mass ratio of 1:1. The rice straw fiber is a product after crushing treatment, with a fiber length of 1-2 cm.

[0087] The compound microbial fertilizer uses Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides, and B. laterosporus as the main functional bacteria, and is mixed with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in a ratio of 2:3 to form a compound fertilizer.

[0088] The water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate (Potassium Polyacrylate).

[0089] The plant growth regulator is a mixture of mineral fulvic acid, calcium abscisic acid, and chitosan, with a mass ratio of 10-30:1.0-2.0:0.5-1.5.

[0090] The selection of plant seeds is based on the climate and soil conditions of the ecological restoration area, according to the principles of ecology, stress resistance, and landscape, and selects one or several green plants with developed root system, fast growth, drought resistance, and poor tolerance, and arranges them to form a perennial recyclable vegetation ecological community. In this embodiment, a mixture of Paspalum, Leucaena leucocephala, Medicago sativa, Amorpha fruticosa, and Hedera helix is selected as the plant seed, and the plant seed dosage is 10g per square meter.

[0091] The microbial mineralization bacteria liquid is a Pasteur's Bacillus liquid, and the specific preparation method is as described in the above five steps.

[0092] The cementing fluid is prepared by mixing urea and CaCl2 in a molar ratio of 1:2. The urea and CaCl2 are weighed and added to a chemical barrel, and then an appropriate amount of water is added to dissolve the urea and CaCl2. The solution is stirred until it is colorless and transparent, and then the solution is completely dissolved. The prepared cementing fluid has a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to 0.3 mol / L, and is placed at room temperature for standby use.

[0093] In this embodiment, the ratio of the amount of microbial mineralization bacteria solution to the amount of cementing fluid is 1:2.

[0094] The prepared mineralized green substrate mortar is prepared by mixing 20 kg of planting soil, 12 kg of clay, 1 kg of plant fiber material, 1 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10 g of water retaining agent, and 0.8 g of plant growth regulator per square meter of slope green substrate. After mixing, the mixed substrate is obtained. 10 g of plant seeds and the above mixed substrate are poured into a tank of a spray seeding device and mixed with a certain amount of water. The mixing and stirring are carried out during the preparation process. The stirring time is preferably 20 minutes. After the stirring is completed, the substrate mortar is obtained. In the above substrate mortar, 1 L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 1 L of cementing fluid are added in sequence, and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes. After the stirring is completed, the mineralized green substrate mortar is obtained.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor 4 is composed of two funnel-shaped hollow opening structures 41 connected at the top and two insertion parts 42 connected with the funnel-shaped hollow opening structures and perpendicular to the plane where the top is located. The two funnel-shaped hollow opening structures 41 are used for injecting microbial bacteria solution and cementing fluid. The insertion part 42 includes a middle part 421 and a bottom part 422 connected in sequence. One end of the middle part 421 is connected with the funnel-shaped hollow opening structure, and the other end is sequentially connected with a front segment 4211 and a rear segment 4212. The outer side wall of the front segment is a threaded structure for enhancing the friction between the anchor and the rock-soil body. The outer side wall of the rear segment is a smooth small-hole steel pipe structure for pouring microbial bacteria solution and cementing fluid. The bottom part 422 is a sharp conical structure away from the top, which is used for piercing into the soil. It can be understood that when the microbial bacteria solution or the cementing fluid is injected into the two funnel-shaped hollow opening structures, the microbial bacteria solution or the cementing fluid will seep into the connected middle part and bottom part, forming a shallow liquid diffusion layer, thereby realizing a multi-level slope reinforcement structure of reinforced Mac pad + microbial solidification surface calcium layer + U-shaped hollow grouting anchor shallow liquid diffusion layer, and solving the problem that the slope green substrate and the slope soil layer have poor adhesion and are easy to separate at the interface under the action of surface runoff, resulting in peeling of the substrate layer.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] The difference from Example 1 is that the hanging net is laid: after cleaning, the reinforced Mac mat is laid from top to bottom on the slope surface, and the adjacent two rolls of reinforced Mac mat are connected and fixed by a U-shaped hollow grouting anchor with a length of 45 cm and a resin gasket respectively to obtain a hanging net slope;

[0098] Surface microbial mineralization: a spray gun is used to spray Bacillus pasteurii liquid on the surface of the hanging net slope, and 0.5 mol / L of the cementing liquid is sprayed after 8 hours, and the above-mentioned alternate spraying is repeated 5 times to obtain a surface calcified layer with a thickness of 15 cm;

[0099] Shallow microbial mineralization: a grouting machine is used to inject Bacillus pasteurii liquid into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor, and 1.5 mol / L of the cementing liquid is injected after 8 hours, and the above-mentioned alternate grouting is repeated 3 times to obtain a shallow liquid diffusion layer with a mineralization thickness of 44 cm;

[0100] The composite microbial fertilizer in this embodiment takes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus laterosporus as the main functional bacteria, and is mixed with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer at a ratio of 3:2 to form a composite fertilizer.

[0101] In this embodiment, mixed plant seeds of tall fescue, Amorpha fruticosa, Gtteng and ivy are selected, the plant seed dosage is 20 g per square meter, the molar concentration of the cementing liquid in the greening substrate spraying is 0.2 mol / L, and the thickness of the sprayed greening substrate is 5 cm.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] The difference from Example 1 is that the hanging net is laid: after cleaning, the reinforced Mac mat is laid from top to bottom on the slope surface, and the adjacent two rolls of reinforced Mac mat are connected and fixed by a U-shaped hollow grouting anchor with a length of 45 cm and a resin gasket respectively to obtain a hanging net slope;

[0104] Surface microbial mineralization: a spray gun is used to spray Bacillus pasteurii liquid on the surface of the hanging net slope, and 0.5 mol / L of the cementing liquid is sprayed after 8 hours, and the above-mentioned alternate spraying is repeated 5 times to obtain a surface calcified layer with a thickness of 15 cm;

[0105] Shallow microbial mineralization: a grouting machine is used to inject Bacillus pasteurii liquid into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor, and 1.5 mol / L of the cementing liquid is injected after 8 hours, and the above-mentioned alternate grouting is repeated 3 times to obtain a shallow liquid diffusion layer with a mineralization thickness of 44 cm;

[0106] The composite microbial fertilizer in this embodiment takes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus laterosporus as the main functional bacteria, and is mixed with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer at a ratio of 3:2 to form a composite fertilizer.

[0107] The mixed plant seeds of tall fescue, Bermudagrass, Leucaena leucocephala, petunia and ivy were selected in the embodiment, the plant seed dosage was 15 g per square meter, the molar concentration of the cementing solution in the greening substrate spraying was 0.3 mol / L, and the thickness of the sprayed greening substrate was 4 cm.

[0108] Examples 4-7 were constructed by referring to the method of Example 1, and using the following material ratio for the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate.

[0109] The greening substrate spraying ratio of Example 4 was 20 kg of planting soil, 10 kg of clay, 15 g of grass seeds, 1 L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution, 1 L of 0.1 mol / L cementing solution, 1 kg of plant fiber material, 1.5 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10 g of water retaining agent, and 0.5 g of plant growth regulator.

[0110] The substrate ratio of Example 5 was 25 kg of planting soil, 15 kg of clay, 20 g of grass seeds, 1 L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution, 1.5 L of 0.2 mol / L cementing solution, 2 kg of plant fiber material, 2.5 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 15 g of water retaining agent, and 1.5 g of plant growth regulator.

[0111] The substrate ratio of Example 6 was 30 kg of planting soil, 15 kg of clay, 15 g of grass seeds, 1.5 L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution, 1 L of 0.3 mol / L cementing solution, 1.5 kg of plant fiber material, 2 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10 g of water retaining agent, and 1 g of plant growth regulator.

[0112] The substrate ratio of Example 7 was 25 kg of planting soil, 10 kg of clay, 20 g of grass seeds, 1.5 L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution, 1 L of 0.2 mol / L cementing solution, 1.5 kg of plant fiber material, 1.5 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10 g of water retaining agent, and 1 g of plant growth regulator.

[0113] Comparative Example 1

[0114] The ratio was 25 kg of planting soil, 10 kg of clay, and 20 g of grass seeds without adding any substrate.

[0115] The strength and vegetation growth of the greening substrates obtained from Examples 4-7 and Comparative Example 1 were monitored, and the monitoring results are shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1 Strength and vegetation growth of the greening substrates obtained from Examples 4-7 and Comparative Example 1

[0117] Group Emergence rate (%) Plant height (cm) Root length (cm) Coverage (%) Coherent force (kPa) Internal friction angle (°) Example 4 70 31.96 20.53 98.47 95.00 28.27 Example 5 75 36.61 27.13 99.68 126.76 28.66 Example 6 73 39.16 23.46 99.02 110.08 27.20 Example 7 80 37.66 22.83 99.92 112.08 27.90 Control Example 1 71 18.92 11.67 60.88 23.65 24.35

[0118] From the results of Table 1, it can be seen that the method of the present application can significantly improve the structure of the green substrate, the cohesion is increased by 301.69% to 435.98%, the internal friction angle is increased by 11.70% to 17.70%, the strength of the substrate is enhanced, and the anti-erosion ability of the substrate is improved; at the same time, the growth and development of the vegetation are promoted, the emergence rate is similar to that of the control group, the emergence rate of some embodiments is higher than that of the control group, the plant height is increased by 71.65% to 106.98% compared with the control group, the root length is increased by 75.92% to 132.48% compared with the control group, the coverage is increased by 61.74% to 63.73% compared with the control group, and all the growth indexes are obviously better than those of the control group without any treatment.

[0119] Examples 8-10 are implemented by using the following specific means with reference to the method of Example 1.

[0120] In Example 8, 1L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 0.5mol / L of cementing solution are sprayed on the surface layer of each square meter of slope surface, and 2L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 1.0mol / L of cementing solution are injected by using a 30cm U-shaped hollow grouting anchor.

[0121] In Example 9, 1L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 0.5mol / L of cementing solution are sprayed on the surface layer of each square meter of slope surface, and 2L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 1.0mol / L of cementing solution are injected by using a 40cm U-shaped hollow grouting anchor.

[0122] In Example 10, 1L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 0.5mol / L of cementing solution are sprayed on the surface layer of each square meter of slope surface, and 2L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 1.0mol / L of cementing solution are injected by using a 45cm U-shaped hollow grouting anchor.

[0123] In Comparative Example 2, 1L of microbial mineralization bacteria solution and 0.5mol / L of cementing solution are sprayed on the surface layer of each square meter of slope surface.

[0124] In Comparative Example 3, no reinforcement treatment is performed on the slope surface.

[0125] The mineralization reinforcement depth of the slope surface obtained in Examples 8-10 and Comparative Examples 2-3 is shown in Table 2.

[0126] Table 2 Mineralization reinforcement depth of the surface layer obtained in Examples 8-10 and Comparative Examples 2-3

[0127] Group Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Control Example 2 Control Example 3 Mineralized reinforcement depth / cm 34.3 43.5 48.2 13.4 0

[0128] From the results of Table 2, it can be seen that the method of the present application can deepen the microbial reinforcement depth by the method of surface spraying and U-shaped hollow grouting anchor network grouting, and effectively reinforce the surface layer soil of the slope. With the increase of the length of the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor, the microbial reinforcement depth increases.

[0129] In summary, the present application proposes a construction method of a layered solidified slope erosion-resistant greening substrate, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0130] 1. The slope substrate has high overall strength and strong rainwater erosion resistance. The present application introduces microbial mineralization technology into the preparation of the slope greening substrate, promotes the generation of calcium carbonate precipitation through the metabolic action of Bacillus pasteurii, fills the voids of the substrate and combines with soil particles, enhances the bonding effect between materials, increases the cohesion by 301.69% to 435.98%, increases the internal friction angle by 11.70% to 17.70%, significantly enhances the structural properties and overall strength of the substrate, and improves the erosion resistance of the substrate.

[0131] 2. Good greening effect. The slope greening substrate contains composite microbial fertilizer, plant fiber, water retaining agent, microbial mineralization bacteria liquid, cementing liquid, plant growth regulator and other substances, provides a more favorable soil environment for vegetation growth, constructs a microenvironment for the harmonious coexistence of vegetation and microorganisms, promotes the rapid growth of vegetation, and accelerates the repair of the regional ecosystem.

[0132] 3. Small thickness of the substrate and good economic benefits. The slope greening substrate contains plant fiber, composite microbial fertilizer, water retaining agent, microbial mineralization bacteria liquid, cementing liquid, plant growth regulator and other substances, which can not only ensure that the substrate has a certain strength, but also has good water retention and fertilization effect. The thickness of the sprayed substrate is 2-5 cm, which greatly saves the ecological restoration cost and improves the economic benefits.

[0133] 4. Simple and efficient construction method. The present application provides a construction method of a layered solidified slope erosion-resistant greening substrate, which respectively constructs a surface sprayed calcification layer, a shallow liquid diffusion layer and a deep grouting reinforcement layer, and simultaneously reinforces the slope from shallow to deep, combined with the hanging net and spray seeding process, the whole construction process is simple and efficient, which can effectively improve the slope greening level.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the specification and drawings of the present application, they do not limit the patent protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process substitution or modification based on the essential concept of the present application, using the content described in the specification and drawings, and directly or indirectly implementing the technical solutions of the above embodiments in other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method for a layered, solidified slope erosion-resistant greening substrate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Laying the mesh: After cleaning, slope mesh material is laid on the slope surface. Adjacent slope mesh materials are fixed and connected with U-shaped hollow grouting anchors to obtain a mesh-covered slope. The slope mesh material is a reinforced mac mat. The U-shaped hollow grouting anchor consists of a top connected by two funnel-shaped hollow opening structures and two insertion parts connected to the funnel-shaped hollow opening structures and perpendicular to the plane of the top. The insertion part includes a connected middle part and a bottom part. One end of the middle part is connected to the funnel-shaped hollow opening structure, and the other end is connected by a front section and a rear section in sequence. The outer wall of the front section has a threaded structure, the outer wall of the rear section has a smooth structure, and the bottom part has a sharp conical structure that moves away from the top. Surface mineralization: First, a bacterial solution is sprayed onto the surface of the wire mesh slope, followed by a cementing solution, to obtain a surface sprayed calcified layer; wherein, the bacterial solution is a Bacillus pasteurellus bacterial solution, the cementing solution is a mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride, the molar concentration of the cementing solution sprayed in the surface mineralization step is 0.25-1 mol / L, and the thickness of the surface sprayed calcified layer is 10-18 cm; Shallow mineralization: Bacterial solution is first injected into the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor, followed by cementing solution, to obtain a shallow pressure-fluid diffusion layer; wherein, the molar concentration of the cementing solution injected in the shallow mineralization step is 0.5-1.5 mol / L, the thickness of the shallow pressure-fluid diffusion layer is ≥25 cm, and the number of grouting operations in the shallow mineralization step is no less than 3 times, with different pressures and times for different grouting operations: the first grouting pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the grouting time is 5-10 min; the second grouting pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the grouting time is 10-15 min; the third grouting pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, and the grouting time is 15-30 min. Deep anchoring: System anchors are driven into unstable areas of the slope rock and soil, and cement grout is injected into the system anchors for anchoring, resulting in a deep grouting reinforcement layer; wherein the thickness of the deep grouting reinforcement layer is 1.5 to 2.5 m; Spraying and curing of greening substrate: Spraying the greening substrate slurry onto the surface of the sprayed calcified layer, with a thickness of 2-5 cm, applying curing material, and watering for curing; wherein, the molar concentration of the cementing liquid in the greening substrate slurry is 0.1-0.3 mol / L, and the molar concentration ratio of urea to calcium chloride is 1:2-2:

1.

2. The construction method of the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greening substrate spray slurry includes planting soil, clay, plant fiber material, compound microbial fertilizer, water-retaining agent, plant growth regulator, plant seeds, bacterial solution and cementing solution.

3. The construction method of the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The greening substrate spraying per square meter includes 20-30 kg of planting soil, 10-15 kg of clay, 1-2 kg of plant fiber material, 1-1.5 kg of compound microbial fertilizer, 10-15 g of water-retaining agent, 0.5-1.5 g of plant growth regulator, 10-20 g of plant seeds, 1-1.5 L of bacterial solution and 1-1.5 L of cementing solution.

4. The construction method of the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compound microbial fertilizer contains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Bacillus lateralis.

5. The construction method of the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the U-shaped hollow grouting anchor is 30-45cm, the inner diameter of the rear section is 1-2mm, and the spacing between the holes in the rear section is 1-1.5cm.

6. The construction method of the slope erosion-resistant greening substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the surface mineralization step, the bacterial solution is sprayed for 6-8 hours before the cementing solution is sprayed; in the shallow mineralization step, the bacterial solution is injected for 6-8 hours before the cementing solution is injected.

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