Axial flow segmented corn straw crushing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial flow segmented corn straw crushing device, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a frame, a crushing drum and a machine cover; the frame comprises a suspension arm, a first bearing seat, an arc-shaped support seat and a hanging column; the crushing drum comprises a pulley and a second bearing seat, a conical feeding cylinder, a conical feeding blade, a crushing block, a crushing column, a spiral guide blade, a crushing block, a kneading block, a conical discharge cylinder and a conical discharge blade; the machine cover comprises a feeding port, a discharge port, a hanging plate, a side plate, a discharge mask and a crushing shell; the crushing blocks, the crushing blocks and the kneading blocks are spirally distributed on the outside of the crushing drum, and form a segmented crushing form of primary crushing, secondary crushing, and kneading crushing with the crushing shell, so as to realize the cracking of the hard surface of the straw and the high-efficiency and high-quality crushing and kneading of the straw; the invention can reduce the entanglement and blockage of the straw and improve the efficiency and quality of the straw crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an axial flow segmented corn straw crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of rigid growth in food demand, the production of crops like corn and wheat has increased significantly, generating a significant amount of straw. However, straw's low bulk density, large volume, and scattered distribution make it difficult to quickly collect, remove from the fields, and utilize comprehensively. This is particularly true in Northeast China, where long, cold winters make shredding and returning straw to the fields ineffective, severely impacting crop growth and black soil conservation in the following year. Currently, most straw is burned directly in the fields, causing environmental pollution and wasting energy. Crop straw, as a vital biomass resource, is also a crucial source of livestock feed. Converting straw into livestock feed and returning it to the fields through the stomach is crucial for increasing its comprehensive utilization, alleviating feed grain supply and demand security, and promoting the development of the livestock industry. However, the hard outer husk of straw makes it difficult for livestock, such as cattle and sheep, to digest and absorb directly, and in severe cases, can lead to illness. Therefore, to improve the palatability of straw, it is necessary to shred it.

[0003] The crushing device is one of the key components for completing straw crushing and directly affects the quality of feed. The structures of existing straw crushing devices are mainly divided into two types. One is composed of cutters, each blade is evenly distributed on the surface of the disc or drum, and through high-speed rotation, it cooperates with the fixed blade to achieve shearing and crushing operations; the other is composed of hammers, each hammer is evenly distributed on the outside of the drum, and through high-speed rotation, it produces impact, collision and friction on the straw to complete the crushing operation. However, when the cutter crushes the surface of high-hard straw, the blade wear is relatively serious, resulting in reduced operating efficiency; hammer-type crushing significantly increases the crushing energy consumption through the collision and friction between the hammer and the straw, and the filamentous straw is easily accumulated in the crushing chamber, causing blockage and entanglement, reducing the reliability of the crushing operation. In addition, both of the above structures use tangential flow technology, that is, the material moves tangentially along the crushing device, and the material stays in the crushing device for a short time, resulting in poor material crushing quality.

[0004] Looking at the above-mentioned straw crushing devices and technologies, there is an urgent need for a straw crushing and kneading device with high crushing efficiency, good kneading quality, and less straw clogging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a straw crushing and kneading device which can overcome the above-mentioned defects, has high straw crushing efficiency, good kneading quality and less straw blockage.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] An axial flow segmented corn straw pulverizing device comprises a frame, a pulverizing drum and a hood, wherein the hood is detachably fixed to the frame, the pulverizing drum is arranged inside the hood, and both ends of the pulverizing drum are rotatably arranged on the frame;

[0008] The frame is provided with a plurality of hanging columns and two hanging arms, the hanging columns are evenly fixed on the lower part of the frame, the hanging columns are provided with through holes, and the two hanging arms are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame;

[0009] The hood includes several support bases and several mounting plates, the support bases are evenly arranged at the bottom of the hood, the mounting plates are evenly arranged at the top of the hood, through holes are provided on the mounting plates, the mounting plates correspond to the mounting columns, and the hood is detachably fixed to the frame through the mounting plates, the mounting columns and bolts;

[0010] The pulverizing drum includes a first bearing seat, a pulley and a second bearing seat. The pulverizing drum is rotatably arranged on a suspension arm fixed to a frame through the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat. The first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are respectively arranged on two suspension arms on the left and right sides. The pulley is arranged on the right side of the pulverizing drum, and the pulley is connected to an external drive pulley through a transmission belt.

[0011] The crushing drum further comprises a conical feeding drum, a conical feeding blade, crushing blocks, a crushing column, a spiral guide blade, crushing blocks, kneading blocks, a conical discharge drum and a conical discharge blade, wherein the conical feeding drum is fixed to the front of the crushing drum, the conical feeding blade is fixed to the outside of the conical feeding drum, the crushing column is fixed to the middle of the crushing drum, the crushing blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the left side of the outside of the crushing column, the crushing blocks are spirally evenly distributed in the middle of the outside of the crushing column, the kneading blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the right side of the outside of the crushing column, the spiral guide blade is fixed to the outside of the crushing column, the crushing blocks, crushing blocks and kneading blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the outside of the crushing column in a ratio of 2:3:2, the conical discharge drum is fixed to the rear of the crushing column, and the conical discharge blade is fixed to the outside of the conical discharge drum;

[0012] The crushing block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first crushing teeth, the first crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first crushing teeth are pyramid-shaped;

[0013] The crushing block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first crushing teeth, the first crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first crushing teeth are prism-shaped;

[0014] The kneading block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first kneading teeth, the first kneading teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first kneading teeth are triangular prism-shaped;

[0015] The machine cover also includes a feeding port, a discharging port, a side plate, a discharging mask and a crushing shell. The feeding port is fixed at the front of the machine cover, the discharging port is fixed at the rear of the machine cover, the crushing shell is fixed at the middle of the machine cover, the side plate is fixed at the right side of the discharging port, and the discharging mask is fixed at the upper part of the discharging port.

[0016] The inner wall of the crushing shell is uniformly provided with second crushing teeth, second crushing teeth and second kneading teeth at positions corresponding to the crushing block, crushing block and kneading block respectively;

[0017] The crushing block, the first crushing teeth on the crushing block, the first crushing teeth and the second crushing teeth on the inner wall of the crushing shell are staggered, and the first kneading teeth on the kneading block and the second kneading teeth on the inner wall of the crushing shell are meshed.

[0018] The crushing blocks, crushing blocks and kneading blocks are spirally distributed on the outside of the crushing drum, and the second crushing teeth, second crushing teeth and second kneading teeth evenly distributed on the inner wall of the crushing shell form a segmented crushing form of primary crushing, secondary crushing and kneading crushing.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. Crushing teeth, pulverizing teeth and kneading teeth are evenly distributed on the outside of the pulverizing drum, and form a pulverizing mechanism with the pulverizing shell. Crushing teeth can reduce the contact area with the material, improve the breaking strength, effectively destroy the hard surface, and facilitate subsequent kneading and crushing. The distribution ratio of crushing teeth is large, which increases the secondary crushing stroke and effectively improves the crushing quality. Kneading teeth can squeeze, knead and crush the straw through the extrusion effect. Segmented operation can effectively improve the crushing efficiency and crushing quality of straw.

[0021] 2. The spiral guide blades fixed on the outside of the crushing drum can effectively transport materials, which is beneficial to the subsequent crushing operation and the discharge of materials, effectively solving the problem of material accumulation in the crushing chamber and reducing entanglement and blockage.

[0022] 3. The adoption of axial flow integrated segmentation technology increases the operating stroke of the straw in the crushing device, thereby increasing the straw crushing time, improving the straw crushing efficiency and crushing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a rear view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing drum according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the shell.

[0030] Among them: 1-frame; 2-arm; 3-first bearing seat; 4-feeding port; 5-crushing drum; 6-machine cover; 7-arc-shaped support seat; 8-discharge port; 9-hook column; 10-hook plate; 11-pulley; 12-drive shaft; 13-second bearing seat; 14-side plate; 15-discharge cover; 16-conical feeding barrel; 17-conical feeding blade; 18-crushing block; 19-crushing cylinder; 20-spiral guide blade; 21-crushing block; 22-kneading block; 23-conical discharging barrel; 24-conical discharging blade; 25-arc-shaped support bridge; 26-first crushing tooth; 27-first crushing tooth; 28-first kneading tooth; 29-crushing shell; 30-second crushing tooth; 31-second crushing tooth; 32-second kneading tooth;. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an axial flow segmented corn straw pulverizing device includes a frame 1, a pulverizing drum 5 and a cover 6. The cover 6 is detachably fixed to the frame 1, the pulverizing drum 5 is arranged inside the cover 6, and both ends of the pulverizing drum 5 are rotatably arranged on the frame 1;

[0032] The frame 1 is provided with several hanging columns 9 and two hanging arms 2. The hanging columns 9 are evenly fixed on the lower part of the frame 1. The hanging columns 9 are provided with through holes. The two hanging arms 2 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame 1.

[0033] The hood 6 includes several support bases 7 and several mounting plates 10. The support bases 7 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the hood 6. The mounting plates 10 are evenly arranged at the top of the hood 6. Through holes are provided on the mounting plates 10. The mounting plates 10 correspond to the mounting posts 9. The hood 6 is detachably fixed to the frame 1 through the mounting plates 10, the mounting posts 9 and bolts.

[0034] The pulverizing drum 5 includes a first bearing seat 3, a pulley 12 and a second bearing seat 13. The pulverizing drum 5 is rotatably arranged on a suspension arm 2 fixed to a frame 1 through the first bearing seat 3 and the second bearing seat 13. The first bearing seat 3 and the second bearing seat 13 are respectively arranged on the two suspension arms 2 on the left and right sides. The pulley 12 is arranged on the right side of the pulverizing drum 5. The pulley 12 is connected to an external drive pulley through a transmission belt.

[0035] The crushing drum 5 further includes a conical feeding cylinder 16, a conical feeding blade 17, a crushing block 18, a crushing column 19, a spiral guide blade 20, a crushing block 21, a kneading block 22, a conical discharge cylinder 23 and a conical discharge blade 24. The conical feeding cylinder 16 is fixed to the front of the crushing drum 5, the conical feeding blade 17 is fixed to the outside of the conical feeding cylinder 16, the crushing column 19 is fixed to the middle of the crushing drum 5, and the crushing blocks 18 are spirally evenly distributed on the crushing column 19. On the left side of the outside, the crushing blocks 21 are spirally evenly distributed in the middle of the outside of the crushing cylinder 19, the kneading blocks 22 are spirally evenly distributed on the right side of the outside of the crushing cylinder 19, the spiral guide blades 20 are fixed to the outside of the crushing cylinder 19, the crushing blocks 18, crushing blocks 21 and kneading blocks 22 are spirally evenly distributed on the outside of the crushing cylinder 19 in a 2:3:2 ratio, the conical discharge cylinder 23 is fixed to the rear of the crushing cylinder 19, and the conical discharge blades 24 are fixed to the outside of the conical discharge cylinder 23;

[0036] The crushing block 18 includes an arc-shaped support bridge 25 and first crushing teeth 26. The first crushing teeth 26 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge 25 and are pyramid-shaped.

[0037] The crushing block 21 includes an arc-shaped support bridge 25 and first crushing teeth 27. The first crushing teeth 27 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge 25 and are prism-shaped.

[0038] The kneading block 22 includes an arc-shaped support bridge 25 and first kneading teeth 28. The first kneading teeth 28 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge 25 and are triangular prism-shaped.

[0039] The hood 6 also includes a feeding port 4, a discharging port 8, a side plate 14, a discharging mask 15 and a crushing shell 29. The feeding port 4 is fixed to the front of the hood 6, the discharging port 8 is fixed to the rear of the hood 6, the crushing shell 29 is fixed to the middle of the hood 6, the side plate 14 is fixed to the right side of the discharging port 8, and the discharging mask 15 is fixed to the upper part of the discharging port 8;

[0040] The inner wall of the crushing shell 29 is uniformly distributed with second crushing teeth 30, second crushing teeth 31 and second kneading teeth 32 at positions corresponding to the crushing block 18, crushing block 21 and kneading block 22 respectively;

[0041] The first crushing teeth 26 and the first crushing teeth 27 on the crushing block 18 and the crushing block 21 are staggered with the second crushing teeth 30 and the second crushing teeth 31 on the inner wall of the crushing shell 29, and the first kneading teeth 28 on the kneading block 22 are meshed with the second kneading teeth 32 on the inner wall of the crushing shell 29;

[0042] The crushing blocks 18, crushing blocks 21 and kneading blocks 22 are spirally distributed on the outside of the crushing drum 5, and the second crushing teeth 30, second crushing teeth 31 and second kneading teeth 32 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the crushing shell 29 to form a segmented crushing form of primary crushing, secondary crushing and kneading crushing;

[0043] Specifically, the segmented crushing forms of primary crushing, secondary crushing and kneading crushing can realize high-efficiency and high-quality crushing of the hard surface of straw.

[0044] Working principle and process of the present invention:

[0045] The straw enters the conical feeding cylinder 16 through the feeding port 4 and is fed into the front end of the crushing drum 5 by the conical feeding blades 17. The high-speed impact and collision of the crushing block 18 and the crushing shell 29 tears the hard surface of the straw and achieves coarse crushing. The crushing block 21 and the second crushing teeth 30 inside the crushing shell 29 act to crush the straw for a second time and achieve fine crushing. The kneading block 22 and the second crushing teeth 31 inside the crushing shell 29 squeeze and collide to achieve kneading and shredding of the straw. The crushed straw is then ejected through the discharge port 8 on the right side of the hood 6 for the subsequent ejection process.

[0046] The straw enters through the conical feeding cylinder 16, and the first crushing teeth 26 and the second crushing teeth 30 fixed on the arc-shaped support bridge 25 and the crushing shell 29 act on the surface of the straw. The pyramid-shaped crushing teeth reduce the contact area of ​​the straw surface under force, effectively improving the destructive strength of the straw surface structure; the prism-shaped first crushing teeth 27 and the second crushing teeth 31 effectively increase the friction contact area and improve the straw crushing effect; the first kneading teeth 28 and the second kneading teeth 32 have the largest area, which can achieve effective kneading and crushing of the straw; the spiral guide blades 20 are fixed on the outside of the crushing drum 5, which can effectively transport the material in the crushing device and reduce the entanglement and blockage of the straw; the use of axial flow technology effectively increases the crushing time of the straw in the crushing device, increases the operating stroke, and can effectively improve the crushing efficiency and material crushing quality; the crushing teeth, crushing teeth and kneading teeth are used for integrated segmented operation, which reduces the operating procedures and costs.

Claims

1. An axial flow segmented corn straw pulverizing device, characterized by: It includes a frame, a crushing drum and a cover. The cover is detachably fixed to the frame. The crushing drum is arranged inside the cover. Both ends of the crushing drum are rotatably arranged on the frame. The crushing drum further comprises a conical feeding drum, a conical feeding blade, crushing blocks, a crushing column, a spiral guide blade, crushing blocks, kneading blocks, a conical discharge drum and a conical discharge blade, wherein the conical feeding drum is fixed to the front of the crushing drum, the conical feeding blade is fixed to the outside of the conical feeding drum, the crushing column is fixed to the middle of the crushing drum, the crushing blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the left side of the outside of the crushing column, the crushing blocks are spirally evenly distributed in the middle of the outside of the crushing column, the kneading blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the right side of the outside of the crushing column, the spiral guide blade is fixed to the outside of the crushing column, the crushing blocks, crushing blocks and kneading blocks are spirally evenly distributed on the outside of the crushing column in a ratio of 2:3:2, the conical discharge drum is fixed to the rear of the crushing column, and the conical discharge blade is fixed to the outside of the conical discharge drum; The crushing block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first crushing teeth, the first crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first crushing teeth are pyramid-shaped; The crushing block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first crushing teeth, the first crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first crushing teeth are prism-shaped; The kneading block includes an arc-shaped support bridge and first kneading teeth, the first kneading teeth are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped support bridge, and the first kneading teeth are triangular prism-shaped; The machine cover also includes a feeding port, a discharging port, a side plate, a discharging mask and a crushing shell. The feeding port is fixed at the front of the machine cover, the discharging port is fixed at the rear of the machine cover, the crushing shell is fixed at the middle of the machine cover, the side plate is fixed at the right side of the discharging port, and the discharging mask is fixed at the upper part of the discharging port. The inner wall of the crushing shell is uniformly provided with second crushing teeth, second crushing teeth and second kneading teeth at positions corresponding to the crushing block, crushing block and kneading block respectively; The crushing block, the first crushing teeth on the crushing block, the first crushing teeth and the second crushing teeth on the inner wall of the crushing shell are staggered, and the first kneading teeth on the kneading block and the second kneading teeth on the inner wall of the crushing shell are meshed.

2. The axial flow segmented corn straw pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a plurality of hanging columns and two hanging arms, the hanging columns are evenly fixed on the lower part of the frame, the hanging columns are provided with through holes, and the two hanging arms are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame; The hood includes several support bases and several mounting plates, the support bases are evenly arranged at the bottom of the hood, the mounting plates are evenly arranged at the top of the hood, through holes are provided on the mounting plates, the mounting plates correspond to the mounting columns, and the hood is detachably fixed to the frame through the mounting plates, the mounting columns and bolts; The crushing drum includes a first bearing seat, a pulley and a second bearing seat. The crushing drum is rotatably arranged on a suspension arm fixed to a frame through the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat. The first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are respectively arranged on two suspension arms on the left and right sides. The pulley is arranged on the right side of the crushing drum, and the pulley is connected to the external drive pulley through a transmission belt.

3. The axial flow segmented corn straw pulverizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing blocks, crushing blocks and kneading blocks are spirally distributed on the outside of the crushing drum, and the second crushing teeth, second crushing teeth and second kneading teeth evenly distributed on the inner wall of the crushing shell form a segmented crushing form of primary crushing, secondary crushing and kneading crushing.

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