Retractable anchor for soft rock support

Abstract

The present invention discloses a telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support, comprising a first rod body, a second rod body is arranged at one end of the first rod body, a moving mechanism is sleeved on the ends of the first rod body and the second rod body close to each other, the first rod body movably passes through one end of the moving mechanism, and the second rod body is fixedly passed through the other end of the moving mechanism. The telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support provided by the present invention solves the problem in the prior art that mud resistance affects the internal elastic part during insertion, thereby interfering with the normal use of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of anchor rod support, and in particular relates to a telescopic anchor rod used for soft rock support. Background Art

[0002] Anchor support is one of the main methods of soft rock slope and tunnel support. The anchor penetrates the unstable rock or soil layer into the stable layer. The anchor in the unstable layer transfers the tensile or compressive load generated by the deformation of the rock layer to the anchor end in the stable layer, and then distributes the load to the surrounding rock layer to strengthen and stabilize the rock mass.

[0003] Due to the large deformation and displacement of soft rock, ordinary anchor rods have relatively poor adaptability when supporting soft rock and are easily damaged when subjected to external loads. High strength requirements are placed on ordinary anchor rods. Retractable anchor rods can solve the problem of poor adaptability of ordinary anchor rods to rock deformation.

[0004] The retractable anchor rod in the prior art generally utilizes the elastic effect of the spring to realize the axial retractable performance of the anchor rod and enhance the anchoring adaptability of the anchor rod. The elastic device is generally arranged at the head or tail of the rod body. However, from the force characteristics, when the middle part of the anchor rod is subjected to force, the anchor rod cannot effectively realize its retractable performance; and there is mud inside the inserted drilling hole to assist in fixation. The mud will form resistance during the insertion process, and this resistance will affect the internal elastic parts and affect the normal use of the anchor rod. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a retractable anchor rod for soft rock support, which solves the problem in the prior art that mud resistance affects the internal elastic parts during insertion, thereby interfering with the normal use of the device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support comprises a first rod body, a second rod body is arranged at one end of the first rod body, a moving mechanism is sleeved on the ends of the first rod body and the second rod body close to each other, the first rod body movably penetrates one end of the moving mechanism, and the second rod body is fixedly penetrated at the other end of the moving mechanism;

[0007] The abutting mechanism comprises a circular sleeve with two ends respectively sleeved on the first rod body and the second rod body, and a limit assembly, a buffer assembly and a guide assembly are respectively arranged in the circular sleeve;

[0008] The limiting assembly includes an inner ring for limiting the first rod body, and two first notches are provided on the inner ring along the length direction. The guiding assembly includes a guiding rod matching with the first notches. The circular sleeve also includes a guiding plate for ensuring the accurate insertion of the first rod body. The buffer assembly includes a first guiding ring matching with the guiding plate, and the guiding assembly also includes a second guiding ring matching with the guiding plate.

[0009] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0010] The limit assembly includes two positioning rings, which are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the circular sleeve, the first rod body slides through the positioning ring near one end thereof, and the second rod body is fixedly arranged through the other positioning ring near one end thereof; the inner ring is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the circular sleeve;

[0011] The guide plate is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circular sleeve, and is located between the inner ring and the second rod body. Two ends of the guide plate are respectively in close contact with the buffer assembly and the first rod body.

[0012] Both ends of the guide plate are provided with chamfers.

[0013] The buffer assembly includes a fixed sleeve, which is arranged at one end of the second rod body located in the circular sleeve, and the outer wall of the fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circular sleeve, the end of the fixed sleeve away from the second rod body is connected to an air spring, and the end of the air spring away from the fixed sleeve is connected to a connecting block, the first guide ring is arranged outside the connecting block, and the first guide ring is provided with a second notch that matches the guide plate, and the end of the guide plate close to the second rod body is fixed through the second notch and is in close contact with the connecting block.

[0014] The guide assembly includes a second guide ring, which is fixedly sleeved on one end of the first rod body located in the circular sleeve, and a third notch is provided on the second guide ring to match the guide plate, and one end of the guide plate close to the first rod body slides through the third notch to fit the first rod body;

[0015] The two guide rods are both arranged on one end of the first rod body located in the circular sleeve, the two guide rods are both arranged along the length direction of the first rod body, and the two guide rods are respectively slidably arranged in the corresponding first notches.

[0016] The third notch is not in the same straight line as the two guide rods.

[0017] The included angles between the inner walls at both sides of the first notch, the second notch and the third notch are all right angles.

[0018] The included angle between the two guide rods is less than 180°, and both ends of the two guide rods are provided with chamfers.

[0019] The outer diameter of the second guide ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner ring, and the length of the guide rod is smaller than the distance between the inner ring and the guide plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) The telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support of the present invention can transport the second rod body to a predetermined depth under the action of the abutment mechanism when in use. Specifically, the guide rod is abutted against the inner ring, and the second rod body is pushed to the predetermined depth through the circular sleeve. After the angle is reset, the guide rod is passed through the first notch of the inner ring. The second guide ring and the first guide ring are fitted together under the guidance of the guide plate. During the insertion process, the mud resistance is prevented from affecting the insertion depth of the second rod body.

[0022] (2) The telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support of the present invention achieves the effect of driving the actuating mechanism to move through the first notch provided on the inner wall of the inner ring and the guide rod matched therewith. At the same time, when resetting the angle, the chamfering of the guide rod facilitates the guide rod to pass through the first notch of the inner ring, thereby maintaining smooth insertion. Moreover, since the angle between the two first notches is less than 180°, the uniqueness of the insertion angle is maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic anchor rod of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the telescopic anchor rod circular sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the telescopic anchor rod limit assembly, buffer assembly and guide assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retractable anchor rod inner ring and guide plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retractable anchor rod buffer assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic anchor rod guide assembly of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure, 1, the first rod body; 2, the second rod body; 3, the moving mechanism; 31, the circular sleeve; 311, the guide plate; 312, the positioning ring; 313, the inner ring; 32, the buffer assembly; 321, the fixing sleeve; 322, the air spring; 323, the connecting block; 324, the first guide ring; 33, the guide assembly; 331, the guide rod; 332, the second guide ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Retractable anchors for soft rock support, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a first rod body 1, a second rod body 2 is provided at one end of the first rod body 1, and the ends of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other are jointly sleeved with a moving mechanism 3, the first rod body 1 movably passes through one end of the moving mechanism 3, and the second rod body 2 is fixedly passed through the other end of the moving mechanism 3.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the abutting mechanism 3 includes a circular sleeve 31, both ends of which are respectively sleeved on the outer surfaces of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other, and a limit assembly, a buffer assembly 32 and a guide assembly 33 are respectively provided in the circular sleeve 31, wherein the buffer assembly 32 is connected to one end of the second rod body 2 located in the circular sleeve 31, and the guide assembly 33 is arranged on one end of the first rod body 1 close to the second rod body 2.

[0033] The limiting assembly includes an inner ring 313 for limiting the first rod body 1, and two first notches are provided on the inner ring 313 along the length direction. The guide assembly 33 includes a guide rod 331 matching with the first notches; the circular sleeve 31 also includes a guide plate 311 to ensure accurate insertion of the first rod body 1, the buffer assembly 32 includes a first guide ring 324 matching with the guide plate 311, and the guide assembly 33 also includes a second guide ring 332 matching with the guide plate 311.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the limit assembly includes two positioning rings 312, and the two positioning rings 312 are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, wherein the first rod body 1 slides through the positioning ring 312 near one end thereof, and the second rod body 2 is fixedly arranged through the positioning ring 312 near one end thereof, and the inner ring 313 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, and two first notches are provided on the inner ring 313 along the length direction, and the angle between the two first notches is less than 180°, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of the insertion angle of the guide plate 311 described later and avoiding errors.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, a guide plate 311 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31 , and the guide plate 311 is located between the inner ring 313 and the second rod body 2 , and two ends of the guide plate 311 are in close contact with the buffer assembly 32 and the first rod body 1 respectively.

[0036] The specific structure of the buffer component 32 is as follows: Figure 5As shown, it includes a fixing sleeve 321, which is fixedly sleeved outside one end of the second rod body 2 located in the circular sleeve 31, and the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 321 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, the end of the fixing sleeve 321 away from the second rod body 2 is connected to the air spring 322, and the end of the air spring 322 away from the fixing sleeve 321 is connected to the connecting block 323, the first guide ring 324 is sleeved outside the connecting block 323, and the first guide ring 324 is provided with a second notch that matches the guide plate 311, and the end of the guide plate 311 close to the second rod body 2 is fixedly passed through the second notch and is in close contact with the connecting block 323.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide assembly 33 includes a second guide ring 332, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rod body 1 located in the circular sleeve 31, and a third notch matching with the guide plate 311 is opened on the second guide ring 332. The end of the guide plate 311 close to the first rod body 1 slides through the third notch and fits with the first rod body 1.

[0038] In the present application, both ends of the guide plate 311 are provided with chamfers, so that the two ends can better match the notches on the surfaces of the second guide ring 332 and the first guide ring 324 during operation.

[0039] Two guide rods 331 matching the first notches are further provided on one end of the first rod body 1 located in the circular sleeve 31. The two guide rods 331 are both arranged along the length direction of the first rod body 1, and the angle between the two guide rods 331 is less than 180°. When in use, the two guide rods 331 can slide in the two matching first notches on the inner ring 313 at the same time, so that they can slide from the end of the circular sleeve 31 close to the first rod body 1 to the end close to the second rod body 2 (with the inner ring 313 as the middle boundary). Chamfers are provided at both ends of the two guide rods 331, which improves the success of inserting the guide plate 311 into the third notch, and chalk or the like can be used to draw lines on the outside of the first rod body 1 to assist in ensuring successful insertion.

[0040] In the present application, the positioning ring 312 and the inner ring 313 can cooperate with the guide rod 331, so that the guide rod 331 fixed on the surface of the first rod body 1 moves between the positioning ring 312 and the inner ring 313 under normal conditions. In the process of pushing the rod body into the borehole, it is ensured that the rod body will not be affected by the resistance generated by the mud inside the borehole, thereby avoiding squeezing of the air spring 322;

[0041] When the second rod body 2 moves to the depth of the borehole and reaches the predetermined position, the operator can adjust the angle of the first rod body 1 so that the guide rod 331 moves to the position of the first notch on the inner ring 313, and push the first rod body 1 to the depth of the borehole, and the guide rod 331 passes through the first notch and enters the other side of the inner ring 313. At the same time, since the two first notches of the inner ring 313 are less than 180°, the uniqueness of the insertion angle of the round sleeve 312 can be maintained to avoid errors. The second guide ring 332 and the first guide ring 324 have the same relative angle, and under the guidance of the guide plate 311, the insertion is kept smooth;

[0042] The third notch and the two guide rods 331 are not in the same straight line, that is, the two guide rods 331 are arranged at a position away from the guide plate 311, thereby avoiding position conflict between the guide rods 331 and the guide plate 311 and ensuring a buffering effect after smooth insertion.

[0043] The outer diameter of the second guide ring 332 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner ring 313 , and the length of the guide rod 331 is smaller than the distance between the inner ring 313 and the guide plate 311 . This design facilitates the guide rod 331 to smoothly pass through the first notch during operation.

[0044] In the present application, the angles between the inner walls on both sides of the first notch, the second notch and the third notch are all right angles, that is, the angles between all the notches remain consistent, ensuring that the anchor rod can be smoothly inserted during the operation.

[0045] Specific working methods:

[0046] When in use, the operator first maintains a small angle misalignment between the two guide rods 331 and the first notch on the inner ring 313, so that the guide rod 331 is located between the first rod body 1 and the inner ring 313 in the circular sleeve 31, and then pushes the first rod body 1 to drive the second rod body 2 to move deeper. During this process, the second rod body 2 will not be affected by the resistance generated by the mud inside the borehole, thereby avoiding squeezing of the air spring 322.

[0047] When pushed to a predetermined depth, the misalignment angle can be accurately reset by external engraved lines or the like, so that the two guide rods 331 are respectively aligned with the corresponding first notches on the inner ring 313 and inserted therein. At this time, the first rod body 1 can be pushed directly toward the second rod body 2, and the two guide rods 331 are pushed to the other side of the inner ring 313. Then, the end of the guide plate 311 close to the first rod body 1 will be inserted into the third notch on the second guide ring 332. Under the guiding action of the guide plate 311, the insertion is kept smooth until the two end faces of the connecting block 323 are respectively in contact with the second guide ring 332 and the first guide ring 322.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Retractable anchors for soft rock support, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first rod body 1, a second rod body 2 is provided at one end of the first rod body 1, and the ends of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other are jointly sleeved with a moving mechanism 3, the first rod body 1 movably passes through one end of the moving mechanism 3, and the second rod body 2 is fixedly passed through the other end of the moving mechanism 3.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the abutting mechanism 3 includes a circular sleeve 31, both ends of which are respectively sleeved on the outer surfaces of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other, a limiting component is provided in the circular sleeve 31, and a buffer component 32 is also fixed in the circular sleeve 31, and the buffer component 32 is connected to one end of the second rod body 2 located in the circular sleeve 31;

[0051] It also includes a guide assembly 33 , which is arranged on one end of the first rod body 1 close to the second rod body 2 .

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Retractable anchors for soft rock support, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first rod body 1, a second rod body 2 is provided at one end of the first rod body 1, and the ends of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other are jointly sleeved with a moving mechanism 3, the first rod body 1 movably passes through one end of the moving mechanism 3, and the second rod body 2 is fixedly passed through the other end of the moving mechanism 3.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the abutting mechanism 3 includes a circular sleeve 31, both ends of which are respectively sleeved on the outer surfaces of the first rod body 1 and the second rod body 2 close to each other, a limiting component is provided in the circular sleeve 31, and a buffer component 32 is also fixed in the circular sleeve 31, and the buffer component 32 is connected to one end of the second rod body 2 located in the circular sleeve 31;

[0055] It also includes a guide assembly 33 , which is arranged on one end of the first rod body 1 close to the second rod body 2 .

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the limit assembly includes two positioning rings 312, and the two positioning rings 312 are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, wherein the first rod body 1 slides through the positioning ring 312 near one end thereof, and the second rod body 2 is fixedly inserted through the positioning ring 312 near one end thereof; it also includes an inner ring 313 fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, and two first notches are provided on the inner ring 313 along the length direction, and the angle between the two first notches is less than 180°, thereby ensuring the uniqueness of the insertion angle of the guide plate 311 described later and avoiding errors.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, a guide plate 311 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31 , and the guide plate 311 is located between the inner ring 313 and the second rod body 2 , and two ends of the guide plate 311 are in close contact with the buffer assembly 32 and the first rod body 1 respectively.

[0058] The specific structure of the buffer component 32 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes a fixing sleeve 321, which is fixedly mounted outside one end of the second rod body 2 located in the circular sleeve 31, and the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 321 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the circular sleeve 31, and the end of the fixing sleeve 321 away from the second rod body 2 is connected to an air spring 322, and the end of the air spring 322 away from the fixing sleeve 321 is connected to a connecting block 323, and a first guide ring 324 is arranged on the outer sleeve of the connecting block 323, and a second notch matching with the guide plate 311 is opened on the first guide ring 324, and the end of the guide plate 311 close to the second rod body 2 is fixedly penetrated through the second notch and in close contact with the connecting block 323.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide assembly 33 includes a second guide ring 332, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the first rod body 1 located in the circular sleeve 31, and a third notch matching with the guide plate 311 is opened on the second guide ring 332. The end of the guide plate 311 close to the first rod body 1 slides through the third notch and fits with the first rod body 1.

[0060] In the present application, both ends of the guide plate 311 are provided with chamfers, so that the two ends can better match the notches on the surfaces of the second guide ring 332 and the first guide ring 324 during operation.

[0061] Two guide rods 331 matching the first notches are further provided on one end of the first rod body 1 located in the circular sleeve 31. The two guide rods 331 are both arranged along the length direction of the first rod body 1, and the angle between the two guide rods 331 is less than 180°. When in use, the two guide rods 331 can slide in the two matching first notches on the inner ring 313 at the same time, so that they can slide from the end of the circular sleeve 31 close to the first rod body 1 to the end close to the second rod body 2 (with the inner ring 313 as the middle boundary). Chamfers are provided at both ends of the two guide rods 331, which improves the success of inserting the guide plate 311 into the third notch, and chalk or the like can be used to draw lines on the outside of the first rod body 1 to assist in ensuring successful insertion.

[0062] In the present application, the positioning ring 312 and the inner ring 313 can cooperate with the guide rod 331, so that the guide rod 331 fixed on the surface of the first rod body 1 moves between the positioning ring 312 and the inner ring 313 under normal conditions. In the process of pushing the rod body into the borehole, the rod body will not be affected by the resistance generated by the mud inside the borehole, thereby avoiding squeezing of the air spring 322.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Specific working methods:

[0065] When in use, the operator first maintains a small angle misalignment between the two guide rods 331 and the first notch on the inner ring 313, so that the guide rod 331 is located between the first rod body 1 and the inner ring 313 in the circular sleeve 31, and the first rod body 1 drives the guide rod 331 to contact the side of the inner ring 313, and then pushes the first rod body 1 and drives the second rod body 2 to push deeper. In this process, the second rod body 2 will not be affected by the resistance generated by the mud inside the borehole, thereby avoiding squeezing of the air spring 322;

[0066] When pushed to a predetermined depth, the misalignment angle can be accurately reset by externally engraved lines or the like, so that the two guide rods 331 are respectively aligned with the corresponding first notches on the inner ring 313 and inserted therein. At this time, the first rod body 1 can be pushed directly toward the second rod body 2, and the two guide rods 331 can be pushed to the other side of the inner ring 313. Then, the end of the guide plate 311 close to the first rod body 1 will be inserted into the third notch on the second guide ring 332. Under the guiding effect of the guide plate 311, the insertion is kept smooth.

Claims

1. A retractable anchor for soft rock support, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first rod body (1), a second rod body (2) is provided at one end of the first rod body (1), a moving mechanism (3) is sleeved on the ends of the first rod body (1) and the second rod body (2) close to each other, the first rod body (1) movably passes through one end of the moving mechanism (3), and the second rod body (2) is fixedly passed through the other end of the moving mechanism (3); The abutting mechanism (3) comprises a circular sleeve (31) with two ends respectively sleeved on the first rod body (1) and the second rod body (2), wherein a limit assembly, a buffer assembly (32) and a guide assembly (33) are respectively arranged in the circular sleeve (31); The limiting assembly comprises an inner ring (313) for limiting the position of the first rod body (1), the inner ring (313) being provided with two first notches along the length direction, and the guiding assembly (33) comprising a guiding rod (331) matching with the first notches; the circular sleeve (31) also comprises a guiding plate (311) for ensuring accurate insertion of the first rod body (1), the buffer assembly (32) comprising a first guiding ring (324) matching with the guiding plate (311), and the guiding assembly (33) further comprising a second guiding ring (332) matching with the guiding plate (311); The limiting assembly comprises two positioning rings (312), the two positioning rings (312) are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the circular sleeve (31), the first rod body (1) slides through the positioning ring (312) near one end thereof, and the second rod body (2) is fixedly arranged through the other positioning ring (312) near one end thereof; the inner ring (313) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the circular sleeve (31); The guide plate (311) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circular sleeve (31), the guide plate (311) is located between the inner ring (313) and the second rod body (2), and the two ends of the guide plate (311) are respectively in close contact with the buffer assembly (32) and the first rod body (1); Both ends of the guide plate (311) are provided with chamfers; The buffer assembly (32) comprises a fixing sleeve (321), the fixing sleeve (321) being fixedly sleeved on one end of the second rod body (2) located inside the circular sleeve (31), and the outer wall of the fixing sleeve (321) being fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circular sleeve (31), the end of the fixing sleeve (321) away from the second rod body (2) being connected to an air spring (322), the end of the air spring (322) away from the fixing sleeve (321) being connected to a connecting block (323), the first guide ring (324) being sleeved outside the connecting block (323), the first guide ring (324) being provided with a second notch matching with the guide plate (311), and the end of the guide plate (311) close to the second rod body (2) being fixedly passed through the second notch and in close contact with the connecting block (323); The guide assembly (33) comprises a second guide ring (332), the second guide ring (332) being fixedly sleeved on one end of the first rod body (1) located in the circular sleeve (31), the second guide ring (332) being provided with a third notch matched with the guide plate (311), and the end of the guide plate (311) close to the first rod body (1) slidingly passes through the third notch and fits with the first rod body (1); The two guide rods (331) are both arranged on one end of the first rod body (1) located inside the circular sleeve (31); the two guide rods (331) are both arranged along the length direction of the first rod body (1); and the two guide rods (331) are respectively slidably arranged in corresponding first notches.

2. The retractable anchor rod for soft rock support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third notch and the two guide rods (331) are not on the same straight line.

3. The telescopic anchor rod for soft rock support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angles between the inner walls on both sides of the first notch, the second notch and the third notch are all right angles.

4. The retractable anchor rod for soft rock support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the two guide rods (331) is less than 180°, and both ends of the two guide rods (331) are provided with chamfers.

5. The retractable anchor rod for soft rock support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the second guide ring (332) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner ring (313), and the length of the guide rod (331) is smaller than the distance between the inner ring (313) and the guide plate (311).

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