A method and system for optimizing the layout of floating photovoltaic arrays on water

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic arrays. The method comprises: dividing the water area where the photovoltaic array is to be arranged into a plurality of water area grids; obtaining a first water area grid, collecting first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data; analyzing and obtaining a first arrangement fitness; searching in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, and obtaining a second arrangement fitness, continuing to search and obtaining an optimized water area grid distribution; optimizing the overall layout of the photovoltaic array according to the optimized water area grid distribution, obtaining an optimal arrangement optimization result, and arranging a floating photovoltaic array on water. The method solves the technical problem that the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the photovoltaic array layout, resulting in a poor overall arrangement effect of the photovoltaic array, and obtains a suitable arrangement area by searching, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the overall arrangement effect of the photovoltaic array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic arrays, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and energy crisis, the development of renewable energy has become increasingly important. Photovoltaic technology, as one of the best, has attracted much attention due to its clean and renewable characteristics. However, with the widespread application of photovoltaic technology, land resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the construction of traditional ground photovoltaic power stations faces many restrictions. In order to overcome this problem, floating photovoltaic arrays on water have emerged as an innovative solution. By installing photovoltaic modules on floating platforms on the water surface, floating photovoltaic arrays on water can not only effectively utilize the vast water area and reduce the occupation of traditional land resources, but also improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules through the natural cooling effect of water bodies. In addition, floating photovoltaic arrays on water also have the advantages of flexible installation and convenient maintenance, and are suitable for various water environments. However, the water environment is complex and changeable, and factors such as water flow fluctuations, light conditions, and water resource protection have an important impact on the layout and performance of photovoltaic arrays. Water flow fluctuations may cause instability or even damage to photovoltaic modules; light conditions directly affect the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules; and water resource protection requires that the layout of photovoltaic arrays should not have a negative impact on the ecological environment of the water area. Therefore, how to achieve efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly layout of photovoltaic arrays in aquatic environments has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and system for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water, which solves the technical problem that the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the impact of multiple factors on the layout of the photovoltaic array, resulting in poor overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method and system for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water, the method comprising:

[0006] The water area to be arranged with floating photovoltaic arrays is divided into a plurality of water area grids; a random search is performed in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid are collected; according to the first water flow fluctuation data, stability impact and cooling impact analysis of photovoltaic components are performed, the first illumination data is used to perform power generation impact analysis of photovoltaic components, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are combined to perform water resource protection impact analysis, and the first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid is calculated and obtained; according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a decision is made to obtain a search step length for the next water area grid search, a search is performed in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, and a second arrangement fitness is obtained by analysis, and the search direction is adjusted according to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, and the search optimization of the plurality of water area grids is continued until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution; according to the optimized water area grid distribution, an overall arrangement optimization of the photovoltaic array arrangement is performed to obtain an optimal arrangement optimization result, and an arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water is performed.

[0007] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a floating photovoltaic array layout optimization system, the system comprising:

[0008] A water area division module, the water area division module is used to divide the water area where the floating photovoltaic array is to be arranged into multiple water area grids; a random search module, the random search module is used to perform a random search in the multiple water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and collect first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid; an analysis module, the analysis module is used to perform stability impact and cooling impact analysis of the photovoltaic module according to the first water flow fluctuation data, use the first illumination data to perform power generation impact analysis of the photovoltaic module, and combine the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data to perform water resource protection impact analysis, and calculate and obtain the first water area grid. Arrangement fitness; a search optimization module, the search optimization module is used to decide the search step for the next water area grid search according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, search in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, and analyze and obtain a second arrangement fitness, and adjust the search direction according to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, and continue to search and optimize the multiple water area grids until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution; an arrangement optimization module, the arrangement optimization module is used to perform overall arrangement optimization of the photovoltaic array arrangement according to the optimized water area grid distribution, obtain the optimal arrangement optimization result, and arrange a floating photovoltaic array on water.

[0009] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0010] First, the water area to be arranged with floating photovoltaic arrays is divided into multiple water area grids. Then, a random search is performed in the multiple water area grids to obtain the first water area grid, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data in the first water area grid are collected. Then, according to the first water flow fluctuation data, the stability impact and cooling impact of the photovoltaic module are analyzed, the first illumination data is used to analyze the power generation impact of the photovoltaic module, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are combined to analyze the water resource protection impact, and the first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid is calculated. Further, according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a decision is made to obtain the search step length for the next water area grid search, and a search is performed in a random direction to obtain the second water area grid, and the second arrangement fitness is obtained by analysis, and the search direction is adjusted according to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, and the search optimization of multiple water area grids is continued until all searches are completed to obtain the optimized water area grid distribution. Finally, according to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout optimization of the photovoltaic array layout is performed to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, and the floating photovoltaic array layout is performed on the water. The present invention solves the technical problem that the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the photovoltaic array layout, resulting in poor overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array. By searching for a suitable layout area, the technical effect of improving the overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for optimizing the arrangement of a floating photovoltaic array on water provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-water floating photovoltaic array layout optimization system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Explanation of the reference numerals: water area division module 11, random search module 12, analysis module 13, search optimization module 14, layout optimization module 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and system for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water, thereby solving the technical problem that the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the impact of various factors on the layout of the photovoltaic array, resulting in poor overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array.

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not explicitly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0018] Embodiment 1

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water, wherein the method comprises:

[0020] The water area where the floating photovoltaic array is to be deployed is divided into a plurality of water area grids.

[0021] In the process of optimizing the layout of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, the water area where the floating photovoltaic arrays are to be arranged is divided, such as equally spaced division, into multiple water area grids, so as to more accurately evaluate factors such as lighting conditions and water flow fluctuations in each area to assess whether it is suitable for the layout of the photovoltaic array, thereby ensuring the layout efficiency and safety of the photovoltaic array.

[0022] A random search is performed in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid are collected.

[0023] A random search is performed in the divided multiple water grids to determine an initial evaluation point, i.e., the first water grid, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data in the first water grid are collected. The first water flow fluctuation data reflects the water flow characteristics in the first water grid, such as flow velocity, flow direction, fluctuation amplitude, etc.; the first illumination data reflects the illumination intensity and distribution in the first water grid.

[0024] Furthermore, performing a random search in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and collecting first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid, comprises:

[0025] A random search is performed within the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid; the frequency and amplitude of water flow fluctuations within the first water area grid are collected to obtain first water flow fluctuation data; and the intensity and time of light within the first water area grid are collected to obtain first light data.

[0026] When planning the layout of floating photovoltaic arrays, it is necessary to conduct random searches within multiple water grids that have been divided to determine a starting point (the first water grid) for evaluation. Random selection helps ensure that grids within the entire water range have the opportunity to be selected, thereby obtaining more extensive and representative data. The water flow fluctuation data collected within the first water grid include the frequency and amplitude of the water flow. These data reflect the dynamics and stability of the water flow in the area in order to evaluate the stability and durability of the photovoltaic array in the water. At the same time, the light data collected within the first water grid include the intensity and duration of the light. These data will be used to evaluate the light conditions in the area and the power generation potential of the photovoltaic array. The light intensity directly determines the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, while the light duration affects the overall power generation of the photovoltaic array.

[0027] Based on the first water flow fluctuation data, the stability impact and cooling impact of the photovoltaic components are analyzed, the first illumination data is used to analyze the power generation impact of the photovoltaic components, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are combined to analyze the water resource protection impact, and the first layout fitness of the first water area grid is calculated.

[0028] Water flow will affect the stability of photovoltaic panels and the cooling performance of photovoltaic panels. According to the first water flow fluctuation data, the stability impact analysis and cooling impact analysis of photovoltaic modules are carried out to evaluate the impact of water flow fluctuation on photovoltaic modules. Light will affect the efficiency of photovoltaic module power generation. The illumination time affects the overall power generation of the photovoltaic array. According to the first illumination data, the power generation impact analysis of photovoltaic modules is carried out to evaluate the impact of illumination on photovoltaic modules. Water flow and illumination jointly affect the production of algae in the water and the evaporation of water. After the photovoltaic panels are blocked, evaporation and algae can be reduced, and water resources can be protected. Combined with the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a water resource protection impact analysis is carried out to evaluate the potential impact of the layout of photovoltaic modules on the water environment. According to the above analysis, a series of evaluation indicators are determined, such as stability, power generation efficiency, environmental impact, etc., and weights are assigned to each evaluation indicator. After weighted summation, the first layout fitness of the first water area grid is obtained.

[0029] Furthermore, the stability impact and cooling impact analysis of the photovoltaic module are performed based on the first water flow fluctuation data, and the power generation impact analysis of the photovoltaic module is performed using the first illumination data, including:

[0030] According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, a sample water flow fluctuation data set, a sample stability parameter set and a sample cooling parameter set are collected; the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample stability parameter set and the sample cooling parameter set are used to train the water flow impact analysis path; the sample illumination data set and the sample power generation parameter set are collected to train the power generation impact analysis path; the water flow impact analysis path and the power generation impact analysis path are used to analyze the stability impact, cooling impact and power generation impact of the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtain the first stability parameter, the first cooling parameter and the first power generation parameter.

[0031] Preferably, from the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, water flow fluctuation data of the arrangement area are collected to form a sample water flow fluctuation data set; photovoltaic array stability parameters corresponding to each sample water flow fluctuation data, such as damage and displacement of fixed structures, are collected to form a sample stability parameter set; cooling effect data of photovoltaic components under different water flow fluctuation conditions, such as component temperature, heat dissipation efficiency, etc., are collected to form a sample cooling parameter set; illumination data related to the power generation performance of photovoltaic arrays, such as illumination intensity, illumination duration, etc., are collected to form a sample illumination data set; photovoltaic array power generation parameters corresponding to each sample illumination data, such as power generation, power generation efficiency, etc., are collected to form a sample power generation parameter set. Using a machine learning model, based on the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample stability parameter set and the sample cooling parameter set, a model that can predict the influence of water flow fluctuation on the stability and cooling effect of photovoltaic arrays, namely, a water flow influence analysis path, is trained; similarly, using a machine learning model, based on the sample illumination data set and the sample power generation parameter set, a model that can predict the influence of illumination conditions on the power generation performance of photovoltaic arrays, namely, a power generation influence analysis path, is trained. The first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are respectively input into the water flow impact analysis path and the power generation impact analysis path. The water flow impact analysis path will predict the stability parameter of the photovoltaic array based on the first water flow fluctuation data, i.e., the first stability parameter. The water flow impact analysis path will predict the cooling effect parameter of the photovoltaic array based on the first water flow fluctuation data, i.e., the first cooling parameter. The power generation impact analysis path will predict the power generation performance parameter of the photovoltaic array based on the first illumination data, i.e., the first power generation parameter.

[0032] Furthermore, combining the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data to perform water resource protection impact analysis and calculating a first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid includes:

[0033] According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, and according to the reduction of water evaporation and algae growth in water areas with different sample water flow fluctuation data and sample illumination data after the photovoltaic modules are arranged, a sample protection parameter set is obtained; the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample illumination data set and the sample protection parameter set are used to train the protection impact analysis path, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are analyzed for water resource protection impact to obtain the first protection parameter; a water area arrangement function for evaluating and optimizing the water area grid is constructed, as shown in the following formula: ; Among them, WSF is the layout fitness, , , and is the weight, is the stability parameter, To preset stability parameters, is the cooling parameter, To preset cooling parameters, is the power generation parameter, To preset power generation parameters, To protect the parameters, is a preset protection parameter; and according to the water area layout function, a first layout fitness of the first water area grid is calculated and obtained.

[0034] Preferably, based on the historical data of the layout of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, water flow fluctuation data, illumination data, and the reduction in water evaporation and algae growth after the layout of photovoltaic modules in different sample waters are collected. Using these data, a sample protection parameter set is extracted. These parameters reflect the contribution of the photovoltaic module layout to the ecological protection of the water area. Using a machine learning model, a model that predicts the impact of photovoltaic module layout on water resource protection based on water flow fluctuation data and illumination data is trained based on the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample illumination data set, and the sample protection parameter set, i.e., a protection impact analysis path. The first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are input into the protection impact analysis path. The protection impact analysis path will perform a water resource protection impact analysis and output a first protection parameter, i.e., the predicted degree of impact of photovoltaic module layout on water resource protection. A water area layout function is constructed to evaluate and optimize water area grids. The water area layout function is used to evaluate the layout fitness of photovoltaic modules on different water area grids, where WSF is the layout fitness, , , and is the weight, is the stability parameter, To preset stability parameters, is the cooling parameter, To preset cooling parameters, is the power generation parameter, To preset power generation parameters, To protect the parameters, The relevant parameter values ​​of the first water area grid are substituted into the water area layout function to calculate the first layout fitness, which reflects the comprehensive effect of arranging photovoltaic modules on the first water area grid, including stability, cooling effect, power generation capacity and ability to protect water resources.

[0035] Based on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a decision is made to obtain the search step for the next water area grid search, a search is performed in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, and a second layout fitness is analyzed and obtained. Based on the second layout fitness and the first layout fitness, the search direction is adjusted, and the search optimization is continued for the multiple water area grids until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution.

[0036] According to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, the search step length for the next water area grid search is determined. The search step length can be dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of the data (such as water flow fluctuation intensity, illumination intensity distribution, etc.). For example, in areas with weak water flow fluctuation and good illumination conditions, a larger search step length can be considered; otherwise, the search step length is reduced. By searching all water area grids, it is considered that the water flow fluctuation and illumination of similar water areas are similar, so the other grids within the search step length are directly marked with the first layout fitness, and then the search is performed according to the step length. Starting from the current water area grid (first water area grid), a new water area grid (second water area grid) is obtained, and the water flow fluctuation data and illumination data in the second water area grid are collected, and the second layout fitness of the second water area grid is calculated using the water area layout function. According to the comparison between the second layout fitness and the first layout fitness, it is decided whether to adjust the search direction. If the second layout fitness is greater than the first layout fitness, it means that the current search direction is favorable and this search direction can be continued. If the second layout fitness is less than the first layout fitness, the search direction needs to be changed. Continuously search and optimize among multiple water grids, and adjust the direction of each search based on the previous search results to improve the search efficiency and accuracy. When all preset water grids have been searched, the search ends and multiple water grids with the largest fitness are selected as the optimized water grid distribution suitable for arranging photovoltaic modules.

[0037] Further, according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a search step length for performing a next water area grid search is determined, and the search is performed in a random direction, including:

[0038] Collect characteristic information of the water area, and obtain the same group of water areas through indexing; collect sample water flow fluctuation data set, sample illumination data set and sample search step set according to the distribution area of ​​the water surface of different water flow fluctuation data and illumination data in the same group of water areas; construct a search step decision path based on a decision tree by using the sample water flow fluctuation data set, sample illumination data set and sample search step set, make a decision on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtain the search step; obtain a random search direction, and mark the water area grid within the search step in the random search direction with the first layout fitness; search according to the random search direction and the search step to obtain a second water area grid, and perform analysis and processing to obtain a second layout fitness.

[0039] Preferably, characteristic information of water areas is collected, such as geographical location, water flow characteristics, lighting conditions, etc., and based on these characteristic information, the water areas of the same family, i.e., other water areas with similar characteristics, are indexed. In the water areas of the same family, according to the water surface distribution area of ​​different water flow fluctuation data and lighting data, multiple sample data including a sample water flow fluctuation data set, a sample lighting data set, and a corresponding sample search step set are collected. Using the collected sample data set (sample water flow fluctuation data, sample lighting data, and sample search step), a search step decision path is constructed based on a decision tree algorithm. The decision tree generates a tree structure by learning the relationship between the characteristics and results in the sample data, which is used to predict the appropriate search step according to the water flow fluctuation data and the lighting data. The first water flow fluctuation data and the first lighting data are input into the constructed search step decision path, and the search step decision path will predict the appropriate search step according to these data. A search direction is randomly selected, and all water grids within the search step in the random search direction are marked with the first arrangement fitness. The search is performed according to the selected search direction and search step. During the search process, when a new water area grid is encountered, it is marked as a second water area grid, the water flow fluctuation data and light data in the second water area grid are collected, and the second layout fitness of the second water area grid is calculated using the water area layout function.

[0040] Further, adjusting the search direction according to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness includes:

[0041] Determine whether the second layout fitness is greater than the first layout fitness. If so, do not adjust the search direction; if not, add the search direction to the disabled list and randomly generate a new search direction, wherein the search direction added to the disabled list will not be used within the disabled number of times and will be deleted from the disabled list after the disabled number of times; perform search optimization according to the new search direction until all water grids are searched; output multiple optimized water grids with the largest layout fitness, combine the grid coordinates of multiple optimized water grids, and generate an optimized water grid distribution.

[0042] Preferably, the first arrangement fitness and the second arrangement fitness are compared to determine whether the second arrangement fitness is greater than the first arrangement fitness. If the second arrangement fitness is greater than the first arrangement fitness, it means that the current search direction is valid, so the search direction is not adjusted, and the current search direction is continued to be used for searching. If the second arrangement fitness is less than the first arrangement fitness, it means that the current search direction may not be optimal, and the current search direction is added to the deactivation table. Within the deactivation number, this search direction is no longer used for searching. If the current search direction is deactivated, a new search direction needs to be randomly generated again. Ensure that the new search direction is different from the search direction in the deactivation table. According to the new search direction, the search optimization process is continued, including selecting a new water area grid according to the current search direction and the search step length, calculating its arrangement fitness, and updating the optimal solution according to the fitness. Repeat the above process until all water area grids are searched. After the search process is completed, multiple optimized water area grids with the largest arrangement fitness are output, and the grid coordinates of multiple optimized water area grids are combined to generate an optimized water area grid distribution. Through this method, it can be ensured that the search direction is dynamically adjusted during the search process to avoid falling into a local optimal solution, thereby finding a better water area grid distribution. At the same time, by using the deactivation table, unnecessary search direction attempts can be reduced and search efficiency can be improved.

[0043] According to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout optimization of the photovoltaic array layout is carried out to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, and the floating photovoltaic array layout on water is carried out.

[0044] The layout of the photovoltaic array is a whole. Based on the optimized water grid distribution, the overall layout is randomly performed in the water area, and the coverage of the layout results in the optimized water grid distribution is obtained. The layout scheme that covers the most optimized water grid distribution is selected as the optimal layout optimization result. According to the optimal layout optimization result, the floating photovoltaic array on the water is arranged. Through the above process, the stability, power generation efficiency and performance of the floating photovoltaic array on the water can be improved, and water resources can be protected.

[0045] Furthermore, according to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout optimization of the photovoltaic array arrangement is performed to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, including:

[0046] The arrangement specifications of the floating photovoltaic array are obtained, and a random overall arrangement is performed in the water area to obtain a first overall arrangement result; based on the optimized water area grid distribution, multiple arrangement fitness of multiple optimized water area grids covered by the first overall arrangement result are obtained, and a first overall fitness is calculated; a random overall arrangement is performed in the water area again according to the arrangement specifications to obtain a second overall arrangement result, and a second overall fitness is obtained; the overall arrangement optimization is continued until convergence, and the overall arrangement result with the largest overall fitness is output to obtain the optimal arrangement optimization result.

[0047] Preferably, the layout specifications of the floating photovoltaic array are obtained, including the number, size, type, arrangement of photovoltaic modules, and design requirements of the anchoring system, etc., and random overall layout is performed in the water area according to the obtained layout specifications to ensure that the coverage and arrangement of the photovoltaic array meet the specification requirements, and the result of this random layout is recorded as the first overall layout result; based on the optimized water area grid distribution, multiple optimized water area grids covered by the first overall layout result are found, and the layout fitness corresponding to the multiple optimized water area grids covered is added to obtain the first overall fitness. According to the same layout specifications, another random overall layout is performed in the water area again as the first overall layout result, and the second overall fitness is calculated. Repeat the above process, continue to perform random overall layout and evaluation, record each layout result and overall fitness, and as the number of iterations increases, the overall fitness will gradually increase and tend to converge. Set a convergence condition, such as the change in overall fitness in multiple consecutive iterations is less than a certain threshold, or reaches a preset maximum number of iterations. When the convergence condition is met, stop the iteration, and output the overall layout result with the largest overall fitness as the optimal layout optimization result. According to the optimal layout optimization results, the photovoltaic array layout work is implemented in the water area. Through multiple iterations and evaluations, the optimal photovoltaic array layout plan can be found in the water area to improve power generation efficiency and stability.

[0048] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0049] First, the water area to be arranged with floating photovoltaic arrays is divided into multiple water area grids. Then, a random search is performed in the multiple water area grids to obtain the first water area grid, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data in the first water area grid are collected. Then, according to the first water flow fluctuation data, the stability impact and cooling impact of the photovoltaic module are analyzed, the first illumination data is used to analyze the power generation impact of the photovoltaic module, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are combined to analyze the water resource protection impact, and the first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid is calculated. Further, according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a decision is made to obtain the search step length for the next water area grid search, and a search is performed in a random direction to obtain the second water area grid, and the second arrangement fitness is obtained by analysis, and the search direction is adjusted according to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, and the search optimization of multiple water area grids is continued until all searches are completed to obtain the optimized water area grid distribution. Finally, according to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout optimization of the photovoltaic array layout is performed to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, and the floating photovoltaic array layout is performed on the water. The present invention solves the technical problem that the prior art fails to comprehensively consider the influence of various factors on the photovoltaic array layout, resulting in poor overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array. By searching for a suitable layout area, the technical effect of improving the overall layout effect of the photovoltaic array is achieved.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned method for optimizing the arrangement of a floating photovoltaic array, Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a floating photovoltaic array layout optimization system, and the system and method embodiments in the present application embodiments are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes:

[0052] A water area division module 11, the water area division module 11 is used to divide the water area where the floating photovoltaic array is to be arranged into a plurality of water area grids; a random search module 12, the random search module 12 is used to perform a random search in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and collect first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid; an analysis module 13, the analysis module 13 is used to perform stability impact and cooling impact analysis of the photovoltaic module according to the first water flow fluctuation data, use the first illumination data to perform power generation impact analysis of the photovoltaic module, and combine the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data to perform water resource protection impact analysis, and calculate the first water area grid. A first arrangement fitness; a search optimization module 14, wherein the search optimization module 14 is used to decide on a search step for the next water area grid search based on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, search in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, analyze and obtain a second arrangement fitness, and adjust the search direction based on the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, and continue to search and optimize the multiple water area grids until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution; an arrangement optimization module 15, wherein the arrangement optimization module 15 is used to perform overall arrangement optimization of the photovoltaic array arrangement based on the optimized water area grid distribution, obtain an optimal arrangement optimization result, and perform a floating photovoltaic array arrangement on water.

[0053] Furthermore, the random search module 12 is used to perform the following method:

[0054] A random search is performed within the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid; the frequency and amplitude of water flow fluctuations within the first water area grid are collected to obtain first water flow fluctuation data; and the intensity and time of light within the first water area grid are collected to obtain first light data.

[0055] Furthermore, the analysis module 13 is used to perform the following method:

[0056] According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, a sample water flow fluctuation data set, a sample stability parameter set and a sample cooling parameter set are collected; the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample stability parameter set and the sample cooling parameter set are used to train the water flow impact analysis path; the sample illumination data set and the sample power generation parameter set are collected to train the power generation impact analysis path; the water flow impact analysis path and the power generation impact analysis path are used to analyze the stability impact, cooling impact and power generation impact of the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtain the first stability parameter, the first cooling parameter and the first power generation parameter.

[0057] Furthermore, the analysis module 13 is used to perform the following method:

[0058] According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, and according to the reduction of water evaporation and algae growth in water areas with different sample water flow fluctuation data and sample illumination data after the photovoltaic modules are arranged, a sample protection parameter set is obtained; the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample illumination data set and the sample protection parameter set are used to train the protection impact analysis path, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are analyzed for water resource protection impact to obtain the first protection parameter; a water area arrangement function for evaluating and optimizing the water area grid is constructed, as shown in the following formula: ; Among them, WSF is the layout fitness, , , and is the weight, is the stability parameter, To preset stability parameters, is the cooling parameter, To preset cooling parameters, is the power generation parameter, To preset power generation parameters, To protect the parameters, is a preset protection parameter; and according to the water area layout function, a first layout fitness of the first water area grid is calculated and obtained.

[0059] Furthermore, the search optimization module 14 is used to perform the following method:

[0060] Collect characteristic information of the water area, and obtain the same group of water areas through indexing; collect sample water flow fluctuation data set, sample illumination data set and sample search step set according to the distribution area of ​​the water surface of different water flow fluctuation data and illumination data in the same group of water areas; construct a search step decision path based on a decision tree by using the sample water flow fluctuation data set, sample illumination data set and sample search step set, make a decision on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtain the search step; obtain a random search direction, and mark the water area grid within the search step in the random search direction with the first layout fitness; search according to the random search direction and the search step to obtain a second water area grid, and perform analysis and processing to obtain a second layout fitness.

[0061] Furthermore, the search optimization module 14 is used to perform the following method:

[0062] Determine whether the second layout fitness is greater than the first layout fitness. If so, do not adjust the search direction; if not, add the search direction to the disabled list and randomly generate a new search direction, wherein the search direction added to the disabled list will not be used within the disabled number of times and will be deleted from the disabled list after the disabled number of times; perform search optimization according to the new search direction until all water grids are searched; output multiple optimized water grids with the largest layout fitness, combine the grid coordinates of multiple optimized water grids, and generate an optimized water grid distribution.

[0063] Furthermore, the layout optimization module 15 is used to perform the following method:

[0064] The arrangement specifications of the floating photovoltaic array are obtained, and a random overall arrangement is performed in the water area to obtain a first overall arrangement result; based on the optimized water area grid distribution, multiple arrangement fitness of multiple optimized water area grids covered by the first overall arrangement result are obtained, and a first overall fitness is calculated; a random overall arrangement is performed in the water area again according to the arrangement specifications to obtain a second overall arrangement result, and a second overall fitness is obtained; the overall arrangement optimization is continued until convergence, and the overall arrangement result with the largest overall fitness is output to obtain the optimal arrangement optimization result.

[0065] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. And the above-mentioned specific embodiments of this specification are described. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0067] This specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the present application and its equivalents, the present application intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array, characterized in that: The method comprises: Divide the water area where the floating photovoltaic array is to be deployed into a plurality of water area grids; Performing a random search in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and collecting first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid; According to the first water flow fluctuation data, stability impact and cooling impact analysis of the photovoltaic module are performed, the first illumination data is used to perform power generation impact analysis of the photovoltaic module, and the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data are combined to perform water resource protection impact analysis, and the first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid is calculated; According to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a decision is made to obtain a search step for the next water area grid search, a search is performed in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, and a second layout fitness is analyzed and obtained, and according to the second layout fitness and the first layout fitness, the search direction is adjusted, and the search optimization is continued for the multiple water area grids until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution; According to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout of the photovoltaic array is optimized to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, and the floating photovoltaic array is arranged on water; The method further comprises: performing stability impact and cooling impact analysis on the photovoltaic module according to the first water flow fluctuation data, and performing power generation impact analysis on the photovoltaic module using the first illumination data, including: According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, a sample water flow fluctuation data set, a sample stability parameter set and a sample cooling parameter set are collected; Using the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample stability parameter set, and the sample cooling parameter set, training a water flow impact analysis path; Collect sample illumination data sets and sample power generation parameter sets, and train power generation impact analysis paths; Using the water flow impact analysis path and the power generation impact analysis path, analyze the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data for stability impact, cooling impact and power generation impact, and obtain a first stability parameter, a first cooling parameter and a first power generation parameter; Performing a water resource protection impact analysis in combination with the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and calculating and obtaining a first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid, including: According to the historical data of the arrangement of floating photovoltaic arrays on water, and according to the reduction of water evaporation and algae growth after the arrangement of photovoltaic modules in water areas with different sample water flow fluctuation data and sample illumination data, a sample protection parameter set is obtained; Using the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample illumination data set and the sample protection parameter set, training a protection impact analysis path, performing water resource protection impact analysis on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtaining a first protection parameter; Construct a water area layout function to evaluate and optimize the water area grid, as follows: ； Among them, WSF is the layout fitness, , , and is the weight, is the stability parameter, To preset stability parameters, is the cooling parameter, To preset cooling parameters, is the power generation parameter, To preset power generation parameters, To protect the parameters, To preset protection parameters; According to the water area layout function, calculating and obtaining a first layout fitness of the first water area grid; According to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, a search step length for performing a next water area grid search is determined, and a search is performed in a random direction, including: Collect characteristic information of the water area, and obtain the same family of water areas through indexing, and collect sample water flow fluctuation data sets, sample illumination data sets and sample search step length sets according to the distribution area of ​​the water surface of different water flow fluctuation data and illumination data in the same family of water areas; Using the sample water flow fluctuation data set, the sample illumination data set and the sample search step length set, based on a decision tree, constructing a search step length decision path, making a decision on the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and obtaining a search step length; Obtain a random search direction, and mark the water area grids within the search step in the random search direction using the first arrangement fitness; Searching according to the random search direction and the search step length to obtain a second water area grid, and analyzing and processing to obtain a second layout fitness; According to the second arrangement fitness and the first arrangement fitness, the search direction is adjusted, including: determining whether the second arrangement fitness is greater than the first arrangement fitness, and if so, not adjusting the search direction; If not, the search direction is added to the disabled list, and a new search direction is randomly generated, wherein the search direction added to the disabled list is not used within the disabled number of times, and is deleted from the disabled list after the disabled number of times; Optimize the search according to the new search direction until all water grids are searched; Output multiple optimized water area grids with the largest layout fitness, combine the grid coordinates of multiple optimized water area grids, and generate optimized water area grid distribution; According to the optimized water area grid distribution, the overall layout optimization of the photovoltaic array arrangement is performed to obtain the optimal layout optimization result, including: Obtaining the layout specifications of the floating photovoltaic array, and performing random overall layout in the water area to obtain a first overall layout result; Based on the optimized water area grid distribution, multiple arrangement fitness of multiple optimized water area grids covered by the first overall arrangement result are obtained, and a first overall fitness is calculated; Re-arranging the entire system randomly in the water area according to the arrangement specification to obtain a second overall arrangement result and a second overall fitness; Continue to optimize the overall layout until convergence, output the overall layout result with the largest overall fitness, and obtain the optimal layout optimization result.

2. The method for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array according to claim 1, characterized in that: Performing a random search in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid, and collecting first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid, including: Performing a random search in the plurality of water area grids to obtain a first water area grid; Collecting the frequency and amplitude of water flow fluctuations in the first water area grid to obtain first water flow fluctuation data; The intensity and time of light in the first water area grid are collected to obtain first light data.

3. A floating photovoltaic array layout optimization system, characterized in that: A method for optimizing the layout of a floating photovoltaic array on water according to any one of claims 1 to 2, the system comprising: A water area division module, the water area division module is used to divide the water area where the floating photovoltaic array is to be deployed into a plurality of water area grids; A random search module, the random search module is used to perform a random search in the plurality of water area grids, obtain a first water area grid, and collect first water flow fluctuation data and first illumination data in the first water area grid; An analysis module, the analysis module is used to perform stability impact and cooling impact analysis on the photovoltaic module according to the first water flow fluctuation data, perform power generation impact analysis on the photovoltaic module using the first illumination data, and perform water resource protection impact analysis in combination with the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, and calculate and obtain a first arrangement fitness of the first water area grid; A search optimization module, wherein the search optimization module is used to determine a search step length for searching the next water area grid according to the first water flow fluctuation data and the first illumination data, search in a random direction to obtain a second water area grid, analyze and obtain a second layout fitness, and adjust the search direction according to the second layout fitness and the first layout fitness, and continue to search and optimize the multiple water area grids until all searches are completed to obtain an optimized water area grid distribution; The layout optimization module is used to optimize the overall layout of the photovoltaic array according to the optimized water area grid distribution, obtain the optimal layout optimization result, and arrange the floating photovoltaic array on water.

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