Method for processing aluminum electrolysis waste

Abstract

The application relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis waste, in particular to an aluminum electrolysis waste processing method, which comprises a fixing table, a placing box, a fixing device and a cleaning device. The fixing table is provided with the placing box at the top. The top of the fixing table is provided with the fixing device above the placing box. The fixing device is provided with the cleaning device. The application first partitions and places the waste cathode carbon blocks to be treated, avoids the accumulation of the waste cathode carbon blocks to be treated, and further improves the alkali leaching treatment effect of the waste cathode carbon blocks. The fixing device and the cleaning device are matched, the hollow placing frame is driven to rotate by the circular cylinder, the waste cathode carbon blocks in the hollow placing frame are fully moved during the rotation, the alkali leaching effect is further improved, the alkali leaching liquid can be stirred and moved when the hollow placing frame is driven to rotate by the circular cylinder, and the waste cathode carbon blocks can be better separated to remove the harmful substances on the waste cathode carbon blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis waste, and in particular to a method for processing aluminum electrolysis waste. Background Art

[0002] Industrial aluminum electrolysis is carried out in an aluminum electrolysis cell, using alumina as raw material and cryolite-alumina molten salt as the aluminum electrolyte. When direct current is passed into the aluminum electrolysis cell containing cryolite-alumina melt, the anodic process of aluminum electrolysis occurs on the carbon anode, producing carbon dioxide gas, and the cathodic process of aluminum electrolysis occurs on the carbon cathode, precipitating aluminum. This method is called cryolite-alumina electrolysis. The waste slag generated by the maintenance and disposal of the electrolysis cell during the aluminum electrolysis process is converted into spent cathode carbon blocks. Harmful substances will remain on the surface of the spent cathode carbon blocks, so alkaline leaching solution is needed to treat the harmful substances on their surface.

[0003] In the process of processing waste cathode carbon blocks, the following problems still exist:

[0004] 1. Before processing the spent cathode carbon blocks, the traditional method is to directly place the spent cathode carbon blocks to be processed in a cylinder. At this time, the spent cathode carbon blocks to be processed will pile up together, thereby affecting the alkaline leaching treatment effect of the spent cathode carbon blocks.

[0005] 2. In the process of processing the waste cathode carbon blocks, the cylinder containing the waste cathode carbon blocks is generally placed directly into the alkaline leaching solution for immersion. During the immersion process, the alkaline leaching solution is always in a static state, thereby reducing the effect of alkaline leaching of the waste cathode carbon blocks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for processing aluminum electrolysis waste.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solution: a method for processing aluminum electrolytic waste, wherein the processing of aluminum electrolytic waste specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Obtaining waste materials: obtaining waste cathode carbon blocks from waste residues generated during the maintenance and disposal of electrolytic cells during aluminum electrolysis;

[0009] S2. Placing waste: placing the waste cathode carbon blocks obtained in step S1 on a cleaning device;

[0010] S3, waste treatment: finally, the cleaning device for placing the spent cathode carbon blocks in step S2 is moved into the storage box, and the spent cathode carbon blocks are subjected to alkaline leaching treatment;

[0011] The aluminum electrolysis waste processing method using the above steps S1 - S3 specifically involves an aluminum electrolysis waste processing device during the processing of aluminum electrolysis waste, including a fixed platform, a placement box, a fixing device, and a cleaning device. A placement box is provided on the top of the fixed platform, and a fixing device is provided directly above the placement box on the top of the fixed platform. A cleaning device is provided on the fixing device;

[0012] The fixing device includes a threaded rod, a fixing rod, a horizontal plate, a first chain, a forward and reverse motor, a moving plate, and an adjusting component. Two threaded rods and two fixing rods distributed in a matrix are rotatably provided on the top of the workbench, and the two threaded rods and the two fixing rods are placed diagonally between them. A horizontal plate is jointly provided on the threaded rod and the fixing rod. The threaded rod and the horizontal plate are connected by threads, and the fixing rod and the horizontal plate are connected by sliding. A moving sprocket wheel is fixedly installed above the horizontal plate between the two threaded rods, and the moving sprocket wheels are传动连接 by a first chain. The top of the fixed platform is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods through a forward and reverse motor. A sliding groove is opened at the bottom of the horizontal plate, and a moving plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove through a translation electric slider. An adjusting component is provided at the bottom of the moving plate.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cleaning device includes a C-shaped plate, a rotating rod, a circular cover plate, a rotating shaft, a circular cylinder, a hollow placement frame, a fixing component, a moving component, and a driving component. A C-shaped plate with an opening downward is fixedly installed below the adjusting component. A rotating rod is provided between the two vertical sections of the C-shaped plate. Rotating shafts are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the rotating rod through circular cover plates, and the rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the vertical sections of the C-shaped plate. A circular cylinder is sleeved on the rotating rod. Fan-shaped hollow placement frames are fixedly installed on the side wall of the circular cylinder along the circumference at equal intervals. Circular through holes are evenly opened on the side wall of the hollow placement frame. Fixing components are symmetrically provided at the left and right ends of the rotating rod. Limiting holes are symmetrically opened at the left and right ends of the rotating rod, and moving components are provided in the limiting holes. A driving component is also provided at a position close to the right side of the C-shaped plate.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the adjusting component includes a mounting plate, a rotating rod, a swinging plate, a transmission gear, and a rack plate. A mounting plate in a C-shaped structure with an opening downward is fixedly installed at the bottom of the moving plate. A rotating rod is rotatably provided between the front and rear vertical sections of the mounting plate. A swinging plate is fixedly installed on the rotating rod. The bottom of the swinging plate is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning device. The rear end of the rotating rod passes through the mounting plate and is fixedly installed with a transmission gear. A moving groove is opened in the vertical section at the rear side of the mounting plate, and a rack plate is slidably connected in the moving groove through a moving electric slider. The rack plate and the transmission gear are engaged for transmission.

[0015] It should be noted that in the translation of the content in , the phrase "传动连接" is not accurately translated as there is no clear and common English expression for it in this context. It might be a misspelling or an unclear term in the original Chinese. It is recommended to check and correct the original text for a more accurate translation. Here, it is tentatively translated as "传动连接" which is a literal translation and may not be the most appropriate English term.As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fixing component includes a limiting plate, an annular plate and a sector baffle. Limiting plates are fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the rotating rod and on the side far from the hollow placement frame. An annular plate that contacts the limiting plate is rotatably provided at one end of the rotating rod close to the hollow placement frame. Limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper and lower parts of the inner ring surface of the annular plate. Sector baffles corresponding to the hollow placement frame are fixedly installed on the outer ring surface of the annular plate along the circumference.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the moving component includes an electric telescopic rod, a frustum block, a clamping rod, a pressing plate and a return spring. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the limiting hole. A frustum block is fixedly installed at one end of the electric telescopic rod close to the vertical section of the C-shaped plate. The small-diameter end of the frustum block is far from the electric telescopic rod. Clamping rods that cooperate with the limiting grooves are symmetrically slidably provided on the side wall of the rotating rod. A pressing plate with an arc-shaped structure at both left and right ends is fixedly installed at one end of the clamping rod located in the limiting hole. The pressing plate and the side wall of the limiting hole are connected by a return spring.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving component includes a driving motor, a first bevel gear, a moving rod, a second bevel gear and a second chain. A driving motor is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal section on the right side of the C-shaped plate. A first bevel gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor. A moving rod is rotatably provided on the vertical section on the right side of the C-shaped plate. A second bevel gear is fixedly installed on the moving rod. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed for transmission. The right side of the rotating shaft passes through the vertical section of the C-shaped plate and extends outward. Fixed sprockets are fixedly installed on the rotating rod and the moving rod. The two fixed sprockets are传动连接 by a second chain.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a spline groove is formed on the outer arc surface of one of the sector baffles, and an adjusting rod with a spline shape at one end is detachably arranged in the spline groove.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a material receiving box is arranged on the top of the fixed table and on the right side of the placement box.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. For a method for processing and treating aluminum electrolysis waste provided by the present invention, when processing waste cathode carbon blocks, the waste cathode carbon blocks to be processed are first placed and soaked in partitions, avoiding the accumulation of the waste cathode carbon blocks to be processed, which in turn affects the alkali leaching treatment effect of the waste cathode carbon blocks.

[0022] 2. The present invention cooperates with the fixing device and the cleaning device to enable the circular cylinder to drive the hollow placement frame to rotate. During the rotation, the waste cathode carbon blocks in the hollow placement frame will move fully, thereby further improving the effect of alkali leaching. At the same time, the multiple hollow placement frames are arranged in a windmill structure. When the circular cylinder drives the hollow placement frame to rotate, the alkali leaching liquid can be stirred to move, and the harmful substances on the waste cathode carbon blocks can be better rotated and separated, thereby improving the effect of alkali leaching of the waste cathode carbon blocks.

[0023] 3. The present invention greatly facilitates the rapid loading and unloading of waste cathode carbon blocks by coordinating the fixed components and the movable components, thereby improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] 4. The present invention can collect the waste cathode carbon blocks after treatment by providing a material holding box, thereby preventing the waste cathode carbon blocks after treatment from being scattered everywhere and causing a certain impact on the working environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This invention Figure 3 A local enlarged view in the M direction.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This invention Figure 6 N-axis local enlarged view.

[0033] Figure 8 This invention Figure 6 X-axis local enlarged view.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cleaning device of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Fixed platform; 11. Material storage box; 2. Placement box; 3. Fixing device; 31. Threaded rod; 32. Fixed rod; 33. Horizontal plate; 34. First chain; 35. Forward and reverse motor; 36. Moving plate; 37. Adjusting component; 371. Mounting plate; 372. Rotating rod; 373. Oscillating plate; 374. Driving gear; 375. Rack plate; 4. Cleaning device; 41. C-shaped plate; 42. Rotating rod; 43. Circular cover plate; 44. Rotating shaft; 45. Circular cylinder; 46. Hollow placement frame; 47. Fixing component; 471. Limiting plate; 472. Annular plate; 473. Sector baffle; 474. Adjusting rod; 48. Moving component; 481. Electric telescopic rod; 482. Frustum block; 483. Clamping rod; 484. Extrusion plate; 485. Return spring; 49. Driving component; 491. Driving motor; 492. First bevel gear; 493. Moving rod; 494. Second bevel gear; 495. Second chain. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated.

[0038] A method for processing aluminum electrolysis waste, the processing of aluminum electrolysis waste specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Obtain waste: The waste cathode carbon block is obtained from the waste residue generated during the maintenance and abandonment of the electrolytic cell in the aluminum electrolysis process.

[0040] S2. Place the waste: Place the waste cathode carbon block obtained in step S1 on the cleaning device 4.

[0041] S3. Waste treatment: Finally, move the cleaning device 4 with the waste cathode carbon block placed in step S2 into the placement box 2, and perform alkali leaching treatment on the waste cathode carbon block.

[0042] Refer to Figure 2 , in the process of processing aluminum electrolysis waste using the aluminum electrolysis waste processing method of the above steps S1-S3, it also specifically involves an aluminum electrolysis waste processing device, including a fixed platform 1, a placement box 2, a fixing device 3 and a cleaning device 4. A placement box 2 is provided on the top of the fixed platform 1, a fixing device 3 is provided above the placement box 2 on the top of the fixed platform 1, and a cleaning device 4 is provided on the fixing device 3;

[0043] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The fixing device 3 includes a threaded rod 31, a fixed rod 32, a horizontal plate 33, a No. 1 chain 34, a forward and reverse motor 35, a movable plate 36 and an adjustment assembly 37. The top of the workbench is rotatably provided with two threaded rods 31 and two fixed rods 32 distributed in a matrix, and the two threaded rods 31 and the two fixed rods 32 are placed diagonally. The threaded rods 31 and the fixed rods 32 are jointly provided with a horizontal plate 33, and the threaded rods 31 and the horizontal plate 33 are connected by threads, and the fixed rods 32 and the horizontal plate 33 are connected by sliding. A movable sprocket is fixedly installed between the two threaded rods 31 and above the horizontal plate 33, and the movable sprockets are connected by a No. 1 chain 34 for transmission. The top of the fixed platform 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods 31 by the forward and reverse motor 35, and a sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the horizontal plate 33. The movable plate 36 is slidably connected in the sliding groove by a translational electric slider, and an adjustment assembly 37 is provided at the bottom of the movable plate 36.

[0044] See Figure 2 A material holding box 11 is provided on the top of the fixed platform 1 and on the right side of the placement box 2;

[0045] In the original state, first put the alkaline leaching solution for processing the waste cathode carbon blocks into the placement box 2, and move the electric slider to drive the movable plate 36 to the leftmost side of the sliding groove, so that the adjustment component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to be located on the left side. After being located on the left side, the cleaning device 4 is driven by the adjustment component 37 to tilt downward from left to right at a certain angle, so as to facilitate the rapid loading of the waste cathode carbon blocks that need to be processed. When the loading is completed, the adjustment component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to return to its original position, and now the electric slider drives the movable plate 36 to the center position of the sliding groove, so that the cleaning device 4 for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks is located directly above the placement box 2, and then the forward and reverse motors 35 are started to rotate forward, and the forward and reverse motors 35 drive one of the threaded rods 31 to rotate. At this time, under the limit of the fixed rod 32, the horizontal plate 33 is moved downward, and the horizontal plate 33 enables the adjustment component 37 to drive the cleaning device 4 for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks to move into the placement box 2 (such as Figure 9As shown in the figure, the waste cathode carbon blocks are processed by the alkali leaching solution in the placement tank 2. After the processing is completed, the positive and reverse motor 35 rotates in reverse. The horizontal plate 33 causes the adjustment component 37 to drive the cleaning device 4 for the processed waste cathode carbon blocks to return to the original position. Finally, the translation electric slider drives the moving plate 36 to move to the rightmost side of the sliding groove, so that the adjustment component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 for the processed waste cathode carbon blocks to be directly above the material storage box 11. At this time, the adjustment component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to tilt downward at a certain angle from left to right, facilitating the rapid feeding of the processed waste cathode carbon blocks, and the waste cathode carbon blocks are fed into the material storage box 11. The provided material storage box 11 can collect the processed waste cathode carbon blocks, preventing the processed waste cathode carbon blocks from scattering everywhere and thus having a certain impact on the working environment.

[0046] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIGS. and, the adjustment component 37 includes a mounting plate 371, a rotating rod 372, a swing plate 373, a transmission gear 374 and a rack plate 375. A mounting plate 371 with a downward-opening U-shaped structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the moving plate 36. A rotating rod 372 is rotatably arranged between the front and rear vertical sections of the mounting plate 371. A swing plate 373 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 372. The bottom of the swing plate 373 is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning device 4. The rear end of the rotating rod 372 passes through the mounting plate 371 and is fixedly installed with a transmission gear 374. A moving groove is opened on the vertical section at the rear side of the mounting plate 371. A rack plate 375 is slidably connected in the moving groove through a moving electric slider. The rack plate 375 and the transmission gear 374 are meshed for transmission;

[0047] When it is necessary to load or unload the waste cathode carbon blocks, the moving electric slider can be started. The moving electric slider drives the rack plate 375 to move in the moving groove. The rack plate 375 causes the transmission gear 374 to drive the rotating rod 372 to rotate at a certain angle. The rotating rod 372 causes the swing plate 373 to drive the cleaning device 4 to tilt downward at a certain angle from left to right, facilitating the loading and unloading of the waste cathode carbon blocks and thus improving the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0048] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9, the cleaning device 4 includes a U-shaped plate 41, a rotating rod 42, a circular cover plate 43, a rotating shaft 44, a circular cylinder 45, a hollow placement frame 46, a fixing component 47, a moving component 48 and a driving component 49. A U-shaped plate 41 with a downward opening is fixedly installed below the adjusting component 37. A rotating rod 42 is arranged between the two vertical sections of the U-shaped plate 41. Rotating shafts 44 are fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the rotating rod 42 through circular cover plates 43. The rotating shafts 44 are rotationally connected to the vertical sections of the U-shaped plate 41. A circular cylinder 45 is sleeved on the rotating rod 42. Fan-shaped hollow placement frames 46 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the circular cylinder 45 along the circumference at equal intervals. Circular through holes are evenly formed in the side wall of the hollow placement frame 46. Fixing components 47 are symmetrically arranged at both the left and right ends of the rotating rod 42. Limiting holes are symmetrically formed at both the left and right ends of the rotating rod 42. Moving components 48 are arranged in the limiting holes. A driving component 49 is also arranged at a position close to the right side of the U-shaped plate 41;

[0049] When the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to be located on the left side, and the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to tilt downward at a certain angle from left to right, the moving component 48 on the left side no longer limits the fixing component 47 on the left side. At this time, move the fixing component 47 to make the hollow placement frame 46 in an open state. Next, the waste cathode carbon blocks to be processed can be quickly loaded into the hollow placement frame 46. Through the partitioned feeding of the hollow placement frame 46 provided, the waste cathode carbon blocks are prevented from piling up, thereby affecting the alkali leaching treatment effect of the waste cathode carbon blocks. After the feeding is completed, move the fixing component 47 to block the hollow placement frame 46. When the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks into the placement box 2, the driving component 49 provided makes the rotating shaft 44 and the circular cover plate 43 drive the rotating rod 42 to rotate. The rotating rod 42 makes the circular cylinder 45 drive the hollow placement frame 46 to rotate. During the rotation process, the waste cathode carbon blocks in the hollow placement frame 46 will move sufficiently, so as to further improve the alkali leaching effect. At the same time, through the arrangement of multiple hollow placement frames 46 in a windmill structure, when the circular cylinder 45 drives the hollow placement frame 46 to rotate, the alkali leaching solution can be stirred to move, and thus the harmful substances on the waste cathode carbon blocks can be better rotated and separated.

[0050] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the fixing component 47 includes a limiting plate 471, an annular plate 472 and a fan-shaped baffle 473. Limiting plates 471 are fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the rotating rod 42 and on the side far from the hollow placement frame 46. An annular plate 472 in contact with the limiting plate 471 is rotatably arranged at one end of the rotation close to the hollow placement frame 46. Limiting grooves are symmetrically formed on the upper and lower inner ring surfaces of the annular plate 472. Fan-shaped baffles 473 corresponding to the hollow placement frame 46 are fixedly installed on the outer ring surface of the annular plate 472 along the circumference at equal intervals;

[0051] Refer to Figure 10 , in which a spline groove is provided on the outer arc surface of one of the sector baffles 473, and a regulating rod 474 with a spline-shaped end is detachably arranged in the spline groove;

[0052] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the moving assembly 48 includes an electric telescopic rod 481, a frustum block 482, a clamping rod 483, a pressing plate 484 and a return spring 485. An electric telescopic rod 481 is fixedly installed in the limiting hole. A frustum block 482 is fixedly installed at one end of the electric telescopic rod 481 close to the vertical section of the U-shaped plate 41. The small-diameter end of the frustum block 482 is away from one end of the electric telescopic rod 481. Clamping rods 483 matched with the limiting grooves are symmetrically arranged up and down on the side wall of the rotating rod 42. A pressing plate 484 with an arc-shaped structure at both left and right ends is fixedly installed at one end of the clamping rod 483 located in the limiting hole. The pressing plate 484 and the side wall of the limiting hole are connected by a return spring 485;

[0053] When the adjusting assembly 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to be located on the left side, and the adjusting assembly 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to tilt downward at a certain angle from left to right, start the electric telescopic rod 481. The electric telescopic rod 481 makes the frustum block 482 move in the limiting hole, so that the frustum block 482 no longer presses the pressing plate 484. At this time, under the action of the return spring 485, the pressing plate 484 drives the clamping rod 483 to disengage from the limiting groove and no longer limit the annular plate 472. At this time, put the spline-shaped end of the regulating rod 474 into the spline groove on the leftmost sector baffle 473. After placing, move the regulating rod 474 to rotate. The regulating rod 474 makes the sector baffle 473 drive the annular plate 472 to rotate to a certain position, so that the hollow placing frame 46 is in an open state. Next, the waste cathode carbon block to be processed can be quickly loaded into the hollow placing frame 46. After the loading is completed, move the regulating rod 474 to drive the sector baffle 473 to return to its original position. Finally, use the electric telescopic rod 481 again to make the clamping rod 483 limit the annular plate 472. Finally, remove the regulating rod 474. When the waste cathode carbon block after treatment needs to be unloaded, move the moving assembly 48 and the fixing assembly 47 on the right side, and the steps are the same as above.

[0054] ​​​​, the driving component 49 includes a driving motor 491, a first bevel gear 492, a moving rod 493, a second bevel gear 494 and a second chain 495. A driving motor 491 is fixedly installed at the top of the horizontal section on the right side of the C-shaped plate 41. A first bevel gear 492 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 491. A moving rod 493 is rotatably arranged on the vertical section on the right side of the C-shaped plate 41. A second bevel gear 494 is fixedly installed on the moving rod 493. The first bevel gear 492 and the second bevel gear 494 are in meshing transmission. The right side of the rotating shaft 44 passes through the vertical section of the C-shaped plate 41 and extends outward. Fixed sprockets are fixedly installed on the rotating rod 42 and the moving rod 493. The two fixed sprockets are connected by a second chain 495 in transmission connection;

[0055] After the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 for placing waste cathode carbon blocks into the placing box 2, the driving motor 491 is started. The driving motor 491 makes the first bevel gear 492 drive the second bevel gear 494 to rotate. The second bevel gear 494 makes the moving rod 493 drive the second chain 495 to rotate. The second chain 495 makes the rotating shaft 44 and the circular cover plate 43 drive the rotating rod 42 to rotate.

[0056] During specific operation:

[0057] First step: In the original state, first put the alkali immersion liquid for treating waste cathode carbon blocks into the placing box 2. The translation electric slider drives the moving plate 36 to move to the leftmost side of the sliding groove, so that the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to be located on the left side. After being located on the left side, the moving electric slider is started. The moving electric slider drives the rack plate 375 to move in the moving groove. The rack plate 375 makes the transmission gear 374 drive the rotating rod 372 to rotate a certain angle. The rotating rod 372 makes the swing plate 373 drive the cleaning device 4 to tilt downward at a certain angle from left to right. Next, the electric telescopic rod 481 is started. The electric telescopic rod 481 makes the frustum block 482 move in the limiting hole, so that the frustum block 482 no longer presses the pressing plate 484. At this time, under the action of the return spring 485, the pressing plate 484 drives the clamping rod 483 to disengage from the limiting groove and no longer limit the annular plate 472. At this time, the spline-shaped end of the adjusting rod 474 is placed into the spline groove on the leftmost sector-shaped baffle 473. After placing, the adjusting rod 474 is rotated. The adjusting rod 474 makes the sector-shaped baffle 473 drive the annular plate 472 to rotate to a certain position, so that the hollow placing frame 46 is in an open state. Next, the waste cathode carbon blocks to be processed can be quickly loaded into the hollow placing frame 46, which is convenient for loading the waste cathode carbon blocks.

[0058] In the second step, when the loading is completed, the adjusting component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 to return to its original position. At this time, the electric slider is moved horizontally to drive the moving plate 36 to the center position of the sliding groove, so that the cleaning device 4 for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks is located directly above the placement box 2. Next, the forward and reverse motors 35 are started to rotate forward. The forward and reverse motors 35 drive one of the threaded rods 31 to rotate. At this time, under the limit of the fixed rod 32, the horizontal plate 33 moves downward. The horizontal plate 33 enables the adjusting component 37 to drive the cleaning device 4 for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks to move into the placement box 2 (as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown) at this time, the drive motor 491 is started, and the drive motor 491 causes the No. 1 bevel gear 492 to drive the No. 2 bevel gear 494 to rotate, and the No. 2 bevel gear 494 causes the moving rod 493 to drive the No. 2 chain 495 to rotate, and the No. 2 chain 495 causes the rotating shaft 44 and the circular cover plate 43 to drive the rotating rod 42 to rotate, and the rotating rod 42 causes the circular cylinder 45 to drive the hollow placement frame 46 to rotate, and during the rotation process, the waste cathode carbon blocks in the hollow placement frame 46 will move fully, so as to further improve the effect of alkaline leaching, and the waste cathode carbon blocks are processed by the alkaline leaching liquid in the placement box 2. When the processing is completed, the forward and reverse motors 35 reverse, and the horizontal plate 33 causes the adjustment component 37 to drive the cleaning device 4 that has processed the waste cathode carbon blocks to return to its original position.

[0059] The third step is to finally translate the electric slider to drive the movable plate 36 to the rightmost side of the sliding slot, so that the adjustment component 37 drives the cleaning device 4 that has processed the waste cathode carbon blocks to be located directly above the material holding box 11. At this time, the cleaning device 4 is driven by the set adjustment component 37 to tilt downward from left to right at a certain angle, so as to facilitate the rapid unloading of the processed waste cathode carbon blocks and unload them into the material holding box 11. The processed waste cathode carbon blocks can be collected through the set material holding box 11 to avoid the processed waste cathode carbon blocks from being scattered everywhere and causing a certain impact on the working environment.

[0060] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolysis waste processing and treatment device, comprising a fixed platform (1), a placement box (2), a fixing device (3) and a cleaning device (4). A placement box (2) is arranged on the top of the fixed platform (1). A fixing device (3) is arranged above the placement box (2) and on the top of the fixed platform (1). A cleaning device (4) is arranged on the fixing device (3); The fixing device (3) includes a threaded rod (31). Two threaded rods (31) and two fixing rods (32) distributed in a matrix are rotatably arranged on the top of the fixed platform (1), and the two threaded rods (31) and the two fixing rods (32) are placed diagonally. A horizontal plate (33) is jointly arranged on the threaded rod (31) and the fixing rod (32). The threaded rod (31) and the horizontal plate (33) are connected by threads, and the fixing rod (32) and the horizontal plate (33) are connected by sliding. A moving sprocket wheel is fixedly installed between the two threaded rods (31) and above the horizontal plate (33). The moving sprocket wheels are connected by a first chain (34). The bottom of the fixed platform (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one of the threaded rods (31) through a forward and reverse motor (35). A sliding groove is opened on the top of the horizontal plate (33), and a moving plate (36) is connected to the sliding groove by a translational electric slider. An adjusting component (37) is arranged at the bottom of the moving plate (36); The cleaning device (4) includes a U-shaped plate (41). A U-shaped plate (41) with an opening downward is fixedly installed below the adjusting component (37). A rotating rod (42) is arranged between the two vertical sections of the U-shaped plate (41). Rotating shafts (44) are fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the rotating rod (42) through circular covers (43). The rotating shafts (44) are rotatably connected to the vertical sections of the U-shaped plate (41). A circular cylinder (45) is sleeved on the rotating rod (42). Hollow placement frames (46) in the shape of sectors are fixedly installed on the side wall of the circular cylinder (45) along the circumference. Circular through holes are evenly opened on the side wall of the hollow placement frame (46). Fixing components (47) are symmetrically arranged at the left and right ends of the rotating rod (42). Limiting holes are symmetrically opened at the left and right ends of the rotating rod (42), and moving components (48) are arranged in the limiting holes. A driving component (49) is also arranged at a position close to the right side of the U-shaped plate (41).

2. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described adjusting component (37) includes a mounting plate (371). The bottom of the moving plate (36) is fixedly installed with a mounting plate (371) having a downward-opening U-shaped structure. A rotating rod (372) is rotatably arranged between the front and rear vertical segments of the mounting plate (371). A swing plate (373) is fixedly installed on the rotating rod (372). The bottom of the swing plate (373) is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning device (4). The rear end of the rotating rod (372) passes through the mounting plate (371) and is fixedly installed with a transmission gear (374). A moving groove is formed in the vertical segment on the rear side of the mounting plate (371). A rack plate (375) is slidably connected in the moving groove through a moving electric slider. The rack plate (375) and the transmission gear (374) are meshed for transmission.

3. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described fixing component (47) includes a limiting plate (471). Limiting plates (471) are fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the rotating rod (42) and on the side far from the hollow placement frame (46). An annular plate (472) that contacts the limiting plate (471) is rotatably arranged at one end of the rotating rod close to the hollow placement frame (46). Limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper and lower parts of the inner ring surface of the annular plate (472). Sector-shaped baffles (473) corresponding to the hollow placement frame (46) are fixedly installed on the outer ring surface of the annular plate (472) along the circumference.

4. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The described moving component (48) includes an electric telescopic rod (481). An electric telescopic rod (481) is fixedly installed in the limiting hole. A frustum-shaped block (482) is fixedly installed at one end of the electric telescopic rod (481) close to the vertical segment of the U-shaped plate (41). The small-diameter end of the frustum-shaped block (482) is away from one end of the electric telescopic rod (481). Clamping rods (483) that cooperate with the limiting grooves are symmetrically slidably arranged on the side wall of the rotating rod (42) in the upper and lower parts. One end of the clamping rod (483) located in the limiting hole is fixedly installed with a pressing plate (484) having an arc-shaped structure at both left and right ends. The pressing plate (484) and the side wall of the limiting hole are connected by a return spring (485).

5. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described driving component (49) includes a driving motor (491). A driving motor (491) is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal segment on the right side of the U-shaped plate (41). A first bevel gear (492) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor (491). A moving rod (493) is rotatably arranged in the vertical segment on the right side of the U-shaped plate (41). A second bevel gear (494) is fixedly installed on the moving rod (493). The first bevel gear (492) and the second bevel gear (494) are meshed for transmission. The right side of the rotating shaft (44) passes through the vertical segment of the U-shaped plate (41) and extends outward. Fixed sprockets are fixedly installed on the rotating rod (42) and the moving rod (493). The two fixed sprockets are传动连接通过二号链条(495)。 6. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spline groove is formed in the outer arc surface of one of the sector-shaped baffles (473). An adjusting rod (474) with a spline-shaped end at one end is detachably arranged in the spline groove.

7. The aluminum electrolysis waste processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material receiving box (11) is arranged on the top of the fixed table (1) and on the right side of the placement box (2).

8. A method for processing aluminum electrolytic waste, prepared in conjunction with the aluminum electrolytic waste processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Obtaining waste materials: obtaining waste cathode carbon blocks from waste residues generated during the maintenance and disposal of electrolytic cells during aluminum electrolysis; S2, placing waste: placing the waste cathode carbon blocks obtained in step S1 on the cleaning device (4); S3, waste material treatment: finally, the cleaning device (4) for placing the waste cathode carbon blocks in step S2 is moved into the placement box (2), and the waste cathode carbon blocks are subjected to alkaline leaching treatment.

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