A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of monitoring equipment, and specifically to a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring equipment and a monitoring method, comprising a mounting plate and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is mounted on the surface of the mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate is internally rotatably connected to a driving gear, wherein the mounting plate is internally rotatably connected to four driven gears, wherein each of the driven gears is arranged in a ring array with the axis of the driving gear as the axis, wherein each of the driven gears is meshedly connected to the driving gear, wherein the bottom end of each of the driven gears is coaxially fixedly connected to a threaded rod, wherein the surface of each of the threaded rods is movably sleeved with a telescopic rod, wherein each of the telescopic rods is provided with a threaded groove for the threaded rotation of the threaded rod, and the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring equipment can be adapted to monitor on uneven surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic tunnel is a water passage excavated in a mountain or underground. It can be used for irrigation, power generation, water supply, water discharge, water transfer, construction diversion and navigation. A tunnel with a free water surface is called an unpressured tunnel, while a tunnel with a full cross section and a certain water pressure on the tunnel wall is called a pressurized tunnel. A hydraulic tunnel is mainly composed of an inlet, a tunnel body and an outlet section. The cross-section of the tunnel body can be circular, city gate-shaped or horseshoe-shaped. The layout of the inlet and outlet, the selection of the tunnel line and the shape and size of the tunnel body cross-section are restricted by factors such as topography, geology, geostress, hub layout, application requirements and construction conditions, and need to be determined through technical and economic comparisons.

[0003] During the construction and operation of hydraulic tunnels, the ground or structures may sink due to excavation, improper foundation treatment, load changes and other reasons. Therefore, the deformation of the tunnel needs to be monitored during the construction of the hydraulic tunnel to ensure its safe and stable operation and to detect potential problems in a timely manner. If it is not monitored and controlled, excessive settlement may affect the normal use of the tunnel and even cause the tunnel to collapse. The displacement of the tunnel top and side walls is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, so that the settlement of the tunnel can be monitored. Due to the excavation of the tunnel, the wall surface is usually uneven. The installation of existing monitoring equipment on an uneven surface will increase the difficulty of calibration, and the uneven installation surface may also cause uneven force on the equipment, affecting its stability. Therefore, a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method are designed to adapt to monitoring on uneven surfaces. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method to solve the problem that the hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device can be adapted to monitor on uneven surfaces.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device comprises a mounting plate and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the laser displacement sensor is mounted on the surface of the mounting plate, the mounting plate is internally rotatably connected with a driving gear, the mounting plate is internally rotatably connected with four driven gears, each of the driven gears is arranged in a ring array with the axis of the driving gear as the axis, each of the driven gears is meshed and connected with the driving gear, the bottom end of each driven gear is coaxially fixedly connected with a threaded rod, the surface of each threaded rod is movably sleeved with a telescopic rod, each of the telescopic rods is provided with a threaded groove for threaded rotation of the threaded rod, the top of each telescopic rod is provided with a square groove, each of the square grooves is movably inserted with a square limit rod, the top of each square limit rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate, and the interior of the mounting plate has an empty groove for the driven gear to move upward and stagger with the driving gear.

[0007] Preferably, a pressure block is movably inserted in each of the empty slots, the bottom surface of the pressure block is in contact with the top surface of the driven gear, both ends of each of the pressure blocks are fixedly connected with a first slider, the slot wall of the empty slot is cooperated to form a first slide slot for the first slider to move up and down, and a pressure spring is fixedly connected between the top of the first slider and the wall of the first slide slot.

[0008] Preferably, four limit baffles are rotatably connected to the surface of the mounting plate, and the four limit baffles can respectively contact the upper surfaces of four pressure blocks. The bottom end of the limit baffle is fixedly connected to a T-shaped circle, and the T-shaped circle is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The bottom end of the T-shaped circle is fixedly connected to a torsion spring, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating block, the top of the rotating block is movably connected with a lifting block that can move up and down, the top surface of the mounting plate has a circular groove for the lifting block to rotate, a toggle handle is fixedly connected to one side surface of the lifting block, and the top surface of the mounting plate is provided with a positioning groove for the toggle handle to be embedded.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the lifting block is provided with a lifting groove for the rotating block to slide, second sliding blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the rotating block, and the wall surface of the lifting groove is provided with a second sliding groove for the second sliding block to slide up and down.

[0011] Preferably, fixing nuts are provided on both sides of the laser displacement sensor, threaded holes are provided on the surface of each pressure block and the fixing nut, and the distance between the threaded holes on the front and rear pressure blocks is equal to the distance between the threaded holes on the front and rear fixing nuts.

[0012] Preferably, one side of each of the fixing nut is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and a polygonal column is fixedly sleeved on the surface of each of the rotating shafts. A rotating groove for rotation of the rotating shaft is provided on the surface of the laser displacement sensor, a limiting groove for embedding the polygonal column is provided inside the laser displacement sensor, and a release groove for rotation of the polygonal column is provided inside the laser displacement sensor, and the limiting groove and the release groove are connected to each other.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a capsule filled with glue, and the surface of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a fixing foot.

[0014] A method for monitoring deformation of hydraulic tunnel construction is implemented by using the hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] A. Install the mounting plate at the monitoring position, adjust the direction of the laser displacement sensor so that the transmitting end of the laser displacement sensor faces the fixed target at a known position, and then install the laser displacement sensor between the front and rear pressure blocks.

[0016] B. Take out the second laser displacement sensor and adjust the direction of the second laser displacement sensor so that the transmitting end of the second laser displacement sensor is aimed at the second fixed target at a known position, and then install the second laser displacement sensor between the other two front and rear pressure blocks.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. By setting telescopic rods, threaded rods and empty slots for the driven gear to move upward and stagger with the driving gear, when the position to be monitored in the tunnel is uneven, the four telescopic rods can be extended at the same time by rotating the driving gear. And because of the existence of the empty slots, the four telescopic rods can contact the wall one after another, so that they can adapt to the uneven wall surface, which is conducive to the installation of the laser displacement sensor on the uneven surface for monitoring;

[0019] 2. By setting the capsule, when the telescopic rod contacts the wall, the capsule will be squeezed and the glue in the capsule will flow out, so that the telescopic rod is bonded to the wall, which can play a positioning role, is conducive to the preliminary positioning of the mounting plate, and can compensate for the gap between the bottom end of the telescopic rod and the wall;

[0020] 3. By setting a limit baffle, when the limit baffle contacts the pressure block, it will limit the pressure block from moving upward. When the limit baffle is away from the pressure block, the limit on the pressure block will be released. The limit baffle on the pressure block can be released only when the capsule is squeezed and broken, which is helpful to prevent the driven gear and the threaded rod from moving into the empty slot before the capsule is squeezed and broken.

[0021] 4. By setting a rotatable fixing nut, when the polygonal prism is embedded in the limit groove, the fixing nut cannot rotate. When the polygonal prism is moved into the limit release groove, the fixing nut can rotate. The direction of the fixing nut can be adjusted. After the direction of the fixing nut is adjusted, the fixing nut is connected to the pressure block by bolts. At this time, what is actually changed is the direction of the laser displacement sensor, so that the transmitting end of the laser displacement sensor is facing the fixed target at a known position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a rendering of the state in which the mounting plate of the present invention is to be installed;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal section of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical section of a first type of mounting plate to be installed according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second type of vertical section of the mounting plate to be installed according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded rod, driven gear and pressure block of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical section of the telescopic rod of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 This is a state effect diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention after installation;

[0032] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical section of the mounting plate of the present invention after the first installation;

[0033] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second installation of the mounting plate of the present invention in a vertical section;

[0034] Fig.13 This is a state effect diagram of the laser displacement sensor of the present invention being installed on a mounting plate;

[0035] Fig.14It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser displacement sensor of the present invention in vertical section;

[0036] Fig.15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing nut, the rotating shaft and the polygonal column of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. mounting plate; 2. capsule; 3. fixed foot; 4. telescopic rod; 5. square groove; 6. square limit rod; 7. threaded groove; 8. threaded rod; 9. driven gear; 10. pressure block; 11. first slider; 12. first slide groove; 13. pressure spring; 14. threaded hole; 15. arc slot; 16. limit baffle; 17. T-shaped circle; 18. torsion spring; 19. lifting block; 20. lifting groove; 21. rotating block; 22. driving gear; 23. second slider; 24. second slide groove; 25. toggle handle; 26. positioning groove; 27. level; 28. laser displacement sensor; 29. ​​fixing nut; 30. rotating shaft; 31. rotating groove; 32. polygonal column; 33. limit groove; 34. release groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 15 , the present invention provides a technical solution.

[0040] A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device, comprising a mounting plate 1 and a laser displacement sensor 28, wherein the laser displacement sensor 28 is mounted on the surface of the mounting plate 1, wherein a driving gear 22 is rotatably connected inside the mounting plate 1, wherein four driven gears 9 are rotatably connected inside the mounting plate 1, wherein each driven gear 9 is arranged in a ring array with the axis of the driving gear 22 as the axis, wherein each driven gear 9 is meshed and connected with the driving gear 22, wherein the bottom end of each driven gear 9 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a threaded rod 8, wherein a telescopic rod 4 is movably sleeved on the surface of each threaded rod 8, wherein each telescopic rod 4 is provided with a threaded groove 7 for threaded rotation of the threaded rod 8, wherein a square groove 5 is provided on the top of each telescopic rod 4, wherein a square limiting rod 6 is movably inserted in each square groove 5, wherein the top end of each square limiting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1, wherein an empty groove for the driven gear 9 to move upward and stagger with the driving gear 22 is provided inside the mounting plate 1;

[0041] By rotating the driving gear 22, all the driven gears 9 can be driven to rotate, and the driven gear 9 drives the threaded rod 8 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected to the telescopic rod 4, the rotation of the threaded rod 8 drives the telescopic rod 4 to extend, so that the telescopic rod 4 moves toward the wall of the tunnel. When the telescopic rod 4 contacts the wall, if the driven gear 9 continues to rotate, the telescopic rod 4 will be blocked by the wall and cannot move. Due to the action and reaction forces, the threaded rod 8 and the driven gear 9 move in the opposite direction to the empty slot until the driven gear 9 is completely offset from the driving gear 22. At this time, rotating the driving gear 22 will not drive the driven gear 9 to rotate.

[0042] See also Figure 5 and Fig.12 , using the above principle, when the position of the tunnel to be monitored is uneven, when the laser displacement sensor 28 is installed at this position, the telescopic rod 4 moves toward the wall of the tunnel. Because the wall is uneven, the four telescopic rods 4 will contact the wall one after another, and because of the existence of the empty slot, the telescopic rod 4 that contacts the wall first, and its connected driven gear 9 will first move into the empty slot, and then the telescopic rod 4 and the driven gear 9 will not move, and the remaining telescopic rods 4 will continue to extend until they contact the wall, which is conducive to self-adaptation to the uneven wall surface.

[0043] The bottom end of each telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to a capsule 2, which is filled with glue. The capsule 2 can be an epoxy resin capsule, which is filled with epoxy resin glue. When the telescopic rod 4 contacts the wall, the capsule 2 will be squeezed and the glue in the capsule 2 will flow out, so that the telescopic rod 4 is adhered to the wall, which can play a positioning role. The surface of each telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to a fixing foot 3. When the telescopic rods 4 are fixed to the wall by glue, the pin is inserted into the wall through the surface of the fixing foot 3 to achieve anchoring, so that the mounting plate 1 can be firmly fixed to the wall.

[0044] A pressure block 10 is movably inserted in each empty slot, and the bottom surface of the pressure block 10 contacts the top surface of the driven gear 9. Both ends of each pressure block 10 are fixedly connected with a first slider 11. The slot wall of the empty slot is cooperated to open a first slide slot 12 for the first slider 11 to move up and down. A pressure spring 13 is fixedly connected between the top of the first slider 11 and the wall of the first slide slot 12. By providing the pressure spring 13, a certain pressure is applied to the top surface of the driven gear 9, which is conducive to preventing the threaded rod 8 and the driven gear 9 from directly entering the empty slot, instead of preventing the telescopic rod 4 from being blocked by the wall and unable to move. Due to the action and reaction force, the threaded rod 8 and the driven gear 9 move in the opposite direction to the empty slot.

[0045] The surface of the mounting plate 1 is rotatably connected with four limit baffles 16, and the four limit baffles 16 can contact the upper surfaces of the four pressure blocks 10 respectively. The limit baffles 16 will contact the pressure blocks 10 during the rotation process. When the limit baffles 16 rotate to contact the pressure blocks 10, the pressure blocks 10 will be restricted from moving upward, that is, the driven gear 9 will be restricted from moving into the empty slot. When the limit baffles 16 rotate away from the pressure blocks 10, the restriction on the pressure blocks 10 will be released. When the capsule 2 is squeezed, the restriction on the pressure blocks 10 by the limit baffles 16 can be released, which is conducive to preventing the capsule 2 from being squeezed out before the driven gear 9 and the threaded rod 8 move into the empty slot. The bottom end of the limit baffle 16 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped circumference 17, and the T-shaped circumference 17 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 1. The bottom end of the T-shaped circumference 17 is fixedly connected with a torsion spring 18, and one end of the torsion spring 18 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1. By setting the torsion spring 18, it is beneficial to apply a force to the limit baffle 16. When there is no external force, the limit baffle 16 contacts with the pressure block 10. Only under the action of external force, after the force is offset, the limit baffle 16 will rotate, and when the external force is lost, the limit baffle 16 will automatically reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring 18, which is beneficial to prevent the limit baffle 16 from releasing the limit on the pressure block 10 without paying attention.

[0046] The top of the driving gear 22 is coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating block 21, and the top of the rotating block 21 is movably connected with a lifting block 19 that can move up and down. The top surface of the mounting plate 1 has a circular groove for the lifting block 19 to rotate, and a toggle handle 25 is fixedly connected to one side surface of the lifting block 19. The top surface of the mounting plate 1 is provided with a positioning groove 26 for the toggle handle 25 to be embedded. When all the driven gears 9 are moved into the empty grooves, the lifting block 19 is idle to align the toggle handle 25 with the positioning groove 26, and the lifting block 19 is pressed to embed the toggle handle 25 into the positioning groove 26, which helps to limit the lifting block 19 from rotating.

[0047] The bottom end of the lifting block 19 is provided with a lifting groove 20 for the rotating block 21 to slide, and second sliders 23 are fixedly connected on both sides of the rotating block 21. The wall surface of the lifting groove 20 is provided with a second slide groove 24 for the second slider 23 to slide up and down. By arranging the second slider 23 to slide in the second slide groove 24, it is beneficial to make the rotating block 21 rotate when the lifting block 19 is rotated, thereby driving the driving gear 22 to rotate. By setting the lifting groove 20, the lifting block 19 can be moved downward to drive the toggle handle 25 to be embedded in the positioning groove 26.

[0048] A plurality of level rods 27 are installed on the surface of the mounting plate 1. The level rods 27 are provided to facilitate leveling of the mounting plate 1 and prevent the mounting plate 1 from being tilted at the beginning of installation, thereby increasing the difficulty of installing the mounting plate 1 and causing inaccurate readings by the laser displacement sensor 28 during monitoring.

[0049] Fixing nuts 29 are provided on both sides of the laser displacement sensor 28, and threaded holes 14 are provided on the surfaces of each pressure block 10 and the fixing nut 29. The distance between the threaded holes 14 on the front and rear pressure blocks 10 is equal to the distance between the threaded holes 14 on the front and rear fixing nuts 29. In this way, when the fixing nuts 29 are horizontal, the mounting plate 1 is placed between the two pressure blocks 10, so that the threaded holes 14 on the pressure block 10 and the threaded holes 14 on the fixing nuts 29 can be aligned up and down. At this time, the laser displacement sensor 28 can be fixed on the mounting plate 1 by first passing the bolt through the threaded hole 14 on the fixing nut 29 and then screwing it into the threaded hole 14 on the pressure block 10.

[0050] A rotating shaft 30 is fixedly connected to one side of each fixing nut 29, and a polygonal column 32 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of each rotating shaft 30. A rotating groove 31 for the rotating shaft 30 to rotate is provided on the surface of the laser displacement sensor 28. A limiting groove 33 for the polygonal column 32 to be embedded is provided inside the laser displacement sensor 28. A release groove 34 for the polygonal column 32 to rotate is provided inside the laser displacement sensor 28. The limiting groove 33 and the release groove 34 are connected to each other. The polygonal column 32 can be moved back and forth between the limiting groove 33 and the release groove 34 by horizontally pulling the fixing nut 29. When the polygonal column 32 is embedded in the limiting groove 33, the fixing nut 29 cannot rotate. When the polygonal column 32 moves into the release groove 34, the fixing nut 29 can rotate. The direction of the fixing nut 29 can be adjusted The polygonal prism 32 can be designed to be several prisms according to the adjustable angle setting. For example, the threaded hole 14 and the arc slot 15 in the attached figure show a quadrangular prism, and the fixing nut 29 can be adjusted between 0°, 90°, and 180°. The polygonal prism 32 can also be a hexagonal prism, and the fixing nut 29 can be adjusted between 0°, 60°, 120°, and 180°. By analogy, after the orientation of the fixing nut 29 is adjusted, the fixing nut 29 is connected to the pressure block 10 by bolts. At this time, what is actually changed is the orientation of the laser displacement sensor 28, so that the emitting end of the laser displacement sensor 28 is directed toward a fixed target at a known position, such as a reflector set on the wall of the tunnel or other fixed reference objects, so that the laser beam can measure the displacement change of the monitoring point relative to the fixed target.

[0051] The surface of each pressure block 10 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 15 for the limit baffle 16 to be rotatably embedded in. The limit baffle 16 is rotatably embedded in the arc-shaped slot 15 to limit the pressure block 10 from retracting into the empty slot. When the driven gear 9 is completely moved into the empty slot, the arc-shaped slot 15 is aligned with the limit baffle 16 on the same horizontal plane, so that the limit baffle 16 is automatically embedded in the arc-shaped slot 15 under the action of the torsion spring 18, which is beneficial to limiting the pressure block 10 from retracting into the empty slot. The distance between the front and rear pressure blocks 10 is equal to the width of the laser displacement sensor 28. In this way, when the laser displacement sensor 28 is installed on the mounting plate 1, the pressure block 10 has a clamping effect on the laser displacement sensor 28, which is beneficial to the initial positioning of the laser displacement sensor 28.

[0052] A method for monitoring deformation of hydraulic tunnel construction is implemented by using a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0053] A. Install the mounting plate 1 at the monitoring position, adjust the direction of the laser displacement sensor 28 so that the emitting end of the laser displacement sensor 28 faces a fixed target at a known position, and then install the laser displacement sensor 28 between the front and rear pressure blocks 10.

[0054] Furthermore, the second laser displacement sensor 28 is taken out and the direction of the second laser displacement sensor 28 is adjusted so that the transmitting end of the second laser displacement sensor 28 is aimed at the second fixed target at a known position, and then the second laser displacement sensor 28 is installed between the other two front and rear pressure blocks 10. By setting up two laser displacement sensors 28, they can be calibrated with each other.

[0055] The specific scheme is as follows: first, take the mounting plate 1, or use a tool to move it to the position to be monitored, and make the four telescopic rods 4 face the wall of the tunnel, then rotate the lifting block 19, the rotating lifting block 19 drives the rotating block 21 to rotate, the rotating block 21 drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, the driving gear 22 drives the driven gear 9 to rotate, the driven gear 9 drives the threaded rod 8 to rotate, the threaded rod 8 rotates to extend the telescopic rod 4, when one of the telescopic rods 4 contacts the wall, the capsule 2 is squeezed, the glue in the capsule 2 flows out, and before the glue is During the curing time, the mounting plate 1 is leveled according to the level ruler 27 on the mounting plate 1, and then the telescopic rod 4 is bonded to the wall. Then, the corresponding limit baffle 16 on the telescopic rod 4, the threaded rod 8, the driven gear 9, and the pressure block 10 is rotated to make the limit baffle 16 away from the surface of the pressure block 10. Then, the driving gear 22 is rotated, and the telescopic rod 4, the threaded rod 8, the driven gear 9, and the threaded rod 8 and the driven gear 9 in the pressure block 10 will move toward the empty slot, and refer to the accompanying figure to move upward, and push the pressure block 10 toward The remaining telescopic rods 4 continue to extend. When the driven gear 9 is completely moved into the empty slot, the limit baffle 16 is automatically embedded in the arc slot 15 under the action of the torsion spring 18. At this time, the telescopic rod 4, the threaded rod 8, the driven gear 9, and the pressure block 10 will not move. The remaining telescopic rods 4 are bonded to the wall in turn like the telescopic rod 4, and then the pin is inserted into the wall through the surface of the fixed foot 3 to achieve anchoring, so that the mounting plate 1 can be firmly fixed on the wall, and then the idle lifting block 19 is rotated to make the toggle handle 25 and the positioning groove. 26, press the lifting block 19 to make the toggle handle 25 embedded in the positioning groove 26, restricting the lifting block 19 from rotating, and then pull out the fixing nut 29 to move the polygonal column 32 from the limiting groove 33 into the releasing groove 34, and then rotate the fixing nut 29, adjust the direction of the fixing nut 29, and then embed the polygonal column 32 into the limiting groove 33 to restrict the rotation of the fixing nut 29, and connect the fixing nut 29 to the pressure block 10 through bolts, complete the fixation of the laser displacement sensor 28, and then start monitoring the displacement of the tunnel.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device, comprising a mounting plate (1) and a laser displacement sensor (28), characterized in that: The laser displacement sensor (28) is mounted on the surface of the mounting plate (1); a driving gear (22) is rotatably connected inside the mounting plate (1); four driven gears (9) are rotatably connected inside the mounting plate (1); each of the driven gears (9) is arranged in a ring array with the axis of the driving gear (22) as the axis; each of the driven gears (9) is meshedly connected to the driving gear (22); the bottom end of each of the driven gears (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to a threaded rod (8); each of the threaded rods The surface of the mounting plate (8) is movably sleeved with a telescopic rod (4), each of the telescopic rods (4) is provided with a threaded groove (7) for the threaded rod (8) to rotate, the top of each telescopic rod (4) is provided with a square groove (5), each of the square grooves (5) is movably inserted with a square limiting rod (6), the top of each square limiting rod (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting plate (1), and the inside of the mounting plate (1) is provided with an empty groove for the driven gear (9) to move upward and stagger with the driving gear (22); A pressure block (10) is movably inserted in each of the empty slots, the bottom surface of the pressure block (10) contacts the top surface of the driven gear (9), both ends of each of the pressure blocks (10) are fixedly connected to a first slider (11), the slot wall of the empty slot is provided with a first slide slot (12) for the first slider (11) to move up and down, and a pressure spring (13) is fixedly connected between the top of the first slider (11) and the wall of the first slide slot (12); Fixing nuts (29) are provided on both sides of the laser displacement sensor (28), threaded holes (14) are provided on the surfaces of each of the pressure blocks (10) and the fixing nuts (29), and the distance between the threaded holes (14) on the front and rear pressure blocks (10) is equal to the distance between the threaded holes (14) on the front and rear fixing nuts (29).

2. A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the mounting plate (1) is rotatably connected to four limit baffles (16), and the four limit baffles (16) can respectively contact the upper surfaces of four pressure blocks (10). The bottom end of the limit baffle (16) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped circle (17), and the T-shaped circle (17) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1). The bottom end of the T-shaped circle (17) is fixedly connected to a torsion spring (18), and one end of the torsion spring (18) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (1).

3. A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the driving gear (22) is coaxially fixedly connected to a rotating block (21), the top end of the rotating block (21) is movably connected to a lifting block (19) that can move up and down, the top surface of the mounting plate (1) has a circular groove for the lifting block (19) to rotate, a toggle handle (25) is fixedly connected to one side surface of the lifting block (19), and the top surface of the mounting plate (1) is provided with a positioning groove (26) for the toggle handle (25) to be embedded.

4. A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the lifting block (19) is provided with a lifting groove (20) for the rotating block (21) to slide, and second sliding blocks (23) are fixedly connected to both sides of the rotating block (21), and the wall surface of the lifting groove (20) is provided with a second sliding groove (24) for the second sliding block (23) to slide up and down.

5. The hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One side of each fixing nut (29) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (30), and a polygonal column (32) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of each rotating shaft (30). A rotating groove (31) for the rotating shaft (30) to rotate is provided on the surface of the laser displacement sensor (28). A limiting groove (33) for the polygonal column (32) to be embedded is provided inside the laser displacement sensor (28). A releasing groove (34) for the polygonal column (32) to rotate is provided inside the laser displacement sensor (28), and the limiting groove (33) and the releasing groove (34) are communicated with each other.

6. A hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of each telescopic rod (4) is fixedly connected to a capsule (2), the capsule (2) is filled with glue, and the surface of each telescopic rod (4) is fixedly connected to a fixing foot (3).

7. A method for monitoring deformation during construction of a hydraulic tunnel, characterized in that: The method is carried out by using a hydraulic tunnel construction deformation monitoring device as described in claim 5, and the specific steps are as follows: A. Install the mounting plate (1) at the monitoring position, adjust the direction of the laser displacement sensor (28) so that the transmitting end of the laser displacement sensor (28) faces a fixed target at a known position, and then install the laser displacement sensor (28) between the front and rear pressure blocks (10); B. Take out the second laser displacement sensor (28), and adjust the direction of the second laser displacement sensor (28) so that the transmitting end of the second laser displacement sensor (28) is aimed at the second fixed target at a known position, and then install the second laser displacement sensor (28) between the other two front and rear pressure blocks (10).

Images