A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud

Abstract

The present invention relates to a physical detection method for the catalytic effect of a target cloud. The method includes: obtaining the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud; moving a flight device to the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer, flying around in an irregular ellipse and carrying out cloud seeding operations to obtain a cloud seeding operation area; wherein, a first flight trajectory and a second flight trajectory are formed along the extension direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse, the flight device flies around along a third flight trajectory, the third flight trajectory intersects with the cloud seeding operation area, and cloud microphysical parameter after catalysis is obtained; the flight device hovers and descends to the lowest safe altitude, and the detection ends. In this way, the problem of how to accurately measure the microphysical process of the cloud seeding operation area of the target cloud after artificial precipitation enhancement is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft path planning, and more particularly, to a physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud. Background Art

[0002] Artificial weather modification is a scientific activity that, based on the understanding of the natural laws of cloud precipitation, exerts artificial influence to make the local weather process develop in a direction favorable to human expectations and achieve the goal of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages. Currently, the most widely used method of artificial weather modification is to implement catalysis in clouds to increase precipitation, prevent hail, or weaken clouds and precipitation, etc. Mainly, carriers such as airplanes (aircraft, drones, etc.), anti-aircraft guns, and rockets are used to send catalysts into appropriate positions in the clouds for catalysis to achieve the purpose of artificial weather modification. With the introduction of high-performance airplanes and advanced airborne equipment, there has been great progress in the understanding of cloud structure observation and the formation mechanism of natural precipitation. However, the verification of the effect of artificial rainfall enhancement remains a complex and difficult problem. The effect of artificial rainfall enhancement refers to the changes in the microphysical process and precipitation process of the target cloud after being affected by artificial catalysis. According to the evaluation means, it can be divided into statistical test, physical test, and model test. Among them, the physical test of the effect of artificial rainfall enhancement operation is to obtain evidence of various physical changes that should occur after artificial catalysis through a series of observations of the physical parameters of the cloud precipitation process.

[0003] The theory of artificial rainfall enhancement has been able to well explain how catalysts act in supercooled clouds, that is, under suitable meteorological conditions, catalyzing silver iodide into clouds containing supercooled water droplets causes the transformation of liquid water droplets into ice crystals, and the formed ice crystals grow to a scale sufficient to fall through the Bergeron process, accretion, and aggregation. Accurately finding the area where supercooled water exists is crucial for cloud catalysis operations, and how to continuously observe the same cloud mass after aircraft catalysis operations and observe the changes in cloud microphysical characteristics after aircraft catalysis is the key. However, due to the influence of wind speed, it will increase the detection difficulty of the aircraft for the already catalyzed area. Therefore, it is crucial to quickly find the already catalyzed area after aircraft catalysis operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problem of how to accurately measure the microphysical process of the catalytic operation area of the target cloud after artificial rainfall enhancement, the present invention provides a physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud. The method includes:

[0005] Step 1, obtaining the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud;

[0006] Step 2, moving the flight device to the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer, and flying in an irregular ellipse around horizontally and carrying out cloud catalysis operations to obtain the cloud catalysis operation area; wherein, a first flight trajectory and a second flight trajectory are formed along the extension direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse.

[0007] Step 3, the flying device orbits along a third flight trajectory that intersects with the cloud seeding operation area, and obtains the cloud microphysical parameter after catalysis;

[0008] Step 4, the flying device spirally descends in the vertical direction below the cloud seeding operation area to the lowest safe altitude, and the detection ends.

[0009] In some embodiments, along the extending direction of the wind speed, the first flight trajectory is in front of the second flight trajectory, and the value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: t is the time required for the flying device to orbit along the irregular ellipse for one circle, v is the wind speed, and r is the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the flying device orbits in the direction opposite to the extending direction of the wind speed on the first flight trajectory, the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

[0011] In some embodiments, when the flying device orbits in the extending direction of the wind speed on the second flight trajectory, the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

[0012] In some embodiments, in step 1, it further includes:

[0013] Step 11: Obtain the area to be catalyzed and the highest altitude of the target cloud;

[0014] Step 12: The flying device moves to the lowest safe altitude below the area to be catalyzed, and obtains the cloud base position of the area to be catalyzed;

[0015] Step 13: The flying device moves to the cloud base position and spirally ascends in the vertical direction to the highest altitude, and obtains the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud.

[0016] In some embodiments, the third flight trajectory is a regular ellipse along the horizontal direction, and the extending direction of the major axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extending direction of the wind speed; or, the extending direction of the minor axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extending direction of the wind speed;

[0017] The length of the major axis of the regular ellipse is greater than or equal to the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse;

[0018] The length of the minor axis of the regular ellipse is less than the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ratio i of the cross-sectional area of the overlapping part of the third flight trajectory and the cloud seeding operation area to the cross-sectional area of the cloud seeding operation area is: 1 / 3 ≤ i < 1.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the target cloud has a cold water layer and a supercooled cloud layer, the flying device moves to the supercooled cloud layer and orbits horizontally in an irregular ellipse to carry out cloud seeding operations.

[0021] To solve the problem of how to accurately measure the microphysical process of the cloud seeding operation area of the target cloud after artificial rainfall enhancement, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] Through the technical solution of the present invention, by carrying out cloud seeding operations on the flying device with a flight trajectory that orbits horizontally in an irregular ellipse, a first flight trajectory and a second flight trajectory have been formed. By limiting the paths of the first flight trajectory and the second flight trajectory, it is possible to control the position of the cloud seeding operation area obtained after cloud seeding the target cloud, and further, it is possible to accurately detect the cloud seeding operation area by the flying device to improve the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Shows a schematic flow chart of a physical detection method for the cloud seeding effect on a target cloud;

[0024] Figure 2 Shows the flight device trajectory change diagram in the first case in step S2;

[0025] Figure 3 Shows the flight device trajectory change diagram in the second case in step S2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Now the content of the present disclosure will be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus implement the content of the present disclosure, rather than implying any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0027] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variants are to be construed as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be construed as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be construed as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be construed as "at least one other embodiment". The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Moreover, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "mounted", "arranged", "provided with", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there may be internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated device, element or component. Unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0028] This embodiment discloses a physical detection method for the catalytic effect of a target cloud, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the method includes:

[0029] 1) Obtain the area to be catalytically operated on the target cloud and the highest altitude; wherein, before the flight device takes off, the area to be catalytically operated on the target cloud can be obtained through various observation means such as satellites, radiosondes, radars, cloud radars, etc., and the area to be catalytically operated on the target cloud, the minimum safe altitude and the highest altitude approved for the airspace can be obtained. In the present application, the flight device can be a device such as a drone or an aircraft. In the present application, since the diameters of the target clouds are relatively large, basically large clouds between dozens of kilometers and up to hundreds of kilometers and above, therefore, the area to be catalytically operated on the target cloud can preferably be the middle area of the target cloud, which is convenient for the catalytic and detection functions of subsequent processes.

[0030] 2) The flying device moves to the lowest safe altitude below the area to be catalyzed, and obtains the cloud base position of the area to be catalyzed; among them, after the flying device arrives below the area to be catalyzed, it first descends to the lowest safe altitude approved by the airspace, and comprehensively judges the cloud base position by using the on-board detection equipment and macroscopic observation.

[0031] 3) The flying device moves to the cloud base position and spirally ascends to the highest altitude in the vertical direction to obtain the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud; among them, the flying device spirally ascends from the lowest safe altitude to the highest altitude approved by the airspace with a radius r of 5 to 10 km, a flight speed of about 83 m / s, an elevation angle of 5 - 7 degrees, and a climb rate of 300 m / minute to judge the height of the cloud top position, etc. In this application, the flight speed is controlled within 100 m / s to ensure the accuracy of the on-board detection data observation.

[0032] In this embodiment, during the process of the flying device spirally ascending in the target cloud, it can detect according to the on-board detection equipment on the flying device, and according to the detection result, the height where the cold water layer is located can be judged. Among them, the cloud top position of some target clouds contains a supercooled cloud layer. In this application, the on-board detection equipment can realize parameters such as atmospheric meteorological elements (such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc.), cloud droplet particle number concentration and its spectrum type, ice crystal particles, snow crystal and precipitation particle number concentration and their morphological characteristics, and supercooled water distribution.

[0033] 4) The flying device moves to the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer and flies in an irregular ellipse in the horizontal direction to carry out cloud catalysis operation, and obtains the cloud catalysis operation area; in this embodiment, when the flying device conducts cloud catalysis operation, about 8 cold cloud flare strips can be ignited at one time. The silver iodide content in each cold cloud flare strip is 18 g / strip, and the burning time is about 5 minutes. Obvious catalytic physical evidence can be observed by the aircraft. Among them, considering factors such as cloud movement speed, generally the time for the flying device to fly in an irregular ellipse for one circle is about 5 minutes. Therefore, the burning content of silver iodide in all cold cloud flare strips is 0.48 g / s, and this application preferably ranges from 0.45 g / s to 0.50 g / s.

[0034] Further, a first flight trajectory and a second flight trajectory are formed along the extension direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse. Along the extension direction of the wind speed, the first flight trajectory is located behind the second flight trajectory, and the value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: t is the time required for the flying device to fly around an irregular ellipse for one circle, v is the wind speed, and r is the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse; in this embodiment, through the above design, after the cloud seeding operation is performed by the flying device, the position of the cloud seeding operation area can be confirmed, so that the flying device can puncture back and forth to detect the cloud seeding operation area to obtain more accurate cloud microphysical quantity parameters after catalysis. In this application, through the adjustment of the above flight trajectory, the specific position of the cloud seeding operation area in the cloud layer can be obtained. In this application, since the target cloud has a large volume, the wind speed in the cloud mass of the target cloud is relatively stable and slow. Among them, the wind speed in the cloud mass can be detected by on-board detection equipment.

[0035] Further, the first flight trajectory La can be calculated by formula (1), and formula (1) is: La = 2πr + 4(L1 - r); the second flight trajectory Lb can be calculated by formula (2), and formula (2) is: Lb = 2πL2 + 4(r - L2).

[0036] Among them, when the target cloud has a cold water layer and a supercooled cloud layer, the flying device moves to the supercooled cloud layer and flies around in an irregular ellipse along the horizontal direction to carry out cloud seeding operations. In this application, since the supercooled water content in the supercooled cloud layer is greater than that in the cold water layer, when physically catalyzing the supercooled cloud layer, the supercooled water content in the supercooled cloud layer has a more rapid microphysical response to the conversion into ice crystal particles.

[0037] 5) The flying device flies around along the third flight trajectory, and the third flight trajectory intersects with the cloud seeding operation area to obtain the cloud microphysical quantity parameters after catalysis; in this embodiment, a flying method of catalyzing while orbiting and observing can be adopted, which can enable the flying device to fly back into the particle air mass after catalysis in the shortest time, facilitating the timely observation of the microphysical response of cloud droplets to the conversion into ice crystal particles. Among them, the third flight trajectory can be a regular ellipse along the horizontal direction.

[0038] Further, the flying device can puncture back and forth to detect the cloud seeding operation area along the extension direction of the wind speed; that is, the extension direction of the major axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extension direction of the wind speed, so that the length of the major axis of the regular ellipse is greater than or equal to the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse, and the length of the minor axis of the regular ellipse is less than the radius along the direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse. Among them, through the above settings, when the flying device flies around along the regular ellipse and punctures back and forth to detect the cloud seeding operation area, the on-board detection equipment on the flying device can timely detect the cloud seeding operation area, improving the detection accuracy.

[0039] Further, the flying device can penetrate back and forth in the extension direction perpendicular to the wind speed to detect the cloud seeding operation area; that is, the extension direction of the minor axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extension direction of the wind speed. Through the above settings, when the flying device orbits around the regular ellipse and penetrates back and forth through the cloud seeding operation area for detection, the airborne detection device on the flying device can timely detect the cloud seeding operation area, improving the detection accuracy.

[0040] Further, in the horizontal direction, the ratio i of the cross-sectional area of the overlapping part of the third flight trajectory and the cloud seeding operation area to the cross-sectional area of the cloud seeding operation area is: 1 / 3 ≤ i < 1, so that when the flying device orbits along the third flight trajectory for detection, the airborne detection device on the flying device can fully contact the cloud cluster particles in the cloud seeding operation area, improving the detection accuracy.

[0041] 6) The flying device spirally descends in the up and down direction below the cloud seeding operation area to the lowest safe height, and the detection ends. Among them, after the flying device detects the cloud seeding operation area, it can start spirally descending from the operation layer to detect the falling ice crystal particles formed after the seeding operation, observe the growth of the ice crystal particles formed after the cloud seeding, and study the growth mechanism of the ice crystal particles in the cloud seeding operation.

[0042] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, when the flying device orbits in the opposite direction to the extension direction of the wind speed on the first flight trajectory, the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

[0043] In this embodiment, through the above settings, when the flying device is at the starting point on the first flight trajectory in the opposite direction to the extension direction of the wind speed for flight atomization, the first flight trajectory is La = 2πr + 3tv, and the optional range of the second flight trajectory is Lb = 2πL2 + 4(r - L2). At this time, when the flying device atomizes by orbiting around the first flight trajectory and the second flight trajectory for one circle, the operation position of the starting point of the cloud seeding operation area after drifting can be calculated by the above formula when the flying device stops atomizing. Among them, the shortest distance from the operation position of the starting point of the cloud seeding operation area after drifting to the center of the irregular ellipse is r, so as to facilitate the subsequent flying device to accurately control the flight operation range when penetrating back and forth to detect the cloud seeding operation area, and achieve accurate measurement and improve the measurement efficiency, etc.

[0044] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, when the flying device conducts circular flight on the second flight trajectory in the extending direction of the wind speed, the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

[0045] In this embodiment, through the above settings, when the flying device conducts flight atomization at the starting point in the extending direction of the wind speed on the second flight trajectory, the second flight trajectory is The optional range of the first flight trajectory is La = 2πr + 4(L1 - r). At this time, when the flying device conducts atomization by flying around the second flight trajectory and the first flight trajectory for one circle, the operation position of the starting point of the cloud seeding operation area after drifting can be calculated by the above formula when the flying device stops atomization. Among them, the shortest distance from the operation position of the starting point of the cloud seeding operation area after drifting to the center of the irregular ellipse is r, which is convenient for the subsequent flying device to accurately control the flight operation range when piercing back and forth to detect the cloud seeding operation area, so as to achieve accurate measurement and improve measurement efficiency, etc.

[0046] In summary, through the above technical solutions, the position of the cloud seeding operation area obtained after cloud seeding operation on the target cloud can be accurately controlled by adjusting the flight trajectory of the flying device during the cloud seeding operation, and then the flying device can accurately detect the cloud seeding operation area to improve the detection accuracy.

[0047] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any regard, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect of a target cloud, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1, obtaining the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud; Step 2, the flying device moves to the cold water layer or the supercooled cloud layer, and flies around in an irregular ellipse in the horizontal direction and performs cloud catalysis operations to obtain a cloud catalysis operation area; wherein a first flight trajectory and a second flight trajectory are formed along an extension direction perpendicular to the wind speed and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse; Step 3, the flight device flies around along a third flight trajectory, wherein the third flight trajectory intersects the cloud catalysis operation area, and obtains the microphysical quantity parameters of the cloud after catalysis; Step 4: The flight equipment hovers and descends in the up and down direction below the cloud catalysis operation area to the minimum safe altitude, and the detection is completed; Along the extension direction of the wind speed, the first flight trajectory is located in front of the second flight trajectory, and the value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: t is the time required for the flying device to fly one circle along the irregular ellipse, v is the wind speed, and r is the radius of the circle perpendicular to the wind speed direction and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse.

2. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the flying device performs a circular flight in the opposite direction to the extension direction of the wind speed on the first flight trajectory, the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

3. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the flying device performs a circular flight on the second flight trajectory toward the extension direction of the wind speed, the shortest distance L2 from the second flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is: The value range of the longest distance L1 from the first flight trajectory to the center of the irregular ellipse is:

4. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also included in step 1: Step 11: Obtain the target cloud's catalytic operation area and maximum altitude; Step 12: The flight equipment moves to the minimum safe altitude below the area to be catalyzed, and obtains the cloud bottom position of the area to be catalyzed; Step 13: The flight device moves to the cloud bottom and flies in a spiral up and down direction to the highest altitude to obtain the cold water layer or supercooled cloud layer of the target cloud.

5. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The third flight trajectory is a regular ellipse along the horizontal direction, and the extension direction of the major semi-axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extension direction of the wind speed; or, the extension direction of the minor semi-axis of the regular ellipse is the same as the extension direction of the wind speed; The length of the major semi-axis of the regular ellipse is greater than or equal to the radius of a circle perpendicular to the wind speed direction and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse; The length of the minor semi-axis of the regular ellipse is smaller than the radius of a circle perpendicular to the wind speed direction and passing through the center of the irregular ellipse.

6. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio i of the cross-sectional area of ​​the overlapping portion of the third flight trajectory and the cloud catalysis operation area to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cloud catalysis operation area is: 1 / 3≤i<1.

7. A physical detection method for the catalytic effect on a target cloud as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the target cloud has a cold water layer and a supercooled cloud layer, the flight device moves to the supercooled cloud layer, flies in an irregular ellipse in the horizontal direction, and performs cloud catalysis operations.

Images