Data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments

Abstract

The present invention proposes a data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments, and relates to the technical field of automatic line patrol equipment for photovoltaic stations; the device and method include: a plurality of device nodes, which are distributed at different positions of a mountain body other than the top of a mountain; a plurality of device nodes are provided with data sending units correspondingly, and the data sending units obtain operation data at the device nodes; a plurality of autonomous patrol units, which are used for regularly patrolling a plurality of device nodes; a trajectory planning unit, which pre-sets operation trajectories passing through a plurality of device nodes for the autonomous patrol units; a data acquisition unit, which is provided on the plurality of autonomous patrol units, is communicatively connected with the data sending units, and is used for collecting operation data sent by the data sending units at each device node on the operation trajectory, and converting and processing the operation data to determine whether the device nodes are working normally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic line patrol equipment for photovoltaic stations, and in particular to a data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis for mountainous environments. Background Art

[0002] During the operation and maintenance of centralized photovoltaic stations, it is necessary to conduct regular inspections and maintenance of photovoltaic modules, inverters, box transformers, protection equipment, transmission lines, distribution equipment, and metering equipment to promptly detect equipment failures and eliminate defects to ensure the normal operation of the equipment, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the power station. Abnormal equipment operation will have a significant impact on the production efficiency of the power station, such as reduced power generation efficiency, increased safety risks, shortened equipment life, equipment damage, and data anomalies, which will lead to reduced power station revenue and increased operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] Due to the harsh mountainous environment and complex and changeable climate, the traditional manual operation and maintenance often leads to difficulties in inspection, poor timeliness, and untimely feedback of management data. The operation and management mode can no longer meet the operational needs, and it is imperative to explore new operation and maintenance modes. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments, which can perform repetitive line inspection tasks of new energy stations, meet the multi-mode compatible protocol requirements on site, realize feedback on equipment operation status, equipment fault judgment and real-time operation data transmission, and facilitate remote managers to obtain the operation status of photovoltaic equipment in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a data acquisition device and method that can perform regular and automatic maintenance on different equipment in mountain photovoltaic stations, determine whether the equipment is in a reliable working state, and is suitable for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive parsing in mountainous environments, comprising:

[0006] A plurality of equipment nodes are distributed at different locations of the mountain body other than the mountain top; a data sending unit is correspondingly arranged at each of the equipment nodes, and the data sending unit obtains the operation data at the equipment nodes;

[0007] Several autonomous inspection units, used to regularly inspect several equipment nodes;

[0008] The trajectory planning unit pre-sets the running trajectory of the autonomous inspection unit passing through several equipment nodes;

[0009] The data collection unit is arranged on a plurality of autonomous inspection units and is in communication connection with the data sending unit. The data collection unit is used to collect the operation data sent by the data sending unit at each device node on the operation track, and convert and process the operation data to determine whether the device node is operating normally.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the communication protocols used by the data sending units at the several device nodes are not completely the same; the type of the device node is one of a photovoltaic power generation device, a DC bus, a DC bus, an inverter device or an AC power distribution device, and each device node has a unique type code and device code.

[0011] Preferably, the work content of the trajectory planning unit is:

[0012] 1) Set the DC bus as the main path, select a device node with a photovoltaic power generation device as the starting point of the main path, and set the device node with an AC distribution cabinet device as the end point of the main path;

[0013] 2) Set up a side path, build a side path that intersects with the device nodes on the trunk path, and each side path passes through at least two device nodes on the non-trunk path; the side path extends outward in the order of distance from the trunk path from small to large;

[0014] 3) Construct several running trajectories, each with a different starting point and end point; the main path is a separate running trajectory; the running trajectory intersecting the main path includes at least one side path;

[0015] 4) Different autonomous patrol units pass through the same device node on the trunk path at different times. The autonomous patrol unit whose running trajectory has a higher overlap with the device nodes on the trunk path has a higher passing priority;

[0016] 5) The cumulative number of device nodes on the trunk path that all running trajectories repeatedly pass through is the least.

[0017] Further preferably, the several autonomous inspection units are drones, or inspection robots that move along overhead lines at several equipment nodes, and the layout of the overhead lines is the same as the distribution of each operating track.

[0018] Further preferably, the data sending unit has a built-in clock; the data sending unit periodically sends the operation data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent autonomous inspection unit, or sends the operation data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent device node; the data sending unit also temporarily stores the operation data.

[0019] Further preferably, the data acquisition unit includes several data transmission protocol parsers; the several data transmission protocol parsers are used to perform protocol adaptation, file transfer and data parsing on data formats of different protocols generated by device nodes, and the parsed data are aggregated to obtain operating data with a unified format, and the corresponding fields in the operating data are filled with the instantaneous power data of the corresponding equipment. If there is no corresponding equipment, the corresponding fields of the operating data are filled with default characters, so that the average length of the operating data obtained by different data acquisition units remains consistent.

[0020] Further preferably, the data acquisition unit determines whether the device node is working normally, specifically including the following contents:

[0021] Step 1) The data transmission unit of the device node collects the operation data at the set sampling interval according to the built-in clock. The data transmission unit stores the operation data at the sampling time locally and transmits the data forward and backward along the trunk path or branch path up to N The data sending unit is used to copy the data of the device node: the data sending unit is provided with a first storage space and a second storage space, and the first storage space is used to store the current device node A The first operation data at different sampling times, the second storage space is used to receive and store the data sending unit of the adjacent device node to copy to the current device node A The first running data of

[0022] If the current device node A is the intersection of the trunk path and the branch path, then the forward and backward adjacent nodes on the trunk path and the branch path are N / 2 device node data sending unit performs a copy of the first running data. If the current device node A If the node is on the main path or the branch path and is not the intersection of the running track, it will only move forward on the current running track. N / 2 Neighboring device nodes or backward N / 2 The adjacent device nodes perform a copy of the first operation data, N ≥2; the sampling interval of the data sending unit is less than the period of regular inspection of the autonomous inspection unit;

[0023] Step 2) The autonomous inspection unit arrives at the current device node along the running trajectory A When the device node A Communicate with the data sending unit to obtain the current device node A Several first operation data saved in sequence and sent to adjacent device nodes A nei CC first run data;

[0024] Step 3) The data collection unit establishes the current device node according to the collection time A and adjacent device nodes A nei The form corresponding to the first operation data of the device node is used to confirm the integrity of the corresponding field content of the first operation data according to the type code and device code of the device node in the form:

[0025] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is complete and legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data collection is successful, and the autonomous inspection unit moves to the next adjacent device node along the operation trajectory and repeats the contents of step 2) and step 3);

[0026] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content is completed within the maximum number of retries allowed, and the field content is legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data collection is successful, and the autonomous inspection unit moves to the next adjacent device node along the operation trajectory and repeats the contents of step 2) and step 3);

[0027] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content has not been supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed, or the field content supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed is illegal, which means t Current device node at this moment A The first run data collection fails, jump to step 4);

[0028] If in t Time adjacent device nodes A nei Corresponding to the current device node received A If the first running data copied is missing, jump to step 5);

[0029] Step 4) The data acquisition unit moves to the adjacent device node A nei At the adjacent device node A nei The data sending unit communicates with the device node and obtains and filters out the device node. A Copy to adjacent device nodes at different sampling times A nei Device node AThe first run data, if at least M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei The first run data of the device node is missing or the data is illegal. A There is a fault and the device node needs to be A Perform maintenance and mark the device node A It is the first type of failure; if it is less than M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei If the first run data of is missing, the device node is not considered A There is a fault; , The time interval for regular inspections by the autonomous inspection unit, is the sampling interval of the data sending unit, It is the rounding operation;

[0030] Step 5) Confirm the adjacent device nodes A nei Get the current device node A The frequency of missing data in the first run of CC, if the neighboring device node A nei If the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing discontinuously, and the first running data missing probability is less than the missing probability threshold, then the adjacent device node is not considered A nei Get the current device node A The first run data of the CC process is unstable; if the adjacent device node A nei If the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing continuously and the missing probability is not less than the missing probability threshold, the signal strength is determined to determine the adjacent device node A nei Check whether the received signal strength meets the requirements. If so, it is confirmed as a device node. A Failure, marking device node A This is the first type of fault; if the received signal strength does not meet the requirements, the device node is marked A This is the second type of fault, and maintenance is carried out according to different fault types.

[0031] More preferably, the specific content of determining the signal strength is: let the device node A The transmission loss is , satisfying the following formula: , is the frequency of the transmitted signal, in megahertz; is the height of the receiving antenna, in meters; is the transmitting antenna height in meters; is the distance between adjacent device nodes, in kilometers; receiving antenna height correction factor ; It is the mountain influence factor.

[0032] Further preferably, the field content is complete and legal, and satisfies the following conditions according to the type of device node: instantaneous power on the DC bus > instantaneous power on the output side of the inverter > instantaneous power of a single AC distribution device; instantaneous power on the DC bus > instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device of any side path > instantaneous power on the output side of the DC bus device of the same side path.

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a data acquisition method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Configuring the above-mentioned data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments;

[0035] S2: Plan the running tracks of each autonomous patrol unit so that at least one autonomous patrol unit is configured at the starting end of each running track;

[0036] S3: Data sending units at several device nodes at sampling intervals The operation data is collected to form the first operation data stored at the current device node and the first operation data copied to the adjacent device node for backup; the autonomous inspection unit performs regular inspections according to the set intervals. , communicate with each device node on the planned operation trajectory in turn, determine whether the device node has a fault, and determine whether the fault type is a first-type fault or a second-type fault;

[0037] S4: The first type of fault means that the device node can establish communication with the autonomous inspection unit, but the data sending unit cannot obtain valid operating data or the obtained operating data is illegal, and the maintenance personnel need to be prompted to check and repair the equipment of the device node;

[0038] S5: The second type of fault indicates that there is a communication problem between adjacent device nodes. It is necessary to confirm the signal transmission loss status between at least two adjacent device nodes. If the transmission loss is too large, it is necessary to adjust the antenna height, direction or transmission power.

[0039] The data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0040] (1) The trajectory planning unit sets the patrol operation trajectory for each autonomous patrol unit, which can cover all device nodes, so that the autonomous patrol units do not interfere with each other, and collect the operation data of the device nodes at each sampling point within the sampling interval. The operation data collected by the device nodes is redundantly backed up at the adjacent device nodes to minimize the risk of operation data loss;

[0041] (2) Rules are configured to determine whether the device node is working normally. If the operating data of the device node is continuously missing or the abnormality reaches a certain level, the type of fault is determined and the corresponding maintenance strategy is proposed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the path planning of the trajectory planning unit of the data acquisition device and method for multi-protocol adaptive parsing in mountainous environments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] On the one hand, the present invention provides a data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive parsing in mountainous environments, comprising:

[0047] Several equipment nodes are distributed at different locations of the mountain body other than the mountain top; data sending units are set up at corresponding locations of several equipment nodes, and the data sending units obtain the operating data at the equipment nodes; the equipment nodes correspond to different components of the mountain photovoltaic field station, such as photovoltaic power generation devices for power generation, DC converging devices for centralized convergence of electric energy, DC busbars, inverter devices for converting DC signals into AC, and AC distribution devices for distributing AC power; each equipment node is configured with a unique type code and equipment code for distinction. In order to facilitate the distinction of equipment nodes at different locations, the unique type code and equipment code can quickly locate the type and location of the equipment node, thereby determining the current location of the autonomous inspection unit.

[0048] A plurality of autonomous inspection units are used to regularly inspect a plurality of equipment nodes; in this embodiment, the plurality of autonomous inspection units are drones, or inspection robots that move along overhead lines at a plurality of equipment nodes.

[0049] The trajectory planning unit pre-sets the running trajectory for the autonomous inspection unit passing through several equipment nodes.

[0050] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the work content of the trajectory planning unit is:

[0051] 1) Set the DC bus as the main path, select a device node with a photovoltaic power generation device as the starting point of the main path, and set the device node with an AC distribution cabinet device as the end point of the main path; that is, Figure 2 The vertical ST1-ST2-ST3-ST4-ST5-ST6 in the.

[0052] 2) Set up a side path, build a side path that intersects with the device nodes on the trunk path, and each side path passes through at least two device nodes on the non-trunk path; the side path extends outward in the order of distance from the trunk path from small to large; Figure 2 The middle branch paths are ST2-BR2-BR1, ST3-BR3-BR4, ST4-BR6-BR5, ST5-BR8-BR7 and ST5-BR9-BR10 extending outward from the main path.

[0053] 3) Construct several running trajectories, each with a different starting point and end point; the main path is a separate running trajectory; the running trajectory intersecting the main path includes at least one branch path; Figure 2 As shown, the trunk path is an independent running track; the branch paths can be merged according to the intersection positions with the trunk path to form four running tracks, namely ST2-BR2-BR1, ST3-BR3-BR4, ST4-BR6-BR5 and BR7-BR8-ST5-BR9-BR10.

[0054] 4) Different autonomous patrol units pass through the same device node on the trunk path at different times. The autonomous patrol unit whose running trajectory has a higher overlap with the device nodes on the trunk path has a higher passing priority;

[0055] 5) The cumulative number of device nodes on the trunk path that all running trajectories repeatedly pass through is the least. This method can minimize the interference with the running trajectories corresponding to the trunk path and better stagger the time of passing through the same device node.

[0056] If the autonomous inspection unit uses an inspection robot, the layout of the overhead lines that constitute the movement path of the inspection robot is the same as the distribution of each running track. If the autonomous inspection unit uses a drone, the projection of the drone's flight path coincides with the running track constructed by the above content.

[0057] The data collection unit is arranged on a plurality of autonomous inspection units and is in communication connection with the data sending unit. The data collection unit is used to collect the operation data sent by the data sending unit at each device node on the operation track, and convert and process the operation data to determine whether the device node is operating normally.

[0058] The data sending unit has a built-in clock; the data sending unit periodically sends the operating data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent autonomous inspection unit, or sends the operating data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent device node; the data sending unit also temporarily stores the operating data. When the autonomous inspection unit passes by the device node where the data sending unit is located, the data collection unit will stop and issue a communication request to establish a communication connection with the data sending unit. The data sending unit will sequentially send the cached operating data for a period of time to the data collection unit of the autonomous inspection unit.

[0059] Since the types of device nodes are not exactly the same, the means of collecting operating data are also not exactly the same, and different collection methods may involve different communication protocols. Therefore, the data sent by the data sending unit at the device node and the protocol used are not completely consistent, such as API, MQTT, TCP, IEC104 or FTPS. After the data collection unit establishes a connection, it will adaptively switch different protocols and then convert and encode the data format to form operating data in a unified format.

[0060] The data acquisition unit includes several data transmission protocol parsers; the several data transmission protocol parsers are used to perform protocol adaptation, file transfer and data parsing on the data formats of different protocols generated by the device nodes, and the parsed data are summarized to obtain operation data with a unified format, and the corresponding fields in the operation data are filled with the instantaneous power data of the corresponding equipment. If there is no corresponding equipment, the corresponding fields of the operation data are filled with default characters, so that the average length of the operation data obtained by different data acquisition units is consistent. Each data transmission protocol parser is used to adapt one or more communication protocols used by the data sending unit.

[0061] The data acquisition unit determines whether the device node is working normally, including the following:

[0062] Step 1) The data transmission unit of the device node collects the operation data at the set sampling interval according to the built-in clock. The data transmission unit stores the operation data at the sampling time locally and transmits the data forward and backward along the trunk path or branch path up to N The data sending unit is used to copy the data of the device node: the data sending unit is provided with a first storage space and a second storage space, and the first storage space is used to store the current device node A The first operation data at different sampling times, the second storage space is used to receive and store the data sending unit of the adjacent device node to copy to the current device node A The first running data of

[0063] If the current device node A is the intersection of the trunk path and the branch path, then the forward and backward adjacent nodes on the trunk path and the branch path are N / 2 device node data sending unit performs a copy of the first running data. If the current device node A If the node is on the main path or the branch path and is not the intersection of the running track, it will only move forward on the current running track. N / 2 Neighboring device nodes or backward N / 2 The adjacent device nodes perform a copy of the first operation data, N ≥2; the sampling interval of the data sending unit is less than the period of regular inspection of the autonomous inspection unit; the copying of the operating data can achieve the purpose of neighbor backup. The quantity and quality of neighbor backup determine whether the communication function between adjacent data sending units is smooth.

[0064] Step 2) The autonomous inspection unit arrives at the current device node along the running trajectory A When the device node A Communicate with the data sending unit to obtain the current device node A Several first operation data saved in sequence and sent to adjacent device nodesA nei First run data of CC.

[0065] Step 3) The data collection unit establishes the current device node according to the collection time A and adjacent device nodes A nei The form corresponding to the first operation data of the device node is used to confirm the integrity of the corresponding field content of the first operation data according to the type code and device code of the device node in the form:

[0066] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is complete and legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data is collected successfully, and the autonomous inspection unit moves along the operation trajectory to the next adjacent device node and repeats the contents of steps 2) and 3); this situation indicates that the data transmission is reliable, and each field of the operation data is complete and clear, indicating that the data sending unit functions normally and the network is unobstructed.

[0067] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content is completed within the maximum number of retries allowed, and the field content is legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data collection is successful, and the autonomous inspection unit moves along the operation trajectory to the next adjacent device node and repeats the contents of steps 2) and 3); this clearly shows that the data collection and transmission process of the data sending unit is relatively reliable and tolerable.

[0068] If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content has not been supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed, or the field content supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed is illegal, which means t Current device node at this moment A The first run data collection fails, jump to step 4); this situation indicates that the data collection process of the data sending unit is not stable, or there is a fault in the collected device itself that requires further analysis.

[0069] If in t Time adjacent device nodes A nei Corresponding to the current device node received AIf the first running data copied is missing, jump to step 5); this situation indicates that the communication between the current device node and the adjacent device node may be unstable and further analysis is required.

[0070] Step 4) The data acquisition unit moves to the adjacent device node A nei At the adjacent device node A nei The data sending unit communicates with the device node and obtains and filters out the device node. A Copy to adjacent device nodes at different sampling times A nei Device node A The first run data, if at least M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei The first run data of the device node is missing or the data is illegal. A There is a fault and the device node needs to be A Perform maintenance and mark the device node A It is the first type of failure; if it is less than M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei If the first run data of is missing, the device node is not considered A There is a fault; , The time interval for regular inspections by the autonomous inspection unit, is the sampling interval of the data sending unit, This is a round-up operation.

[0071] Step 4) Determine whether the device node A Is the failure rate of continuous sampling of the data sending unit greater than or equal to the threshold? M If so, it indicates that the device node A There is indeed a fault. If the failure probability of consecutive sampling is less than the threshold M , indicating that packet loss or failure in the data collection and transmission process of the sending unit can be tolerated.

[0072] Step 5) Confirm the adjacent device nodes A nei Get the current device node A The frequency of missing data in the first run of CC, if the neighboring device node A neiIf the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing discontinuously, and the first running data missing probability is less than the missing probability threshold, then the adjacent device node is not considered A nei Get the current device node A The first run data of the CC process is unstable; if the adjacent device node A nei If the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing continuously and the missing probability is not less than the missing probability threshold, the signal strength is determined to determine the adjacent device node A nei Check whether the received signal strength meets the requirements. If so, it is confirmed as a device node. A Failure, marking device node A This is the first type of fault; if the received signal strength does not meet the requirements, the device node is marked A This is the second type of fault, and maintenance is carried out according to different fault types.

[0073] In this embodiment, the adjacent device node cannot stably receive the current device node. A If the first running data copied is not less than the missing probability threshold, it is necessary to calculate whether the signal transmission loss is reasonable. The specific content of judging the signal strength is: let the device node A The transmission loss is , satisfying the following formula: , is the frequency of the transmitted signal, in megahertz; is the height of the receiving antenna, in meters; is the transmitting antenna height in meters; is the distance between adjacent device nodes, in kilometers; receiving antenna height correction factor ; is the mountain influence factor. If the transmission loss is calculated If it exceeds 20db, it is considered that there is obvious signal attenuation and the height, direction or transmission power of the transmitting antenna needs to be adjusted; if it does not exceed 20dB, it indicates that the signal transmission loss is acceptable. If the transmission power of the transmitting antenna needs to be adjusted, increase the transmission power by 10% before the most recent adjustment, repeat the above calculation, and if it still does not meet the requirements, increase the transmission power of the transmitting antenna again until the signal attenuation between adjacent device nodes does not exceed 20dB.

[0074] The fields mentioned in step 3) above are complete and legal. Based on the different types of device nodes, the instantaneous power on the DC bus > the instantaneous power on the output side of the inverter > the instantaneous power of a single AC distribution device; the instantaneous power on the DC bus > the instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device in any side path > the instantaneous power on the output side of the DC bus device in the same side path.

[0075] For mountain photovoltaic stations, the instantaneous power of different equipment nodes involves many factors, but from the power generation side, busbar to the AC distribution device, it is affected by the power factors and losses of energy conversion and follows a certain pattern as a whole.

[0076] For photovoltaic power generation devices, the instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device = solar radiation intensity × area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation device × efficiency of the photovoltaic module × weather impact factor. At different times during the day, the instantaneous power of the photovoltaic power generation device is not exactly the same.

[0077] For the DC busbar, the instantaneous power on the output side of the DC busbar = the instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device - the power loss of the DC busbar box. Therefore, the instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device > the instantaneous power on the output side of the DC busbar.

[0078] For the DC bus, the instantaneous power at each point of the DC bus is equal. However, due to the existence of multiple paths, the instantaneous power of the bus is greater than the instantaneous power at the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device and the instantaneous power at the output side of the DC bus device on any branch path.

[0079] The inverter device is used to convert the DC signal on the DC bus into AC. Taking the power factor and loss into consideration, the relationship of instantaneous power on the DC bus > instantaneous power on the output side of the inverter device is satisfied.

[0080] Similarly, the AC distribution device is used for AC power output. Considering the line and equipment losses, there is a relationship that the instantaneous power on the output side of the inverter device is greater than the instantaneous power of a single AC distribution device.

[0081] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the present invention also provides a data acquisition method for multi-protocol adaptive parsing in a mountainous environment, comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1: A data acquisition device configured for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments;

[0083] S2: Plan the running tracks of each autonomous patrol unit so that at least one autonomous patrol unit is configured at the starting end of each running track;

[0084] S3: Data sending units at several device nodes at sampling intervals The operation data is collected to form the first operation data stored at the current device node and the first operation data copied to the adjacent device node for backup; the autonomous inspection unit performs regular inspections according to the set intervals. , communicate with each device node on the planned operation trajectory in turn, determine whether the device node has a fault, and determine whether the fault type is a first-type fault or a second-type fault;

[0085] S4: The first type of fault means that the device node can establish communication with the autonomous inspection unit, but the data sending unit cannot obtain valid operating data or the obtained operating data is illegal, and the maintenance personnel need to be prompted to check and repair the equipment of the device node;

[0086] S5: The second type of fault indicates that there is a communication problem between adjacent device nodes. It is necessary to confirm the signal transmission loss status between at least two adjacent device nodes. If the transmission loss is too large, it is necessary to adjust the antenna height, direction or transmission power.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments, characterized in that: include: A plurality of equipment nodes are distributed at different locations of the mountain body other than the mountain top; a data sending unit is correspondingly arranged at each of the equipment nodes, and the data sending unit obtains the operation data at the equipment nodes; Several autonomous inspection units, used to regularly inspect several equipment nodes; The trajectory planning unit pre-sets the running trajectory of the autonomous inspection unit passing through several equipment nodes; The data collection unit is arranged on a plurality of autonomous inspection units and is in communication connection with the data sending unit, and is used to collect the operation data sent by the data sending unit at each device node on the operation track, and convert and process the operation data to determine whether the device node is working normally; The communication protocols used by the data sending units at the plurality of device nodes are not completely the same; the type of the device node is one of a photovoltaic power generation device, a DC busbar, an inverter device or an AC power distribution device, and each device node has a unique type code and device code; The work content of the trajectory planning unit is: 1) Set the DC bus as the main path, select a device node with a photovoltaic power generation device as the starting point of the main path, and set the device node with an AC distribution cabinet device as the end point of the main path; 2) Set up a side path, build a side path that intersects with the device nodes on the trunk path, and each side path passes through at least two device nodes on the non-trunk path; the side path extends outward in the order of distance from the trunk path from small to large; 3) Construct several running trajectories, each with a different starting point and end point; the main path is a separate running trajectory; the running trajectory intersecting the main path includes at least one side path; 4) Different autonomous patrol units pass through the same device node on the trunk path at different times. The autonomous patrol unit whose running trajectory has a higher overlap with the device nodes on the trunk path has a higher passing priority; 5) The cumulative number of device nodes on the trunk path that all running trajectories repeatedly pass through is the least.

2. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The several autonomous inspection units are drones, or inspection robots that move along overhead lines at several equipment nodes, and the layout of the overhead lines is the same as the distribution of each running track.

3. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data sending unit has a built-in clock; the data sending unit periodically sends the operation data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent autonomous inspection unit, or sends the operation data of the device node where it is located to the adjacent device node; the data sending unit also temporarily stores the operation data.

4. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit includes several data transmission protocol parsers; the several data transmission protocol parsers are used to perform protocol adaptation, file transfer and data analysis on the data formats of different protocols generated by the device nodes. The parsed data are summarized to obtain operating data with a unified format. The corresponding fields in the operating data are filled with the instantaneous power data of the corresponding equipment. If there is no corresponding equipment, the corresponding fields of the operating data are filled with default characters, so that the average length of the operating data obtained by different data acquisition units remains consistent.

5. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit determines whether the device node is working normally, including the following: Step 1) The data transmission unit of the device node collects the operation data at the set sampling interval according to the built-in clock. The data transmission unit stores the operation data at the sampling time locally and transmits the data forward and backward along the trunk path or branch path up to N The data sending unit is used to copy the data of the device node: the data sending unit is provided with a first storage space and a second storage space, and the first storage space is used to store the current device node A The first operation data at different sampling times, the second storage space is used to receive and store the data sending unit of the adjacent device node to copy to the current device node A The first running data of If the current device node A is the intersection of the trunk path and the branch path, then the forward and backward adjacent nodes on the trunk path and the branch path are N / 2 device node data sending unit performs a copy of the first running data. If the current device node A If the node is on the main path or the branch path and is not the intersection of the running track, it will only move forward on the current running track. N / 2 Neighboring device nodes or backward N / 2 The adjacent device nodes perform a copy of the first operation data, N ≥2; the sampling interval of the data sending unit is less than the period of regular inspection of the autonomous inspection unit; Step 2) The autonomous inspection unit arrives at the current device node along the running trajectory A When the device node A Communicate with the data sending unit to obtain the current device node A Several first operation data saved in sequence and sent to adjacent device nodes A nei CC first run data; Step 3) The data collection unit establishes the current device node according to the collection time A and adjacent device nodes A nei The form corresponding to the first operation data of the device node is used to confirm the integrity of the corresponding field content of the first operation data according to the type code and device code of the device node in the form: If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is complete and legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data collection is successful, and the autonomous inspection unit moves to the next adjacent device node along the operation trajectory and repeats the contents of step 2) and step 3); If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content is completed within the maximum number of retries allowed, and the field content is legal, indicating t Current device node at this moment A The first operation data collection is successful, and the autonomous inspection unit moves to the next adjacent device node along the operation trajectory and repeats the contents of step 2) and step 3); If in t Current device node at this moment A The corresponding field content is missing, and the missing field content has not been supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed, or the field content supplemented within the maximum number of retries allowed is illegal, which means t Current device node at this moment A The first run data collection fails, jump to step 4); If in t Time adjacent device nodes A nei Corresponding to the current device node received A If the first running data copied is missing, jump to step 5); Step 4) The data acquisition unit moves to the adjacent device node A nei At the adjacent device node A nei The data sending unit communicates with the device node and obtains and filters out the device node. A Copy to adjacent device nodes at different sampling times A nei Device node A The first run data, if at least M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei The first run data of the device node is missing or the data is illegal. A There is a fault and the device node needs to be A Perform maintenance and mark the device node A It is the first type of fault; If less than M Continuous time device nodes A The local first run data is copied to the adjacent device node A nei If the first run data of is missing, the device node is not considered A There is a fault; , The time interval for regular inspections by the autonomous inspection unit, is the sampling interval of the data sending unit, It is the rounding operation; Step 5) Confirm the adjacent device nodes A nei Get the current device node A The frequency of missing data in the first run of CC, if the neighboring device node A nei If the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing discontinuously, and the first running data missing probability is less than the missing probability threshold, then the adjacent device node is not considered A nei Get the current device node A The first run data of the CC process is unstable; if the adjacent device node A nei If the first running data of the copy obtained in the second storage space is missing continuously and the missing probability is not less than the missing probability threshold, the signal strength is determined to determine the adjacent device node A nei Check whether the received signal strength meets the requirements. If so, it is confirmed as a device node. A Failure, marking device node A This is the first type of fault; if the received signal strength does not meet the requirements, the device node is marked A This is the second type of fault, and maintenance is carried out according to different fault types.

6. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific content of judging the signal strength is as follows: A The transmission loss is , satisfying the following formula: , is the frequency of the transmitted signal in megahertz; is the height of the receiving antenna, in meters; is the transmitting antenna height in meters; is the distance between adjacent device nodes, in kilometers; receiving antenna height correction factor ; It is the mountain influence factor.

7. The data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The content of the field is complete and legal, and is based on the different types of device nodes, satisfying the following conditions: instantaneous power on the DC bus > instantaneous power on the output side of the inverter > instantaneous power on a single AC distribution device; instantaneous power on the DC bus > instantaneous power on the output side of the photovoltaic power generation device on any side branch path > instantaneous power on the output side of the DC bus device on the same side branch path.

8. A data acquisition method for multi-protocol adaptive analysis in mountainous environments, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: configuring a data acquisition device for multi-protocol adaptive parsing for mountainous environments as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; S2: Plan the operation tracks of each autonomous patrol unit so that at least one autonomous patrol unit is configured at the starting end of each operation track; S3: Data sending units at several device nodes at sampling intervals Performing operation data collection to form first operation data stored at the current device node and first operation data copied to adjacent device nodes for backup; The autonomous inspection unit performs regular inspections according to the set intervals. , communicate with each device node on the planned operation trajectory in turn, determine whether the device node has a fault, and determine whether the fault type is a first-type fault or a second-type fault; S4: The first type of fault means that the device node can establish communication with the autonomous inspection unit, but the data sending unit cannot obtain valid operating data or the obtained operating data is illegal, and the maintenance personnel need to be prompted to check and repair the equipment of the device node; S5: The second type of fault indicates that there is a communication problem between adjacent device nodes. It is necessary to confirm the signal transmission loss status between at least two adjacent device nodes. If the transmission loss is too large, it is necessary to adjust the antenna height, direction or transmission power.

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