Low temperature smoke evacuation system and low temperature adsorption system

Abstract

The application discloses a low-temperature flue gas discharging system and a low-temperature adsorption system, and relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a low-temperature flue gas discharging system and a low-temperature adsorption system. The low-temperature flue gas discharging system comprises a flue gas discharging pipe and a buffer, the flue gas discharging pipe is provided with a gas outlet and a plurality of gas inlets, the plurality of gas inlets are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the flue gas discharging pipe, the inner diameter of the flue gas discharging pipe gradually increases or increases in steps along the flow direction of low-temperature clean flue gas to the gas outlet, the temperature of the low-temperature clean flue gas is below room temperature, the buffer is arranged at the gas inlet close to the gas outlet of the flue gas discharging pipe, the buffer buffers the flue gas flow entering the flue gas discharging pipe, and the flue gas flow velocity at the gas inlet downstream is reduced to a certain extent, so that the flue gas flow velocities at the plurality of gas inlets are balanced, the uniformity of the airflow distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment bin is optimized, the flue gas flow in each low-temperature flue gas treatment bin is more uniform, and the flue gas treatment effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas adsorption technology, and in particular to a low-temperature flue gas output system and a low-temperature adsorption system. Background Technology

[0002] The basic principle of low-temperature flue gas adsorption technology is to cool the flue gas to a temperature below room temperature, and then remove pollutant components from the flue gas through adsorption. In low-temperature adsorption, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is increased several times in a low-temperature environment, which greatly improves the adsorption and purification rate compared with conventional high-temperature flue gas adsorption, and can achieve near-zero emissions of flue gas.

[0003] Related technologies employ low-temperature adsorption towers to purify low-temperature flue gas. Each tower contains a low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber, within which adsorption beds for purifying the flue gas are stacked. To improve flue gas treatment efficiency, these technologies propose arranging multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers in parallel. A low-temperature flue gas supply system delivers flue gas to each chamber, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet system draws the purified flue gas from each chamber out. However, due to the different locations of the chambers, the length of the path for the purified flue gas output from each chamber within the low-temperature flue gas outlet system varies, resulting in inconsistent exhaust velocities and uneven flow distribution of the flue gas within each chamber. This uneven distribution negatively impacts the overall flue gas treatment effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention is based on the inventor's discoveries and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0005] The inventors used CFD numerical simulation to simulate the flow field of a cryogenic flue gas supply system that delivers flue gas to each of the parallel cryogenic flue gas treatment chambers, analyzing the uniformity of airflow distribution in each chamber within the flue gas adsorption system. As a model, the flue gas adsorption system comprises sixteen cryogenic flue gas treatment chambers, and the cryogenic flue gas outlet system includes four outlet pipes. Each outlet pipe is used to output flue gas from four vertically stacked cryogenic flue gas treatment chambers. The outlet of the outlet pipe is located in the middle of the outlet pipe; that is, of the four inlets of the outlet pipe, two inlets are located above the outlet, and the other two inlets are located below the outlet.

[0006] Figure 6 The flow velocity of the bed cross-section in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber is displayed. Figure 7 The diagram shows the flue gas flow lines of the four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers in the vertical direction. Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the flow rate of flue gas in the middle two low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers is significantly higher, while the flow rate in the top and bottom low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers is significantly lower.

[0007] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of the present invention propose a low-temperature smoke extraction system.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention also proposes a low-temperature adsorption system.

[0009] The low-temperature flue gas system of this invention includes: a flue pipe having an outlet and multiple inlets, the multiple inlets being spaced apart in the extending direction of the flue pipe, the inner diameter of the flue pipe gradually increasing or stepwise increasing towards the outlet along the flow direction of the low-temperature clean flue gas, the temperature of the low-temperature clean flue gas being below room temperature; and a buffer member located inside the flue pipe and connected to the inner wall of the flue pipe, the buffer member being disposed at at least one of the multiple inlets adjacent to the outlet, and at least a portion of the buffer member having a gap between it and the inlet for buffering the flue gas flow entering the flue pipe through the inlet.

[0010] The low-temperature flue gas discharge system provided in this invention solves the problem in related technologies where, during the discharge of flue gas from multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers into the flue gas discharge pipe, the flow rate of flue gas in the downstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber is greater than that in the upstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber. By installing a buffer component at the air inlet near the air outlet of the flue gas discharge pipe, the buffer component buffers the flue gas flow entering the flue gas discharge pipe, reducing the flue gas flow velocity at the downstream air inlet to a certain extent. This balances the flue gas flow velocity at multiple air inlets, thereby optimizing the uniformity of airflow distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber, making the flue gas flow rate in each chamber more uniform, and resulting in better flue gas treatment effect.

[0011] In some embodiments, the buffer is a buffer tube extending along the smoke outlet pipe, the buffer tube having an inlet end relatively far from the air outlet in the extending direction of the smoke outlet pipe and an outlet end relatively close to the air outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the smoke outlet pipe includes a plurality of pipe segments connected in sequence in its extending direction. The inner diameter of the pipe segment closer to the air outlet is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe segment farther from the air outlet. The buffer pipe is disposed in the pipe segment with the larger inner diameter among two adjacent pipe segments, and the inlet end of the buffer pipe is connected to the inner wall surface of the pipe segment with the smaller inner diameter.

[0013] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the smoke outlet pipe is a transition section, the inner diameter of which gradually increases from a point away from the air outlet to a point closer to the air outlet, and the inlet end of the buffer pipe is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, the buffer tube is a straight tube, or the buffer tube is a flared tube and the buffer tube widens from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0015] In some embodiments, the length of the buffer tube in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube is the same as the length of the air inlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube, the inlet end of the buffer tube is flush with the first edge of the air outlet near the air outlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube, and the outlet end of the buffer tube is flush with the second edge of the air outlet away from the air outlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube.

[0016] In some embodiments, the buffer is a buffer plate having a first end away from the air outlet and a second end close to the air outlet, the first end of the buffer plate being connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the air outlet is located in the middle of the smoke outlet pipe, and the number of air inlets on both sides of the air outlet is the same in the extending direction of the smoke outlet pipe, and the buffer is provided at the two air inlets adjacent to the air outlet.

[0018] The low-temperature adsorption system of this invention includes: a plurality of low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers arranged in parallel, each chamber having a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; and a low-temperature flue gas delivery system, comprising an inlet pipe and a stop, the inlet pipe having an inlet and a plurality of delivery outlets, the delivery outlets being spaced apart along the extension direction of the inlet pipe, the delivery outlets being connected one-to-one with the flue gas inlets of the plurality of low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers to deliver low-temperature flue gas at a temperature below room temperature into the chambers, the inlet pipe gradually or continuously contracting from the inlet along the flow direction of the low-temperature flue gas to each delivery outlet. A stop is located inside the smoke inlet pipe and connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe. The stop is located at at least one of the multiple smoke outlets adjacent to the smoke inlet, and at least a portion of the stop is spaced from the smoke outlet. The stop is used to divert the flow so that a portion of the airflow in the smoke inlet pipe passes through the gap and enters the smoke outlet, while another portion of the airflow flows to the downstream smoke outlet. A low-temperature smoke outlet system, which is the low-temperature smoke outlet system in the above example, has multiple air inlets connected to the flue gas outlets of multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers in a one-to-one correspondence to output low-temperature clean flue gas from the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers.

[0019] The low-temperature adsorption system provided in this invention solves the problem in related technologies where the flow rate of flue gas in the upstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber is greater than that in the downstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber. It optimizes the uniformity of airflow distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber, making the flow rate of flue gas in each chamber more uniform and the flue gas treatment effect better.

[0020] In some embodiments, the stop is a tube extending along the smoke inlet pipe, the tube having an inlet end relatively close to the smoke inlet and an outlet end relatively far from the smoke inlet in the extending direction of the smoke inlet pipe, the outlet end of the tube being connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke inlet pipe; or, the stop is a baffle having a first end far from the smoke inlet and a second end close to the smoke inlet, the first end of the baffle being connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke inlet pipe.

[0021] In some embodiments, there are multiple flue pipes arranged in parallel and extending vertically. The low-temperature flue gas supply system further includes a horizontally arranged main flue, which is connected to the inlets of the multiple flue pipes. The main flue gradually or continuously contracts towards each inlet along the flue gas flow direction. The main flue includes several sequentially connected pipes in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipes near the inlet of the main flue is larger than the inner diameter of the pipes away from the inlet of the main flue. The low-temperature flue gas supply system further includes a throttling ring, which is at least disposed at the inlet of the pipe with the smallest inner diameter among the multiple pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the low-temperature adsorption system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the low-temperature adsorption system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke output system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke output system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke output system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flow distribution diagram of the bed cross-section in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber in the relevant technology.

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6A flue gas flow diagram of the four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers distributed vertically in the middle.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-temperature smoke delivery system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the main flue in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a flow distribution diagram at the flue gas inlet of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber in the relevant technology.

[0036] Figure 15 This is a flow distribution diagram at the flue gas inlet of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber in the low-temperature adsorption system of this invention.

[0037] Figure 16 The average flow velocity at the flue gas inlet of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber in the low-temperature adsorption system of this embodiment of the invention is calculated.

[0038] Figure 17 The results are the calculated average flow velocity of the bed cross-section in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber of the low-temperature adsorption system of this invention.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] Low-temperature smoke exhaust system 100, smoke exhaust pipe 110, air outlet 111, air inlet 112, buffer component 120, buffer pipe 121, buffer plate 122.

[0041] Low-temperature flue gas system 200, flue gas inlet pipe 210, flue gas inlet 211, flue gas outlet 212, first pipe section 213, second pipe section 214, third pipe section 215, stopper 220, insert pipe 221, inlet end 2211, outlet end 2212, baffle 222, main flue 230, pipe 231, throttling ring 232, inlet 233, outlet 234, flue gas supply pipe 240.

[0042] Low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, cold energy recovery tower 400. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] The following is based on Figures 1-5 The low-temperature smoke emission system 100 and the low-temperature adsorption system provided in the embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the low-temperature flue gas system 100 of this embodiment includes a flue gas outlet pipe 110 and a buffer member 120. The flue gas outlet pipe 110 has an outlet 111 and multiple inlets 112. The multiple inlets 112 are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the flue gas outlet pipe 110. The multiple inlets 112 are used to discharge the low-temperature clean flue gas treated in multiple parallel low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 from the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300. The multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 are connected to the multiple inlets 112 in a one-to-one correspondence. The low-temperature clean flue gas entering the flue gas outlet pipe 110 from the inlets 112 is discharged from the outlet 111. The temperature of the low-temperature clean flue gas discharged from the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 is below room temperature.

[0046] Near the exhaust port 111, due to the large volume of flue gas flowing into the exhaust pipe 110, in order to balance the flue gas flow velocity and avoid exhaust gas blockage, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 110 is gradually increased or stepped towards the exhaust port 111 along the flue gas flow direction.

[0047] "Gradually increasing" means that the inner diameter of the flue pipe 110 increases continuously from the point away from the outlet 111 along the direction of flue gas flow, while "stepwise increasing" means that the inner diameter of the flue pipe 110 increases step by step from the point away from the outlet 111 along the direction of flue gas flow, which is beneficial to the balance of flow velocity in the flue pipe 110.

[0048] A buffer 120 is located inside the smoke outlet pipe 110 and connected to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe 110. The buffer 120 is provided at at least one of the multiple air inlets 112 adjacent to the air outlet 111. That is, a buffer 120 is provided at at least one of the multiple air inlets 112 of the smoke outlet pipe 110 adjacent to the air outlet 111. For example, the smoke outlet pipe 110 has three air inlets 112, and the buffer 120 can be provided at the air inlet 112 closest to the air outlet 111, or at the other two air inlets 112 other than the one furthest from the air outlet 111. It should be noted that when the buffer 120 is provided at multiple air inlets 112, the buffer 120 corresponds one-to-one with the air inlets 112.

[0049] At least a portion of the buffer 120 is spaced from the air inlet 112. The buffer 120 buffers the flue gas flow entering the flue gas pipe 110 through the air inlet 112. The flue gas flow entering the flue gas pipe 110 from the air inlet 112 is blocked, and the flow velocity of the flue gas flow is reduced to a certain extent. Since the buffer 120 is located at the relatively downstream air inlet 112, the flow velocity of the flue gas entering the flue gas pipe 110 from each air inlet 112 is balanced, thereby balancing the flue gas flow velocity in the multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 matched with the low-temperature flue gas system 100.

[0050] The low-temperature flue gas system provided in this embodiment of the invention uses a buffer to buffer the flue gas flow, instead of directly reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream inlet 112. This is because directly reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream inlet 112 can only balance the air volume of each inlet 112 per unit time, that is, balance the unit air volume of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, but cannot balance the flue gas velocity at each inlet 112. Moreover, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream inlet 112 will also have a significant impact on the flue gas flow pattern. The difference in flue gas velocity will also affect the distribution of flue gas in the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 and the contact time between the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent, thus affecting the low-temperature adsorption effect.

[0051] This invention solves the problem of uneven flue gas distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 by balancing the flue gas flow rate at each air inlet 112. This achieves the effect of balancing the air volume and balancing the flue gas flow rate at each air inlet 112, thereby promoting uniform distribution of flue gas in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 and achieving a uniform adsorption effect in the low-temperature adsorption process of flue gas.

[0052] In summary, the low-temperature flue gas discharge system provided by this invention solves the problem in related technologies where, during the discharge of flue gas from multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers into the flue gas discharge pipe, the flow rate of flue gas in the downstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber is greater than that in the upstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber. By installing a buffer component at the air inlet near the outlet of the flue gas discharge pipe, the buffer component buffers the flue gas flow entering the flue gas discharge pipe, reducing the flue gas velocity at the downstream air inlet to a certain extent. This balances the flue gas velocity at multiple air inlets, thereby optimizing the uniformity of airflow distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber, making the flue gas flow rate in each chamber more uniform, and resulting in better flue gas treatment effect.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the buffer element 120 is a buffer tube 121, which extends along the length of the smoke outlet pipe 110. The buffer tube 121 has an inlet end that is relatively far from the air outlet 111 in the extending direction of the smoke outlet pipe 110 and an outlet end that is relatively close to the air outlet 111. The flue gas flowing in the upstream section of the smoke outlet pipe 110 enters the buffer tube 121 from the inlet end and exits from the outlet end of the buffer tube 121, flowing towards the air outlet 111. The inlet end of the buffer tube 121 is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe 110. There is a gap between the buffer tube 121 and the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe 110, and the air inlet 112 opposite to the buffer tube 121 communicates with the gap. Clean flue gas discharged from the air inlet 112 opposite to the buffer pipe 121 enters the gap, where it is blocked by the pipe wall of the buffer pipe 121 and its flow velocity is reduced. Then it flows from the gap along the smoke outlet pipe 110 to the air outlet 112.

[0054] Furthermore, the inlet end of the buffer pipe 121 is sealed to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe 110, so that the airflow flows downstream after entering the gap, which increases the buffering effect of the buffer pipe 121 on the airflow and makes the flue gas velocity at each air inlet 112 more balanced.

[0055] In some embodiments, the smoke outlet pipe 110 has a "stepped increase" structure, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the smoke outlet pipe 110 includes several pipe segments connected in sequence in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipe segment closer to the air outlet 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe segment farther from the air outlet 111. The buffer pipe 121 is located in the pipe segment with the larger inner diameter among two adjacent pipe segments, and the inlet end of the buffer pipe 121 is connected to the inner wall surface of the pipe segment with the smaller inner diameter.

[0056] In some alternative embodiments, the smoke outlet pipe 110 has a "gradually increasing" structure, such as... Figure 5 As shown, at least a portion of the smoke outlet pipe 110 is a transition section, and the inner diameter of the transition section gradually increases from the distance from the air outlet 111 to the distance from the air outlet 111. The inlet end of the buffer pipe 121 is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe 110.

[0057] In some embodiments, the buffer tube 121 is a straight tube, that is, the inner diameter of the buffer tube 121 is uniform and constant in its extension direction.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, the buffer tube 121 is a flared tube, widening from the inlet end to the outlet end. That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the buffer tube 121 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​its outlet end. This arrangement can buffer the flue gas flow entering the gap between the inner wall of the buffer tube 121 and the flue gas outlet 110, making the flow velocity at each air inlet 112 more balanced.

[0059] Optionally, the buffer tube 121 is a horn tube, and the ratio of the inlet diameter to the outlet diameter of the horn tube is 3 / 5-4 / 5.

[0060] If the ratio of the inlet diameter to the outlet diameter of the horn tube is less than 3 / 5, it will result in the outlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 being too large or the inlet diameter being too small. When the inlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 is too small, it will affect the flow of flue gas to the downstream outlet 111, which is not conducive to the uniform distribution of flue gas. When the outlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 is too large, the proportion of airflow flowing through the buffer tube 121 to the downstream outlet 111 is too large, and the proportion of airflow entering the gap between the inner wall of the buffer tube 121 and the smoke outlet tube 110 is small, resulting in a slower flue gas velocity at the inlet 112 corresponding to the buffer tube 121, which is lower than the flue gas velocity at the upstream inlet 112, which is also not conducive to the uniform distribution of flue gas.

[0061] If the ratio of the inlet diameter to the outlet diameter of the horn tube is greater than 4 / 5, it will result in the outlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 being too small or the inlet diameter being too large. When the outlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 is too small, the proportion of airflow flowing through the buffer tube 121 to the downstream outlet 111 is relatively small, leading to a phenomenon where the flow velocity at the upstream inlet 112 is lower than that at the downstream inlet 112. When the inlet diameter of the buffer tube 121 is too large, the proportion of airflow flowing through the buffer tube 121 to the downstream outlet 111 is relatively large, leading to a phenomenon where the flow velocity at the upstream inlet 112 is higher than that at the downstream inlet 112. Both of these conditions are detrimental to the uniform distribution of flue gas.

[0062] Therefore, by making the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the horn tube 3 / 5-4 / 5, the buffer tube 121 can guide a certain proportion of the airflow from the upstream inlet 112 to the outlet 111, and at the same time reduce the flue gas velocity at the inlet 112 corresponding to the buffer tube 121 to a certain extent, thereby achieving the effect of balancing the flue gas flow at the multiple inlets 112 on the flue pipe 110.

[0063] In some embodiments, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the buffer pipe 121 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the gap between the inner wall surfaces of the buffer pipe 121 and the smoke outlet pipe 110 is 5 / 4 to 2 / 1. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the buffer pipe 121 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the gap affects the flow diversion effect of the buffer pipe 121, that is, it affects the flue gas velocity at the air inlet 112 corresponding to the buffer pipe 121 and the flue gas velocity at the upstream air inlet 112.

[0064] If the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the buffer pipe 121 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval is less than 5 / 4, the flue gas velocity at the air inlet 112 corresponding to the buffer pipe 121 will be larger, and the flue gas velocity at the downstream air inlet 112 will be greater than the flue gas velocity at the upstream air inlet 112.

[0065] If the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the buffer tube 121 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval is greater than 2 / 1, the blocking effect of the buffer tube 121 will be too strong, and the flue gas velocity at the air inlet 112 corresponding to the buffer tube 121 will be too small, resulting in the flue gas velocity at the upstream air inlet 112 being greater than the flue gas velocity at the downstream air inlet 112.

[0066] Therefore, making the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the buffer tube 121 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval between the inner wall surfaces of the buffer tube 121 and the smoke outlet tube 110 5 / 4-2 / 1 is beneficial to balancing the flue gas flow at the multiple air inlets 112 on the smoke outlet tube 110.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the buffer tube 121 in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube 110 is the same as the length of the air inlet 112 in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube 110. The inlet end of the buffer tube 121 is flush with the first edge of the air outlet 111 in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube 110, close to the air outlet 111. The outlet end of the buffer tube 121 is flush with the second edge of the air outlet 111 in the extension direction of the smoke outlet tube 110, away from the air outlet 111.

[0068] In other alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the buffer 120 is a buffer plate 122, which has a first end away from the air outlet 111 and a second end close to the air outlet 111. The first end of the buffer plate 122 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe 110. That is, the end of the buffer plate 122 away from the air outlet 111 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe 110.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the air outlet 111 of the smoke outlet pipe 110 is located in the middle of the smoke outlet pipe 110. The number of air inlets 112 on both sides of the air outlet 111 in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe 110 is the same. A buffer 120 is provided at the two air inlets 112 adjacent to the air outlet 111.

[0070] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the low-temperature adsorption system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 arranged in parallel, a low-temperature flue gas delivery system 200, and a low-temperature flue gas outlet system. Each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 has a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet. The low-temperature flue gas outlet system is the low-temperature flue gas outlet system 100 in the above embodiment. Multiple air inlets 112 of the low-temperature flue gas outlet system 100 are connected one-to-one with the flue gas outlets of the multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 to output low-temperature clean flue gas from within the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300.

[0071] The low-temperature flue gas supply system 200 includes a flue gas inlet pipe 210 and a stop member 220. The flue gas inlet pipe 210 has a flue gas inlet 211 and multiple flue gas outlets 212. The multiple flue gas outlets 212 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the flue gas inlet pipe 210. The multiple flue gas outlets 212 are connected one-to-one with the flue gas inlets of multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 to supply low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300. The flue gas inlet pipe 210 gradually or continuously contracts from the flue gas inlet 211 along the flow direction of the low-temperature flue gas to each flue gas outlet 212.

[0072] "Progressive contraction" refers to the fact that the inner diameter of the flue pipe 210 decreases in a step-like manner from the flue inlet 211 along the direction of flue gas flow, while "continuous contraction" refers to the fact that the inner diameter of the flue pipe 210 gradually decreases from the flue inlet 100 along the direction of flue gas flow. This is beneficial for balancing the flow velocity within the flue pipe 210.

[0073] The stop member 220 is located inside the smoke inlet pipe 210 and connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210. The stop member 220 is provided at at least one smoke inlet 212 adjacent to the smoke inlet 211 among the plurality of smoke outlets 212. That is, the stop member 220 is provided at at least one smoke outlet 212 adjacent to the smoke inlet 211 among the plurality of smoke outlets 212 provided on the smoke inlet pipe 210. For example, the smoke inlet pipe 210 is provided with three smoke outlets 212, and the stop member 220 can be provided at the smoke outlet 212 closest to the smoke inlet 211, or the stop member 220 can be provided at the other two smoke outlets 212 except for the smoke outlet 212 furthest from the smoke inlet 211. It should be noted that when the stop member 220 is provided at multiple smoke outlets 212, the stop member 220 corresponds to each smoke outlet 212 one by one.

[0074] At least a portion of the stop 220 has a gap with the corresponding smoke outlet 212. The stop 220 is used to divert the flow so that a portion of the airflow in the smoke inlet pipe 210 passes through the gap and enters the smoke outlet 212, while the other portion flows to the downstream smoke outlet 212. When the flue gas flowing in the smoke inlet pipe 210 encounters the stop 220, it is diverted by the stop 220. A portion of the airflow enters the gap between the stop 220 and the corresponding smoke outlet 212 and exits from the smoke outlet 212 through the gap, while the other portion continues to flow to the downstream smoke outlet 212.

[0075] As can be seen from the flow-diverting function of the stop 220, the gap between the stop 220 and the corresponding smoke outlet 212 is directly opposite to the airflow in the airflow direction, and the airflow entering the gap can be discharged from the corresponding connected smoke outlet 212. The gap between the stop 220 and the corresponding smoke outlet 212 acts as a "buffer," slowing down the flow velocity of the airflow entering the gap, thereby reducing the flow velocity at the upstream smoke outlet 212 to a certain extent, and thus balancing the flow velocity at the upstream smoke outlet 212 and the downstream smoke outlet 212.

[0076] The low-temperature flue gas supply system 200 uses a stopper 220 for flow diversion instead of directly reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream flue gas outlet 212. This is because directly reducing the upstream flue gas outlet 212 can only balance the air volume supplied per unit time at each outlet 212, but cannot balance the flue gas velocity at each outlet 212. Moreover, this adjustment method would also significantly affect the flue gas flow pattern. Differences in flue gas velocity affect the distribution of flue gas within the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 and the flue gas adsorption process. Therefore, to solve the problem of uneven flue gas distribution within each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, it is necessary to balance the flue gas velocity at each outlet 212. The low-temperature flue gas supply system 200 not only achieves balanced air volume but also balanced flue gas velocity at each outlet 212, thereby making the flue gas distribution within each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 more uniform.

[0077] In summary, the low-temperature adsorption system provided by the embodiments of the present invention solves the problem in related technologies where the flow rate of flue gas in the upstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber is greater than that in the downstream low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber. It optimizes the uniformity of airflow distribution in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber, making the flow rate of flue gas in each chamber more uniform and the flue gas treatment effect better.

[0078] In some embodiments, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 12 As shown, the smoke inlet pipe 210 includes several pipe segments connected in sequence in its extension direction, and the inner diameter of the pipe segment closer to the smoke inlet 211 is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe segment farther away from the smoke inlet 211.

[0079] In some alternative embodiments, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "continuously contracting" structure, such as... Figure 11 As shown, at least a portion of the smoke inlet pipe 210 is a transition section, and the inner diameter of the transition section gradually decreases from near the smoke inlet 211 to away from the smoke inlet 211.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figures 8-11As shown, the stop 220 is a tube 221, which extends along the length of the smoke inlet pipe 210. The tube 221 has two opposite ends along the extension direction of the smoke inlet pipe 210. The end closer to the smoke inlet 211 is the inlet end of the tube 221, and the end farther from the smoke inlet 211 is the outlet end. A portion of the diverted flue gas enters the tube 221 from its inlet end and exits from its outlet end, flowing downstream to the smoke outlet 212. The outlet end of the tube 221 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210. A gap exists between the tube 221 and the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210, and the smoke outlet 212, opposite to the tube 221, communicates with this gap.

[0081] Furthermore, the outlet end of the insertion tube 221 is sealed to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210, so that the airflow enters the gap and is discharged from the corresponding smoke outlet 212. This increases the buffering effect of the insertion tube 221 on the airflow and makes the smoke flow velocity at each smoke outlet 212 more balanced.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cannula 221 is a straight tube, that is, the inner diameter of the cannula 221 is uniform and constant in its extension direction.

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, the insertion tube 221 is a flared tube that tapers from the inlet end to the outlet end; that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​its outlet end. This arrangement can increase the proportion of airflow entering the insertion tube 221 after diversion, allowing more flue gas to be sent along the insertion tube 221 to the downstream flue gas outlet 212, resulting in a more balanced flow velocity of the flue gas at each flue gas outlet 212.

[0084] Optionally, the insertion tube 221 is a horn tube, and the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the horn tube is 3 / 5-4 / 5.

[0085] If the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the horn tube is less than 3 / 5, it will result in the outlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 being too small or the inlet diameter being too large. When the outlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is too small, the proportion of airflow flowing through the insertion tube 221 to the downstream smoke outlet 212 is reduced, which will affect the flow of flue gas to the downstream smoke outlet 212 and is not conducive to the uniform distribution of flue gas. When the inlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is too large, the proportion of airflow flowing through the insertion tube 221 to the downstream smoke outlet 212 is too large, and the proportion of airflow entering the gap between the inner wall of the insertion tube 221 and the smoke inlet tube 210 is small, resulting in a slower flue gas velocity at the smoke outlet 212 corresponding to the insertion tube 221, which is lower than the flue gas velocity at the downstream smoke outlet 212, which is also not conducive to the uniform distribution of flue gas.

[0086] If the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the horn tube is greater than 4 / 5, it will result in either an excessively large outlet diameter or an excessively small inlet diameter for the insertion tube 221. When the outlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is too large, a larger proportion of the airflow flows through the insertion tube 221 to the downstream flue gas outlet 212, leading to a higher flow velocity at the downstream flue gas outlet 212 than at the upstream flue gas outlet 212. Conversely, when the inlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is too small, a smaller proportion of the airflow flows to the downstream flue gas outlet 212, resulting in a lower flow velocity at the downstream flue gas outlet 212 than at the upstream flue gas outlet 212. Both of these conditions are detrimental to the uniformity of the flue gas flow.

[0087] Therefore, by making the ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the horn tube 3 / 5-4 / 5, the insertion tube 221 can guide a certain proportion of the airflow to the downstream smoke outlet 212, and at the same time reduce the flue gas velocity at the smoke outlet 212 corresponding to the insertion tube 221 to a certain extent, thereby achieving the effect of balancing the flue gas flow at multiple smoke outlets 212 on the smoke inlet pipe 210.

[0088] In some embodiments, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the smoke inlet pipe 210 is 5 / 4 to 2 / 1. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the gap affects the flow diversion effect of the insertion tube 221, that is, it affects the flue gas velocity at the smoke outlet 212 corresponding to the insertion tube 221 and the flue gas velocity at the downstream smoke outlet 212.

[0089] If the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval is less than 5 / 4, the gas flow rate entering the interval after diversion will be larger, and the flue gas velocity at the upstream flue gas outlet 212 will be greater than the flue gas velocity at the downstream flue gas outlet 212.

[0090] If the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval is greater than 2 / 1, the gas flow rate entering the interval after diversion will be too small, and the gas flow rate guided downstream to the smoke outlet 212 through the insertion tube 221 will be large, resulting in the flue gas velocity at the upstream smoke outlet 212 being less than the flue gas velocity at the downstream smoke outlet 212.

[0091] Therefore, making the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the insertion tube 221 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the interval between the insertion tube 221 and the smoke inlet pipe 210 5 / 4-2 / 1 is beneficial to balancing the flue gas flow at the multiple smoke outlets 212 on the smoke inlet pipe 210.

[0092] In some embodiments, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 12 As shown, the insertion tube 221 is located in the pipe section with the larger inner diameter among two adjacent pipe sections, and the outlet end of the insertion tube 221 is connected to the pipe section with the smaller inner diameter.

[0093] In other embodiments, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "continuously contracting" structure, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the insertion tube 221 is located within the transition section and the outlet end of the insertion tube 221 is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke inlet pipe 210.

[0094] In some preferred embodiments, the length of the insertion tube 221 in the extension direction of the smoke inlet pipe 210 is the same as the length of the corresponding smoke outlet 212 in the extension direction of the smoke inlet pipe 210. The inlet end of the insertion tube 221 is flush with the first edge of the smoke outlet 212 in the extension direction of the smoke inlet pipe 210, which is close to the smoke inlet 211. The outlet end of the insertion tube 221 is flush with the second edge of the smoke outlet 212 in the extension direction of the smoke inlet pipe 210, which is away from the smoke inlet 211.

[0095] In other alternative embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the stop 220 is a baffle 222. The baffle 222 has a first end away from the smoke inlet 211 and a second end close to the smoke inlet 211. The first end of the baffle 222 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210. That is to say, the end of the baffle 222 away from the smoke inlet 211 is connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 210.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple flue gas inlet pipes 210, arranged side-by-side and extending vertically. The low-temperature flue gas supply system also includes a horizontally arranged main flue 230, which connects to the inlets 211 of the multiple flue gas inlet pipes 210. The main flue 230 supplies air into the multiple flue gas inlet pipes 210, and then the multiple flue gas inlet pipes 210 supply flue gas to the multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the main flue 230 supplies smoke to four horizontally arranged smoke inlet pipes 210. The main flue 230 has an inlet 233 for smoke intake and an outlet 234 for smoke exhaust. The direction of flue gas flow within the main flue 230 is from the inlet 233 to the outlet 234. The main flue 230 gradually or continuously contracts towards each smoke inlet 211 along the direction of flue gas flow.

[0097] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, the main flue 230 has a "progressive contraction" structure. The main flue 230 includes several sequentially connected pipes 231 in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipe 231 closer to the inlet 233 of the main flue 230 is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe 231 farther from the inlet 233. Optionally, the ratio of the inner diameters of two adjacent pipes 231 is 1:1.1 to 1:1.5.

[0098] For example, the main flue 230 has a "continuous contraction" structure, and the inner diameter of at least a portion of the main flue 230 gradually decreases from near the inlet 233 to away from the inlet 233.

[0099] like Figure 1 and Figure 13 As shown, the main flue 230 has one inlet 233 and four outlets 234, with the four outlets 234 sequentially moving away from the inlet 233 along the flue gas flow direction. Figure 14 As shown, the inventors discovered through data simulation that the flow rate of the inlet pipe 210 is greater the further away from the inlet 233 of the main flue 230, resulting in uneven distribution of flue gas between the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300.

[0100] To address the above problems, in some embodiments, such as Figure 13 As shown, the low-temperature flue gas supply system also includes a throttling ring 232. The throttling ring 232 is installed at least at the inlet of the pipe 231 with the smallest inner diameter among the multiple pipes 231, so as to intercept the flue gas and achieve a balanced flow rate of the flue gas at each outlet 234 of the main flue duct 230.

[0101] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, the throttling ring 232 is set at the inlet of the pipe 231 furthest from the inlet 233 to throttle the flue gas entering the pipe 231, reduce the flow rate of flue gas entering the pipe 231, and thus play a role in balancing the flue gas in the main flue 230.

[0102] Optionally, the ratio of the inner diameter of the throttling ring 232 to the inner diameter of the inlet of the pipe 231 is 7 / 10-9 / 10, so that the throttling ring 232 can balance the flow rate of flue gas entering the pipe 231. If the ratio of the inner diameter of the throttling ring 232 to the inner diameter of the inlet of the pipe 231 is less than 7 / 10, the throttling effect of the throttling ring 232 is too strong, resulting in an insufficient flow rate of flue gas entering the pipe 231, causing the flow velocity at the outlet 234 of the main flue 230 away from the inlet 233 to be lower than the flow velocity at the outlet near the inlet 233. If the ratio of the inner diameter of the throttling ring 232 to the inner diameter of the inlet of the pipe 231 is greater than 9 / 10, the throttling ring 232 cannot play a sufficient throttling effect, and the problem of the flow velocity at the outlet 234 of the main flue 230 away from the inlet 233 being higher than the flow velocity at the outlet near the inlet 233 cannot be solved.

[0103] Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the low-temperature adsorption system provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes: a flue gas cooling tower (not shown in the figure) and a cold energy recovery tower 400. The flue gas cooling tower is used to cool the flue gas to a low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature. The flue gas cooling tower is connected to the flue gas inlet 211 of the low-temperature flue gas supply system 200 to provide low-temperature flue gas to the low-temperature flue gas supply system 200. The flue gas outlet 111 of the flue gas outlet pipe 110 is connected to the cold energy recovery tower 400 to introduce the low-temperature clean flue gas into the cold energy recovery tower 400. The cold energy recovery tower 400 is used to recover the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas.

[0104] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the low-temperature flue gas system 100 includes four flue gas pipes 100 and four cold energy recovery towers 400 that are connected to the gas outlets 111 of the four flue gas pipes 100 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0105] In some preferred embodiments, the flue gas cooling tower cools the flue gas to below zero, for example, -80°C to -5°C.

[0106] More preferably, the flue gas cooling tower cools the flue gas to a temperature of -20°C to -5°C. The inventors have discovered through research that lower flue gas temperatures are more beneficial for adsorption and purification. However, excessively low flue gas temperatures lead to complex equipment structures for cooling the flue gas, increased energy consumption, and for example, the need for insulation layers in the cooling equipment, adsorption tower, and piping, as well as high sealing requirements, resulting in increased costs. Furthermore, excessively low temperatures cause condensation to easily form inside the adsorption tower, leading to adsorbent adhesion and blockage, thus affecting adsorption. Therefore, cooling the flue gas to a temperature of -20°C to -5°C is advantageous.

[0107] The following is based on Figures 8-13 The low-temperature smoke supply system 200 in some specific embodiments of the present invention is described.

[0108] exist Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the flue gas inlet pipe 210 extends vertically and has one flue gas inlet 211 and four flue gas outlets 212. In this embodiment, the flue gas inlet pipe 210 is used to feed flue gas to be treated into four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 arranged vertically.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, two of the four smoke inlets 212 are located above the smoke inlet 211, and the other two are located below the smoke inlet 211. The smoke inlet 211 and the smoke inlets 212 are both oriented horizontally, and each smoke inlet 212 is connected to a corresponding smoke delivery pipe 240.

[0110] As an example, such as Figure 1As shown, the flue gas supply pipe 240 is used to introduce the flue gas discharged from the flue gas supply port 212 into the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300. The flue gas inlet of the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 is elongated and extends horizontally. In order to deliver the flue gas into the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 more evenly, the width of the flue gas supply pipe 240 gradually increases from the flue gas supply port 212 to the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, so that the width of the outlet end of the flue gas supply pipe 240 is the same as the width of the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300. This ensures that the flue gas, after entering the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, comes into uniform contact with the adsorption bed in the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, resulting in a more uniform adsorption effect.

[0111] like Figure 8 As shown, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure. The smoke inlet pipe 210 includes several pipe segments connected in sequence in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipe segment closer to the smoke inlet 211 is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe segment farther away from the smoke inlet 211. Specifically, the smoke inlet pipe 210 includes a first pipe segment 213, a second pipe segment 214, and a third pipe segment 215, all of which extend in a vertical direction. The bottom end of the first pipe section 213 is connected to the top end of the second pipe section 214, and the top end of the third pipe section 215 is connected to the bottom end of the second pipe section 214. A smoke inlet 211 is located in the middle of the second pipe section 214. Two smoke outlets 212 are respectively opened laterally at the two ends of the second pipe section 214. A smoke outlet 212 is opened laterally at the top of the first pipe section 213, and a smoke outlet 212 is opened laterally at the bottom of the third pipe section 215. The four smoke outlets 212 are spaced approximately the same vertically. A portion of the flue gas entering the smoke inlet pipe 210 from the smoke inlet 211 flows upward, and the other portion flows downward. In other alternative embodiments, the positional relationship between the smoke inlet 211 and the smoke outlets 212 can be different.

[0112] Without the stop 220, the flue gas distribution within the inlet pipe 210 is uneven. This is mainly manifested in the fact that the two middle flue gas inlets 212 are closer to the inlet 211, resulting in higher flow velocities at the two middle inlets 212 than at the top and bottom inlets 212. This leads to different flue gas velocities at the inlets of the four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 (e.g., ...). Figure 7 and Figure 14 (As shown). To balance the flue gas velocity at each flue gas inlet 212, a stop 220 is provided inside the flue gas inlet pipe 210. Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the stop 220 is a tube 221, and the tube 221 is a horn tube.

[0113] Specifically, such as Figure 8As shown, an insert 221 is located at the top of the second pipe section 214, opposite the second smoke inlet 212 from top to bottom in the opening direction of the smoke inlet 212. The inlet end 2211 of the insert 221 is located at its bottom, and the outlet end 2212 is located at its top. The outlet end 2212 of the insert 221 is sealed to the inner wall of the first pipe section 213, and the diameter of the outlet end 221 is the same as the diameter of the bottom inlet of the first pipe section 213. The inlet end 2211 of the insert 221 is located inside the second pipe section 214 and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the second pipe section 214. When the flue gas flowing upward in the second pipe section 214 encounters the insert 221, part of the flue gas enters the gap between the insert 221 and the second short pipe 132 and flows out from the smoke inlet 212 through the gap. The other part flows upward through the inlet end 212 of the insert 221 and flows through the insert 221 to the top smoke inlet 212.

[0114] The aforementioned insertion tube 221 diverts the upward-flowing flue gas, allowing the flue gas to enter the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the second pipe section 214 for buffering before exiting from the upstream flue gas inlet 212 (the second flue gas inlet 212 from the top). This reduces the flow velocity of the flue gas from the upstream flue gas inlet 212 to some extent. The insertion tube 221 is funnel-shaped, with the diameter of the inlet end 2211 being larger than the diameter of the outlet end 2212, so that more flue gas can flow downstream to the flue gas inlet 212 (the topmost flue gas inlet) under the guidance of the insertion tube 221, thereby balancing the flue gas flow between the two upper flue gas inlets 212.

[0115] Another insertion tube 221 is located at the bottom of the second pipe section 214, opposite the third smoke inlet 212 from top to bottom in the opening direction of the smoke inlet 212. The inlet end 2211 of the insertion tube 221 is located at its top, and the outlet end 2212 is located at its bottom. The outlet end 2212 of the insertion tube 221 is sealed to the inner wall of the third pipe section 215, and the diameter of the outlet end 221 is the same as the diameter of the bottom inlet of the third pipe section 215. The inlet end 2211 of the insertion tube 221 is located inside the second pipe section 214 and has a gap between it and the inner wall of the second pipe section 214. When the downward flue gas flow in the second pipe section 214 encounters the insertion tube 221, part of the flue gas flow enters the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the second short tube 132 and flows out from the smoke inlet 212 through the gap. The other part flows downward through the inlet end 212 of the insertion tube 221 and flows through the insertion tube 221 to the bottom smoke inlet 212.

[0116] The aforementioned insertion tube 221 diverts the downward-flowing flue gas, allowing the flue gas to enter the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the second pipe section 214 for buffering before exiting from the upstream flue gas inlet 212 (the third flue gas inlet 212 from the top). This reduces the flow velocity of the flue gas from the upstream flue gas inlet 212 to some extent. The insertion tube 221 is funnel-shaped, with the diameter of the inlet end 2211 being larger than the diameter of the outlet end 2212, so that more flue gas can flow to the downstream flue gas inlet 212 (the bottom flue gas inlet) under the guidance of the insertion tube 221, thereby balancing the flue gas flow from the two lower flue gas inlets 212.

[0117] In summary, the arrangement of the two insertion tubes 221 inside the flue gas inlet pipe 210 balances the flue gas flow velocity at the four flue gas inlets 212 in the vertical direction, thus achieving uniform flue gas delivery to the four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300 stacked in the vertical direction. Figure 15 The inventors used CFD numerical simulations to demonstrate the 16 low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers in the low-temperature adsorption system employing the low-temperature flue gas delivery system provided in this embodiment. The flue gas inlet pipe 210 delivers flue gas into four vertically stacked low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers 300. Figure 15 It can be seen that the flow distribution within the four low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers distributed vertically is basically balanced.

[0118] Furthermore, the length of the insertion tube 221 matches the height of the smoke inlet 212; that is, the inlet end 2211 of the insertion tube 221 is flush with the first edge of the smoke inlet 212 near the smoke inlet 211, and the outlet end 2212 of the insertion tube 221 is flush with the second edge of the smoke inlet 212 away from the smoke inlet 211. Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the length of both insertion tubes 221 is 810 mm, and the height of both smoke outlets 212 is 810 mm.

[0119] As an example, the inner diameter of the first pipe section 213 is 800 mm, the inner diameter of the second pipe section 214 is 1000 mm, and the inner diameter of the third pipe section 215 is 800 mm. The ratio of the outlet diameter to the inlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is 4 / 5. Specifically, the inlet diameter of the insertion tube 221 is 1000 mm, and the outlet diameter is 800 mm.

[0120] exist Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 extends vertically and has one smoke inlet 211 and four smoke outlets 212. The smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure, including a first pipe section 213, a second pipe section 214, and a third pipe section 215. The specific structure of the smoke inlet pipe 210 can be referred to the above description. Figure 8 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here; only the differences are described.

[0121] like Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 is provided with a stop 220 inside. The stop 220 is a tube 221, and the tube 221 is a straight tube. That is, the inner diameter of the tube 221 is evenly distributed in its extension direction (vertical direction). In other words, the outlet diameter of the tube 221 is equal to its inlet diameter.

[0122] One of the insertion tubes 221 is located at the top of the second pipe section 214, opposite the second smoke inlet 212 from top to bottom in the opening direction of the smoke inlet 212. The outlet end 2212 of the insertion tube 221 is sealed to the inner wall of the first pipe section 213. The upward-flowing flue gas is diverted by the insertion tube 221. A portion of the flue gas flows into the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the second pipe section 214 before exiting from the smoke inlet 212 for buffering and deceleration. The other portion of the flue gas flows to the top smoke inlet 212 under the guidance of the insertion tube 221, thereby balancing the flue gas flow of the two upper smoke inlets 212.

[0123] Another insertion tube 221 is located at the bottom of the second pipe section 214, opposite to the third smoke inlet 212 from top to bottom in the opening direction of the smoke inlet 212. The outlet end 2212 of the insertion tube 221 is sealed to the inner wall of the third pipe section 131. The downward-flowing flue gas is diverted by the insertion tube 221. A portion of the flue gas flows into the gap between the insertion tube 221 and the second pipe section 214 before exiting from the smoke inlet 212 for buffering and deceleration. The other portion of the flue gas flows to the bottom smoke inlet 212 under the guidance of the insertion tube 221, thereby balancing the flue gas flow of the two lower smoke inlets 212.

[0124] As an example, the inner diameter of the first pipe section 213 is 800 mm, the inner diameter of the second pipe section 214 is 1000 mm, the inner diameter of the third pipe section 215 is 800 mm, and the inner diameter of the insertion tube 221 is 800 mm.

[0125] exist Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 extends vertically and has one smoke inlet 211 and four smoke outlets 212. The smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure, including a first pipe section 213, a second pipe section 214, and a third pipe section 215. The specific structure of the smoke inlet pipe 210 can be referred to the above description. Figure 8 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here; only the differences are described.

[0126] like Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 has two stop members 220 inside, each of which is a baffle 222. One baffle 222 is located at the top of the second pipe section 214, opposite to the second smoke outlet 212 from top to bottom in the opening direction of the smoke outlet 212. The first end of the baffle 222 away from the smoke inlet 211 is sealed to the edge of the bottom end of the first pipe section 213 of the smoke inlet pipe 210 near the smoke outlet 212, and the second end of the baffle 222 near the smoke inlet 211 is spaced apart from the second pipe section 214. The upward-flowing flue gas is diverted by the baffle 222. A portion of the flue gas flows into the gap between the baffle 222 and the second pipe section 214 before exiting from the flue gas inlet 212, where it is buffered and its speed reduced. The other portion of the flue gas, guided by the baffle 222, flows along the first pipe section 213 to the top flue gas inlet 212, thus balancing the flue gas flow at the two upper flue gas inlets 212. Another baffle 222 is located at the bottom of the second pipe section 214, opposite the opening direction of the third flue gas inlet 212 (from top to bottom). The first end of this baffle 222, away from the flue gas inlet 211, is sealed to the edge of the top of the third pipe section 215 near the flue gas inlet 212. The downward-flowing flue gas is diverted by the baffle 222. One part of the flue gas flows into the gap between the baffle 222 and the second pipe section 214 before being discharged from the flue gas outlet 212, thus slowing down the flow. The other part of the flue gas flows along the third pipe section 215 under the guidance of the baffle 222 to the bottom flue gas outlet 212, thereby balancing the flue gas flow of the two lower flue gas outlets 212.

[0127] like Figure 10 As shown, the baffle 222 is inclined, and the second end of the stop 220 near the smoke inlet 211 is closer to the central axis of the second pipe section 214 than the first end away from the smoke inlet 211. As an example, the angle between the longitudinal section of the baffle 222 and the extending direction (vertical direction) of the smoke inlet pipe 210 is 10°.

[0128] In other alternative embodiments, the angle between the longitudinal section of the stop 220 and the extending direction (vertical direction) of the smoke inlet pipe 210 is any angle between 0° and 30°. Preferably, the second end of the stop 220 near the smoke inlet 211 is closer to the central axis of the second pipe section 214 than the first end away from the smoke inlet 211, to avoid the smoke gas flow entering the gap after separation being too small due to the narrow gap between the second end of the stop 220 and the second pipe section 214.

[0129] Furthermore, the baffle 222 is swayably disposed within the smoke inlet pipe 210, meaning that the tilt angle of the baffle 222 is adjustable. This allows the angle of the baffle 222 to be adjusted according to the smoke distribution at each smoke outlet 212, thereby balancing the smoke flow rate at each smoke outlet 212. For example, with... Figure 10For example, if the flue gas velocity at the two middle flue gas inlets 212 is still greater than that at the top and bottom flue gas inlets 212, the angle of the baffle 222 can be adjusted appropriately to reduce the angle between the longitudinal section of the baffle 222 and the extension direction (vertical direction) of the inlet pipe 210. This reduces the width of the gap between the baffle 222 and the inlet pipe 210, further reducing the airflow entering the gap after diversion and slowing down the flow velocity, thus achieving a balance of flow velocity at each flue gas inlet 212. If the flue gas velocity at the two middle flue gas inlets 212 is less than that at the top and bottom flue gas inlets 212, it indicates that the gap is too narrow. In this case, the angle between the longitudinal section of the baffle 222 and the extension direction of the inlet pipe 210 should be increased to widen the gap. This increases the airflow entering the gap after diversion and increases the flow velocity to a certain extent, thereby achieving a balance of flow velocity at each flue gas inlet 212.

[0130] It should be noted that the baffle 222 can be movably connected within the smoke inlet pipe 210 by means of hinge or other known methods.

[0131] exist Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 extends vertically and has one smoke inlet 211 and four smoke outlets 212. The smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "continuously contracting" structure, including a tapering section whose inner diameter gradually decreases from near the smoke inlet 211 to away from it. Figure 11 As shown, the smoke inlet pipe 210 includes two transition sections, one of which is located above the smoke inlet 211 and the other is located below the smoke inlet 211. Each transition section has two vertically spaced smoke outlets 212 on its side.

[0132] The smoke inlet pipe 210 is equipped with two insertion tubes 221, which are respectively located in two transition sections and are respectively opposite to the two smoke outlets 212 located in the middle. Figure 11 As shown, the top end (outlet end) of the upper cannula 221 is connected to the inner wall of the upper transition section and extends downward, with a gap between the bottom end of the cannula 221 and the transition section. The bottom end (outlet end) of the lower cannula 221 is connected to the inner wall of the lower transition section and extends upward, with a gap between the bottom end of the cannula 221 and the transition section.

[0133] The insertion tube 221 diverts the airflow in the flue gas inlet 210, which to some extent reduces the flue gas velocity at the two flue gas inlets 212 in the middle, balances the flue gas velocity at each flue gas inlet 212, and thus optimizes the uniformity of airflow distribution in the low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300, making the flue gas flow rate in each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 more uniform and the flue gas treatment effect better.

[0134] exist Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the smoke inlet pipe 210 extends vertically and has one smoke inlet 211 and three smoke outlets 212. The smoke inlet pipe 210 has a "progressive contraction" structure, including a first pipe section 213, a second pipe section 214, and a third pipe section 215. The first pipe section 213, the second pipe section 214, and the third pipe section 215 are connected sequentially from top to bottom, and their inner diameters increase sequentially. The smoke inlet 211 is located at the bottom of the third pipe section 215, and a smoke outlet 212 is provided on the side of the top of each of the first pipe section 213, the second pipe section 214, and the third pipe section 215. After entering the smoke inlet pipe 210 from the bottom smoke inlet 211, the flue gas flows upward and exits sequentially from the three smoke outlets 212. That is, along the direction of flue gas flow, the inner diameter of the smoke inlet pipe 210 gradually decreases to balance the flue gas velocity exiting from each smoke outlet 212 to a certain extent.

[0135] To further achieve balanced airflow velocity, the two lower smoke inlets 212 of the three smoke outlets 212 are each equipped with a corresponding insert 221. The top end (outlet end) of the upper insert 221 is sealed to the bottom end of the first pipe section 213, and the top end (outlet end) of the lower insert 221 is sealed to the bottom end of the second pipe section 214. After the flue gas flow in the third pipe section 215 is diverted by the lower insert 221, part of the flue gas is discharged from the bottom smoke inlet 212, and the other part of the flue gas rises into the second pipe section 214. After the flue gas flow in the second pipe section 214 is diverted by the upper insert 221, part of the flue gas is discharged from the middle smoke inlet 212, and the other part of the flue gas rises into the first pipe section 213. The installation of the insert 221 achieves balanced flue gas flow velocity at the three smoke inlets 212.

[0136] exist Figure 1 and 13 In the illustrated embodiment, the low-temperature flue gas supply system includes four inlet pipes 210 and a main flue 230. The main flue 230 is horizontally arranged and is used to supply flue gas to the four inlet pipes 210 that are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The main flue 230 has one inlet 233 and four outlets 234, and the flue gas flow direction within the main flue 230 is from the inlet 233 to the direction away from the inlet 233.

[0137] The main flue 230 has a "progressive contraction" structure, comprising four sequentially connected pipes 231 along its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipe 231 closest to the inlet 233 of the main flue 230 is larger than that of the pipe 231 furthest from the inlet 233. The inlet 233 of the main flue 230 is located at the end of the pipe 231 with the largest inner diameter, furthest from the other pipes 231. The four outlets 234 are respectively located on the sidewalls of the four pipes 231 furthest from the inlet 233, and the four outlets 234 are of the same size. As an example, the inner diameters of the four pipes 231 are 3000mm, 2300mm, 1700mm, and 1000mm, respectively.

[0138] Regarding the issue in the original design where the flow rate at outlet 234, which is furthest from inlet 233, is significantly too high, such as... Figure 13 As shown, a throttling ring 232 is provided in the main flue 230. The throttling ring 232 is located at the inlet of the pipe 231 with the smallest inner diameter. The throttling ring 232 is connected to the inner wall of the smallest pipe 231 and extends inward. The width of the throttling ring 232 is 150mm. The throttling ring 232 is used to intercept the flue gas and reduce the flow of flue gas entering the pipe 231, thereby playing a role in balancing the flue gas in the main flue 230.

[0139] Figure 15 The results of the inventor's CFD numerical simulation of 16 low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers in the low-temperature adsorption system using the low-temperature flue gas supply system provided in this embodiment are as follows: the main flue duct 230 supplies flue gas to four flue gas inlet pipes 210 spaced apart in the horizontal direction. From Figure 15 It can be seen that the flue gas velocity distribution in each inlet pipe 210 is uniform after optimization, and the uniformity of the average flow velocity distribution at the inlet of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 is significantly improved.

[0140] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the cryogenic adsorption system includes a cryogenic flue gas supply system and sixteen cryogenic flue gas treatment chambers 300. The cryogenic flue gas supply system includes four inlet pipes 210 and a main flue duct 230. The inlet pipes 210 extend vertically to supply flue gas to the four vertically stacked cryogenic flue gas treatment chambers 300. The four inlet pipes 210 are spaced apart horizontally, and the main flue duct 230 supplies flue gas to the four inlet pipes 210. Figure 2 and 8 As shown, a stop 220 is provided inside the smoke inlet pipe 210. (As indicated...) Figure 2 and Figure 13 As shown, a throttling ring 232 is provided inside the main flue 230.

[0141] The inventor Figure 1 and Figure 2 The low-temperature adsorption system in the illustrated embodiment was subjected to CFD numerical simulation, and the results are as follows: Figures 15-17 As shown. From Figure 15 As can be seen, after optimization, the flue gas velocity distribution in each inlet pipe 210 is uniform, and the flue gas flow rate at the flue gas inlet of each low-temperature flue gas treatment chamber 300 is uniform. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the maximum flow deviation at the flue gas inlet of the sixteen low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers (300mm) is 2.9%, which meets the design requirements. Figure 17 As shown, the velocity distribution coefficient of the adsorption bed cross-section in the sixteen low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers is greater than 0.85, which meets the design requirements.

[0142] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0143] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0144] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0145] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0146] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0147] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature adsorption system, characterized in that, include: Multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers arranged in parallel, each chamber having a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; A low-temperature flue gas supply system includes a flue gas inlet pipe and a stop member. The flue gas inlet pipe has a flue gas inlet and multiple flue gas outlets. The multiple flue gas outlets are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the flue gas inlet pipe and are connected one-to-one with the flue gas inlets of multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers to supply low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers. The flue gas inlet pipe gradually or continuously contracts from the flue gas inlet along the flow direction of the low-temperature flue gas to each flue gas outlet. The stop member is located inside the flue gas inlet pipe and is connected to the inner wall surface of the flue gas inlet pipe. The stop member is provided at at least one of the multiple flue gas outlets adjacent to the flue gas inlet, and at least a portion of the stop member is spaced from the flue gas outlet. The stop member is used to divert the flow so that a portion of the airflow in the flue gas inlet pipe enters the flue gas outlet through the gap, and another portion of the airflow flows to the downstream flue gas outlet. The low-temperature smoke extraction system includes: The exhaust pipe has an outlet and multiple inlets, the multiple inlets are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the exhaust pipe, the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe gradually increases or increases in a stepwise manner towards the outlet along the flow direction of the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the temperature of the low-temperature clean flue gas is below room temperature. A buffer element is located inside the smoke outlet pipe and connected to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe. The buffer element is disposed at at least one of the plurality of air inlets adjacent to the air outlet, and at least a portion of the buffer element is spaced from the air inlet to buffer the airflow of flue gas entering the smoke outlet pipe through the air inlet. The multiple air inlets of the low-temperature flue gas system are connected one-to-one with the flue gas outlets of the multiple low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers to output the low-temperature clean flue gas in the low-temperature flue gas treatment chambers. The system includes multiple flue pipes arranged in parallel and extending vertically. The low-temperature flue gas supply system also includes a horizontally arranged main flue, which is connected to the inlets of the multiple flue pipes. The main flue gradually or continuously contracts towards each inlet along the flue gas flow direction. The main flue includes several sequentially connected pipes in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipes near the inlet of the main flue is larger than the inner diameter of the pipes away from the inlet of the main flue. The low-temperature flue gas supply system also includes a throttling ring, which is at least located at the inlet of the pipe with the smallest inner diameter among the multiple pipes.

2. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer element is a buffer tube that extends along the smoke outlet pipe. The buffer tube has an inlet end that is relatively far from the air outlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe and an outlet end that is relatively close to the air outlet.

3. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The smoke outlet pipe includes several pipe segments connected in sequence in its extension direction. The inner diameter of the pipe segment closer to the air outlet is larger than the inner diameter of the pipe segment farther from the air outlet. The buffer pipe is located in the pipe segment with the larger inner diameter among two adjacent pipe segments. The inlet end of the buffer pipe is connected to the inner wall surface of the pipe segment with the smaller inner diameter.

4. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least a portion of the smoke outlet pipe is a transition section, the inner diameter of which gradually increases from the point away from the air outlet to the point closer to the air outlet, and the inlet end of the buffer pipe is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke outlet pipe.

5. The low-temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The buffer tube is a straight tube, or the buffer tube is a flared tube and the buffer tube widens from the inlet end to the outlet end.

6. The low-temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The length of the buffer tube in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe is the same as the length of the air inlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe. The inlet end of the buffer tube is flush with the first edge of the air outlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe, close to the air outlet. The outlet end of the buffer tube is flush with the second edge of the air outlet in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe, away from the air outlet.

7. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer is a buffer plate, which has a first end away from the air outlet and a second end close to the air outlet. The first end of the buffer plate is connected to the inner wall of the smoke outlet pipe.

8. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet is located in the middle of the smoke outlet pipe. The number of air inlets on both sides of the air outlet is the same in the extension direction of the smoke outlet pipe. The buffer is provided at the two air inlets adjacent to the air outlet.

9. The low-temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stop is a tube extending along the smoke inlet pipe. The tube has an inlet end relatively close to the smoke inlet and an outlet end relatively far from the smoke inlet in the extending direction of the smoke inlet pipe. The outlet end of the tube is connected to the inner wall surface of the smoke inlet pipe; or... The stop is a baffle plate, which has a first end away from the smoke inlet and a second end close to the smoke inlet. The first end of the baffle plate is connected to the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe.

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