A pressing device

Abstract

The present invention provides a press-fitting device, which includes a base, a pressure head assembly, a back-rest assembly, a switching mechanism, a press-fitting drive assembly, and a robot. The switching mechanism includes a slide rail extending in the front-to-back direction and a first drive mechanism. The press-fitting drive assembly is slidably arranged on the slide rail; the back-rest assembly includes a back-rest mounting assembly and multiple back-rest mechanisms. The back-rest mounting assembly includes a mounting seat, a back plate, and a second drive mechanism. A guide rail is provided on the left side of the mounting seat, and the back plate is slidably arranged on the guide rail; each back-rest mechanism is sequentially arranged on the left side of the back plate from front to back; there are multiple pressure head assemblies, and each pressure head assembly is sequentially arranged on the top surface of the base from front to back and close to the slide rail. The size specifications of the pressure heads in each pressure head assembly are different; the press-fitting drive assembly is used to drive the pressure head of any pressure head assembly to move in the left and right directions to achieve press-fitting. The present invention can conveniently realize the press-fitting of bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls of various sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts manufacturing, and particularly relates to a press-fitting device. Background Art

[0002] During the casting of the engine cylinder block and cylinder head, waterway holes are often provided around the cylinder block to meet the exhaust and slag removal requirements of the cooling water channel. During assembly, bowl-shaped plugs are used to seal the waterway holes. However, the sizes of the waterway holes are often different, so it is necessary to press-fit bowl-shaped plugs of various sizes. In addition, in order to supply oil to multiple parts of the lubricating oil channel, multiple intersecting oilway holes are provided. During assembly, steel balls are also required to seal each oilway hole. Usually, multiple bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls of different sizes need to be pressed-fitted on the workpiece. Therefore, how to design a press-fitting device that can easily press-fit bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls of various sizes has become a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a press-fitting device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A press-fitting device, which includes a base, a pressing head assembly, a back-rest assembly, a switching mechanism, a press-fitting drive assembly, and a robot, wherein the switching mechanism includes a slide rail extending in a front-rear direction and a first drive mechanism, the slide rail being arranged on the left side of the top surface of the base, the press-fitting drive assembly being slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the first drive mechanism being used to drive the press-fitting drive assembly to slide on the slide rail; the back-rest assembly includes a back-rest mounting assembly and a plurality of back-rest mechanisms, the back-rest mounting assembly includes a mounting seat, a back plate, and a second drive mechanism, the mounting seat being arranged on the right side of the top surface of the base, a guide rail parallel to the slide rail being arranged on the left side of the mounting seat, the back plate being slidably arranged on the guide rail, and the back plate being slidably arranged on the guide rail. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the back plate to slide on the guide rail; each of the backing mechanisms is arranged in sequence from front to back on the left side of the back plate, and the backing mechanism is used to block the right side of the workpiece to be pressed; there are multiple pressing head assemblies, and each of the pressing head assemblies is arranged in sequence from front to back on the top surface of the base and close to the slide rail, and the size specifications of the pressing heads in each pressing head assembly are different; the robot is used to place the workpiece to be pressed on the top surface of the base, and make the workpiece to be pressed opposite to any one of the pressing head assemblies and located on the left side of each of the backing mechanisms; the pressing drive assembly is used to drive the pressing head of any one of the pressing head assemblies to move in the left and right directions to achieve pressing.

[0006] Preferably, the pressing head assembly also includes a fixed seat and a pressure rod extending in the left and right directions. The fixed seat is connected to the top surface of the base. The pressure rod is set on the top surface of the fixed seat for left and right sliding. The pressing head is set at the right end of the pressure rod, and the left end of the pressure rod is used to be connected to the press-fitting drive assembly.

[0007] Preferably, a sliding block is provided on the bottom surface of the left end of the pressure rod, and a sliding groove is provided on the top surface of the fixed seat for sliding cooperation with the sliding block; two locking cylinders are relatively provided at the left end of the top surface of the fixed seat, and the two locking cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the sliding groove, and a splint is provided on the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder, and the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder is perpendicular to the pressure rod, and the locking cylinder is used to push the splint close to or away from the sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, the press-fitting drive assembly includes a telescopic electric cylinder and a mounting bracket. The telescopic electric cylinder extends in the left and right directions. The telescopic electric cylinder is slidably arranged on the slide rail through the mounting bracket. The telescopic end of the telescopic electric cylinder is used to be connected to the left end of the pressure rod.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic end is provided with a T-shaped joint, the left end of the pressure rod is provided with a connecting block, the left side surface of the connecting block is provided with a T-shaped slot for matching with the T-shaped joint, and the T-shaped slot extends in the front-to-back direction.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting frame includes a mounting base and a mounting plate, the bottom surface of the mounting base is slidably arranged on the slide rail, the mounting plate is arranged on the top surface of the mounting base, and the telescopic electric cylinder is connected to the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, two slide rails are provided opposite to each other on the left side of the top surface of the base, and sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the mounting base plate, and the two sliders are slidably matched with the two slide rails in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0012] Preferably, the back-leaning mechanism includes a connecting frame and a back-leaning assembly, the right side plate of the connecting frame is connected to the back plate, and at least two back-leaning assemblies are provided on the left side plate of the connecting frame; the back-leaning assembly includes a linear cylinder, an elastic driving rod, and a connecting plate, the linear cylinder is provided on the left side plate, and the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder is provided to the right; the elastic driving rod is located below the linear cylinder and parallel to the linear cylinder, the left end of the elastic driving rod passes through the left side plate and is located on the left side of the left side plate, the right end of the elastic driving rod is vertically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate, the connecting plate is parallel to the left side plate, and the upper end of the connecting plate is vertically connected to the right end of the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the back-leaning assembly further comprises a brake cylinder provided on the left side plate, and the brake cylinder is used for clamping the elastic driving rod.

[0014] Preferably, there are two guide rails, which are relatively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the left side of the mounting seat; the upper and lower sides of the right side of the back plate are respectively slidably matched with the two guide rails.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The press-fitting device of the present invention, when in use, uses a robot to place the workpiece to be press-fitted on the top surface of the base, and makes the workpiece to be press-fitted opposite to a selected pressing head assembly and located on the left side of each back-rest mechanism, and then the first driving mechanism of the switching mechanism drives the press-fitting driving assembly to move on the slide rail, so that the press-fitting driving assembly is opposite to the selected pressing head assembly, and at the same time the second driving mechanism of the back-rest assembly drives each back-rest mechanism to move on the guide rail together with the back plate until the selected back-rest mechanism is placed behind the workpiece to be press-fitted, and then the selected back-rest mechanism is used to block the rear side of the workpiece to be press-fitted to support it, and then the press-fitting driving assembly starts to work and drives the selected back-rest mechanism to move. The pressure head of one pressure head assembly moves to the right and gradually approaches the workpiece to be pressed until the bowl-shaped plug or steel ball is pressed on the workpiece to be pressed; after that, the robot places the workpiece to be pressed in a position relative to the selected other pressure head assembly, and then performs the same pressing process as above. Since the size specifications of the pressure heads of each pressure head assembly are different, each pressure head can be adapted to bowl-shaped plugs or steel balls of different sizes. In this way, only a certain number of pressure head assemblies need to be selected for use according to needs, and the bowl-shaped plugs or steel balls of corresponding sizes can be pressed onto the workpiece to be pressed, so that the pressing device can easily realize the pressing of bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls of different sizes. At the same time, according to the different sizes of bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls that need to be pressed on different workpieces to be pressed, the required pressure head assembly can be flexibly selected for use, and the required back-leaning mechanism can be flexibly selected to support the workpiece to be pressed, so that the pressing device can be suitable for the pressing of different workpieces to be pressed, and its flexibility is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments, and further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a press-fitting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a T-shaped connector and a T-shaped slot provided in an embodiment of the present invention being connected;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a back-leaning mounting assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a back-leaning mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0023] 1. Base; 2. Press-fit drive assembly, 21. Telescopic electric cylinder, 22. Telescopic end,

[0024] 23. Install the base plate, 24. Install the plate;

[0025] 3. Pressure head assembly, 31. Pressure head, 32. Pressure rod, 33. Connecting block, 34. Sliding block,

[0026] 35. Locking cylinder, 36. Clamping plate, 37. Fixing seat, 38. T-slot;

[0027] 4. Back-mounting assembly, 41. Mounting seat, 42. Back plate, 43. Guide rail,

[0028] 44, second drive mechanism; 5, back-leaning mechanism, 51, right side plate, 52, left side plate,

[0029] 53. Linear cylinder, 54. Connecting plate, 55. Push rod, 56. Left end of push rod, 57. Spring, 58. Limit ring, 59. Brake cylinder; 6. Slide rail, 61. Drive motor, 62. Drive screw;

[0030] 7. Robot, 71. Fixture; 8. Workpiece to be pressed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the solution will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a press-fitting device, which includes a base 1, a pressing head assembly 3, a back-rest assembly, a switching mechanism, a press-fitting drive assembly 2, and a robot 7. The switching mechanism includes a slide rail 6 extending in the front-rear direction and a first drive mechanism. The slide rail 6 is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the base 1, and the press-fitting drive assembly 2 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 6. The first drive mechanism is used to drive the press-fitting drive assembly 2 to slide on the slide rail 6; the back-rest assembly includes a back-rest mounting assembly 4 and a plurality of back-rest mechanisms 5. The back-rest mounting assembly 4 includes a mounting seat 41, a back plate 42, and a second drive mechanism 44. The mounting seat is arranged on the right side of the top surface of the base, and a guide rail 43 parallel to the slide rail is provided on the left side of the mounting seat. The back plate 4 2 is slidingly arranged on the guide rail 43, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the back plate to slide on the guide rail; each of the backing mechanisms 5 is arranged on the left side of the back plate 42 from front to back, and the backing mechanism is used to block the right side of the workpiece 8 to be pressed; there are multiple press head assemblies 3, and each of the press head assemblies is arranged on the top surface of the base and close to the slide rail from front to back, and the size specifications of the press head 31 in each press head assembly are different; the robot 7 is used to place the workpiece to be pressed on the top surface of the base, and make the workpiece to be pressed opposite to any one of the press head assemblies and located on the left side of each of the backing mechanisms; the press driving assembly is used to drive the press head of any one of the press head assemblies to move in the left and right directions to achieve press fitting.

[0033] The pressing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when in use, uses a robot 7 to place the workpiece 8 to be pressed on the top surface of the base, and makes the workpiece to be pressed opposite to a selected pressing head assembly and located on the left side of each back-rest mechanism, and then the first driving mechanism of the switching mechanism drives the pressing driving assembly 2 to move back and forth on the slide rail 6, so that the pressing driving assembly is opposite to the selected pressing head assembly, and at the same time, the second driving mechanism of the back-rest assembly drives each back-rest mechanism to move back and forth on the guide rail together with the back plate until the selected back-rest mechanism is placed behind the workpiece to be pressed, and then, the selected back-rest mechanism 5 is used to press the workpiece to be pressed. The rear side of the component is blocked to support the workpiece to be pressed, to ensure the force balance during the pressing process and to avoid its deviation during the pressing process, and then the pressing drive assembly starts to work, driving the ram of the selected ram assembly to move to the right and gradually approach the workpiece to be pressed until the bowl-shaped plug or steel ball is pressed on the workpiece to be pressed; after that, the pressing drive assembly and the ram are returned to their positions, and the robot 7 places the workpiece to be pressed in a position relative to the selected other ram assembly, and then performs the same pressing process as above; repeat the above action flow until all the bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls required for the workpiece are pressed. Since the rams of each ram assembly have different sizes, each ram can be adapted to bowl-shaped plugs or steel balls of different sizes. In this way, only a certain number of ram assemblies need to be selected for use, and the bowl-shaped plugs or steel balls of corresponding sizes can be pressed onto the workpiece to be pressed, so that the pressing device can easily realize the pressing of bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls of different sizes. At the same time, according to the different sizes of bowl-shaped plugs and steel balls that need to be pressed on different workpieces to be pressed, the required pressing head assembly can be flexibly selected for use, and the required back-supporting mechanism can be flexibly selected to support the workpiece to be pressed, so that the pressing device can be suitable for pressing different workpieces to be pressed, and its flexibility is good.

[0034] Furthermore, the press head assembly also includes a fixed seat 37 and a pressure rod 32 extending in the left-right direction. The bottom of the fixed seat 37 is connected to the top surface of the base. The pressure rod is slidably mounted on the top surface of the fixed seat. The press head is mounted on the right end of the pressure rod, and the left end of the pressure rod 32 is connected to the press drive assembly. This solution makes the structure of the press head assembly relatively simple and also conveniently realizes the sliding arrangement of the press head on the fixed seat.

[0035] Specifically, a sliding block 34 is provided on the bottom surface of the left end of the pressure rod 32, and a sliding groove is provided on the top surface of the fixed seat for slidingly cooperating with the sliding block 34. Two locking cylinders 35 are provided on the left end of the top surface of the fixed seat. The two locking cylinders are respectively located on either side of the sliding groove. The cylinder rods of the locking cylinders are provided with clamping plates 36. The cylinder rods of the locking cylinders are perpendicular to the pressure rod. The locking cylinders are used to push the clamping plates toward or away from the sliding groove. With this solution, after the press-fitting drive assembly drives the pressure head back to its original position, the two locking cylinders are activated, pushing the two clamping plates toward each other and clamping the sliding block, so that the sliding block can be locked in the specified position, thereby ensuring that the position of the pressure rod is relatively fixed.

[0036] Furthermore, the press-fit drive assembly includes a telescopic electric cylinder 21 and a mounting bracket. The telescopic electric cylinder 21 extends horizontally and is slidably mounted on the slide rail via the mounting bracket. The telescopic end of the telescopic electric cylinder is connected to the left end of the pressing rod 32. This arrangement simplifies the structure of the press-fit drive assembly. As will be understood, when the telescopic electric cylinder is in operation, it drives its telescopic end to move horizontally, thereby driving the pressing rod and pressing head to move horizontally, achieving the press-fit operation and returning the pressing head to its original position. The slideway extends horizontally, and the sliding block can slide left and right along the slideway.

[0037] Specifically, the telescopic end is provided with a T-joint, and the left end of the pressure rod is provided with a connecting block. The left side of the connecting block 33 is provided with a T-slot 38 for mate with the T-joint, and the T-slot extends in the front-to-back direction. With this solution, when the first drive mechanism drives the press-fit drive assembly to slide relative to a certain press head assembly, the T-joint slides into the T-slot of the press head assembly and locates in the middle of the T-slot, thereby conveniently achieving automatic docking between the telescopic cylinder and the pressure rod. Furthermore, this docking method between the telescopic cylinder and the pressure rod reduces the coaxiality requirements between the two and reduces the difficulty of debugging. Furthermore, because the locking cylinder can clamp the sliding block, it ensures that the connecting block is always in the set position, thereby ensuring that the telescopic cylinder and the pressure rod can dock smoothly every time.

[0038] Furthermore, the mounting frame includes a mounting base 23 and a mounting plate 24. The bottom surface of the mounting base 23 slides on the slide rail 6, and the mounting plate 24 is mounted on the top surface of the mounting base 23. The telescopic cylinder 21 is connected to the mounting plate 24, thereby simplifying the mounting frame structure and conveniently enabling the telescopic cylinder to slide on the slide rail. Specifically, the mounting plate can be a U-shaped plate with an opening facing left, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder passes through the right baffle of the U-shaped plate and connects to a T-shaped joint.

[0039] Preferably, two slide rails 6 are relatively provided on the left side of the top surface of the base, and sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the mounting base plate, and the two sliders slide in a one-to-one correspondence with the two slide rails 6.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first drive mechanism may include a drive motor 61 and a drive screw 62 coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. A drive block is disposed on the bottom surface of the mounting base 23, and the drive block is provided with a screw hole for threaded engagement with the drive screw 62. The drive screw is positioned between and parallel to the two slide rails, and the drive motor 61 is disposed at the rear end on the left side of the top surface of the base. In this embodiment, when the drive motor rotates, its output shaft drives the drive screw 62 to rotate accordingly. The threaded engagement between the drive screw 62 and the drive block causes the drive block to move forward and backward along the drive screw. The drive block then drives the mounting base and the telescopic cylinder to move forward and backward along the slide rails, thereby switching the telescopic cylinder to engage with the pressure rod of a different ram assembly. The drive motor may preferably be a servo motor.

[0041] Furthermore, the back-leaning mechanism includes a connecting frame and a back-leaning assembly. The right side plate 51 of the connecting frame is connected to the back plate, and at least two back-leaning assemblies are provided on the left side plate 52 of the connecting frame; the back-leaning assembly includes a linear cylinder 53, an elastic driving rod, and a connecting plate 54. The linear cylinder is provided on the left side plate 52, and the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder is provided to the right; the elastic driving rod is located below the linear cylinder and parallel to the linear cylinder 53, the left end of the elastic driving rod passes through the left side plate 52 and is located on the left side of the left side plate, the right end of the elastic driving rod is vertically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate 54, the connecting plate 54 is parallel to the left side plate, and the upper end of the connecting plate 54 is vertically connected to the right end of the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder 53. With this solution, when the linear cylinder is activated, its cylinder rod drives the connecting plate to move leftward, which in turn drives the elastic drive rod to move leftward via the connecting plate, causing the front end of the elastic drive rod to abut against the right side of the workpiece to be pressed, thereby providing support for the workpiece to be pressed. It will be appreciated that the specific number of backrest components in the backrest mechanism and their specific placement on the left side plate can be flexibly adjusted as needed.

[0042] Specifically, the elastic drive rod includes a push rod 55, a limiting ring 58, and a spring 57. The limiting ring 58 is mounted on the right section of the push rod. The right end of the push rod is inserted into the through hole at the lower end of the connecting plate. The spring 57 is arranged between the limiting ring 58 and the connecting plate 54. With this solution, when the left end 56 of the push rod contacts the workpiece to be pressed, the spring can provide a good buffering effect.

[0043] Preferably, the backrest assembly further includes a brake cylinder 59 provided on the left side plate, and the brake cylinder 59 is used to clamp the elastic drive rod. Since the machined surface of the workpiece to be pressed needs to be protected, the front end of the elastic drive rod generally abuts against the blank area of ​​the workpiece to be pressed; since the thrust of the elastic drive rod is relatively small and it also has a buffering effect, it will not cause damage to the workpiece to be pressed. It is sufficient to only achieve contact between the elastic drive rod and the workpiece to be pressed. After the two come into contact, the brake cylinder begins to fill with oil, clamping the elastic drive rod so that the elastic drive rod can no longer move left or right, thereby providing better support for the workpiece to be pressed.

[0044] In other embodiments, other locking mechanisms may be used to lock the elastic drive rod, as long as the locking mechanism can lock the elastic drive rod after the elastic drive rod contacts the workpiece to be pressed, thereby preventing it from moving left and right.

[0045] Due to the different shapes of the workpieces to be pressed, when it is necessary to press-fit bowl-shaped plugs or steel balls in different positions, the parts or positions on the right side of the workpiece to be pressed that can be contacted are also different. Therefore, it is necessary to set different back-rest mechanisms 5, back-rest components with different installation positions and different numbers. The specific structure of the above-mentioned back-rest mechanism provided by the present invention is only one embodiment. The specific structure of each back-rest mechanism can be flexibly set as needed to adapt to different workpieces to be pressed and better meet the support requirements of different workpieces to be pressed. In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are three back-leaning mechanisms 5. The two back-leaning mechanisms at the rear have the same overall structure, except that the specific setting positions of the back-leaning components are different. The back-leaning mechanism at the front has a different specific structure from the other two back-leaning mechanisms.

[0046] Specifically, there are two guide rails 43, which are disposed opposite each other on the upper and lower sides of the left side of the mounting base; the upper and lower sides of the right side of the back plate are respectively slidably engaged with the two guide rails. The specific structure of the second drive mechanism can be the same as that of the first drive mechanism and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Preferably, the robot 7 clamps the workpiece 8 to be pressed through the robot clamp 71, and then places the workpiece to be pressed on the top surface of the base; pressure displacement monitoring can be used during the pressing process to ensure that the pressing force of each bowl-shaped plug or steel ball is within the qualified range; after the pressing is completed, the pressure head returns to its position first, and then the counter-leaning mechanism retreats and separates from the workpiece to be pressed.

[0048] The present invention does not require manual change of the pressing head, and the position of the pressing drive assembly and the back-rest mechanism is adjustable. The driving motors of the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism can be controlled by the controller, and different pressing head assemblies and corresponding back-rest mechanisms can be flexibly selected for pressing operations to ensure that the force is balanced each time the pressing is performed, and deformation or damage caused by uneven force on the workpiece as a whole is avoided; the robot, linear cylinder, brake cylinder, telescopic electric cylinder and locking cylinder can all be electrically connected to the controller to achieve automatic control. The present invention uses a linear cylinder with a small force to drive the elastic driving rod to press the workpiece to be pressed, and locks the elastic driving rod through a clamping cylinder with a large contact surface, so that the entire pressing device is stable and reliable, and the selection of the support point is not limited to the shape characteristics of the workpiece, and the applicability is wider; a hole can be reserved on the top surface of the base for installing a new pressing head assembly. For the expansion of new models, it is only necessary to add a pressing head assembly and replace the robot fixture. The co-line production is easy, the transformation cycle is short, and the cost is low.

[0049] The present invention controls the pressing process in real time through a telescopic electric cylinder; the elastic floating support method is not limited by the shape of the workpiece, has a wide applicability, and is reliable in pressing. The structure of the pressing head assembly can be flexibly set to cover all pressing positions, angles, postures, etc., with higher flexibility, which can effectively reduce the modification cost and modification cycle required for the subsequent expansion of new models.

[0050] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the contents of the present invention, relevant technical personnel in this field can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A press-fitting device, characterized in that: The invention relates to a robot, wherein the robot comprises a base, a pressure head assembly, a back-rest assembly, a switching mechanism, a press-fitting drive assembly, and the robot. The switching mechanism comprises a slide rail extending in the front-rear direction and a first drive mechanism. The slide rail is arranged on the left side of the top surface of the base. The press-fitting drive assembly is slidably arranged on the slide rail. The first drive mechanism is used to drive the press-fitting drive assembly to slide on the slide rail. The back-rest assembly comprises a back-rest mounting assembly and a plurality of back-rest mechanisms. The back-rest mounting assembly comprises a mounting seat, a back plate, and a second drive mechanism. The mounting seat is arranged on the right side of the top surface of the base. A guide rail parallel to the slide rail is arranged on the left side of the mounting seat. The back plate is slidably arranged on the guide rail. The second drive mechanism The driving mechanism is used to drive the back plate to slide on the guide rail; each of the back-rest mechanisms is sequentially arranged on the left side of the back plate from front to back, and the back-rest mechanism is used to block the right side of the workpiece to be pressed; there are multiple pressing head assemblies, and each of the pressing head assemblies is sequentially arranged on the top surface of the base from front to back and close to the slide rail, and the size specifications of the pressing heads in each pressing head assembly are different; the robot is used to place the workpiece to be pressed on the top surface of the base, and make the workpiece to be pressed opposite to any one of the pressing head assemblies and located on the left side of each of the back-rest mechanisms; the pressing driving assembly is used to drive the pressing head of any one of the pressing head assemblies to move in the left and right directions to achieve press-fitting; The back-leaning mechanism includes a connecting frame and a back-leaning assembly, the right side plate of the connecting frame is connected to the back plate, and at least two back-leaning assemblies are provided on the left side plate of the connecting frame; the back-leaning assembly includes a linear cylinder, an elastic driving rod, and a connecting plate, the linear cylinder is provided on the left side plate, and the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder is provided to the right; the elastic driving rod is located below the linear cylinder and parallel to the linear cylinder, the left end of the elastic driving rod passes through the left side plate and is located on the left side of the left side plate, the right end of the elastic driving rod is vertically connected to the lower end of the connecting plate, the connecting plate is parallel to the left side plate, and the upper end of the connecting plate is vertically connected to the right end of the cylinder rod of the linear cylinder; The back-leaning assembly further includes a brake oil cylinder provided on the left side plate, and the brake oil cylinder is used for clamping the elastic driving rod.

2. The press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The pressure head assembly also includes a fixed seat and a pressure rod extending in the left and right directions. The fixed seat is connected to the top surface of the base. The pressure rod is set on the top surface of the fixed seat for left and right sliding. The pressure head is set at the right end of the pressure rod, and the left end of the pressure rod is used to be connected to the press-fitting drive assembly.

3. The press-fitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding block is provided on the bottom surface of the left end of the pressure rod, and a sliding groove for sliding cooperation with the sliding block is provided on the top surface of the fixed seat; two locking cylinders are relatively provided on the left end of the top surface of the fixed seat, and the two locking cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the sliding groove, and a splint is provided on the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder. The cylinder rod of the locking cylinder is perpendicular to the pressure rod, and the locking cylinder is used to push the splint close to or away from the sliding groove.

4. The press-fitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that The press-fitting drive assembly includes a telescopic electric cylinder and a mounting bracket. The telescopic electric cylinder extends in the left and right directions. The telescopic electric cylinder is slidably arranged on the slide rail through the mounting bracket. The telescopic end of the telescopic electric cylinder is used to be connected to the left end of the pressure rod.

5. The press-fitting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic end is provided with a T-shaped joint, the left end of the pressure rod is provided with a connecting block, the left side surface of the connecting block is provided with a T-shaped slot for matching with the T-shaped joint, and the T-shaped slot extends in the front-to-back direction.

6. The press-fitting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The mounting frame includes a mounting base and a mounting plate. The bottom surface of the mounting base is slidably arranged on the slide rail. The mounting plate is arranged on the top surface of the mounting base. The telescopic electric cylinder is connected to the mounting plate.

7. The press-fitting device according to claim 6, characterized in that Two slide rails are arranged opposite to each other on the left side of the top surface of the base, and sliders are arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the mounting base plate, and the two sliders are slidably matched with the two slide rails in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The press-fitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: There are two guide rails, which are relatively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the left side of the mounting seat; the upper and lower sides of the right side of the back plate are respectively slidably matched with the two guide rails.

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