Abrasive flow processing fixture and method for removing burrs from mortise and tenon grooves

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of machining of turbine discs of aircraft engines, and provides a processing fixture and method for removing burrs of tongue and groove by abrasive flow. The processing fixture comprises a base, a clamping assembly, an outer clamping body, a positioning shaft, a locking nut and an installation positioning block. The outer clamping body is fixedly arranged on the base, and the clamping assembly comprises an upper clamping body and a lower clamping body provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is used to introduce and export abrasives into and out of the tongue and groove; the positioning shaft is fixedly connected to the base, and is used to realize radial positioning of the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body; the locking nut is connected to the upper end of the positioning shaft to lock the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body; the installation positioning block matches the shape of the tongue and groove and the guide groove, so as to be inserted into the tongue and groove and limit the relative rotation between the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body when tightening the locking nut. The present invention can avoid the misalignment of the guide groove and the tongue and groove in the process of clamping the turbine disc, thereby avoiding the adverse effects caused thereby, and improving the reliability of the fixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machining aero-engine turbine discs, and in particular to a machining fixture and a method for removing burrs of tongue and groove by using an abrasive flow. Background Art

[0002] The turbine disc is a key part of the hot end of an aircraft engine. The tenon is an important structure on the turbine disc. Several of them are evenly distributed along the rim and are used to assemble turbine blades with tenons. The tenon structure is complex and requires high processing accuracy. In the prior art, the technology of removing the burrs of the tenon by abrasive flow has been applied. For example, patent documents with publication numbers "CN117484389A" and "CN115229663A" all disclose the removal of the burrs of the tenon by abrasive flow. The turbine disc is clamped and fixed by a corresponding clamp. The clamp usually includes a base, a clamping assembly and an outer clamping body. The base is used to support other components. The clamping assembly is used to clamp and fix the turbine disc and surround an abrasive channel with the outer clamping body. When in use, the base is placed on the lower abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device, and the upper abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device presses the outer clamping body. The clamping assembly is provided with a guide structure corresponding to the tenon (usually a guide groove with the same size as the tenon) for guiding the abrasive into the tenon.

[0003] However, in the prior art, it is difficult to align the guide groove with the tenon, and in the process of clamping the turbine disc, the clamping assembly and the turbine disc are prone to relative rotation, which results in the guide groove and the tenon not being completely aligned. This can easily cause the abrasive flow to be unable to be evenly distributed in various parts of the tenon, resulting in uneven deburring effect; it may even cause the abrasive flow to directly impact the non-processing area, causing damage or deformation of the tenon. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fixture and method for removing burrs from tongue and groove by abrasive flow, so as to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fixture for processing abrasive flow to remove burrs from a mortise and tenon groove, comprising a base, a clamping assembly and an outer clamping body, wherein the outer clamping body is fixedly connected to the base, the clamping assembly comprises an upper clamping body and a lower clamping body, wherein the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body are provided with a guide groove matching the mortise and tenon groove to guide abrasive into and out of the mortise and tenon groove, and further comprising:

[0007] The positioning shaft is fixedly connected to the base, and the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body are sleeved on the positioning shaft and radial positioning is achieved through the positioning shaft;

[0008] A locking nut connected to the upper end of the positioning shaft to lock the lower clamp body, the turbine disc and the upper clamp body; and

[0009] The detachable installation positioning block matches the shape of the tenon and the guide groove to be inserted into the tenon and the guide groove to align the guide groove with the tenon and limit the relative rotation between the lower clamp body, the turbine disk and the upper clamp body when tightening the locking nut.

[0010] Optionally, the positioning shaft includes a center rod and a limiting cylinder, the center rod is fixedly connected to the base, the center of the limiting cylinder is provided with a center hole matched with the center rod, the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body are sleeved on the limiting cylinder and radial positioning is achieved through the limiting cylinder;

[0011] The limiting cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder connected by threads, the locking nut is connected to the upper end of the center rod and presses against the upper cylinder, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are both provided with a tapered portion, and the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body are provided with a tapered mouth matching the tapered portion so that the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body can clamp the turbine disc when the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected.

[0012] Optionally, the upper outer wall of the upper tube and the lower outer wall of the lower tube are both provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure can be adapted to a wrench tool so as to rotate the upper tube and the lower tube by the wrench tool.

[0013] Optionally, the clamping structure is in the shape of a regular hexagon.

[0014] Optionally, the upper clamp specifically includes an upper connecting seat and an upper chuck, and the upper chuck is connected to the upper connecting seat by fasteners; the lower clamp specifically includes a lower connecting seat and a lower chuck, and the lower chuck is connected to the lower connecting seat by fasteners; the guide groove is arranged on the upper chuck and the lower chuck.

[0015] Optionally, a positioning groove which is arranged concentrically with the positioning axis is provided on the base, and the outer wall of the outer clamp body cooperates with the positioning groove.

[0016] Optionally, the outer clamp specifically includes an upper support tube and a lower support tube, the lower support tube is fixedly connected to the base, and the lower end of the upper support tube is connected to the upper end of the lower support tube.

[0017] Optionally, the processing fixture further comprises a pressing piece, which is disposed on the top of the outer clamp body and is used to contact the upper abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device.

[0018] Optionally, a wear tube is provided at the lower end of the pressing member, and the outer wall of the wear tube cooperates with the inner wall of the outer clamp body.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for abrasive flow deburring of a tongue and groove, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Fix the outer clamp and the center rod to the base;

[0021] S2. Put the lower clamping body on the lower cylinder, stack the turbine disc and the upper clamping body on the lower clamping body in sequence, and insert the upper cylinder into the upper clamping body; rotate the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body, and insert the installation positioning block into the guide groove and the tenon groove, and then rotate the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder relatively to connect and tighten the two, so that the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body clamp the turbine disc;

[0022] S3, put the whole assembled in step S2 on the central rod and support it through the base, tighten the locking nut, and remove the installation positioning block.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: in the present invention, the installation positioning block is matched with the shape of the tenon and the guide groove, and the guide groove can be aligned with the tenon by inserting the installation positioning block into the tenon and the guide groove. At the same time, when tightening the locking nut, the installation positioning block can limit the relative rotation between the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body, avoiding the misalignment of the guide groove and the tenon during the process of clamping the turbine disc, thereby avoiding the adverse effects caused thereby and improving the reliability of the clamp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a processing fixture for removing burrs of a tongue and groove by an abrasive flow provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning block inserted into the guide groove and the mortise and tenon groove;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper tube;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower tube;

[0029] Icon: 1-base, 2-upper clamping body, 201-upper connecting seat, 202-upper chuck, 3-lower clamping body, 301-lower connecting seat, 302-lower chuck, 4-center rod, 5-upper cylinder, 501-conical part, 502-clamping structure, 6-lower cylinder, 7-locking nut, 8-installation positioning block, 9-outer clamping body, 901-upper support cylinder, 902-lower support cylinder, 10-pressing piece, 11-turbine disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment provides an abrasive flow mortise and tenon deburring processing fixture, comprising a base 1, a clamping assembly, an outer clamp body 9, a positioning shaft, a locking nut 7 and an installation positioning block 8.

[0032] The positioning shaft and the outer clamp body 9 are fixedly connected to the base 1, and the clamping assembly includes an upper clamp body 2 and a lower clamp body 3. When in use, the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2 are sleeved on the positioning shaft and radial positioning is achieved through the positioning shaft. The locking nut 7 is connected to the upper end of the positioning shaft, that is, the upper end of the positioning shaft is provided with a thread connected to the locking nut 7. After tightening the locking nut 7, the turbine disc 11 is clamped between the upper clamp body 2 and the lower clamp body 3, and the outer clamp body 9 and the clamping assembly are enclosed to form an abrasive channel. It should be understood that a plurality of openings are provided on the base 1 for the abrasive to be discharged.

[0033] The upper clamp body 2 and the lower clamp body 3 are provided with guide grooves matching the mortise and tenon. The guide groove on the upper clamp body 2 guides the abrasive into the mortise and tenon, and the guide groove on the lower clamp body 3 facilitates the abrasive to be guided out of the mortise and tenon while preventing the abrasive from contacting the non-processing area on the lower surface of the turbine disc 11.

[0034] The installation positioning block 8 matches the shape of the tenon and the guide groove, and the guide groove can be aligned with the tenon by inserting the installation positioning block 8 into the tenon and the guide groove. At the same time, when tightening the locking nut 7, the installation positioning block 8 can limit the relative rotation between the lower clamping body 3, the turbine disk 11 and the upper clamping body 2, avoiding the misalignment of the guide groove and the tenon during the process of clamping the turbine disk 11, thereby avoiding the adverse effects caused by this and improving the reliability of the clamp.

[0035] It is worth noting that if the locking nut 7 is loosened during use, it may still cause relative rotation between the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2, thereby causing the guide groove and the mortise and tenon to be misaligned. For this reason, the present invention has made the following improvements.

[0036] The positioning shaft includes a center rod 4 and a limiting cylinder. The center rod 4 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The connection method is not limited. For example, in this embodiment, a connector is provided at the bottom of the center rod 4, and the connector is connected to the base 1 by screws. In other embodiments, the center rod 4 is welded to the base 1. A center hole matching the center rod 4 is provided at the center of the limiting cylinder. On this basis, the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2 are sleeved on the limiting cylinder and radial positioning is achieved through the limiting cylinder.

[0037] The limiting cylinder includes an upper cylinder 5 and a lower cylinder 6 connected by threads, Figure 3 and Figure 4The upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6 are both provided with a tapered portion 501, and the upper clamp body 2 and the lower clamp body 3 are provided with tapered openings that cooperate with the tapered portion 501. When the upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6 are connected, the tapered portion 501 of the upper tube 5 presses the tapered opening of the upper clamp body 2 downward, and the tapered portion 501 of the lower tube 6 presses the tapered opening of the lower clamp body 3 upward, so that the turbine disc 11 is clamped between the upper clamp body 2 and the lower clamp body 3, and locking is achieved by using friction force through the cooperation between the tapered portion 501 and the tapered opening.

[0038] On the basis of the above, the locking nut 7 is connected to the upper end of the center rod 4 (that is, the upper end of the center rod 4 is provided with a thread). After the locking nut 7 is tightened, it is pressed against the upper tube 5. During use, even if the locking nut 7 is loosened, the above structure can still ensure that there will be no relative rotation between the lower clamping body 3, the turbine disk 11 and the upper clamping body 2, thereby further improving the reliability of the clamp.

[0039] Further, the upper end outer wall of the upper tube 5 and the lower end outer wall of the lower tube 6 of the present embodiment are both provided with a clamping structure 502, and the clamping structure 502 can be adapted to a wrench tool to rotate the upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6 by the wrench tool. As a choice, the clamping structure 502 of the present embodiment is in a regular hexagonal shape. Of course, in other embodiments, the clamping structure 502 can also be other shapes that are convenient for the wrench tool to clamp, or anti-skid measures such as anti-skid lines are provided on the upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6. It is easy to understand that when used, one of the upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6 can be fixed by a wrench tool, and the other can be rotated by another wrench tool, so that the upper tube 5 and the lower tube 6 can be connected.

[0040] Reference again Figure 1 In this embodiment, the upper clamp body 2 includes an upper connection seat 201 and an upper chuck 202, and the upper chuck 202 is connected to the upper connection seat 201 by fasteners (such as screws); the lower clamp body 3 includes a lower connection seat 301 and a lower chuck 302, and the lower chuck 302 is connected to the lower connection seat 301 by fasteners (such as screws); the guide groove is arranged on the upper chuck 202 and the lower chuck 302. It is worth noting that such a setting facilitates the replacement of upper chucks 202 and lower chucks 302 of different diameters to adapt to turbine disks 11 of different diameters, and facilitates the replacement of upper chucks 202 and lower chucks 302 after wear.

[0041] The base 1 is provided with a positioning groove arranged concentrically with the positioning axis, and the outer wall of the outer clamp body 9 cooperates with the positioning groove. Such a configuration can ensure that the cross-section of the abrasive channel at each tongue and groove position is consistent in the circumferential direction, which is convenient for controlling the passing speed of the abrasive. The outer clamp body 9 includes an upper support cylinder 901 and a lower support cylinder 902, and the lower support cylinder 902 is fixedly connected (for example, connected by screws) to the base 1, and the lower end of the upper support cylinder 901 is connected to the upper end of the lower support cylinder 902. As an option, the connection method between the upper support cylinder 901 and the lower support cylinder 902 can be the same as the prior art, and mutually matching steps are set at the adjacent ends of the two to achieve coaxial arrangement of the two.

[0042] The processing fixture of this embodiment also includes a pressing member 10, which is placed on the top of the outer clamp body 9. On the basis of the above, the pressing member 10 is placed on the top of the upper support cylinder 901. The pressing member 10 is used to contact the upper abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device. When in use, the base 1 is placed on the lower abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device, and the upper abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device is pressed on the pressing member 10, so that the pressing member 10 presses the upper support cylinder 901 on the upper support cylinder 901. As in the prior art, a conical material guide port can be set at the top of the inner wall of the pressing member 10 to introduce abrasive into the abrasive channel.

[0043] On the basis of the above, a wear tube is provided at the lower end of the clamping member 10 of the present embodiment, and the outer wall of the wear tube cooperates with the inner wall of the outer clamp body 9. It is worth noting that such a configuration facilitates the replacement of wear tubes with different inner diameters (that is, replacement of different clamping members 10) to adapt to turbine discs 11 with different diameters, and facilitates the replacement of the clamping member 10 after wear.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment provides a method for abrasive flow deburring of a tongue and groove, using the abrasive flow deburring of a tongue and groove fixture provided in Example 1. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Fix the outer clamp body 9 and the center rod 4 to the base 1. It is easy to understand that, based on the outer clamp body 9 being set as the above-mentioned split structure, this step only requires connecting the lower support cylinder 902 to the base 1, and the upper support cylinder 901 and the clamping piece 10 are placed after the installation of the turbine disc 11 is completed to avoid affecting the operation.

[0047] S2. Put the lower clamp body 3 on the lower cylinder 6, stack the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2 on the lower clamp body 3 in sequence, and insert the upper cylinder 5 into the upper clamp body 2. At this time, the radial positions of the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2 are limited; then slowly rotate the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2, that is, adjust the circumferential positions of the three, and gradually insert the installation positioning block 8 into the guide groove and the tenon groove during the adjustment process, so as to ensure that the guide groove is aligned with the tenon groove; then rotate the upper cylinder 5 and the lower cylinder 6 relative to each other to connect and tighten the two, so that the upper clamp body 2 and the lower clamp body 3 clamp the turbine disc 11, that is, this step connects the lower clamp body 3, the turbine disc 11 and the upper clamp body 2 into a whole before the turbine disc 11 is put on the center rod 4, and locks the three together through the cooperation of the tapered portion 501 and the tapered mouth, thereby improving reliability and better avoiding the relative rotation of the three and causing the misalignment of the guide groove and the tenon groove.

[0048] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in actual applications, a limiting boss (not shown) can be set at the upper end of the installation positioning block 8. After the installation positioning block 8 is inserted into the guide groove and the mortise and tenon, under the action of its own weight, the limiting boss abuts against the upper clamp body 2 to prevent it from falling off. This arrangement makes it unnecessary to limit the position of the installation positioning block 8 through other measures, thereby making subsequent operations more convenient.

[0049] S3. Put the whole assembled in step S2 on the center rod 4 and support it through the base 1, tighten the locking nut 7, remove the installation positioning block 8, and then install the upper support cylinder 901 and the clamping piece 10 to complete the assembly of the processed fixture.

[0050] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for removing burrs from a mortise and tenon groove by an abrasive flow, comprising a base, a clamping assembly and an outer clamping body, wherein the outer clamping body is fixedly connected to the base, and the clamping assembly comprises an upper clamping body and a lower clamping body, wherein the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body are provided with a guide groove matching the mortise and tenon groove to guide the abrasive into and out of the mortise and tenon groove, It is characterized in that Also includes: The positioning shaft comprises a center rod and a limiting cylinder, wherein the center rod is fixedly connected to the base, a center hole matching the center rod is arranged at the center of the limiting cylinder, a lower clamping body, a turbine disc and an upper clamping body are sleeved on the limiting cylinder and radial positioning is achieved through the limiting cylinder; the limiting cylinder comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder connected by threads, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are both provided with a tapered portion, and the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body are provided with a tapered opening matching the tapered portion, so that the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body clamp the turbine disc when the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected; A locking nut connected to the upper end of the center rod and pressed against the upper cylinder to lock the lower clamp body, the turbine disc and the upper clamp body; and The detachable installation positioning block matches the shape of the tenon and the guide groove to be inserted into the tenon and the guide groove to align the guide groove with the tenon and limit the relative rotation between the lower clamp body, the turbine disk and the upper clamp body when tightening the locking nut.

2. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The upper outer wall of the upper tube and the lower outer wall of the lower tube are both provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure can be adapted to a wrench tool so as to rotate the upper tube and the lower tube by the wrench tool.

3. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The clamping structure is in a regular hexagonal shape.

4. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The upper clamp specifically includes an upper connecting seat and an upper chuck, and the upper chuck is connected to the upper connecting seat by a fastener; the lower clamp specifically includes a lower connecting seat and a lower chuck, and the lower chuck is connected to the lower connecting seat by a fastener; the guide groove is arranged on the upper chuck and the lower chuck.

5. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The base is provided with a positioning groove which is arranged concentrically with the positioning shaft, and the outer wall of the outer clamp body cooperates with the positioning groove.

6. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The outer clamp specifically includes an upper support tube and a lower support tube, the lower support tube is fixedly connected to the base, and the lower end of the upper support tube is connected to the upper end of the lower support tube.

7. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The processing fixture also includes a pressing piece, which is placed on the top of the outer clamp body and is used to contact the upper abrasive cylinder of the abrasive flow device.

8. The abrasive flow deburring fixture for tongue and groove according to claim 7, It is characterized in that A wear tube is disposed at the lower end of the pressing member, and the outer wall of the wear tube is matched with the inner wall of the outer clamp body.

9. A method for abrasive flow deburring of a mortise and tenon groove, comprising: using the abrasive flow deburring fixture of any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Fix the outer clamp and the center rod to the base; S2. Put the lower clamping body on the lower cylinder, stack the turbine disc and the upper clamping body on the lower clamping body in sequence, and insert the upper cylinder into the upper clamping body; rotate the lower clamping body, the turbine disc and the upper clamping body, and insert the installation positioning block into the guide groove and the tenon groove, and then rotate the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder relatively to connect and tighten the two, so that the upper clamping body and the lower clamping body clamp the turbine disc; S3, put the whole assembled in step S2 on the central rod and support it through the base, tighten the locking nut, and remove the installation positioning block.

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