Engine waste heat utilization system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, and discloses a system and method for utilizing waste heat of an engine, wherein the waste heat utilization system comprises an engine, a heating pipe is arranged outside the engine, a water pump is arranged outside the engine, one end of the water pump is connected to a first water pipe, the first water pipe is connected to one end of the heating pipe, the side of the water pump is connected to a second water pipe, the middle of the second water pipe is connected to a first control valve, the side of the first control valve is connected to the other end of the heating pipe, a second control valve is arranged outside the first control valve, the end of the second water pipe is connected to the side of the second control valve, the upper end of the second control valve is connected to a third water pipe, the end of the third water pipe is connected to the other end of the water pump, a water tank is arranged outside the second control valve, and the water tank is connected to the second control valve and the third water pipe. The engine is heated by a small circulation of water flow, and then the pipeline is preheated by a medium circulation, and finally the water in the water tank is heated by a large circulation, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the hot water and the pipeline and reducing the maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, and in particular to an engine waste heat utilization system and method. Background Art

[0002] Engine waste heat recovery system is a technology used to capture and utilize waste heat emitted by internal combustion engines or other heat engines. This system is designed to improve energy efficiency, reduce energy waste, and may help reduce environmental impact.

[0003] The basic principle of heating water with engine waste heat is heat transfer: using a heat exchanger to transfer the heat energy in the engine coolant or other heat medium to water; the implementation method is to install an additional heat exchanger in the engine's cooling system, which transfers the heat energy in the engine coolant to an independent water circulation system.

[0004] At present, the existing technology usually sets a water jacket outside the engine. After the engine is started, a small circulation is first formed between the water jackets. After the engine temperature rises, a large circulation is formed between the water jacket and the water tank, thereby heating the water in the water tank. However, it is cold in winter, and the hot water in the large circulation directly enters the cold pipes. The temperature difference is too large, which can easily cause rapid expansion stimulation to the pipes, thereby easily affecting the service life of the pipes and increasing maintenance costs. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. We have proposed an engine waste heat utilization system and method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an engine waste heat utilization system and method, which has the beneficial effect of reducing the stimulation of rapid expansion of pipelines caused by hot water as much as possible, thereby extending the service life of the pipelines and reducing maintenance costs. It solves the problem mentioned in the above background technology that the prior art usually sets a water jacket outside the engine, and after the engine is started, a small circulation is first formed between the water jackets, and after the engine temperature rises, a large circulation is formed between the water jackets and the water tank, thereby heating the water in the water tank. However, in winter, it is cold, and the hot water in the large circulation directly enters the cold pipeline. The temperature difference is too large, which is easy to cause rapid expansion stimulation to the pipeline, thereby easily affecting the service life of the pipeline and increasing maintenance costs.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an engine waste heat utilization system, comprising an engine and a water jacket sleeved on the outside of the engine, a heating pipe is arranged between the water jacket and the engine, a water pump is arranged on the outside of the engine, one end of the water pump is connected to a first water pipe, the first water pipe is connected to one end of the heating pipe, a second water pipe is connected to the side of the water pump, a first control valve is connected to the middle of the second water pipe, a side of the first control valve is connected to the other end of the heating pipe, the first control valve is used to control the water flow direction in the heating pipe, a second control valve is connected to the end of the second water pipe, a third water pipe is connected to the upper end of the second control valve, the end of the third water pipe is connected to the other end of the water pump, a water tank is arranged on the outside of the second control valve, the second control valve is used to control the water flow direction in the second water pipe, a cold water chamber and a hot water chamber are arranged inside the water tank, the lower end of the second control valve is connected to the hot water chamber, and the middle of the third water pipe is also connected to the hot water chamber.

[0007] As an optional solution of an engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, wherein: the heating pipe is arranged inside the water jacket, the middle part of the heating pipe is arranged in a spiral shape, the middle part of the heating pipe surrounds the outer wall of the engine, and the middle part of the heating pipe is in close contact with the outer wall of the engine, and both ends of the heating pipe are inserted into the side of the water jacket.

[0008] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, wherein: the first control valve is set as a three-way valve, the second water pipe is connected to the upper and lower ends of the first control valve, and the other end of the heating pipe is connected to the side of the first control valve;

[0009] A movable block is provided inside the first control valve, a piston is slidably provided inside the movable block, hot melt wax is filled between the piston and the movable block, a connecting rod is installed on the side of the piston away from the movable block, the connecting rod is slidably plugged into the side wall of the movable block, a first support frame is installed on the inner wall of the first control valve, the outer end of the connecting rod is connected to the first support frame, a spring is installed between the movable block and the first support frame, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0010] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, wherein: a first valve plate is installed at the upper end of the movable block, a baffle is installed on the inner wall of the first control valve, and a second valve plate is installed at the lower end of the movable block;

[0011] The spring is configured as a tension spring. Under the influence of the spring elastic force, the first valve plate contacts the baffle plate in a normal state, and the second valve plate is in an open state.

[0012] When the hot melt wax expands due to heat, the spring stretches and expands, the first valve plate moves away from the baffle, the second valve plate contacts the inner wall of the first control valve, and the first valve plate is in an open state;

[0013] The second control valve has the same internal structure as the first control valve.

[0014] As an optional scheme of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, wherein: a partition is installed on the inner wall of the water tank, the partition divides the inside of the water tank into the cold water chamber and the hot water chamber, the cold water chamber is arranged on the upper side of the hot water chamber, a water inlet pipe is inserted on the upper side of the water tank, the water inlet pipe is connected to the cold water chamber, the water inlet pipe is used to inject water into the cold water chamber, a through hole is opened in the middle of the partition, the upper end of the through hole is connected to the cold water chamber, and the lower end of the through hole is connected to the hot water chamber, an insulation layer is arranged in the hot water chamber, and the insulation layer is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank and the lower side of the partition.

[0015] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, a second support frame is arranged in the through hole, the second support frame is connected to the partition, a sliding rod is slidably inserted in the middle of the second support frame, a sealing piece is installed at the lower end of the sliding rod, the sealing piece is arranged in the hot water chamber, the diameter of the sealing piece is larger than the diameter of the through hole, the sealing piece intermittently conflicts with the partition, and a float is installed on the lower side of the sealing piece.

[0016] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, wherein: the lower end of the second control valve is connected to the bottom of the hot water chamber, a fourth water pipe is arranged in the hot water chamber, one end of the fourth water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the hot water chamber, the other end of the fourth water pipe is plugged into the side wall of the water tank, a one-way valve is installed on the side wall of the water tank, one end of the one-way valve is connected to the fourth water pipe, the other end of the one-way valve is connected to the third water pipe, and the water in the hot water chamber enters the third water pipe through the fourth water pipe and the one-way valve;

[0017] The first water pipe is configured as a straight pipe, and the second water pipe, the third water pipe and the fourth water pipe are configured as “L”-shaped pipes.

[0018] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are plugged into the side of the water tank, the first connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the cold water chamber, and the second connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the hot water chamber, a shell is provided on the outside of the water tank, the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are both plugged into the side of the shell, and a thermostat is rotatably installed on the inside of the shell, the thermostat is in sliding contact with the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, the thermostat is sealed with the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe by conventional technical means, and the thermostat is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the shell and remains sealed.

[0019] As an optional solution of the engine waste heat utilization system described in the present invention, the side of the thermostat is provided with a first water outlet hole and a second water outlet hole. Under normal conditions, the first water outlet hole, the second water outlet hole and the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are all in a misaligned state, so that the thermostat seals the ends of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. A lever is installed on the outside of the thermostat, and the lever is inserted into the side of the shell. A water outlet pipe is connected to the other side of the shell.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for utilizing engine waste heat, comprising the following specific steps:

[0021] S. Initial start-up temperature rise of the engine: the engine is started, so that the internal temperature of the engine gradually rises, and the water flows through part of the pipes to form a small cycle, so that the engine heats up quickly;

[0022] S. Preheating of the second water pipe and the third water pipe: As the temperature of the engine rises, the water flow that is initially heated to warm water forms a medium circulation through the pipes, and the pipes in the medium circulation are preheated;

[0023] S. Heating the water in the hot water chamber: After the engine is heated to the optimal operating temperature, it continues to heat up, so that the water flows through the pipeline and the hot water chamber to form a large circulation, thereby heating the water in the hot water chamber.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The engine waste heat utilization system and method, through the setting of the water pump, the water flows into the heating pipe through the first water pipe, exchanges heat with the engine casing when flowing through the heating pipe, so that the cold water is heated, and then flows back to the water pump through the first control valve, repeating the above steps, so that the water flows in turn form a small cycle among the heating pipe, the first control valve, the water pump and the first water pipe, so that the water flow is initially heated and the engine heats up quickly, and then, as the water temperature rises, the water flow that is initially heated to warm water forms a medium cycle among the heating pipe, the first control valve, the second water pipe, the second control valve, the third water pipe, the water pump and the first water pipe, so as to preheat the second water pipe and the third water pipe.

[0026] After the engine is heated to the optimal operating temperature, it continues to heat up, so that the water flows in sequence among the heating pipe, the first control valve, the second water pipe, the second control valve, the hot water chamber, the fourth water pipe, the one-way valve, the third water pipe, the water pump and the first water pipe to form a large circulation, thereby heating the water in the water tank. In summary, the hot water flows through the second water pipe and the third water pipe that have been preheated by warm water, reducing the temperature difference between it and the hot water, and minimizing the stimulation to the second water pipe and the third water pipe, thereby extending the service life of the pipes and reducing maintenance costs.

[0027] 2. The engine waste heat utilization system and method, when the engine is initially started, the temperature gradually rises, so that the cold water is gradually heated through the upper end of the first control valve for a small circulation. As the temperature of the water flowing through the first control valve rises, the hot melt wax in the movable block absorbs heat and melts and expands. The expanded hot melt wax squeezes the piston. Since the piston is in a fixed position, the movable block drives the first valve plate and the second valve plate to rise, so that the upper end of the first control valve is closed by the second valve plate. At the same time, the first valve plate is away from the baffle, so that the lower end of the first control valve is opened, so that the lower end of the first control valve is connected to the second water pipe, so that the water flow is circulating;

[0028] Similarly, since the melting point of the hot-melt wax in the second control valve is higher than that of the hot-melt wax in the first control valve, after the water temperature in the medium circulation rises again, the hot-melt wax in the second control valve will melt and expand, thereby closing the upper end of the second control valve, and at the same time, opening the lower end of the second control valve connected to the hot water chamber, so that the water flow can circulate in a large cycle, thereby heating the water in the hot water chamber. In summary, it is convenient to control the opening and closing of the small cycle, the medium cycle and the large cycle by regulating the opening direction of the first control valve and the second control valve, so as to preheat the pipeline and reduce the temperature difference between the pipeline and the hot water.

[0029] 3. The engine waste heat utilization system and method comprises the following steps: a lever is squeezed by hand to rotate the temperature regulating plate, so that the first water outlet is gradually connected with the first connecting pipe, and before the first water outlet is completely connected with the first connecting pipe, the second water outlet is not connected with the second connecting pipe, so that cold water is released through the first connecting pipe; when the first water outlet is gradually separated from the first connecting pipe, the second water outlet is gradually connected with the second connecting pipe, so that the cold water in the first connecting pipe and the hot water in the second connecting pipe are released at the same time, so as to adjust the water temperature; when the first water outlet is completely separated from the first connecting pipe, the second water outlet is completely connected with the second connecting pipe, so that the hot water in the second connecting pipe is released, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water temperature when using water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the heating tube structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the water tank of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plugging piece of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first control valve in the initial state of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the upper end of the first control valve of the present invention is opened.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the temperature regulating sheet of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the rotation structure of the temperature regulating plate of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the local explosion structure of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1, engine; 100, water jacket; 110, heating pipe; 120, water pump; 130, first water pipe; 140, second water pipe; 150, first control valve; 151, movable block; 152, piston; 153, hot melt wax; 154, connecting rod; 155, first support frame; 156, spring; 157, first valve plate; 158, baffle; 159, second valve plate; 160, second control valve; 170, third water pipe; 180, water tank; 190 , cold water chamber; 200, hot water chamber; 201, water inlet pipe; 210, partition; 211, through hole; 212, insulation layer; 220, second support frame; 221, slide rod; 222, blocking piece; 223, float; 230, fourth water pipe; 231, one-way valve; 240, first connecting pipe; 241, second connecting pipe; 242, shell; 243, temperature regulating piece; 250, first water outlet; 251, second water outlet; 252, lever; 253, water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1: This embodiment aims to promote the solution of the problem that the prior art usually sets a water jacket outside the engine, and a small circulation is first formed between the water jacket after the engine is started, and a large circulation is formed between the water jacket and the water tank after the engine temperature rises, so as to heat the water in the water tank. However, in winter, it is cold, and the hot water in the large circulation directly enters the cold pipe. The temperature difference is too large, which is easy to stimulate the rapid expansion of the pipe, thereby easily affecting the service life of the pipe and increasing the maintenance cost. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A system for utilizing waste heat from an engine comprises an engine 1 and a water jacket 100 sleeved on the outside of the engine 1. A heating pipe 110 is arranged between the water jacket 100 and the engine 1. The heating pipe 110 is arranged inside the water jacket 100. The middle portion of the heating pipe 110 is arranged in a spiral shape. The middle portion of the heating pipe 110 surrounds the outer wall of the engine 1, and the middle portion of the heating pipe 110 is in close contact with the outer wall of the engine 1. Both ends of the heating pipe 110 are fixedly plugged into the side of the water jacket 100.

[0044] A water pump 120 is provided on the outside of the engine 1, one end of the water pump 120 is connected to a first water pipe 130, the first water pipe 130 is connected to one end of the heating pipe 110, the side of the water pump 120 is connected to a second water pipe 140, the middle of the second water pipe 140 is connected to a first control valve 150, the side of the first control valve 150 is connected to the other end of the heating pipe 110, and the first control valve 150 is used to control the direction of water flow in the heating pipe 110.

[0045] A second control valve 160 is arranged on the outside of the first control valve 150, the end of the second water pipe 140 is connected to the side of the second control valve 160, the upper end of the second control valve 160 is connected to the third water pipe 170, the end of the third water pipe 170 is connected to the other end of the water pump 120, and a water tank 180 is arranged on the outside of the second control valve 160. The second control valve 160 is used to control the water flow direction in the second water pipe 140. A cold water chamber 190 and a hot water chamber 200 are arranged inside the water tank 180, and the hot water chamber 200 is respectively connected to the second control valve 160 and the third water pipe 170.

[0046] A partition 210 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water tank 180, and the partition 210 divides the interior of the water tank 180 into a cold water chamber 190 and a hot water chamber 200. The cold water chamber 190 is arranged on the upper side of the hot water chamber 200. A water inlet pipe 201 is fixedly inserted on the upper side of the water tank 180, and the water inlet pipe 201 is connected to the cold water chamber 190. The water inlet pipe 201 is used to inject water into the cold water chamber 190. A through hole 211 is opened in the middle of the partition 210. The upper end of the through hole 211 is connected to the cold water chamber 190, and the lower end of the through hole 211 is connected to the hot water chamber 200. An insulation layer 212 is arranged in the hot water chamber 200, and the insulation layer 212 is fixedly fitted to the inner wall of the water tank 180 and the lower side of the partition 210.

[0047] A second support frame 220 is arranged in the through hole 211, and the second support frame 220 is fixedly connected to the partition 210. A slide rod 221 is slidably inserted in the middle of the second support frame 220, and a sealing piece 222 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the slide rod 221. The sealing piece 222 is arranged in the hot water chamber 200. The diameter of the sealing piece 222 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 211. A gap is left between the sealing piece 222 and the through hole 211, and a float 223 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the sealing piece 222.

[0048] The lower end of the second control valve 160 is connected to the bottom of the hot water chamber 200. A fourth water pipe 230 is arranged in the hot water chamber 200. One end of the fourth water pipe 230 is arranged at the bottom of the hot water chamber 200, and the other end of the fourth water pipe 230 is fixedly plugged into the side wall of the water tank 180. A one-way valve 231 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank 180. One end of the one-way valve 231 is connected to the fourth water pipe 230, and the other end of the one-way valve 231 is connected to the third water pipe 170. The water in the hot water chamber 200 enters the third water pipe 170 through the fourth water pipe 230 and the one-way valve 231. The first water pipe 130 is set as a straight pipe, and the second water pipe 140, the third water pipe 170 and the fourth water pipe 230 are all set as "L"-shaped pipes.

[0049] This embodiment also includes a method for utilizing engine waste heat, including the following specific steps:

[0050] S1. Initial start-up and heating of engine 1: Engine 1 is started, so that the internal temperature of engine 1 gradually increases, so that water flows through part of the pipe to form a small cycle, thereby causing engine 1 to heat up quickly;

[0051] S2. Preheating of the second water pipe 140 and the third water pipe 170: As the temperature of the engine 1 rises, the water flow that is initially heated to warm water forms a medium circulation through the pipes, and the pipes in the medium circulation are preheated;

[0052] S3. Heating the water in the hot water chamber 200: After the engine 1 is heated to the optimal operating temperature, it continues to heat up, so that the water flows through the pipe and the hot water chamber 200 to form a large circulation, thereby heating the water in the hot water chamber 200.

[0053] In this embodiment: First, through the setting of the water pump 120, the water flows into the heating pipe 110 through the first water pipe 130, exchanges heat with the engine 1 casing when flowing through the heating pipe 110, so that the cold water is heated, and then flows back to the water pump 120 through the first control valve 150, and repeats the above steps, so that the water flows in turn form a small circulation among the heating pipe 110, the first control valve 150, the water pump 120 and the first water pipe 130, so that the water flow is preliminarily heated and the engine 1 heats up quickly, and then, as the water temperature rises, the water flow that is preliminarily heated to warm water forms a medium circulation among the heating pipe 110, the first control valve 150, the second water pipe 140, the second control valve 160, the third water pipe 170, the water pump 120 and the first water pipe 130, so as to preheat the second water pipe 140 and the third water pipe 170.

[0054] Finally, the engine 1 continues to heat up after it has heated up to the optimal operating temperature, so that the water flows in sequence through the heating pipe 110, the first control valve 150, the second water pipe 140, the second control valve 160, the hot water chamber 200, the fourth water pipe 230, the one-way valve 231, the third water pipe 170, the water pump 120 and the first water pipe 130 to form a large circulation, thereby heating the water in the water tank 180. In summary, the hot water flows through the second water pipe 140 and the third water pipe 170 preheated by warm water, reducing the temperature difference between it and the hot water, and minimizing the impact on the hot water. The second water pipe 140 and the third water pipe 170 are stimulated, thereby extending the service life of the pipes and reducing maintenance costs, and solving as much as possible the problem that the prior art usually sets a water jacket outside the engine, and a small circulation is first formed between the water jackets after the engine is started, and a large circulation is formed between the water jackets and the water tank after the engine temperature rises, thereby heating the water in the water tank. However, it is cold in winter, and the hot water in the large circulation directly enters the cold pipes. The temperature difference is too large, which can easily cause rapid expansion stimulation to the pipes, thereby easily affecting the service life of the pipes and increasing maintenance costs.

[0055] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is intended to promote the solution of the problem that it is inconvenient to adjust the opening direction of the first control valve 150 and the second control valve 160, which makes it inconvenient to control the opening and closing of the small cycle, the medium cycle and the large cycle, and thus it is inconvenient to preheat the second water pipe 140 and the third water pipe 170, and thus it is inconvenient to reduce the maintenance cost. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first control valve 150 is set as a three-way valve, the second water pipe 140 is connected to the upper and lower ends of the first control valve 150, the other end of the heating tube 110 is connected to the side of the first control valve 150, a movable block 151 is arranged inside the first control valve 150, a piston 152 is slidably arranged inside the movable block 151, hot melt wax 153 is filled between the piston 152 and the movable block 151, a connecting rod 154 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the piston 152, the connecting rod 154 is slidably inserted on the upper side of the movable block 151, a first support frame 155 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first control valve 150, the top of the connecting rod 154 is fixedly connected to the first support frame 155, a spring 156 is sleeved on the upper end of the connecting rod 154, the lower end of the spring 156 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the movable block 151, and the upper end of the spring 156 is fixedly connected to the first support frame 155.

[0056] The first valve plate 157 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the movable block 151, and a baffle 158 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first control valve 150. The second valve plate 159 is installed on the lower end of the movable block 151. The spring 156 is set as a tension spring. In normal state, the first valve plate 157 is affected by the elastic force of the spring 156, and the baffle 158 is in conflict with the second valve plate 159. When the hot melt wax 153 expands due to heat, the spring 156 stretches and expands, the first valve plate 157 is away from the baffle 158, and the second valve plate 159 is in an open state. The inner wall of the valve 150 is in conflict, and the first valve plate 157 is in an open state; the second control valve 160 has the same internal structure as the first control valve 150, the hot melt wax 153 filled in the first control valve 150 is set to paraffin, and the hot melt wax 153 filled in the second control valve 160 is set to a mixture of paraffin and beeswax, so that the melting point of the mixture is higher than the melting point of pure paraffin, so that the upper end of the first control valve 150 opens first for medium circulation, and the upper end of the second control valve 160 opens later for large circulation.

[0057] In this embodiment: when the engine 1 is initially started, the temperature gradually rises, so that the cold water is gradually heated through the upper end of the first control valve 150 for a small circulation. As the temperature of the water flowing through the first control valve 150 rises, the hot melt wax 153 in the movable block 151 absorbs heat, melts and expands. The expanded hot melt wax 153 squeezes the piston 152. Since the position of the piston 152 is fixed, the movable block 151 drives the first valve plate 157 and the second valve plate 159 to rise, so that the upper end of the first control valve 150 is closed by the second valve plate 159. At the same time, the first valve plate 157 is away from the baffle 158, so that the lower end of the first control valve 150 is opened, so that the lower end of the first control valve 150 is connected with the second water pipe 140, so that the water flow is circulating;

[0058] Similarly, since the melting point of the hot-melt wax 153 in the second control valve 160 is higher than the melting point of the hot-melt wax 153 in the first control valve 150, after the water flow temperature in the medium circulation increases again, the hot-melt wax 153 in the second control valve 160 will melt and expand, thereby closing the upper end of the second control valve 160, and at the same time, the lower end of the second control valve 160 connected to the hot water chamber 200 is opened, so that the water flow can circulate in a large cycle, thereby heating the water in the hot water chamber 200. In summary, it is convenient to control the opening and closing of the small cycle, the medium cycle and the large cycle by adjusting the opening direction of the first control valve 150 and the second control valve 160, so as to preheat the pipeline and reduce the temperature difference between the pipeline and the hot water.

[0059] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is intended to solve the problem of inconvenience in adjusting the water temperature when using water. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 A first connecting pipe 240 and a second connecting pipe 241 are fixedly plugged into the side of the water tank 180, the first connecting pipe 240 is connected to the bottom of the cold water chamber 190, and the second connecting pipe 241 is connected to the bottom of the hot water chamber 200. A shell 242 is arranged on the outside of the water tank 180, and the ends of the first connecting pipe 240 and the second connecting pipe 241 are fixedly plugged into the side of the shell 242, and a thermostatic plate 243 is rotatably installed on the inside of the shell 242, and the thermostatic plate 243 is in sliding contact with the ends of the first connecting pipe 240 and the second connecting pipe 241, and the thermostatic plate 243 and the ends of the first connecting pipe 240 and the second connecting pipe 241 are sealed by conventional technical means, and the thermostatic plate 243 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the shell 242 and remains sealed.

[0060] A first water outlet hole 250 and a second water outlet hole 251 are provided on the side of the temperature regulating plate 243. In the initial state, the first water outlet hole 250, the second water outlet hole 251 and the ends of the first connecting pipe 240 and the second connecting pipe 241 are all in a misaligned state, so that the temperature regulating plate 243 seals the ends of the first connecting pipe 240 and the second connecting pipe 241. A lever 252 is fixedly installed on the outside of the temperature regulating plate 243, and the lever 252 is inserted into the side of the shell 242. The other side of the shell 242 is connected to the water outlet pipe 253.

[0061] In this embodiment: the hand-pumping lever 252 rotates the temperature regulating plate 243, so that the first water outlet 250 is gradually connected with the first connecting pipe 240, and before the first water outlet 250 is completely connected with the first connecting pipe 240, the second water outlet 251 is not connected with the second connecting pipe 241, so that cold water is released through the first connecting pipe; when the first water outlet 250 is gradually separated from the first connecting pipe 240, the second water outlet 251 is gradually connected with the second connecting pipe 241, so that the cold water in the first connecting pipe 240 and the hot water in the second connecting pipe 241 are released at the same time, so as to adjust the water temperature; when the first water outlet 250 is completely separated from the first connecting pipe 240, the second water outlet 251 is completely connected with the second connecting pipe 241, so that the hot water in the second connecting pipe 241 is released, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the water temperature when using water. In addition, by changing the size of the overlapping area of ​​the first water outlet 250 and the first connecting pipe 240, the flow rate of cold water outflow can be adjusted, and the flow rate of hot water outflow can also be adjusted in the same way.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0063] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine waste heat utilization system, comprising an engine (1), and a water jacket (100) arranged outside the engine (1), characterized in that: A heating pipe (110) is provided between the water jacket (100) and the engine (1); a water pump (120) is provided outside the engine (1); one end of the water pump (120) is connected to a first water pipe (130); the first water pipe (130) is connected to one end of the heating pipe (110); a second water pipe (140) is connected to the side of the water pump (120); a first control valve (150) is connected to the middle of the second water pipe (140); the first control valve (150) 0) side is connected to the other end of the heating pipe (110), the first control valve (150) is used to control the direction of water flow in the heating pipe (110), the end of the second water pipe (140) is connected to the second control valve (160), the upper end of the second control valve (160) is connected to the third water pipe (170), the end of the third water pipe (170) is connected to the other end of the water pump (120), a water tank (180) is arranged outside the second control valve (160), and the second The control valve (160) is used to control the direction of water flow in the second water pipe (140); a cold water chamber (190) and a hot water chamber (200) are arranged inside the water tank (180); the lower end of the second control valve (160) is connected to the hot water chamber (200); the middle part of the third water pipe (170) is also connected to the hot water chamber (200); the heating pipe (110) is arranged inside the water jacket (100); the middle part of the heating pipe (110) is arranged in a spiral shape; The middle part of the tube (110) surrounds the outer wall of the engine (1), and the middle part of the heating tube (110) is in close contact with the outer wall of the engine (1), both ends of the heating tube (110) are plugged into the side of the water jacket (100), the first control valve (150) is configured as a three-way valve, the second water pipe (140) is connected to the upper and lower ends of the first control valve (150), and the other end of the heating tube (110) is connected to the side of the first control valve (150); A movable block (151) is arranged inside the first control valve (150), a piston (152) is slidably arranged inside the movable block (151), hot melt wax (153) is filled between the piston (152) and the movable block (151), a connecting rod (154) is installed on the side of the piston (152) away from the movable block (151), the connecting rod (154) is slidably plugged into the side wall of the movable block (151), and a first support is installed on the inner wall of the first control valve (150). The outer end of the connecting rod (154) is connected to the first support frame (155), a spring (156) is installed between the movable block (151) and the first support frame (155), the spring (156) is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rod (154), a first valve plate (157) is installed on the upper end of the movable block (151), a baffle (158) is installed on the inner wall of the first control valve (150), and a second valve plate (159) is installed on the lower end of the movable block (151); The spring (156) is configured as a tension spring, and in a normal state, under the influence of the elastic force of the spring (156), the first valve plate (157) is in contact with the baffle (158), and the second valve plate (159) is in an open state; When the hot melt wax (153) expands due to heat, the spring (156) stretches and expands, the first valve plate (157) moves away from the baffle (158), the second valve plate (159) contacts the inner wall of the first control valve (150), and the first valve plate (157) is in an open state; The second control valve (160) has the same internal structure as the first control valve (150); the melting point of the hot melt wax (153) in the second control valve (160) is higher than the melting point of the hot melt wax (153) in the first control valve (150); a first connecting pipe (240) and a second connecting pipe (241) are plugged into the side of the water tank (180); the first connecting pipe (240) is connected to the bottom of the cold water chamber (190), and the second connecting pipe (241) is connected to the bottom of the hot water chamber (200). The water tank (180) is connected to the water tank (180), a shell (242) is arranged outside the water tank (180), the ends of the first connecting pipe (240) and the second connecting pipe (241) are both plugged into the side of the shell (242), a temperature regulating plate (243) is rotatably mounted inside the shell (242), the temperature regulating plate (243) is in sliding contact with the ends of the first connecting pipe (240) and the second connecting pipe (241), and a seal is maintained; the temperature regulating plate (243) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the shell (242), and a seal is maintained.

2. The engine waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (210) is installed on the inner wall of the water tank (180), and the partition (210) divides the interior of the water tank (180) into the cold water chamber (190) and the hot water chamber (200). The cold water chamber (190) is arranged on the upper side of the hot water chamber (200). A water inlet pipe (201) is inserted into the upper side of the water tank (180), and the water inlet pipe (201) is in communication with the cold water chamber (190). ) is used to inject water into the cold water chamber (190), a through hole (211) is opened in the middle of the partition (210), the upper end of the through hole (211) is connected to the cold water chamber (190), and the lower end of the through hole (211) is connected to the hot water chamber (200), and a thermal insulation layer (212) is provided in the hot water chamber (200), and the thermal insulation layer (212) is in contact with the inner wall of the water tank (180) and the lower side of the partition (210).

3. The engine waste heat utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second support frame (220) is arranged in the through hole (211), the second support frame (220) is connected to the partition (210), a sliding rod (221) is slidably inserted in the middle of the second support frame (220), a blocking piece (222) is installed at the lower end of the sliding rod (221), the blocking piece (222) is arranged in the hot water chamber (200), the diameter of the blocking piece (222) is larger than the diameter of the through hole (211), the blocking piece (222) is intermittently in contact with the partition (210), and a floating ball (223) is installed on the lower side of the blocking piece (222).

4. The engine waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the second control valve (160) is in communication with the bottom of the hot water chamber (200); a fourth water pipe (230) is arranged in the hot water chamber (200); one end of the fourth water pipe (230) is arranged at the bottom of the hot water chamber (200); the other end of the fourth water pipe (230) is plugged into the side wall of the water tank (180); a one-way valve (231) is installed on the side wall of the water tank (180); one end of the one-way valve (231) is in communication with the fourth water pipe (230); the other end of the one-way valve (231) is in communication with the third water pipe (170); water in the hot water chamber (200) enters the third water pipe (170) through the fourth water pipe (230) and the one-way valve (231); The first water pipe (130) is configured as a straight pipe, and the second water pipe (140), the third water pipe (170) and the fourth water pipe (230) are all configured as "L"-shaped pipes.

5. The engine waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first water outlet hole (250) and a second water outlet hole (251) are provided on the side of the temperature regulating plate (243). In a normal state, the first water outlet hole (250), the second water outlet hole (251) and the ends of the first connecting pipe (240) and the second connecting pipe (241) are all in a misaligned state, so that the temperature regulating plate (243) seals the ends of the first connecting pipe (240) and the second connecting pipe (241). A lever (252) is installed on the outside of the temperature regulating plate (243). The lever (252) is plugged into the side of the shell (242). The other side of the shell (242) is connected to the water outlet pipe (253).

6. A method for utilizing the engine waste heat utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Initial start-up temperature rise of the engine (1): the engine (1) is started, so that the internal temperature of the engine (1) gradually rises, so that the water flows through part of the pipe to form a small circulation, thereby causing the engine (1) to heat up quickly; S2. Preheating the second water pipe (140) and the third water pipe (170): as the temperature of the engine (1) rises, the water that is initially heated to warm water flows through the pipes to form a medium circulation, thereby preheating the pipes in the medium circulation; S3. Heating the water in the hot water chamber (200): After the engine (1) is heated to an optimal operating temperature, the temperature is continuously increased, so that water flows through the pipe and the hot water chamber (200) to form a large circulation, thereby heating the water in the hot water chamber (200).

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