A straw crushing device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of straw crushing technology and discloses a straw crushing device, including a fixed support. A motor is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the fixed support, a counterweight box is fixedly installed on the other side of the bottom of the fixed support, a feeding chamber is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the fixed support, a drive shaft is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixed support, and a crushing chamber fixedly connected to the feeding chamber is fixedly installed on the other side of the top of the fixed support. A discharge port is opened at the rear of the crushing chamber. This invention, through the threaded grooves on the conveyor wheel, ensures that the straw remains perpendicular to the cutting blade during the transport of small-diameter straws such as wheat straw. This avoids the situation where the straw is tilted during transport, preventing the straw from being non-perpendicular to the cutting blade, and significantly improves the stability and efficiency of crushing small straws such as wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of straw crushing technology, specifically a straw crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Due to environmental protection concerns, burning straw is no longer permitted. Straw crushing has become an essential part of agricultural production. Timely crushing and returning crop straw to the field after harvest facilitates the decomposition and utilization of straw by microorganisms and the release of nutrients, providing timely and effective nutrients for subsequent crops. Crushed straw can also be collected as livestock feed. Currently, straw crushing devices on the market can be mainly divided into chopping, hammer mill, and shredding types. Among them, chopping crushing devices have outstanding advantages such as simple structure, low power consumption, and high productivity.

[0003] However, current chaff cutting devices struggle to ensure that the straw is perpendicular to the cutting blades when feeding fine straws such as wheat and soybeans. When the straw is not perpendicular to the blades, the cutting effect is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the feed amount cannot be freely adjusted according to the straw diameter. When the straw diameter is large, less straw is chopped each time, resulting in low chopped efficiency. When the straw diameter is small, more straw is chopped each time, which can easily cause blockages and affect chopped efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a straw crushing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a straw crushing device, comprising a fixed support, a motor fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the fixed support, a counterweight box fixedly installed on the other side of the bottom of the fixed support, a feeding chamber fixedly installed on one side of the top of the fixed support, a drive shaft movably sleeved in the middle of the fixed support, a crushing chamber fixedly installed on the other side of the top of the fixed support and fixedly connected to the feeding chamber, a discharge port opened at the rear of the crushing chamber, a rotating shaft movably sleeved in the middle of the crushing chamber, and one end of the rotating shaft being driven by the motor via a belt. The rotating shaft has several equally spaced circumferentially arranged cutting blades fixedly sleeved in the middle. An exhaust fan is fixedly sleeved at the other end of the rotating shaft. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing chamber, with one end of the exhaust pipe located on one side of the cutting blades. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the rotating shaft via a belt drive. A feed wheel is movably sleeved at the rear of the feeding chamber, with one end of the feed wheel meshing with the drive shaft via a gear. Several equally spaced conveyor wheels are movably sleeved at the bottom of the feeding chamber, with one end of each conveyor wheel meshing with the other end of the feed wheel via a rack.

[0006] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed movable plates are arranged above the feed wheel, both movable plates are engaged with the feed chamber, both movable plates are movably sleeved with limiting wheels, and both movable plates have gear grooves located above the limiting wheels. A rotating shaft is movably sleeved on the top of the feed chamber, and both ends of the rotating shaft are meshed with gears inside the two gear grooves. One end of the limiting wheel is connected to a tensioning device via a gear chain drive.

[0007] Preferably, the gear groove has teeth on only one side, and the width of the gear groove is greater than the diameter of the meshing gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft inside it.

[0008] Preferably, the tensioning device includes a movable ring snapped onto one side of the feed chamber, a tensioning wheel movably sleeved inside the movable ring, one end of a spring fixedly connected to the side of the movable ring, the other end of the spring fixedly connected to the feed chamber, and the tensioning wheel being connected to the limiting wheel and the drive shaft via a gear chain drive.

[0009] Preferably, when the movable plate moves to its lowest position, the spring is in a compressed state and has a certain rebound force, and the compression distance of the spring is greater than the distance that the movable plate can move.

[0010] Preferably, a turntable is movably sleeved on the top of the feeding chamber, and the rotating shaft is meshed with the side of the turntable by gears. A limiting plate located below the turntable is snapped onto the top of the feeding chamber, and the top of the limiting plate is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the side of the turntable.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the conveyor wheel closest to the feed wheel among the plurality of conveyor wheels is provided with two threaded grooves, the two threaded grooves located on the left side of the conveyor wheel being a left-handed helix, and the two threaded grooves located on the right side of the conveyor wheel being a right-handed helix.

[0012] Preferably, the tops of the plurality of conveying wheels are all at the same level as the feed wheel, and a rack and pinion limiting wheel that is movably fitted into the feed chamber is provided below the conveying wheels.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. This invention, through the design of several conveyor wheels and feeding wheels, ensures that when straw is fed in, all conveyor wheels rotate synchronously with the feeding wheel. Since the tops of the conveyor wheels are all on the same horizontal plane as the feeding wheel, the straw to be crushed will be transported smoothly and quickly to the crushing chamber as the conveyor wheels rotate, improving the efficiency of straw crushing. Furthermore, due to the threaded grooves on the conveyor wheels, when transporting straw with a small diameter such as wheat straw, the threaded grooves on both sides will generate a thrust towards the center as the conveyor wheels rotate. The thrust on both sides of the conveyor wheels keeps the straw perpendicular to the cutting blade for vertical cutting, avoiding the situation where the straw is tilted during the transport process, which would cause the straw to be non-perpendicular to the cutting blade. This significantly improves the stability and effect when crushing small straws such as wheat.

[0015] 2. This invention, through the setting of limiting wheels and other devices, allows the limiting plate to be moved away from the turntable at any time during crushing. Then, the turntable is rotated, causing the rotating shaft to rotate. Due to the meshing action of the gear groove and the rotating shaft, the moving plate moves up and down, thereby causing the limiting wheel to move up and down. When the limiting wheel reaches the optimal working position, the limiting plate is moved below the turntable to restrict the rotation of the turntable. Thus, during use, the limiting wheel is kept in the optimal working position according to the diameter of the straw and the amount of straw entering. For example, if the gap between the limiting wheel and the conveying wheel is the diameter of one straw, the straw entering for cutting and crushing can be better laid flat and perpendicular to the cutting blade, ensuring a better cutting effect and avoiding blockage caused by excessive straw crushing. By reasonably controlling the amount of straw entering, the crushing efficiency of straw is effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point A in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a side view of the cross-section of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pulverizing chamber of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Motor; 3. Counterweight box; 4. Feed chamber; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Crushing chamber; 7. Discharge port; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Cutting blade; 10. Exhaust fan; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Feed wheel; 13. Conveyor wheel; 14. Moving plate; 15. Limiting wheel; 16. Gear groove; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Moving ring; 19. Tensioning wheel; 20. Spring; 21. Turntable; 22. Limiting plate; 23. Threaded groove; 24. Rack and pinion limiting wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a straw crushing device, including a fixed support 1. A motor 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the fixed support 1, and a counterweight box 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the bottom of the fixed support 1. A feeding chamber 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the fixed support 1. A drive shaft 5 is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixed support 1. A crushing chamber 6, fixedly connected to the feeding chamber 4, is fixedly installed on the other side of the top of the fixed support 1. A discharge port 7 is opened at the rear of the crushing chamber 6. A rotating shaft 8 is movably sleeved in the middle of the crushing chamber 6. One end of the rotating shaft 8 is connected to the motor 2 via a belt. A plurality of equally spaced circumferentially arranged cutting blades 9 are fixedly sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft 8. An exhaust fan 10 is fixedly sleeved at the other end of the rotating shaft 8. An exhaust pipe 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing chamber 6, with one end of the exhaust pipe 11 located on one side of the cutting blades 9. One end of the drive shaft 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 8 via a belt. A feed wheel 12 is movably sleeved at the rear of the feeding chamber 4. One end of the feed chamber 4 is connected to a drive shaft 5 via gears. Several equidistantly arranged conveyor wheels 13 are movably sleeved at the bottom of the feed chamber 4. One end of each conveyor wheel 13 is connected to the other end of the feed wheel 12 via a rack. The counterweight box 3 can adjust the center of gravity of the device to make the device work more stably. When crushing, the motor 2 is started, and the rotating shaft 8 is rotated through belt drive, which causes several cutting blades 9 to rotate. At the same time, the rotating shaft 8 is driven by the belt drive to rotate the drive shaft 5, which in turn causes the feed wheel 12, which is connected to the drive shaft 5 via gears, to rotate. At this time, the feed wheel 12 will drive the conveyor wheel 13 to rotate through the rack, feeding the straw from the feed chamber 4. The straw will be sent above the feed wheel 12 as the conveyor wheel 13 rotates, and will be sent into the crushing chamber 6 by the combined action of the feed wheel 12 and the limiting wheel 15 to be crushed by the cutting blades 9. During the crushing process, the exhaust fan 10 will rotate with the rotating shaft 8, so that the dust generated by the crushing of straw will be discharged through the exhaust pipe 11. The crushed straw will be discharged from the discharge port.

[0025] Two symmetrically distributed movable plates 14 are arranged above the feed wheel 12. Both movable plates 14 are engaged in the feed chamber 4. Each movable plate 14 is movably fitted with a limiting wheel 15. Each movable plate 14 has a gear groove 16 located above the limiting wheel 15. A rotating shaft 17 is movably fitted on the top of the feed chamber 4. Both ends of the rotating shaft 17 are meshed with gears inside the two gear grooves 16. One end of the limiting wheel 15 is connected to a tensioning device via a gear chain drive. Only one side of the gear groove 16 has teeth. The width of the gear groove 16 is greater than the diameter of the meshing gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 17 inside it. Due to the design of the gear groove 16, as the rotating shaft 17 rotates, the movable plates 14 engaged in the feed chamber 4 will move up and down, thereby driving the movably fitted limiting wheel 15 to move up and down. The distance between the limiting wheel 15 and the feed wheel 12 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the straw to be crushed, thereby flexibly controlling the amount of straw entering the crushing chamber 6 and the clamping force of the straw to be crushed.

[0026] The tensioning device includes a movable ring 18 that is snapped onto one side of the feed chamber 4. A tensioning wheel 19 is movably sleeved inside the movable ring 18. One end of a spring 20 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable ring 18, and the other end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected to the feed chamber 4. The tensioning wheel 19 is connected to a limiting wheel 15 and a drive shaft 5 via a gear chain. When the movable plate 14 moves to its lowest position, the spring 20 is compressed and has a certain rebound force. The compression distance of the spring 20 is greater than the distance that the movable plate 14 can move. The limiting wheel 15 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 5 under the action of the chain. When the limiting wheel 15 moves upward, it pulls the tensioning wheel 19 through the chain, causing the movable ring 18 to move to the left and squeeze the spring 20. When the limiting wheel 15 moves downward, the spring 20 rebounds, causing the movable ring 18 and the tensioning wheel 19 to move to the right. During the movement of the limiting wheel 15, the spring 20 always has a rebound force and maintains the tension of the chain.

[0027] The feed chamber 4 is movably fitted with a turntable 21. The side of the turntable 21 is meshed with a rotating shaft 17 via gears. The top of the feed chamber 4 is fitted with a limiting plate 22 located below the turntable 21. The top of the limiting plate 22 is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the side of the turntable 21. When it is necessary to move the limiting wheel 15, the limiting plate 22 is moved away from the turntable 21, and then the turntable 21 is rotated to rotate the rotating shaft 17. Due to the meshing action of the gear groove 16 and the rotating shaft 17, the moving plate 14 will move up and down, thereby causing the limiting wheel 15 to move up and down. When the limiting wheel 15 reaches the preset position, the limiting plate 22 is moved to the bottom of the turntable 21 to restrict the rotation of the turntable 21, thereby limiting the limiting wheel 15 to the preset position.

[0028] Among them, the tops of several conveyor wheels 13 are all at the same level as the feed wheel 12. Below each conveyor wheel 13 is a rack and pinion retaining wheel 24 that is movably fitted into the feed chamber 4. The side of the conveyor wheel 13 closest to the feed wheel 12 has two threaded grooves 23. The two threaded grooves 23 on the left side of the conveyor wheel 13 are left-handed screws, and those on the right side are right-handed screws. The rack and pinion retaining wheel 24 ensures that the rack is always engaged with each conveyor wheel 13 and the feed wheel 12. All 13 will rotate synchronously with the feed wheel 12. Since the top of the conveyor wheel 13 is on the same horizontal plane as the feed wheel 12, the straw to be crushed will be transported smoothly and quickly to the feed wheel 12 as the conveyor wheel 13 rotates. Furthermore, due to the setting of the threaded groove 23, when transporting straw with a small diameter such as wheat straw, the threaded groove 23 on both sides will generate a thrust towards the center as the conveyor wheel 13 rotates. The thrust on both sides of the conveyor wheel 13 keeps the straw perpendicular to the cutting blade 9 for vertical cutting, which greatly improves the crushing effect.

[0029] Working principle:

[0030] The counterweight box 3 in the device can adjust the center of gravity of the device to make the device work more stably. When crushing, the motor 2 is started, and the rotating shaft 8 is rotated through the belt drive, which causes several cutting blades 9 to rotate. At the same time, the rotating shaft 8 rotates the transmission shaft 5 through the belt drive, which in turn causes the feed wheel 12, which meshes with the gear of the transmission shaft 5, to rotate. At this time, the feed wheel 12 will drive the conveyor wheel 13 to rotate through the rack, feeding the straw from the feeding chamber 4. The straw will be sent to the top of the feed wheel 12 as the conveyor wheel 13 rotates, and will be sent into the crushing chamber 6 by the combined action of the feed wheel 12 and the limiting wheel 15 to be crushed by the cutting blades 9. During the crushing process, the exhaust fan 10 will rotate with the rotating shaft 8, so that the dust generated by the crushing of straw will be discharged through the exhaust pipe 11. The crushed straw will be discharged from the discharge port.

[0031] Before crushing, the limiting plate 22 can be moved away from the turntable 21 according to the diameter of the straw to be crushed and the preset feed amount. Then, the turntable 21 is rotated, which causes the rotating shaft 17 to rotate. Due to the meshing of the gear groove 16 and the rotating shaft 17, the moving plate 14 will move up and down, which will cause the limiting wheel 15 to move up and down. When the limiting wheel 15 reaches the preset position, the limiting plate 22 is moved to the bottom of the turntable 21 to limit the rotation of the turntable 21, thus limiting the limiting wheel 15 to the preset position. If the gap between the limiting wheel 15 and the conveying wheel 13 is the diameter height of one straw, the straw entering for cutting and crushing can be better laid flat and perpendicular to the cutting blade 9, ensuring a better cutting effect and avoiding blockage caused by excessive straw crushing. By reasonably controlling the feed amount, the straw crushing efficiency is effectively improved. In addition, the limiting wheel 15 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 5 under the action of the chain, and the spring 20 always has a rebound force and maintains the tension of the chain during the movement of the limiting wheel 15.

[0032] Several conveyor wheels 13 rotate synchronously with the feed wheel 12. Since the top of the conveyor wheels 13 is on the same horizontal plane as the feed wheel 12, the straw to be crushed will be transported smoothly and quickly to the feed wheel 12 as the conveyor wheels 13 rotate. Furthermore, due to the setting of the threaded grooves 23, when transporting straw with a small diameter such as wheat straw, the threaded grooves 23 on both sides will generate a thrust towards the center as the conveyor wheels 13 rotate. The thrust on both sides of the conveyor wheels 13 keeps the straw perpendicular to the cutting blade 9 for vertical cutting, which greatly improves the crushing effect.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A straw crushing device, comprising a fixed support (1), characterized in that: A motor (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the fixed bracket (1), a counterweight box (3) is fixedly installed on the other side of the bottom of the fixed bracket (1), a feeding chamber (4) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the fixed bracket (1), a drive shaft (5) is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixed bracket (1), a crushing chamber (6) fixedly connected to the feeding chamber (4) is fixedly installed on the other side of the top of the fixed bracket (1), a discharge port (7) is opened at the rear of the crushing chamber (6), a rotating shaft (8) is movably sleeved in the middle of the crushing chamber (6), one end of the rotating shaft (8) is connected to the motor (2) via a belt, and several equidistant circumferences are fixedly sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft (8). The cutting blades (9) are arranged in a row. An exhaust fan (10) is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft (8). An exhaust pipe (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing chamber (6). One end of the exhaust pipe (11) is located on one side of the cutting blades (9). One end of the drive shaft (5) is connected to the rotating shaft (8) via a belt drive. A feed wheel (12) is movably sleeved at the rear of the feeding chamber (4). One end of the feed wheel (12) is meshed with the drive shaft (5) via a gear. Several equidistant conveyor wheels (13) are movably sleeved at the bottom of the feeding chamber (4). One end of each of the several conveyor wheels (13) is meshed with the other end of the feed wheel (12) via a rack. Two symmetrically distributed movable plates (14) are provided above the feed wheel (12). Both movable plates (14) are engaged with the feed chamber (4). Both movable plates (14) are movably sleeved with limiting wheels (15). Both movable plates (14) have gear grooves (16) located above the limiting wheels (15). A rotating shaft (17) is movably sleeved on the top of the feed chamber (4). Both ends of the rotating shaft (17) are meshed with gears inside the two gear grooves (16). One end of the limiting wheel (15) is connected to a tensioning device through a gear chain drive. A turntable (21) is movably sleeved on the top of the feeding chamber (4). The rotating shaft (17) is meshed with the side of the turntable (21) by gears. A limiting plate (22) located below the turntable (21) is snapped onto the top of the feeding chamber (4). The top of the limiting plate (22) is provided with a toothed groove that meshes with the side of the turntable (21).

2. The straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear groove (16) has teeth on only one side, and the width of the gear groove (16) is greater than the diameter of the meshing gear that is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (17) inside it.

3. The straw crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tensioning device includes a movable ring (18) snapped onto one side of the feed chamber (4), a tensioning wheel (19) is movably sleeved inside the movable ring (18), one end of a spring (20) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable ring (18), the other end of the spring (20) is fixedly connected to the feed chamber (4), and the tensioning wheel (19) is connected to the limiting wheel (15) and the drive shaft (5) through a gear chain drive.

4. The straw crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the movable plate (14) moves to its lowest position, the spring (20) is in a compressed state and has a certain rebound force. The compression distance of the spring (20) is greater than the distance that the movable plate (14) can move.

5. The straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the conveyor wheel (13) closest to the feed wheel (12) among the plurality of conveyor wheels (13) is provided with two threaded grooves (23). The two threaded grooves (23) located on the left side of the conveyor wheel (13) are left-handed spirals, and the two threaded grooves (23) located on the right side of the conveyor wheel (13) are right-handed spirals.

6. The straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the plurality of conveying wheels (13) are all at the same level as the feed wheel (12), and a rack and pinion wheel (24) is provided below the conveying wheel (13) and is movably connected to the feed chamber (4).

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