Method for grading total conversion of distiller's grains and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hierarchical full conversion of vinasse method and application.The method of the application mainly includes that vinasse is converted by yellow mealworm, black soldier fly and other insects in the first stage, mainly feeds the "grain" part in vinasse, and the remaining "husk" and worm feces mixture is converted by grub in the second stage full conversion process and the like.The application utilizes a variety of environmental insects to convert and utilize vinasse in stages, follows natural law, and utilizes vinasse by-products in stages full conversion high-value utilization, has high resource utilization degree, no secondary pollution, green low-carbon high efficiency, realizes the pollution reduction and carbon reduction synergistic innovation of vinasse treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of distiller's grains by-product processing, and particularly relates to a processing method for multi-stage conversion of distiller's grains by-product by using various environmental insects and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Distiller's grains is the largest by-product in the brewing process, accounting for 80% to 90% of the total by-product weight. Therefore, solving the comprehensive utilization problem of distiller's grains is basically equivalent to solving the waste problem of the entire industry. Distiller's grains is rich in nutrients, containing a large amount of cellulose, fermentation products, and unused protein, starch and other components, and is a biomass resource with broad development potential that can be utilized. If these waste resources are utilized, pollution and carbon emissions can be reduced, which is conducive to the sustainable development of the brewing industry.

[0003] At present, the resource utilization of distiller's grains by-product mainly has the following ways: producing feed, fertilizer and burning heat, etc. Because distiller's grains contains a large amount of amino acids, vitamins and other components, producing feed from distiller's grains is the largest way of processing at present. In addition, distiller's grains contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients and can be released during crop growth, which has the effect of applying chemical fertilizer. Therefore, high-temperature fermentation to produce organic fertilizer is one of the important ways to efficiently process distiller's grains. However, the above utilization methods face the problems of high processing cost, low benefit, high energy consumption and large carbon emission. In recent years, some new utilization ways have appeared, such as using distiller's grains as a base material to produce strain culture medium, new packaging materials, biological fillers and flame-retardant materials, etc. However, most of these technologies are still in the laboratory stage, and whether they can be used for large-scale industrial application remains to be confirmed.

[0004] The ecological conversion of organic waste by environmental insects is a promising low-carbon technology that has received increasing attention in recent years due to its low energy consumption, high efficiency, and high added value of products. Patent application CN115462349A discloses a process for treating Maotai-flavor wine lees using black soldier fly larvae, achieving low-cost and high-efficiency separation of chaff, and obtaining black soldier fly bodies and sand products. Patent applications CN117356662A and CN116019183A disclose a black soldier fly biotransformation of wine lees with composite raw materials such as bean dregs and yeast sludge. In addition, patent CN115010797B discloses a method for converting kitchen waste into insect protein. Utility model patents CN216821355U and CN208211265U disclose devices for cultivating medicinal mealworms using wine lees. Although these devices alleviate the high mortality rate of mealworms in traditional breeding ponds (boxes), they require special equipment or devices, have complex conversion processes, and are costly. The above methods use environmental insects for primary ecological conversion of wine lees byproducts, but the resource utilization rate is low, and a large amount of residual material (black soldier fly, mealworms, and other "grains" that feed on wine lees) cannot be converted, causing secondary pollution and resource waste. Additionally, the feces of black soldier flies and mealworms have low composting degree (seed germination index GI < 50%) and small particle size (fine sand), which cannot be used as organic fertilizer directly and need to be composted before use.

[0005] Therefore, based on the characteristics of the "chaff" mixture of wine lees byproducts, it is necessary to develop a new treatment method for the multi-stage ecological conversion of wine lees byproducts using two environmental insects, which can improve the resource utilization rate of wine lees byproducts and solve the industry problem of long-term composting of organic fertilizer from traditional composting and insect conversion. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems and the deficiencies in the field, the present application provides a method for grading and full conversion of wine lees and its application, which utilizes multiple environmental insects to convert wine lees, follows the natural law, and fully utilizes wine lees byproducts, with high resource utilization, no secondary pollution, green, low carbon, and high efficiency, achieving pollution reduction and carbon reduction in wine lees management.

[0007] The method of the present application mainly includes primary conversion of wine lees by insects such as yellow mealworms and black soldier flies, which mainly feed on the "grain" part of wine lees, and secondary full conversion of the mixture of residual "chaff" and insect feces by mealworms.

[0008] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0009] A method for grading and full conversion of wine lees, comprising the steps of:

[0010] (1) Primary insect conversion

[0011] ① Collecting the by-product of distiller's grains, crushing to uniform straw material without clumps, and draining the excess moisture of the material, controlling the moisture content of the material between 20% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 70%;

[0012] ② Spraying the material treated in step ① evenly into the breeding box, controlling the thickness of the material between 2 and 3 cm, and putting the environmental insects of appropriate age, controlling the environmental temperature between 25 and 35℃, and ensuring the ventilation of the breeding space; the environmental insects are one or more of Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor and their close relatives (such as Musca domestica, Secamamea ingenua, etc.);

[0013] ③ During the conversion of the insects, the material treated in step ① is added to the breeding box every day, stirred evenly, and the moisture content of the material in the breeding box is controlled between 50% and 80%, preferably between 50% and 70%;

[0014] ④ According to step ③, continuously breeding for 7 to 10 days, which is recorded as one growth cycle, separating the insect larvae from the mixture of the remaining material of distiller's grains and straw and the insect feces, and collecting the larvae and the remaining mixture respectively;

[0015] ⑤ The larvae collected in step ④, for Hermetia illucens, the mature larvae that have grown to the pre-pupa stage can be directly harvested in one growth cycle; for Tenebrio molitor, steps ②, ③ and ④ need to be repeated for 3 to 5 growth cycles, and the larvae can be harvested when the weight reaches the peak;

[0016] (2) Secondary conversion of grubs

[0017] ⑥ Collecting the remaining mixture in steps ④ and ⑤, including distiller's grains and straw and insect feces, adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 50% to 80%, preferably 50% to 70%, forming a fermentation base, adding or not adding fermentation agents, stirring evenly, and then carrying out aerobic fermentation for 5 to 7 days;

[0018] ⑦ Spraying the fermented material obtained in step ⑥ evenly into the breeding box, with a material thickness of 5 to 8 cm, and putting 1-2 age period of grub larvae, wherein the 1 age period of larvae is added in an amount of 1:3 to 1:5 by weight of the material, and the 2 age period of larvae is added in an amount of 1:1 to 1:3 by weight of the material (for example, 1:2, etc.);

[0019] ⑧ During the conversion of the larvae, spraying water to the material in the breeding box every 2 days to control the moisture content of the material between 50% and 70%; adding the fermented material obtained in step ⑥ every 5 days and stirring evenly; and screening out the grub sand every 10 days to ensure that the breeding depth is less than 10 cm;

[0020] ⑨ When the grub larvae grow to the 3 age period of pre-pupa, separating the mature larvae from the sand;

[0021] The mature insect product in steps 5 and 9 is suffocated and dried by vacuum drying to obtain feed raw material (protein raw material / source for livestock, poultry, aquatic feed, etc.).

[0022] In some embodiments, in step 1, the distiller's by-product does not need to be dried.

[0023] In some embodiments, in step 1, the crushed particle size of the distiller's by-product is between 0.5-1.0 cm.

[0024] In some embodiments, in step 2, the black soldier fly and its close relatives (such as housefly, etc.) are 3-5 days old.

[0025] In some embodiments, in step 2, the yellow mealworm and its close relatives (such as large grainworms, etc.) are 20-30 days old.

[0026] In some embodiments, in step 2, the mass ratio of the material to the environmental insects in the breeding box is between 1:1 and 3.

[0027] In some embodiments, in step 3, the daily supplement of the material treated in step 1 is 10%-50% of the first time in step 2.

[0028] In some embodiments, in step 4, the separation uses a 6-15 mesh screen.

[0029] In some embodiments, in step 5, the breeding cycle of the yellow mealworm is 60-70 days old.

[0030] In some embodiments, in step 6, the fermentation agent includes one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus sp.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step 6, the amount of the fermentation agent added is 0.20%-1.00% of the mass of the fermentation base material.

[0032] In some embodiments, the humidity of the fermented material obtained in step 6 is controlled between 50%-70%.

[0033] In some embodiments, in step 7, the supplement of the fermented material obtained in step 6 is 30%-50% of the first time in step 6.

[0034] In some embodiments, in step 9, the breeding cycle of the mature larvae of the white grub is 20-30 days.

[0035] In some embodiments, in step 9, a part of the larvae are used as seed source larvae, and another part of the larvae are processed into commodity larvae.

[0036] In some embodiments, in step 10, the grub worm sand granular organic fertilizer is rice-shaped, with a particle length of 3-6 mm and a particle size of 1-3 mm, and a seed germination index GI>70%.

[0037] The application also provides the use of the method described in the application. The method described in the application can be used for any one or a combination of the following: whole quantity conversion treatment of distiller's grains by-products, breeding of black soldier flies and their close relatives (such as houseflies, etc.), breeding of yellow mealworms and their close relatives (such as barleyworms, etc.), and breeding of grubs.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The "grain" and "husk" of distiller's grains are classified and converted in whole quantity, without secondary pollution, and with a high resource utilization rate. The distiller's grains by-products do not need complex pretreatment such as fermentation, and are subjected to primary conversion by insects such as yellow mealworms and black soldier flies, to realize natural separation of "grain" and "husk" in distiller's grains. The mixture of the remaining "grain" and "husk" and insect manure is fermented, and then subjected to secondary conversion by grub larvae, to realize "whole quantity" conversion of distiller's grains by-products. The entire technical process realizes no emission of odors, greenhouse gases, wastewater, and solid waste residues, and is green and low-carbon, to realize innovative development of the distiller's grains processing industry with synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

[0040] 2. The application solves the industry problems of low resource utilization rate of traditional insect (yellow mealworm, black soldier fly, etc.) primary conversion and the need for composting treatment of insect manure. The prior art mainly uses environmental insects such as yellow mealworms and black soldier flies for primary conversion, which has the problems of low resource utilization rate due to a large amount of residual "grain" and "husk" of distiller's grains, and low composting degree (GI<50%) of insect manure, which cannot be directly used as organic fertilizer. Through the "classified conversion" of the application, the mixture of the remaining "grain" and "husk" and insect manure after primary insect conversion is very suitable for breeding grubs (secondary conversion), especially the resources such as sugars, proteins, and lignocellulose in the mixture, to finally realize whole quantity conversion of distiller's grains by-products, and obtain yellow mealworms (or black soldier flies, etc.) finished insects, grub finished insects, and grub worm sand. The grub worm sand is in a granular form, has a composting degree (GI>70%) that meets the organic fertilizer standard (NY 525-2021), does not need granulation and composting treatment, and can be directly used as organic fertilizer.

[0041] 3、The two kinds of environmental insects of the present application are low in full-conversion cost, high in processing efficiency and product added value, and realize win-win of ecological and economic benefits. The grading conversion process is simple, avoids using complex or special breeding devices, and reduces the manpower, material resources and financial resources for processing of by-products of distiller's grains. Meanwhile, compared with traditional technologies for producing feed and fertilizer from distiller's grains, the present application has short processing period, low processing cost and high efficiency. The economic products obtained by grading conversion include not only yellow mealworms (or black soldier flies, etc.), but also scarab larvae, and the scarab larvae are a traditional Chinese medicinal material with high added value. For the grain and liquor industry, the present application can realize full-conversion of by-products of distiller's grains and obtain high-value-added products, realizing win-win of ecological and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for grading full-conversion of distiller's grains according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0044] The present application utilizes two or more kinds of environmental insects to grading full-convert by-products of distiller's grains. The first-level insects (yellow mealworms, black soldier flies, etc.) mainly convert "grains" of distiller's grains, and the second-level scarab larvae full-convert the mixture of "chaff" and excrement of the first-level insects, and the output yellow mealworms (black soldier flies, etc.) and scarab larvae can be used as feed raw materials or Chinese medicinal materials, and the output scarab larvae sand can be used as granular biological organic fertilizer without secondary pollution, which is the most economical and effective resource utilization method.

[0045] The bacillus subtilis agent in Example 1 and Example 2 is purchased from Shandong Zhonggu Nongkang Fertilizer Co., Ltd.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] In combination with Figure 1 A method for grading full-conversion of distiller's grains by using two kinds of environmental insects, and the specific method steps are as follows:

[0048] (1) The collected by-products of distiller's grains (without drying) are broken into uniform pieces with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm, and the excess water of the material is drained, the water content is controlled at 50%-70%, and the material is uniformly spread into the breeding box with a thickness of 2-3 cm;

[0049] (2) 3-5-day-old black soldier fly larvae are put in, the mass of larvae is 1:1 of the mass of material, the environmental temperature is controlled at 25-35℃, and the breeding space is ensured to be ventilated;

[0050] (3) In the process of breeding black soldier fly, 10% of the material treated in step (1) is added to the breeding box every day, and the material is stirred evenly and the moisture content is controlled between 50% and 70%;

[0051] (4) According to step (3), the black soldier fly is separated from the mixture of the remaining material (distiller's grains "chaff") and worm manure by using a 6-15 mesh screen after continuous breeding for 7-10 days, and the black soldier fly product and the remaining mixture are collected separately;

[0052] (5) Adjust the moisture content of the remaining mixture (distiller's grains "chaff" and black soldier fly manure) in step (4) to 50%-70% to form a fermentation base, add Bacillus subtilis inoculum (inoculum amount 0.5%, i.e. inoculum addition amount is 0.5% of the mass of the fermentation base), stir evenly and then aerobic fermentation for 5-7 days to obtain fermented material;

[0053] (6) The fermented material in step (5) is evenly spread into the breeding box, the material thickness is 5-8 cm, the material moisture content is 50%-70%, and 2nd instar larvae of the beetle are introduced, the introduction amount is 50% of the material;

[0054] (7) During the breeding of the beetle, water is sprayed every 2 days to control the humidity between 50%-70%; 30% of the fermented material obtained in step (5) is added every 5 days, and stirred evenly; the beetle sand is sieved out every 10 days to ensure that the breeding depth is less than 10 cm;

[0055] (8) After the beetle larvae grow to the 3rd instar pre-pupa stage, the beetle larvae are separated from the beetle sand after breeding for 20-30 days; the sand is dried to obtain granular organic fertilizer, and the beetle product and the black soldier fly product in step (4) are vacuum dried to obtain feed raw materials and other economic products.

[0056] The granular organic fertilizer of the beetle sand is rice grain-like, with a particle length of 3-6 mm and a particle size of 1-3 mm, and the seed germination index GI is greater than 70%.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In combination Figure 1 , a method for utilizing two kinds of environmental insects to convert distiller's grains in stages, the specific method steps are as follows:

[0059] (1) The collected distiller's grains by-products (without drying) are broken evenly, the broken particle size is between 0.5-1.0 cm, and the excess water in the material is drained, the water content is controlled between 50%-70%, and the material is evenly spread into the breeding box, the material thickness is controlled between 2-3 cm;

[0060] (2) 20-30 day old yellow mealworm larvae are introduced, the mass of the larvae is 1:1 with the mass of the material, the environmental temperature is controlled at 25-35℃, and the breeding space is ensured to be ventilated;

[0061] (3) In the process of breeding Tenebrio molitor, 10% of the material treated in step (1) is added to the breeding box every day, and the material is stirred and mixed evenly, and the moisture content of the material is controlled between 50% and 70%, and the breeding is continuously carried out for 30-35 days;

[0062] (4) When the body weight of Tenebrio molitor reaches the peak, a 6-15 mesh sieve is used to separate Tenebrio molitor from the mixture of the remaining material (distiller's grains "chaff") and insect feces, and the Tenebrio molitor finished product and the remaining mixture are collected separately;

[0063] (5) The moisture content of the remaining mixture (distiller's grains "chaff" and Tenebrio molitor feces) in step (4) is adjusted to 50%-70% to form a fermentation base, Bacillus subtilis inoculum (inoculation amount 0.5%) is added, and after stirring evenly, aerobic fermentation is carried out for 5-7 days to obtain fermented material;

[0064] (6) The fermented material in step (5) is evenly spread into the breeding box, the material thickness is 5-8 cm, the material moisture content is 50%-70%, and 2nd instar larvae of Popillia japonica are released, and the release amount is 50% of the material;

[0065] (7) During the breeding of Popillia japonica, water is sprayed into the material every 2 days to control the humidity between 50%-70%; 30% of the fermented material obtained in step (5) is added every 5 days, and stirred evenly; the Popillia japonica sand is sieved out every 10 days to ensure that the breeding depth is less than 10 cm;

[0066] (8) After the larvae of Popillia japonica grow to the 3rd instar pre-pupa stage, the larvae of Popillia japonica are separated from the Popillia japonica sand after breeding for 20-30 days; the sand is dried to obtain granular organic fertilizer, and the finished product of Popillia japonica and the finished product of Tenebrio molitor in step (4) are vacuum dried to obtain feed raw materials and other economic products.

[0067] The Popillia japonica sand granular organic fertilizer is rice grain-shaped, with a particle length of 3-6 mm and a particle size of 1-3 mm, and a seed germination index GI of more than 70%.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] In combination Figure 1 , a method for utilizing two kinds of environmental insects to classify and convert distiller's grains in full amount, the specific method steps are as follows:

[0070] (1) The collected distiller's grains by-products (without drying) are broken and evenly spread, the broken particle size is between 0.5-1.0 cm, and the excess water in the material is drained, the water content is controlled between 50%-70%, and the material is evenly spread into the breeding box, the material thickness is controlled between 2-3 cm;

[0071] (2) Put 20-30 day old yellow mealworm larvae, with a larvae to material mass ratio of 1:1, and control the environmental temperature at 25-35°C, and ensure that the breeding space is ventilated;

[0072] (3) During the breeding of the yellow mealworms, add 10% of the material treated in step (1) to the breeding box every day, stir and mix evenly, and control the material humidity at 50-70%, and continuously breed for 30-35 days;

[0073] (4) When the body weight of the yellow mealworms reaches a peak, use a 6-15 mesh sieve to separate the yellow mealworms from the mixture of the remaining material (distiller's grains "chaff") and worm feces, and collect the finished yellow mealworms and the remaining mixture separately;

[0074] (5) Adjust the humidity of the remaining mixture (distiller's grains "chaff" and yellow mealworm feces) from step (4) to 50-70%, without adding any fermentation agent, stir and mix evenly, and then aerobically ferment for 5-7 days to obtain fermented material;

[0075] (6) Evenly spread the fermented material from step (5) into the breeding box, with a material thickness of 5-8 cm and a material humidity of 50-70%, and put in 2nd instar larvae of the Japanese beetle, with a quantity of 50% of the material;

[0076] (7) During the breeding of the Japanese beetles, spray water on the material every 2 days to control the humidity at 50-70%, add 30% of the fermented material from step (5) every 5 days, stir and mix evenly, and screen out the Japanese beetle sand every 10 days to ensure that the breeding depth is <10 cm;

[0077] (8) When the Japanese beetle larvae grow to the 3rd instar pre-pupa stage, breed for 20-30 days, and separate the Japanese beetle larvae from the Japanese beetle sand; the sand is air-dried to obtain granular organic fertilizer, and the finished Japanese beetle and the finished yellow mealworm from step (4) are vacuum-dried to obtain feed raw materials and other economic products.

[0078] The Japanese beetle sand granular organic fertilizer is rice grain-shaped, with a particle length of 3-6 mm and a particle size of 1-3 mm, and a seed germination index GI > 70%.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] A method for converting distiller's grains, the specific method steps are as follows:

[0081] (1) Crush the collected distiller's grains by-products (without drying) evenly, with a crushing particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm, and drain the excess water from the material, control the water content to 50-70%, and evenly spread the material into the breeding box, with a material thickness controlled at 5-8 cm;

[0082] (2) Put 2 age period grubs, the amount of material is 50%, the environmental temperature control in 25-35℃, and ensure the breeding space ventilation;

[0083] (3) In the grubs breeding process, every 2 days to material spray water, control humidity between 50% to 70%; Every 5 days add 30% of step (1) treated material, stirring evenly; Every 10 days screen out grubs sand, ensure the breeding depth <10cm;

[0084] (4) When grubs larvae grow to 3 age pre-pupa period, breeding 20-30 days, the grubs product insects, grubs sand and the remaining material (distiller's grains "chaff") three items are separated. Grubs product insects are dried by vacuum to obtain feed raw materials, grubs sand is dried by wind to obtain granular bio-organic fertilizer, and the remaining chaff can be used as material raw materials (fuel, building materials and chemical raw materials, etc.).

[0085] The data of each example and comparative example is shown in Table 1 (unit: %).

[0086] Table 1

[0087]

[0088] Note: The primary conversion insects of example 1 are all black soldier flies, the primary conversion insects of example 2 are yellow mealworms, and the primary conversion of example 3 is the same as example 2 except that no bacteria agent is added during the fermentation of the remaining compounds. Comparative example 1 only has a primary grub conversion without a secondary conversion process. The calculation formula of each example is as follows: separation rate = (chaff mass / distiller's grains mass) x 100%, mortality rate = (dead insect number / initial insect number) x 100%, weight gain rate = (harvested insect weight-initial insect weight) x 100% / initial insect weight, conversion rate = (initial material mass-final material mass) x 100% / initial material mass, and resource utilization rate = (initial material mass-final material mass) x 100% / initial material mass.

[0089] From the data results of Table 1, it can be seen that the technical method of Example 2 of the present application has low insect mortality in two stages, high conversion rate, and full conversion of distiller's grains by-products without secondary pollution, and the overall effect is the best. By comparing Example 1 and Example 2, it is shown that the selection of insects in the first stage is very important, and the breeding cycle of black soldier fly is 7-10 days, while the breeding cycle of yellow mealworm is 25-30 days, which has a great influence on the decomposition of the secondary conversion materials, thereby affecting the conversion performance of the second-stage grub; by comparing Example 2 and Example 3, it is shown that the addition of organic fermentation agent has a certain effect but is limited on the decomposition of the remaining compounds (distiller's grains hulls and insect feces) in the first-stage conversion, and the main reason is that the distiller's grains by-products themselves contain yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and bacillus, etc. fermentation agents; by comparing the first-stage conversion of the present application, it can be obviously seen that the graded full conversion of the present application has the advantage of resource utilization rate >96%, which is much higher than the resource utilization rate (<20%) of the first-stage conversion, and more abundant and high-value economic products (two kinds of insect finished products and grub insect sand organic fertilizer) can be obtained; it should be particularly noted that by comparing Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, it is shown that although grub can also be directly used for distiller's grains conversion, the distiller's grains by-products contain a large amount of residual alcohol, have high humidity, are easy to cake, and have low decomposition degree, and the grub larvae have low feeding amount, and the traditional breeding box (pool) device will cause a large amount of grub larvae to die (mortality >20%), and special breeding devices are needed for efficient breeding, which increases the breeding cost and limits its popularization and application. The graded full conversion of the present application can well alleviate these problems, does not need special breeding devices, has strong operability, low cost and high efficiency.

[0090] Furthermore, it is understood that, after reading the above description of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the present application, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for fractionating whole stillage, characterized by, The method comprises the steps of: (1) primary insect transformation ① collecting the distiller's grains by-product, crushing it into uniform husk material without clumps, and draining the excess water from the material to control the moisture content of the material to be between 20% and 80%; ② evenly spreading the material treated in step ① into the breeding box, controlling the thickness of the material to be between 2 and 3 cm, and putting in the appropriate age of environmental insects, controlling the environmental temperature to be between 25 and 35℃, and ensuring the ventilation of the breeding space; the environmental insects are Hermetia illucens or Tenebrio molitor; ③ during the insect transformation process, the material treated in step ① is added to the breeding box every day, stirred evenly, and the moisture content of the material in the breeding box is controlled to be between 50% and 80%; ④ according to step ③, continuously breeding for 7 to 10 days, which is recorded as one growth cycle, separating the insect larvae from the mixture of the remaining material, distiller's grains and insect manure, and collecting the larvae and the remaining mixture respectively; ⑤ for the larvae collected in step ④, for Hermetia illucens, the mature larvae that have grown to the pre-pupa stage can be directly harvested in one growth cycle; for Tenebrio molitor, steps ②, ③ and ④ need to be repeated for 3 to 5 growth cycles, and the larvae can be harvested when the weight of the larvae reaches the peak; (2) secondary grub transformation ⑥ collecting the remaining mixture including distiller's grains and insect manure in steps ④ and ⑤, adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to be between 50% and 80% to form a fermentation base, adding or not adding a fermentation agent, stirring evenly, and then performing aerobic fermentation for 5 to 7 days; ⑦ evenly spreading the fermented material obtained in step ⑥ into the breeding box, controlling the thickness of the material to be between 5 and 8 cm, and putting in the 1st instar or 2nd instar grub larvae, wherein the mass ratio of the amount of 1st instar larvae to the material is 1:3 to 1:5, and the mass ratio of the amount of 2nd instar larvae to the material is 1:1 to 1:3; ⑧ during the grub transformation process, spraying water on the material in the breeding box every 2 days to control the moisture content of the material to be between 50% and 70%; adding the fermented material obtained in step ⑥ every 5 days and stirring evenly; and screening out the grub sand every 10 days to ensure that the breeding depth is less than 10 cm; ⑨ waiting for the grub larvae to grow to the 3rd instar pre-pupa stage, and separating the mature larvae from the sand; ⑩ after the grub sand in step ⑨ is air-dried and / or oven-dried, the grub sand granular organic fertilizer can be obtained without granulation; and the mature finished insects in steps ⑤ and ⑨ are vacuum-dried and suffocated to death and dried to obtain feed raw materials.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ①: The distiller's grains by-product does not need to be dried; The crushing size of the distiller's grains by-product is between 0.5 and 1.0 cm; The moisture content of the material is controlled to be between 50% and 70%.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ②: The Hermetia illucens is 3 to 5 days old; The Tenebrio molitor is 20 to 30 days old.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, In step ②, the mass ratio of the material to the environmental insects in the breeding box is between 1:1 and 3.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ③, the daily addition amount of the material treated in step ① is 10% to 50% of the first time in step ②; In step ③, the moisture content of the material in the breeding box is controlled to be between 50% and 70%.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ④, the separation uses a 6 to 15 mesh screen.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ⑥: The moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be between 50% and 70%; The fermentation agent includes one or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus-like bacteria; The added amount of the fermentation agent is 0.20% to 1.00% of the mass of the fermentation base material; The humidity of the fermentation material obtained in step ⑥ is controlled to be between 50% and 70%.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, In step ⑧, the added amount of the fermentation material obtained in step ⑥ is 30% to 50% of the first added amount in step ⑦.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step ⑨, the breeding cycle of the mature 3rd instar larvae of the white grub is 20 to 30 days. In step ⑨, a part of the larvae are used as seed source larvae, and another part of the larvae are processed into commodity larvae. In step ⑩, the white grub sand granules organic fertilizer is in the form of rice grains, with a length of 3 to 6 mm and a diameter of 1 to 3 mm, and a seed germination index GI of more than 70%.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method is used for any one or more combinations of the following: full conversion treatment of distiller's grains by-products, breeding of black soldier flies and their close relatives, breeding of yellow mealworms and their close relatives, and breeding of white grubs.

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