Plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system, comprising a plasma gasification system, an impurity removal and separation system, a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, a steam turbine power generation system, a synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system, and an air separation unit. The plasma gasification system employed in the present invention can significantly increase the yield of syngas; the impurity removal and separation system can improve gas purity; the gas turbine power generation system, the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, and the steam turbine power generation system can form a multi-stage, efficient syngas and waste heat utilization system, fully leveraging the advantages of distributed energy. Furthermore, the present invention effectively utilizes syngas waste heat while achieving the co-production of synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation, further improving energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a biomass power generation system, in particular to a plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system. Background Art

[0002] "Plasma gasification" is a highly efficient biomass conversion technology developed in recent years. It uses high-temperature plasma to completely crack biomass into basic gas components, and the resulting synthesis gas mainly consists of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Compared with traditional gasification methods, plasma gasification has significant advantages, including high gasification efficiency, few by-products, and high product gas purity. Plasma gasification technology is particularly suitable for processing biomass with high water content, such as poultry manure, and it can completely decompose harmful substances and reduce environmental pollution. Currently, plasma gasification technology has been widely used in waste treatment and energy production.

[0003] However, plasma gasification technology has high energy consumption, and since the existing plasma gasification biomass power generation system uses traditional and single energy utilization methods, the potential energy of synthesis gas is not fully utilized. This makes the overall economic efficiency of the plasma gasification biomass power generation system low and difficult to promote on a large scale. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system that can improve the utilization rate of synthesis gas.

[0005] Technical solution: The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system of the present invention includes a plasma gasification system, an impurity removal and separation system, a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, a steam turbine power generation system, a synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system and an air separation unit; the impurity removal and separation system removes impurities and separates the synthesis gas generated by the plasma gasification system, and the separated hydrogen is sent to the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system, and other gases are sent to the gas turbine power generation system for power generation; the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system includes a first carbon dioxide compressor and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, and the first carbon dioxide compressor pressurizes the carbon dioxide generated by the gas turbine power generation system; a first heat exchanger is connected between the plasma gasification system and the impurity removal and separation system, and the first heat exchanger exchanges heat with the pressurized carbon dioxide to form a supercritical carbon dioxide The carbon enters the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine to generate electricity; a second heat exchanger is also connected between the plasma gasification system and the impurity removal and separation system, and a third heat exchanger and a first condenser are connected between the gas turbine power generation system and the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system. The carbon dioxide generated by the gas turbine power generation system exchanges heat with the third heat exchanger and the first condenser in sequence and then enters the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system; the water in the first condenser is gasified into water vapor after heat exchange with the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, and enters the steam turbine power generation system to generate electricity; the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system includes a synthetic ammonia unit, a liquid ammonia storage unit and an ammonia power generation unit; the hydrogen separated by the impurity removal and separation system and the nitrogen separated by the air separation unit are synthesized into ammonia in the synthetic ammonia unit, a part of the ammonia is cooled and liquefied and stored in the liquid ammonia storage unit, and the remaining ammonia enters the ammonia power generation unit to generate electricity.

[0006] The above system design can give full play to the advantages of distributed energy, effectively utilize the synthesis gas and waste heat after biomass plasma gasification and combustion, and realize ammonia synthesis at the same time, greatly improving the problem of insufficient utilization of the potential energy of synthesis gas, improving the overall economic efficiency of the system, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions while optimizing energy output. Specifically, the plasma gasification system uses high-temperature plasma to decompose waste into useful products. The plasma gasification system can increase the synthesis gas yield and further improve energy utilization. The heat of the raw synthesis gas is initially utilized through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The impurity removal and separation system separates and removes impurities from the raw synthesis gas, separating carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The air separation unit separates oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are burned in the gas turbine power generation system to generate carbon dioxide and water vapor and generate electricity. The hydrogen and nitrogen are used for ammonia synthesis and ammonia power generation in the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system utilizes the high thermal efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide and effectively uses the waste heat of synthesis gas to generate electricity. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system can adopt an indirect heating closed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle or a direct combustion semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, and can be combined with carbon dioxide capture and storage technology to further reduce carbon emissions.

[0007] The steam turbine power generation system consists of a high-temperature steam turbine and a medium-temperature steam turbine. The second heat exchanger vaporizes some of the water from the first condenser and feeds it to the medium-temperature steam turbine for power generation. The third heat exchanger vaporizes some of the water from the first condenser and feeds it to the high-temperature steam turbine for power generation. The gas turbine power generation system generates steam that is condensed by the first condenser. Part of the condensed water is then exchanged with the second and third heat exchangers, producing steam at different temperatures, effectively utilizing the system's waste heat. Furthermore, the steam can be fed into a plasma gasifier or combustion chamber as needed to improve biomass gasification or combustion conditions.

[0008] The steam turbine power generation system also includes a second condenser. The steam discharged from the medium-temperature steam turbine forms condensed water in the second condenser before entering the ammonia power generation unit. This condensed water can be further utilized in the ammonia power generation unit, further enhancing energy efficiency.

[0009] The steam turbine power generation system also includes a fourth heat exchanger. The water vapor exhausted from the high-temperature steam turbine enters the fourth heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide exhausted from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, and then enters the medium-temperature steam turbine to generate electricity, further utilizing the potential energy of the synthesis gas.

[0010] The supercritical CO2 power generation system also includes a second CO2 compressor. The CO2, which has undergone heat exchange in the fourth heat exchanger, is pressurized in the second CO2 compressor. It then absorbs heat from the ammonia synthesis and storage unit, forming supercritical CO2 that enters the supercritical CO2 turbine to generate electricity. This design effectively utilizes the heat generated during the ammonia synthesis process. Furthermore, compared to a single CO2 source, multi-source supercritical CO2 improves the overall power generation capacity and stability of the supercritical CO2 power generation system.

[0011] The ammonia synthesis unit includes a reaction gas compressor, a reaction gas preheater and an ammonia synthesis reactor; the hydrogen separated by the impurity removal and separation system and the nitrogen separated by the air separation unit are pressurized by the reaction gas compressor, enter the reaction gas preheater for preheating, and then are synthesized into ammonia in the ammonia synthesis reactor.

[0012] The liquid ammonia storage unit includes a liquid ammonia cooler and a liquid ammonia storage tank. Part of the ammonia synthesized by the synthetic ammonia unit is cooled by the liquid ammonia cooler and stored in the liquid ammonia storage tank, and the other part enters the ammonia power generation unit.

[0013] The ammonia power generation unit includes an ammonia synthesizer, a fifth heat exchanger and a turbine; part of the ammonia synthesized by the ammonia synthesis unit is sent to the ammonia synthesizer, and is configured into an ammonia solution with the condensed water discharged from the steam turbine power generation system in the ammonia synthesizer; the ammonia solution exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide discharged from the steam turbine power generation system in the fifth heat exchanger, the ammonia solution evaporates due to the heat, and the generated gas enters the turbine to generate electricity.

[0014] The turbine is also connected to an ammonia regenerator, a sixth heat exchanger and a storage unit. The gas exhausted by the turbine is reconfigured into an ammonia solution in a specific proportion in the ammonia regenerator. Part of the ammonia solution is stored in the storage unit, and the remaining ammonia solution is sent to the sixth heat exchanger, where it is heat exchanged with the carbon dioxide exhausted from the fifth heat exchanger and evaporated again to form gas, which then enters the turbine to generate electricity.

[0015] The synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system not only realizes the co-production of ammonia by utilizing the synthesis gas itself, but also further utilizes the potential thermal energy of the synthesis gas through heat exchange with other power generation systems.

[0016] The plasma gasification system includes a feeder, a plasma gasifier, and a by-product collection device. Biomass enters the plasma gasifier through the feeder. The plasma gasifier processes the biomass to form syngas and by-products. The by-products are collected by the by-product collection device, and the syngas is fed into the impurity removal and separation system. Preferably, the plasma gasifier adopts a fluidized bed design, using plasma to create a high-temperature environment, allowing biomass such as poultry manure to be thoroughly mixed with the fluidized medium and efficiently gasified. The plasma gasifier operates in a temperature range of 1200°C to 2000°C. Within this temperature range, the gasifier can maximize syngas yield and significantly reduce by-product formation. By increasing the syngas yield after biomass gasification and reducing by-product formation, the plasma gasifier optimizes the biomass gasification process. The by-product collection device can effectively collect and treat residual by-products, preventing their release into the environment, thereby further reducing the environmental impact of biomass gasification.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. By using plasma gasifier technology, the yield of syngas is significantly improved. The plasma gasifier uses high-temperature plasma to completely crack biomass into syngas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with higher gasification efficiency and less by-product generation. 2. By providing a gas turbine power generation system, a multi-source supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, and a dual-temperature steam turbine power generation system, multi-stage utilization of syngas and its waste heat is achieved. This cascade utilization strategy improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces heat energy loss, fully taps the potential of each stage of energy conversion equipment, and significantly improves overall power generation efficiency. 3. By integrating ammonia synthesis and ammonia power generation systems, efficient utilization of syngas and synthesis and storage of ammonia are achieved. The use of hydrogen and nitrogen in syngas for ammonia synthesis not only achieves efficient ammonia synthesis, but also generates electricity, further improving energy utilization. In addition, the synthesized ammonia can be stored and used as industrial raw materials such as fertilizers, thereby further enhancing the economy and flexibility of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of system distribution of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system described in the present invention includes a plasma gasification system, an impurity removal and separation system, a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, a steam turbine power generation system, a synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system and an air separation unit 30.

[0021] The plasma gasification system includes a feeder 1, a plasma gasifier 2, and a byproduct collection device 3. Feeder 1 supplies biomass to plasma gasifier 2, where high-temperature plasma gasifies the biomass and produces syngas containing gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The solid waste produced by plasma gasifier 2 can be collected by byproduct collection device 3. The carbon black in the solid waste can be used as a soil conditioner to promote crop growth; the ash in the solid waste can be used as an additive to building materials such as cement and concrete to improve their strength and properties; and the solid waste can also be used to store carbon dioxide. The plasma gasification system is at the upstream end of the system, responsible for generating the syngas required for the entire system. Its operating temperature range is 1200°C to 2000°C, so the syngas it produces carries a large amount of waste heat when discharged. This syngas and its waste heat can be further utilized in subsequent subsystems.

[0022] The impurity removal and separation system includes an impurity removal unit 6 and a membrane separation unit 7. A first heat exchanger 4 and a second heat exchanger 5 are connected between the plasma gasification system and the impurity removal and separation system. A first condenser 11 is connected between the gas turbine power generation system and the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system. After the high-temperature synthesis gas is discharged from the plasma gasification system, it exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide from the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system in the first heat exchanger 4, thereby increasing the temperature of the carbon dioxide and reducing the temperature of the synthesis gas. The synthesis gas that has been cooled once is passed into the second heat exchanger 5 and exchanges heat with the condensed water from the first condenser 11, evaporating the condensed water into water vapor. After the synthesis gas temperature is reduced again, it enters the impurity removal unit 6. The impurity removal unit 6 removes impurities such as solid particulate matter and sulfides from the syngas. The syngas exiting the impurity removal unit 6 is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Part of this mixture is fed directly into the combustion chamber 8 of the gas turbine power generation system, while part enters the membrane separation unit 7. The membrane separation unit 7 separates the hydrogen from the syngas and feeds it to the reaction gas compressor 19 of the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system. The separated carbon monoxide is then fed into the combustion chamber 8 of the gas turbine power generation system, while nitrogen and sulfides are also removed. The air separation unit separates oxygen and nitrogen from the air. The oxygen is fed into the combustion chamber 8 of the gas turbine power generation system, where it reacts with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. The nitrogen is fed into the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system to react with hydrogen, synthesizing ammonia and generating ammonia power. The heat from the syngas is transferred to condensed water and carbon dioxide generated by subsequent subsystems through the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 5, enabling multi-stage utilization of the syngas energy. In addition, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen separated by the impurity removal and separation system can be used by the gas turbine power generation system and the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system respectively, which also improves the utilization rate of the synthesis gas itself and reduces waste gas emissions.

[0023] The gas turbine power generation system includes a combustion chamber 8 and a gas turbine 9. A third heat exchanger 10 and a first condenser 11 are connected in sequence between the gas turbine power generation system and the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system. Oxygen separated by the air separation unit is passed into the combustion chamber 8, where it is combusted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen from the impurity removal and separation unit. The resulting carbon dioxide and water vapor enter the gas turbine 9 to generate electricity before being fed into the third heat exchanger 10. Within the third heat exchanger 10, the high-temperature flue gas from the gas turbine 9 exchanges heat with water from the first condenser 11. The water in the first condenser 11 is vaporized into high-temperature steam vapor, which then enters the high-temperature steam turbine 16 of the steam turbine power generation system to generate electricity. The flue gas exiting the third heat exchanger 10 then passes through the first condenser 11, where the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed and the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is fed into the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system.

[0024] The supercritical CO2 power generation system utilizes a semi-enclosed supercritical CO2 power generation system, comprising a first CO2 compressor 12, a second CO2 compressor 14, and a supercritical CO2 turbine 13. The CO2 gas at the outlet of the first condenser 11 is pressurized by the first CO2 compressor 12 and then exchanges heat with the syngas discharged from the plasma gasifier 2 in the first heat exchanger 4. After the temperature is raised to a supercritical state, the resulting supercritical CO2 enters the supercritical CO2 turbine 13 to generate electricity. The generated CO2 gas is then passed to the fourth heat exchanger 15 of the steam turbine power generation system. In the fourth heat exchanger 15, the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 13 exchanges heat with water vapor discharged from the steam turbine power generation system, appropriately raising the water vapor temperature. After the heat exchange, the carbon dioxide gas sequentially enters the fifth and sixth heat exchangers 25 and 29 of the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system. In the fifth and sixth heat exchangers 25 and 29, the waste heat of the carbon dioxide gas evaporates the ammonia solution, generating ammonia power generation. After the aforementioned cooling process, the carbon dioxide gas is fed into the second carbon dioxide compressor 14 for pressure increase, absorbing the heat generated during the ammonia synthesis process to reach a supercritical state. The resulting supercritical carbon dioxide is then fed into the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 13 to generate electricity. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system takes over the gas turbine power generation system, utilizing the carbon dioxide and waste heat generated by the gas turbine 9 system. It combines the steam turbine power generation system with the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system, achieving steam turbine power generation and ammonia power generation while capturing and recycling carbon.

[0025] The steam turbine power generation system includes a fourth heat exchanger 15, a high-temperature steam turbine 16, a medium-temperature steam turbine 17, and a second condenser 18. The water at the outlet of the first condenser 11 flows partially into the second heat exchanger 5 and partially into the third heat exchanger 10. The water vapor at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 5, which has a lower temperature, is directly fed into the medium-temperature steam turbine 17. The water vapor at the outlet of the third heat exchanger 10, which has a higher temperature, is first fed into the high-temperature steam turbine 16. The water vapor at the outlet of the high-temperature steam turbine 16 then flows into the fourth heat exchanger 15, where it exchanges heat with carbon dioxide discharged from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 13 and is then fed into the medium-temperature steam turbine 17 to further contribute to power generation. This dual-temperature steam power generation system fully utilizes waste heat from the system. The water vapor at the outlet of the medium-temperature steam turbine 17 is condensed into water by the second condenser 18 and fed into the ammonia synthesizer 24 of the ammonia synthesis and ammonia power generation system. In addition, the water vapor generated in the steam turbine power generation system can also enter the plasma gasification furnace 2 or the combustion chamber 8 according to actual needs to improve the gasification conditions or combustion conditions.

[0026] The synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system includes an ammonia synthesis unit, a liquid ammonia storage unit, and an ammonia power generation unit. The synthetic ammonia unit utilizes the heat generated by the reaction while producing ammonia, while the liquid ammonia storage unit liquefies the produced ammonia for industrial use. The synthetic ammonia unit includes a reaction gas compressor 19, a reaction gas preheater 20, and an ammonia synthesis reactor 21. The liquid ammonia storage unit includes a liquid ammonia cooler 22 and a liquid ammonia storage tank 23. The ammonia power generation unit includes an ammonia aqueous solution synthesizer 24, a fifth heat exchanger 25, a turbine 26, an ammonia aqueous solution regenerator 27, a storage unit 28, and a sixth heat exchanger 29. The nitrogen at the outlet of the air separation unit and the hydrogen from the membrane separation unit 7 are pressurized in the reaction gas compressor 19 and then pass through the reaction gas preheater 20 to exchange heat with the generated ammonia to increase its temperature. In the synthetic ammonia reactor 21, the pressurized and preheated hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas reacts to produce ammonia. The obtained ammonia is cooled by heat exchange with the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas discharged from the reaction gas compressor 19 in the reaction gas preheater 20. Part of the ammonia is sent to the liquid ammonia storage tank 23 after passing through the liquid ammonia cooler 22, and part of the ammonia is sent to the ammonia water synthesizer 24. In the ammonia synthesizer 24, ammonia is mixed with water at the outlet of the second condenser 18 and configured into an ammonia solution. The obtained ammonia solution is first sent to the fifth heat exchanger 25. In the fifth heat exchanger 25, the ammonia solution is heat-exchanged with the carbon dioxide at the outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 15, and the temperature rises, and ammonia and water vapor are evaporated. The evaporated gas is sent to the turbine 26 for power generation, and then sent to the ammonia regenerator 27. The ammonia regenerator 27 separates the ammonia and water vapor, and uses the separated ammonia and water vapor to reconfigure the ammonia solution of the target concentration. Part of the ammonia solution is sent to the storage unit 28 for storage, and the other part is sent to the sixth heat exchanger 29. The concentration of the ammonia solution obtained by the ammonia regenerator 27 is greater than the concentration of the ammonia solution synthesized by the ammonia synthesizer 24. As the concentration of the ammonia solution in the ammonia synthesizer 24 increases, its evaporation temperature will decrease accordingly. The carbon dioxide at the outlet of the fifth heat exchanger 25 exchanges heat with the ammonia solution produced by the ammonia synthesizer 24 through the sixth heat exchanger 29. After the ammonia solution is heated and evaporated, it enters the turbine 26 again to generate power. The ammonia power generation unit fully utilizes the waste heat of carbon dioxide by synthesizing two ammonia solutions of different concentrations, while producing ammonia water required for industrial processes.

Claims

1. A plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system, characterized in that: It includes a plasma gasification system, an impurity removal and separation system, a gas turbine power generation system, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, a steam turbine power generation system, a synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system, and an air separation unit (30); The impurity removal and separation system removes impurities and separates the synthesis gas generated by the plasma gasification system. The separated hydrogen is sent to the synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system, and other gases are sent to the gas turbine power generation system for power generation; The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system includes a first carbon dioxide compressor (12) and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine (13). The first carbon dioxide compressor (12) pressurizes the carbon dioxide generated by the gas turbine power generation system. A first heat exchanger (4) is connected between the plasma gasification system and the impurity removal and separation system. The first heat exchanger (4) exchanges heat with the pressurized carbon dioxide, and the supercritical carbon dioxide generated enters the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine (13) to generate electricity. A second heat exchanger (5) is further connected between the plasma gasification system and the impurity removal and separation system, and a third heat exchanger (10) and a first condenser (11) are connected between the gas turbine power generation system and the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system. The carbon dioxide generated by the gas turbine power generation system exchanges heat with the third heat exchanger (10) and the first condenser (11) in sequence and then enters the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system; the water in the first condenser (11) exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger (5) and the third heat exchanger (10) and then gasifies into water vapor, which enters the steam turbine power generation system to generate electricity; The synthetic ammonia and ammonia power generation system comprises a synthetic ammonia unit, a liquid ammonia storage unit and an ammonia power generation unit; hydrogen separated by the impurity removal and separation system and nitrogen separated by the air separation unit (30) are synthesized into ammonia in the synthetic ammonia unit, a portion of the ammonia is cooled and liquefied and then stored in the liquid ammonia storage unit, and the remaining ammonia enters the ammonia power generation unit to generate electricity.

2. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam turbine power generation system includes a high-temperature steam turbine (16) and a medium-temperature steam turbine (17); the second heat exchanger (5) vaporizes part of the water in the first condenser (11) and sends the vaporized water to the medium-temperature steam turbine (17) for power generation; the third heat exchanger (10) vaporizes part of the water in the first condenser (11) and sends the vaporized water to the high-temperature steam turbine (16) for power generation.

3. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam turbine power generation system also includes a second condenser (18). The water vapor discharged from the medium-temperature steam turbine (17) forms condensed water in the second condenser (18) and then enters the ammonia power generation unit.

4. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam turbine power generation system further includes a fourth heat exchanger (15). The water vapor discharged from the high-temperature steam turbine (16) enters the fourth heat exchanger (15) and exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide discharged from the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine (13), and then enters the medium-temperature steam turbine (17) to generate electricity.

5. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system also includes a second carbon dioxide compressor (14). The carbon dioxide that has completed heat exchange in the fourth heat exchanger (15) is pressurized in the second carbon dioxide compressor (14), and then absorbs heat from the synthetic ammonia and the storage unit to form supercritical carbon dioxide again and enter the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine (13) to generate electricity.

6. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis unit comprises a reaction gas compressor (19), a reaction gas preheater (20) and an ammonia synthesis reactor (21); hydrogen separated by the impurity removal and separation system and nitrogen separated by the air separation unit (30) are pressurized by the reaction gas compressor (19), enter the reaction gas preheater (20) for preheating, and are then synthesized into ammonia in the ammonia synthesis reactor (21).

7. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia storage unit includes a liquid ammonia cooler (22) and a liquid ammonia storage tank (23). Part of the ammonia synthesized by the synthetic ammonia unit is cooled by the liquid ammonia cooler (22) and stored in the liquid ammonia storage tank (23), and the other part enters the ammonia power generation unit.

8. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia power generation unit includes an ammonia water synthesizer (24), a fifth heat exchanger (25) and a turbine (26); part of the ammonia synthesized by the ammonia synthesis unit is sent to the ammonia water synthesizer (24), and is configured into an ammonia water solution with condensed water discharged from the steam turbine power generation system in the ammonia water synthesizer (24); the ammonia water solution exchanges heat with carbon dioxide discharged from the steam turbine power generation system in the fifth heat exchanger (25), and the ammonia water solution is evaporated by the heat, and the generated gas enters the turbine (26) to generate electricity.

9. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The turbine (26) is further connected to an ammonia water regenerator (27), a sixth heat exchanger (29) and a storage unit (28). The gas discharged from the turbine (26) is reconfigured into an ammonia water solution in a specific ratio in the ammonia water regenerator (27). Part of the ammonia water solution is stored in the storage unit (28), and the remaining ammonia water solution is sent to the sixth heat exchanger (29) and evaporated again to form gas after heat exchange with the carbon dioxide discharged from the fifth heat exchanger (25). The gas then enters the turbine (26) to generate electricity.

10. The plasma gasification biomass power generation and synthetic ammonia co-production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma gasification system comprises a feeder (1), a plasma gasification furnace (2) and a by-product collecting device (3). Biomass enters the plasma gasification furnace (2) through the feeder (1). The plasma gasification furnace (2) processes the biomass to form synthesis gas and by-products. The by-products are collected by the by-product collecting device (3), and the synthesis gas is sent to an impurity removal and separation system.

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