High-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass, thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator, a thermal management system, and a vehicle based on hot gas bypass. The gas-liquid separator includes a tank body, a tank cover, a canopy cover, a first suction pipe, a turbulence structure, a high-temperature gas coil, and a second suction pipe. The bottom of the tank body has a bypass hot gas inlet connected to the inlet end of the high-temperature gas coil, and the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil is connected to the tank body through the turbulence structure. The tank cover has a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet. A canopy cover is installed under the tank cover, and the first suction pipe passes through the canopy cover. The second suction pipe is sleeved on the first suction pipe, forming a suction flow path. The two ends of the first suction pipe are connected to the low-pressure outlet and the second suction pipe, respectively, and the second suction pipe is connected to the tank body. This gas-liquid separator is suitable for hot gas bypass systems, utilizing the high-temperature gas from the compressor exhaust port to heat the refrigerant on the low-pressure side in multiple ways, avoiding liquid carryover during suction, and significantly improving the self-heating efficiency of the hot gas bypass compressor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management system technology for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator, thermal management system and vehicle based on hot gas bypass. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization of new energy vehicles, thermal management technology for new energy vehicles has also developed rapidly. In the thermal management system, a gas-liquid separator is needed to separate the gas and liquid phases of the refrigerant to ensure the normal and stable operation of the compressor and the system.

[0003] In ultra-low temperature environments, the characteristics of refrigerants make it difficult for automotive heat pump systems to generate heat. Therefore, most systems currently use electric heating devices to heat the passenger compartment or battery. Hot gas bypass technology allows the compressor to generate its own heat, thus replacing expensive electric heating devices and achieving efficient heating in ultra-low temperature environments while reducing costs. However, commonly used gas-liquid separators generally only separate the gas and liquid phases of the refrigerant. If traditional gas-liquid separators are used in hot gas bypass systems, uneven gas mixing, poor self-heating effect, and slow speed will occur. Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is: to design a gas-liquid separator with a high-efficiency self-heating function and apply it to a hot gas bypass thermal management system, thereby avoiding liquid carryover during gas intake and addressing the problems of poor self-heating effect and slow heating rate of traditional gas-liquid separators in ultra-low temperature environments. This invention provides a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass, a thermal management system, and a vehicle.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] (I) A high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass

[0007] The gas-liquid separator mainly consists of a tank body, a tank cover, an umbrella cover, a first suction pipe, a turbulence structure, a high-temperature gas coil, and a second suction pipe. The tank body has a bypass hot gas inlet at its bottom, and a high-temperature gas coil is arranged above the bypass hot gas inlet. The inlet end of the high-temperature gas coil is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet, and the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil is equipped with a turbulence structure that connects to the interior of the tank body. The tank body has a tank cover at its top, with a low-pressure inlet and a low-pressure outlet on the cover. An umbrella cover is installed below the tank cover, and a first suction pipe passes through the umbrella cover. A second suction pipe is coaxially spaced around the outside of the first suction pipe, and the cavity between the first and second suction pipes forms a suction flow path. The top end of the first suction pipe is connected to the low-pressure outlet, and the bottom end of the first suction pipe is connected to the bottom end of the second suction pipe. The top end of the second suction pipe is connected to the interior of the tank body.

[0008] The high-temperature gas coil has a spiral structure with the axis of the tank as the central axis. The outer edge of the spiral of the high-temperature gas coil is arranged at intervals with the inner sidewall of the tank. Several aluminum strips are arranged between the high-temperature gas coil and the second suction pipe. The two ends of the aluminum strips are fixedly connected to the high-temperature gas coil and the second suction pipe, respectively.

[0009] The first suction pipe has a pressure equalization hole at its upper part, and the upper edge of the second suction pipe is located below the pressure equalization hole. The bottom end of the first suction pipe is an open end, allowing the first suction pipe to communicate with the second suction pipe. The bottom of the second suction pipe has a conical end cap, the wide end of which is fixedly connected to the second suction pipe. The tip of the conical end cap is spaced apart from the bottom inner wall of the tank. An oil return hole is opened at the tip of the conical end cap, which communicates with the interior of the second suction pipe and is submerged in the oil at the bottom of the tank. A filter screen is fitted on the outer side of the bottom of the second suction pipe. The filter screen is cylindrical and interference-fitted with the second suction pipe. The bottom end of the filter screen is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the tank.

[0010] The turbulence structure is mainly composed of tubular turbulence devices, which are either straight or curved. The outer periphery of the tubular turbulence device is provided with a turbulence filter structure, which has a mesh size of 100 or 200 mesh.

[0011] A drying pack is arranged on the outside of the second suction tube.

[0012] The outer periphery of the umbrella cover is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tank body; a diversion groove is formed on the top surface of the umbrella cover, which is mainly composed of a circular groove and several strip grooves. The circular groove is arranged directly below the low-pressure inlet, and several strip grooves are radially distributed around the circular groove. Each strip groove extends from the outer edge of the circular groove to the outer edge of the umbrella cover; an air intake pipe through hole is also formed on the umbrella cover, and a first air intake pipe is installed through the air intake pipe through hole. The end of the first air intake pipe passes through the air intake pipe through hole and extends into the low-pressure outlet.

[0013] (II) A thermal management system employing a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass.

[0014] The vehicle thermal management system includes a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, an air conditioning unit, a first electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a control valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a first solenoid valve, and a check valve. The gas-liquid separator is a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator. The air conditioning unit includes a blower, an indoor condenser, and an indoor evaporator. The exhaust port of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the control valve and the inlet of the indoor condenser, respectively. The outlet of the control valve is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator. The low-pressure outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor. The outlet of the indoor condenser is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve and the inlet of the first solenoid valve, respectively. The outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the check valve via the outdoor heat exchanger. The outlet of the check valve, the outlet of the first solenoid valve, and the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve are connected. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the indoor evaporator. The outlet of the indoor evaporator is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the control valve includes a second electronic expansion valve.

[0016] As another alternative implementation, the control valve includes a second solenoid valve, and the gas-liquid separator further includes a capillary tube arranged between the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil and the turbulence structure.

[0017] When the control valve is open and the thermal management system is in hot gas bypass mode, the first solenoid valve is turned on and the first electronic expansion valve is turned off.

[0018] (iii) A vehicle that includes a thermal management system employing a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass.

[0019] The vehicle includes the aforementioned vehicle thermal management system.

[0020] The gas-liquid separator provided by this invention utilizes hot gas bypassed from the compressor to heat the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous and liquid refrigerant inside the separator. This improves the dryness of the compressor's suction port and protects the compressor, while simultaneously achieving rapid refrigerant temperature rise in the system and enhancing the compressor's self-heating efficiency. Furthermore, impurities discharged from the compressor can be stored in a turbulence-reducing structure, minimizing impurities deposited at the bottom and preventing them from clogging the filter screen outside the oil return hole.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this method are as follows:

[0022] 1. The gas-liquid separator in this invention utilizes the high-temperature, high-pressure gas bypassing the compressor to heat the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous and liquid refrigerant inside the gas-liquid separator in multiple ways. While improving the dryness of the compressor suction port and protecting the compressor, it can rapidly raise the temperature of the refrigerant, realize the function of heating in ultra-low temperature environments, and improve the efficiency of compressor self-heating.

[0023] 2. The gas-liquid separator in this invention is equipped with both a coil and a turbulence structure, resulting in a larger heat exchange area and more thorough heat exchange inside the separator. Furthermore, the turbulence structure not only throttles the high-temperature, high-pressure gas bypassing the compressor, but also mixes and exchanges heat between the filtered high-temperature gas and the low-temperature refrigerant, further improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] 3. The gas-liquid separator in this invention can store the impurities discharged from the compressor in the turbulence structure, reduce the impurities deposited at the bottom, prevent impurities from participating in the system circulation, and prevent impurities from clogging the external filter screen of the oil return hole.

[0025] 4. The gas-liquid separator in this invention avoids the defect of liquid carrying in the intake air under the hot gas bypass condition of the compressor, and greatly improves the efficiency and speed of the compressor's self-heating. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas-liquid separator tank of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-liquid separator tank of the present invention along its axis;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view of the umbrella cover in the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the aluminum strip welding between the high-temperature gas coil and the second suction pipe in the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 These are schematic diagrams of two structural forms of the turbulence structure in the gas-liquid separator of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the hot gas bypass system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the hot gas bypass system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant flow direction in the gas-liquid separator of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 101. Bypass hot gas inlet; 2. Tank cover; 201. Low-pressure inlet; 202. Low-pressure outlet; 203. Screw hole; 3. Umbrella cover; 301. Suction pipe through hole; 302. Diverter groove; 4. First suction pipe; 401. Pressure equalization hole; 5. Dryer package; 6. Turbulence structure; 601. Screw; 7. High-temperature gas coil; 701. Aluminum strip; 8. Second suction pipe; 9. Oil return hole; 10. Filter screen; 11. Supply port screw hole; 12. Compressor; 13. Air conditioning unit; 1301. Indoor condenser; 1302. Indoor evaporator; 1303. Blower; 14. First electronic expansion valve; 15. Outdoor heat exchanger; 16. Second electronic expansion valve; 17. Gas-liquid separator; 18. Third electronic expansion valve; 19. First solenoid valve; 20. Check valve; 21. Second solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] The gas-liquid separator in this invention throttles the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor exhaust port and sends it into the high-temperature gas coil, which can significantly improve the refrigerant dryness at the gas-liquid separator outlet, protecting the compressor. It also significantly accelerates the temperature rise of the low-temperature refrigerant, improves the self-heating efficiency of the hot gas bypass compressor, and thus enhances the heating capacity of the heat pump system in ultra-low temperature environments. Specifically, this is reflected in five aspects:

[0040] First, the high-temperature gas enters the gas-liquid separator tank after being turbulent by the turbulence structure, where it is fully mixed with the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the upper part of the tank, rapidly increasing the temperature of the low-temperature refrigerant.

[0041] Secondly, when the low-pressure side refrigerant enters the tank, it flows through the gap between the high-temperature gas coil and the inner wall and undergoes heat exchange, absorbing the heat of the high-temperature gas.

[0042] Furthermore, during operation, the liquid refrigerant will remain in the lower half of the gas-liquid separator. At this time, the high-temperature gas coil is immersed in it and will release heat to heat the liquid refrigerant.

[0043] Furthermore, when the refrigerant evaporates inside the tank, the gaseous refrigerant will move from bottom to top, and in this process it will come into contact with the high-temperature gas coil, thus improving the heating effect;

[0044] Finally, an aluminum strip is welded between the high-temperature gas coil and the second suction pipe, which can transfer heat to the low-temperature gas refrigerant inside the second suction pipe through thermal conduction.

[0045] In addition, this gas-liquid separator can store the impurities discharged from the compressor in the turbulence structure, reducing the impurities deposited at the bottom, preventing impurities from participating in the system circulation, and preventing impurities from clogging the external filter screen of the oil return hole.

[0046] In the thermal management system, when the thermal management system is in hot gas bypass mode, during the compressor self-heating process, the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant mixes with the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator, rapidly increasing the refrigerant temperature in the cycle, increasing the suction and discharge pressure, establishing a stable pressure difference, and thus achieving self-heating in a low-temperature environment.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the gas-liquid separator provided by the present invention mainly consists of a tank body 1, a tank cover 2, an umbrella cover 3, a first suction pipe 4, a turbulence structure 6, a high-temperature gas coil 7, and a second suction pipe 8.

[0048] The bottom of tank 1 is provided with a bypass hot air inlet 101. Figure 4 A high-temperature gas coil 7 is arranged above the bypass hot gas inlet 101. The inlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet 101, and the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 is equipped with a turbulence structure 6, which is connected to the interior of the tank 1. The bypass hot gas inlet 101 is connected to the high-pressure side of the thermal management system. High-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the high-temperature gas coil 7 through the bypass hot gas inlet 101, and enters the interior of the tank 1 from bottom to top after passing through the turbulence structure 6. In addition, after passing through the turbulence structure 6, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas disperses in all directions, fully mixing with the low-pressure and low-temperature gas accumulated at the top of the tank 1, rapidly increasing the temperature of the low-temperature refrigerant.

[0049] Specifically, the high-temperature gas coil 7 has a spiral structure, with the axis of the tank 1 as the central axis, i.e., a straight line around which the spiral shape rotates. The outer edge of the spiral of the high-temperature gas coil 7 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tank 1, creating a gap between the outer surface of the spiral of the high-temperature gas coil 7 (the outermost surface of the spiral structure) and the inner wall of the tank 1. Low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows in from the inner wall and through the gap, exchanging heat with the high-temperature gas inside the high-temperature gas coil 7. The outer edge of the spiral refers to the outermost edge of the spiral structure, i.e., the outermost boundary of the spiral profile. Furthermore, during operation, the liquid refrigerant remains in the lower half of the gas-liquid separator, where the high-temperature gas coil 7 is immersed, releasing heat to heat the liquid refrigerant.

[0050] Preferably, the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 is located in the upper middle part of the tank 1, that is, the outlet end is located above the liquid surface of the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator, so as to ensure that the high-temperature gas discharged by the turbulence structure 6 can be fully mixed with the low-pressure low-temperature gas gathered at the top of the tank 1, and that the high-temperature gas coil 7 is immersed in the liquid refrigerant at the bottom and heats the liquid refrigerant with the heat emitted by itself.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the tank 1 is provided with a tank cover 2, and the tank cover 2 is provided with a low-pressure inlet 201 and a low-pressure outlet 202. The low-pressure inlet 201 and the low-pressure outlet 202 are the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant on the low-pressure side, respectively. The low-pressure inlet 201 is used to add the liquid refrigerant or gas-liquid mixture to be separated, and the low-pressure outlet 202 is used to discharge the separated gaseous refrigerant.

[0052] Specifically, the refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid separator through the low-pressure outlet 202 has a higher temperature than the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator through the low-pressure inlet 201. Furthermore, the refrigerant entering the gas-liquid separator through the bypass hot gas inlet 101 has a higher temperature and pressure than both the refrigerant entering through the low-pressure inlet 201 and the refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid separator through the low-pressure outlet 202.

[0053] Furthermore, the low-pressure inlet 201 is connected to the output end of the indoor evaporator 1302 in the external air conditioner, the low-pressure outlet 202 is connected to the air inlet of the external compressor 12, and the bypass hot air inlet 101 is connected to the exhaust port of the external compressor 12.

[0054] A canopy 3 is installed below the canopy 2. The top surface of the canopy 3 is provided with a diversion groove 302. Liquid refrigerant or liquid refrigerant in a gas-liquid mixture introduced from the low-pressure inlet 201 enters the interior of the canopy 1 through the diversion groove 302. A first suction pipe 4 is installed on the canopy 3. A second suction pipe 8 is coaxially spaced on the outside of the first suction pipe 4. The cavity between the first suction pipe 4 and the second suction pipe 8 forms a suction flow path. The bottom end of the first suction pipe 4 is connected to the bottom end of the second suction pipe 8. The top end of the first suction pipe 4 is connected to the low-pressure outlet 202. The top end of the second suction pipe 8 is connected to the interior of the canopy 1. The separated gaseous refrigerant gas on the low-pressure side that accumulates at the top of the canopy 1 enters the suction flow path through the top end of the second suction pipe 8, enters the first suction pipe 4 from the bottom end of the first suction pipe 4, flows out from the low-pressure outlet 202, and then flows into the compressor 12.

[0055] Specifically, the common axis of the first suction pipe 4 and the second suction pipe 8 is parallel to the axis of the tank body 1.

[0056] Furthermore, several aluminum strips 701 are arranged between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the second suction pipe 8. The two ends of the aluminum strips 701 are fixedly connected to the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the second suction pipe 8, respectively, preferably by welding. The function of the aluminum strips 701 is to enhance the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the low-pressure gas and to fix the second suction pipe 8.

[0057] Preferably, the aluminum strip 701 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the second suction pipe 8.

[0058] Furthermore, the upper part of the first suction pipe 4 is provided with a pressure equalization hole 401, which is used to balance the gas pressure between the inside of the first suction pipe 4 and the inside of the tank 1. The upper edge of the second suction pipe 8 is located below the pressure equalization hole 401, so that the suction flow path between the second suction pipe 8 and the first suction pipe 4 is connected to the inside of the tank 1. In addition, the bottom end of the first suction pipe 4 is an open end, so that the bottom end of the first suction pipe 4 is connected to the bottom end of the second suction pipe 8.

[0059] Furthermore, the bottom of the second suction pipe 8 is provided with a conical end cap, the wide end of which is fixedly and sealed to the second suction pipe 8. The tip of the conical end cap is spaced apart from the bottom inner wall of the tank 1, and an oil return hole 9 is provided at the tip of the conical end cap. The oil return hole 9 is close to the inner bottom surface of the tank 1 and communicates with the inside of the second suction pipe 8. The oil return hole 9 is submerged in the oil at the bottom of the tank 1, so that the compressor oil stored at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator can return to the refrigerant circulation through the oil return hole 9.

[0060] Furthermore, a filter screen 10 is fitted on the outer side of the bottom of the second suction pipe 8. The filter screen 10 is cylindrical and is tightly connected to the second suction pipe 8 by an interference fit. The bottom end of the filter screen 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the tank 1.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, the turbulence structure 6 mainly consists of a tubular turbulent, which can be a straight tube (left) or a bent tube (right), preferably a bent tube, because the bent tube type can store more impurities at its end. The outer circumference of the tubular turbulent adopts a turbulence filter structure, with its first end fixed and sealed to the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7, and its end closed; the mesh size of the turbulence filter structure is 100 mesh or 200 mesh, so that the impurities discharged from the exhaust port of the external compressor 12 are stored in the turbulence structure 6, preventing impurities from entering the interior of the tank 1, which would then cause the filter 10 outside the oil return hole 9 to become clogged. Specifically, the turbulence structure 6 is fixed and sealed to the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 by screws 601.

[0062] Furthermore, a drying package 5 is wound around the outside of the second suction pipe 8. The drying package 5 is used to dry the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator. Preferably, the drying package 5 is located on the outside of the second suction pipe 8 away from the aluminum strip 701.

[0063] The outer periphery of the umbrella cover 3 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tank body 1. Due to the gap between the outer periphery of the umbrella cover 3 and the inner wall of the tank body 1, the liquid refrigerant flowing in from the low-pressure inlet 201 flows out from the strip groove and can flow evenly into the tank body 1 under the action of gravity along the inner wall. During this process, when the low-pressure side refrigerant enters the interior of the tank body 1, it flows through the gap between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the inner wall of the tank body 1 and undergoes heat exchange, absorbing the heat of the high-temperature gas, which greatly accelerates the heating rate of the low-temperature refrigerant, improves the self-heating efficiency of the hot gas bypass compressor, and thus improves the heating capacity of the heat pump system in ultra-low temperature environments.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, the flow channel 302 of the umbrella cover 3 includes a circular channel and several strip channels. The circular channel is arranged directly below the low-pressure inlet 201 and is used to receive liquid refrigerant or gas-liquid mixture flowing in from the low-pressure inlet 201. Several strip channels are radially distributed around the circular channel. Each strip channel is arranged in a straight line and extends from the edge of the circular channel to the outer edge of the umbrella cover 3.

[0065] The umbrella cover 3 is also provided with an air intake pipe through hole 301, and a first air intake pipe 4 is inserted through the air intake pipe through hole 301. The top end of the first air intake pipe 4 extends into the low pressure outlet 202 after passing through the air intake pipe through hole 301. The umbrella cover 3 is steppedly positioned by an annular groove opened along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the first air intake pipe 4.

[0066] like Figure 3As shown, the tank cover 2 has screw holes 203 for installing pipeline pressure plates. A low-pressure inlet pipeline pressure plate is arranged at the low-pressure inlet 201, and a low-pressure outlet pipeline pressure plate is arranged at the low-pressure outlet 202. The low-pressure inlet pipeline pressure plate and the low-pressure outlet pipeline pressure plate are each fixedly connected to the tank cover 2 through at least one screw hole 203. Figure 4 As shown, a bypass hot gas inlet pipe pressure plate is arranged at the bypass hot gas inlet 101, and the bypass hot gas inlet pipe pressure plate is fixed to the bottom of the tank body 1 through the bypass hot gas inlet screw hole 11.

[0067] The vehicle thermal management system provided by this invention includes a gas-liquid separator 17, a compressor 12, an air conditioning unit 13, a first electronic expansion valve 14, an outdoor heat exchanger 15, a control valve, a third electronic expansion valve 18, a first solenoid valve 19, and a one-way valve 20. The air conditioning unit 13 includes a blower 1303, an indoor condenser 1301, and an indoor evaporator 1302. The compressor 12, together with the air conditioning unit 13, the outdoor heat exchanger 15, the first electronic expansion valve 14, the third electronic expansion valve 18, and the bypass hot gas inlet 101 and low-pressure outlet 202 of the gas-liquid separator 17, form a conventional air conditioning heat pump circuit. Furthermore, the exhaust port of the compressor 12 is connected to the inlet of the control valve via a pipe, and the outlet of the control valve is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet 101 of the gas-liquid separator 17 via a pipe.

[0068] Specifically, the exhaust port of compressor 12 is connected to the inlet of control valve and the inlet of indoor condenser 1301, respectively; the outlet of control valve is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet 101 of gas-liquid separator 17; the low-pressure outlet 202 of gas-liquid separator 17 is connected to the inlet of compressor 12; the outlet of indoor condenser 1301 is connected to the inlet of first electronic expansion valve 14 and the inlet of first solenoid valve 19, respectively; the outlet of first electronic expansion valve 14 is connected to the inlet of one-way valve 20 via outdoor heat exchanger 15; the outlet of one-way valve 20, the outlet of first solenoid valve 19, and the inlet of third electronic expansion valve 18 are connected; the outlet of third electronic expansion valve 18 is connected to the inlet of indoor evaporator 1302; and the outlet of indoor evaporator 1302 is connected to the low-pressure inlet 201 of gas-liquid separator 17.

[0069] Optionally, the control valve includes a second electronic expansion valve 16.

[0070] Optionally, the control valve includes a second solenoid valve 21, and the gas-liquid separator 17 also includes a capillary tube arranged between the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the turbulence structure 6. The capillary tube is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the high-temperature gas coil 7.

[0071] In the thermal management system, when the system is in hot gas bypass mode, the control valve and the first solenoid valve 19 are opened, and the first electronic expansion valve 14 is closed. During this process, the outdoor heat exchanger 15 is bypassed by the first solenoid valve 19, preventing the high-temperature refrigerant from losing heat to the environment after passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 15. Simultaneously, because a check valve 20 is installed between the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 15 and the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 18, heat release from the refrigerant to the outside is prevented during hot gas bypass mode, and liquid refrigerant is prevented from accumulating in the outdoor heat exchanger 15.

[0072] Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0073] Example 1

[0074] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a gas-liquid separator, which mainly includes a tank body 1, a tank cover 2, an umbrella cover 3, a first suction pipe 4, a turbulence structure 6, a high-temperature gas coil 7, and a second suction pipe 8.

[0075] The upper part of the tank cover 2 of the gas-liquid separator is provided with an inlet (low-pressure inlet 201) and an outlet (low-pressure outlet 202) for the low-pressure refrigerant, and is provided with a screw hole 203 for installing a pipeline pressure plate; a canopy 3 is installed below the tank cover 2 and is positioned by the stepped outer surface of the first suction pipe 4. There is a gap between the canopy 3 and the inner wall of the tank body 1.

[0076] The first suction pipe 4 is fixed at the low-pressure outlet 202 (low-pressure side refrigerant outlet), and the second suction pipe 8 is sleeved on the outside of the first suction pipe 4 to form a coaxial structure; the first suction pipe 4 and the second suction pipe 8 together form the suction flow path of the gas-liquid separator. The low-pressure side gas that gathers in the upper part of the tank 1 flows into the cavity between the second suction pipe 8 and the first suction pipe 4 through the upper part of the second suction pipe 8, flows out of the low-pressure outlet 202 after passing through the inside of the first suction pipe 4, and then flows into the compressor 12.

[0077] There is a pressure equalization hole 401 at the upper part of the first intake pipe 4, which is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the first intake pipe 4.

[0078] The lower part of the second suction pipe 8 is sealed with a conical end cap, and there is an oil return hole 9 at the tip. The oil return hole 9 is close to the bottom surface of the tank body 1, and the compressor oil stored at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator can return to the refrigerant circulation through the oil return hole 9. A cylindrical filter screen 10 is provided at the bottom of the second suction pipe 8, and the two are connected by an interference fit.

[0079] like Figure 5As shown, the umbrella cover 3 has an intake pipe through-hole 301 and a diversion groove 302. The lower end of the first intake pipe 4 passes through the intake pipe through-hole 301 and extends into the interior of the tank body 1. The diversion groove 302 consists of a circular groove and a strip groove, with the circular groove located directly below the low-pressure inlet 201. The low-pressure refrigerant collects on the circular groove of the diversion groove 302 after passing through the low-pressure inlet 201, and flows to the periphery of the umbrella cover 3 through the strip groove, finally flowing evenly into the tank body 1 along the inner wall of the tank body 1.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the lower part of the tank body 1 has a bypass hot gas inlet 101 and a bypass hot gas inlet screw hole 11 to facilitate the fixing of the pipeline pressure block.

[0081] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-temperature gas coil 7 is coiled inside the tank 1. The center of the high-temperature gas coil 7 is the same as that of the tank 1, and there is a certain gap between the outer wall of the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the inner wall of the tank 1. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows in from the inner wall and passes through this gap, where it can exchange heat with the high-temperature gas inside the high-temperature gas coil 7.

[0082] The high-temperature gas coil 7 is fixed to the bypass hot gas inlet 101 at the bottom of the tank 1. High-temperature gas enters the high-temperature gas coil 7 through the bypass hot gas inlet 101 and then flows upwards into the interior of the tank 1. The outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 has a turbulence-dispersing structure 6. The turbulence-dispersing structure 6 has a filter screen around its perimeter and is sealed at its end. After passing through the turbulence-dispersing structure 6, the high-temperature gas disperses outwards, fully mixing with the low-pressure gas in the upper part of the tank 1. The turbulence-dispersing structure 6 is connected to the high-temperature gas coil 7 by screws 601.

[0083] Preferably, the mesh size of the filter structure on the outer periphery of the turbulence structure 6 can be 100 mesh or 200 mesh. Impurities discharged from the compressor outlet can be stored in the turbulence structure 6 to prevent impurities from entering the tank 1 and causing the external filter 10 of the oil return hole 9 to become clogged.

[0084] Preferably, such as Figure 6 As shown, an aluminum strip 701 is welded between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the second suction pipe 8. Its function is to enhance the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the low-pressure gas and to fix the second suction pipe 8.

[0085] Optionally, such as Figure 8 As shown, the turbulence structure 6 can take two forms, including a straight tube type and a bent tube type. The bent tube type turbulence structure can store more impurities at the end.

[0086] Optionally, a drying package 5 is wrapped around the outside of the second suction pipe 8. The drying package 5 is used to dry the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment relates to an electric vehicle thermal management system based on hot gas bypass, including the aforementioned gas-liquid separator. This thermal management system includes a compressor 12, an air conditioning unit 13, a first electronic expansion valve 14, an outdoor heat exchanger 15, a second electronic expansion valve 16, a third electronic expansion valve 18, a gas-liquid separator 17, a first solenoid valve 19, and a one-way valve 20. The gas-liquid separator 17 is the same as the one in Embodiment 1.

[0089] The compressor 12, together with the air conditioning unit 13, the first electronic expansion valve 14, the outdoor heat exchanger 15, the third electronic expansion valve 18, and the gas-liquid separator 17, forms a conventional air conditioning heat pump circuit. In this thermal management system, the exhaust port of the compressor 12 is connected to the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 16 via a pipeline, and the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 16 is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet 101 of the aforementioned gas-liquid separator 17.

[0090] Preferably, the one-way valve 20 can prevent liquid refrigerant from accumulating in the outdoor heat exchanger 15 under hot gas bypass conditions.

[0091] Optionally, the outdoor heat exchanger 15 can be bypassed by the first solenoid valve 19 to prevent the high-temperature refrigerant from losing heat to the environment after passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 15.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric vehicle thermal management system based on hot gas bypass, including the aforementioned gas-liquid separator. Compared to Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a low-cost and high-efficiency thermal management system implementation, in which the second electronic expansion valve 16 in the thermal management system is replaced by a second solenoid valve 21. In this case, the solenoid valve does not have a throttling and pressure-reducing function; therefore, a capillary tube is connected to the end of the high-temperature gas coil 7 inside the gas-liquid separator 17 (i.e., the aforementioned outlet end), and the end of the capillary tube is connected to a turbulence-inducing structure 6. In this embodiment, because the temperature of the high-temperature gas in the high-temperature gas coil 7 is higher, the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature refrigerant is more efficient, thereby resulting in higher self-heating efficiency.

[0094] In the above technical solution, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 12's exhaust port is throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 16 and then sent into the high-temperature gas coil 7. This significantly improves the refrigerant dryness at the gas-liquid separator outlet, protecting the compressor. It also greatly accelerates the temperature rise of the low-temperature refrigerant, improving the self-heating efficiency of the hot gas bypass compressor. Specifically, this is reflected in five aspects: First, the high-temperature gas, after being turbulent by the turbulence structure 6, enters the gas-liquid separator's tank 1, where it mixes thoroughly with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, rapidly increasing the temperature of the low-temperature refrigerant. Second, when the low-pressure refrigerant enters the tank 1, it flows through the high-pressure gas coil 7... The gap between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the inner wall surface allows for heat exchange, absorbing heat from the high-temperature gas. Furthermore, during operation, the liquid refrigerant remains in the lower half of the gas-liquid separator, where the high-temperature gas coil 7 is immersed, radiating heat to heat the liquid refrigerant. Additionally, as the refrigerant evaporates inside the tank 1, the gaseous refrigerant moves upwards, contacting the high-temperature gas coil 7 and enhancing the heating effect. Finally, an aluminum strip 701 is welded between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the second suction pipe 8, allowing heat to be transferred to the low-temperature gas refrigerant inside the second suction pipe 8 via thermal conduction.

[0095] Example 4

[0096] This embodiment provides a pure electric vehicle that includes the thermal management system described in Embodiment 2.

[0097] like Figure 9 As shown, in ultra-low temperature environments, due to the poor heating performance of heat pumps, the thermal management system of this invention is needed to achieve self-heating of the compressor to provide heat to the passenger compartment based on hot gas bypass. The basic principle is as follows: the compressor 12 heats the refrigerant by doing work, establishes a stable pressure difference, and then releases heat from the refrigerant to the passenger compartment. The gas-liquid separator 17 is the place where the high-temperature refrigerant heats the low-temperature refrigerant.

[0098] In this embodiment, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged by the compressor 12 is divided into two parts. One part passes through the indoor condenser 1301 in the air conditioning unit 13 and is blown into the passenger compartment by the blower 1303 to release heat to the passenger compartment. The other part passes through the second electronic expansion valve 16 and enters the gas-liquid separator 17 to heat the low-temperature refrigerant, increase the suction and discharge pressure and temperature of the compressor 12, and establish a stable pressure difference.

[0099] The refrigerant, after passing through the indoor condenser 1301 and releasing heat into the passenger compartment, flows through the first solenoid valve 19 and then through the third electronic expansion valve 18 to enter the indoor evaporator 1302. After releasing the last part of the heat, it enters the gas-liquid separator 17 through the low-pressure inlet 201.

[0100] At this time, the first electronic expansion valve 14 is completely closed, preventing refrigerant from entering the outdoor heat exchanger 15 and releasing heat to the outside. Similarly, the one-way valve 20 also prevents refrigerant from flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 15 and releasing heat to the outside.

[0101] In this embodiment, the refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator 17 through the low-pressure inlet 201 after passing through the indoor evaporator 1302, specifically as follows: Figure 11 As shown, after flowing into the low-pressure inlet 201, the liquid refrigerant falls into the diversion groove 302 on the umbrella cover 3, and the diversion groove 302 evenly distributes the refrigerant to the inner wall of the tank 1. The gaseous refrigerant enters the tank 1 and accumulates at the top of the tank 1.

[0102] The high-temperature refrigerant, after being throttled by the second electronic expansion valve 16, flows into the gas-liquid separator 17 through the bypass hot gas inlet 101, specifically as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the high-temperature refrigerant enters the high-temperature gas coil 7 through the bypass hot gas inlet 101. The high-temperature refrigerant flows from bottom to top along the high-temperature gas coil 7 and finally enters the turbulence structure 6, where it is evenly dispersed to various parts of the upper part of the tank 1. It mixes thoroughly with the low-temperature gaseous refrigerant gathered in the upper part of the tank 1, thereby achieving the function of heating the gaseous refrigerant.

[0103] As the liquid refrigerant flows downward along the inner wall of the tank 1, it passes through the gap between the high-temperature gas coil 7 and the inner wall of the tank 1, where heat exchange occurs, thus achieving the function of heating the liquid refrigerant.

[0104] The gaseous refrigerant that accumulates at the top of the tank 1 is discharged from the gas-liquid separator 17 through the low-pressure outlet 202 after passing through the second suction pipe 8 and the first suction pipe 4, and then enters the suction port of the compressor 12.

[0105] The lower part of the second suction pipe 8 has an oil return hole 9, which facilitates the participation of compressor oil in the refrigerant circulation and protects the compressor.

[0106] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of this patent application are included in the scope of this patent application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator based on hot gas bypass, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator is mainly composed of a tank body (1), a tank cover (2), an umbrella cover (3), a first suction pipe (4), a turbulence structure (6), a high-temperature gas coil (7), and a second suction pipe (8). The bottom of the tank body (1) is provided with a bypass hot gas inlet (101), and a high-temperature gas coil (7) is arranged above the bypass hot gas inlet (101). The inlet end of the high-temperature gas coil (7) is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet (101), and the bypass hot gas inlet (101) is located below the tank body (1) to allow high-temperature and high-pressure gas to enter the tank body (1) from bottom to top. The high-temperature gas coil (7) has a spiral structure with the axis of the tank (1) as the central axis. The outer edge of the spiral of the high-temperature gas coil (7) is arranged at intervals with the inner wall of the tank (1). Several aluminum strips (701) are arranged between the high-temperature gas coil (7) and the second suction pipe (8). The two ends of the aluminum strips (701) are fixedly connected to the high-temperature gas coil (7) and the second suction pipe (8) respectively. The outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil (7) is equipped with a turbulence structure (6) and is connected to the inside of the tank (1) through the turbulence structure (6); the turbulence structure (6) is mainly composed of a tubular turbulent, which is either a straight cylinder or a bent tube; the bent tube turbulent is used to store impurities at its end; the outer periphery of the tubular turbulent is provided with a turbulence filter structure. The top of the tank (1) is provided with a tank cover (2), and the tank cover (2) is provided with a low-pressure inlet (201) and a low-pressure outlet (202); an umbrella cover (3) is installed below the tank cover (2), and a first suction pipe (4) is provided through the umbrella cover (3). A second suction pipe (8) is coaxially spaced on the outside of the first suction pipe (4). A suction flow path is formed between the first suction pipe (4) and the second suction pipe (8). The top end of the first suction pipe (4) is connected to the low-pressure outlet (202), the bottom end of the first suction pipe (4) is connected to the second suction pipe (8), and the top end of the second suction pipe (8) is connected to the inside of the tank (1). The outer periphery of the umbrella cover (3) is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tank body (1); a diversion groove (302) is provided on the top surface of the umbrella cover (3), the diversion groove (302) is mainly composed of a circular groove and several strip grooves, the circular groove is arranged directly below the low pressure inlet (201), and several strip grooves are radially distributed around the circular groove, each strip groove extending from the outer edge of the circular groove to the outer edge of the umbrella cover (3); a suction pipe through hole (301) is also provided on the umbrella cover (3), a first suction pipe (4) is installed through the suction pipe through hole (301), and the end of the first suction pipe (4) extends into the low pressure outlet (202) after passing through the suction pipe through hole (301).

2. The high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first suction pipe (4) has a pressure equalization hole (401) at its upper part, and the upper edge of the second suction pipe (8) is located below the pressure equalization hole (401). The bottom end of the first suction pipe (4) is an open end, so that the first suction pipe (4) and the second suction pipe (8) are connected. The bottom of the second suction pipe (8) is provided with a conical end cap. The wide end of the conical end cap is fixedly connected to the second suction pipe (8), and the tip of the conical end cap is connected to the can body (1). The bottom inner wall is spaced apart, and the tip of the conical end cap is provided with an oil return hole (9). The oil return hole (9) is connected to the inside of the second suction pipe (8). The oil return hole (9) is submerged in the oil at the bottom of the tank (1). A filter screen (10) is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the second suction pipe (8). The filter screen (10) is cylindrical and is press-fitted with the second suction pipe (8). The bottom end of the filter screen (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the tank (1).

3. The high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the turbulence filter structure is 100 mesh or 200 mesh.

4. The high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drying pack (5) is arranged on the outside of the second suction tube (8).

5. A vehicle thermal management system, characterized in that: The vehicle thermal management system includes a gas-liquid separator (17), a compressor (12), an air conditioning unit (13), a first electronic expansion valve (14), an outdoor heat exchanger (15), a control valve, a third electronic expansion valve (18), a first solenoid valve (19), and a check valve (20); the gas-liquid separator (17) is a high-efficiency self-heating gas-liquid separator as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the air conditioning unit (13) includes a blower (1303), an indoor condenser (1301), and an indoor evaporator (1302); the exhaust port of the compressor (12) is connected to the inlet of the control valve and the inlet of the indoor condenser (1301), respectively; the outlet of the control valve is connected to the bypass hot gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator (17). The gas-liquid separator (17) is connected to the air inlet of the compressor (12). The outlet of the indoor condenser (1301) is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve (14) and the inlet of the first solenoid valve (19). The outlet of the first electronic expansion valve (14) is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (20) via the outdoor heat exchanger (15). The outlet of the one-way valve (20), the outlet of the first solenoid valve (19), and the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve (18) are connected. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve (18) is connected to the inlet of the indoor evaporator (1302). The outlet of the indoor evaporator (1302) is connected to the low-pressure inlet (201) of the gas-liquid separator (17).

6. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control valve includes a second electronic expansion valve (16); or, the control valve includes a second solenoid valve (21), and the gas-liquid separator (17) further includes a capillary tube arranged between the outlet end of the high-temperature gas coil (7) and the turbulence structure (6).

7. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the control valve is opened, the first solenoid valve (19) is turned on and the first electronic expansion valve (14) is turned off.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: Including the vehicle thermal management system as described in any one of claims 5 to 7.

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