Cable fault monitoring method, system and equipment based on big data

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cable fault data processing, and specifically discloses a cable fault monitoring method, system and equipment based on big data. The method comprises: analyzing historical cable faults, cable fault monitoring and cable fault monitoring early warning. By analyzing historical cable fault data, the historical fault degree of the cable can be identified, and a reference data basis can be provided for subsequent cable fault monitoring, thereby improving the accuracy of cable fault monitoring. The cable fault monitoring data is preprocessed and analyzed to achieve accurate monitoring of cable faults, thereby taking corresponding measures to solve the fault problem, improving the efficiency of cable fault maintenance, and implementing fault early warning for the cable. The fault early warning status of the cable can be monitored in real time, and early warning reminders can be issued in time, thereby reducing the cable fault maintenance response time and improving the overall stability and reliability of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable fault data processing, and in particular to a cable fault monitoring method, system and equipment based on big data. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous expansion of the scale of power systems, power systems have higher and higher requirements for the reliability of cables. However, when a cable fails, if the cable fault monitoring data is not collected comprehensively or there are errors, the fault diagnosis will not be accurate enough, and real-time cable fault monitoring and rapid response to cable faults cannot be achieved, which will reduce the normal operation capacity of the cable and thus reduce the stability of the power system.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN117829002B, which involves the field of cable aging diagnosis technology, announces an aging diagnosis monitoring method and system for power cables. The method includes: constructing an initial degradation model of the target power cable and performing aging test data collection and Laplace transform to obtain the target power cable state data; performing state data analysis and state data enhancement to obtain power cable state enhancement data; performing false negative sample feature recognition and false negative sample filtering to obtain standard power cable state data; performing dynamic simulation and analysis of power cable degradation characteristics to obtain power cable degradation characteristic data; performing power cable remaining life prediction through a power cable remaining life prediction model to obtain power cable remaining life prediction data; performing parameter estimation and verification on the initial degradation model to obtain a target degradation model for the target power cable, thereby improving the aging diagnosis monitoring accuracy of the power cable.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with the announcement number CN117435889B announces a method and system for online fault monitoring and early warning of power cables, which solves the problem that the current detection method requires human participation in operation, which is troublesome, and the fault location of the power cable is not discovered in time. The method includes: if the influence of the cable of the target section exceeds the preset influence, the target section is marked and the specific power cable fault location is sent to the terminal held by the person in charge, and the person in charge is reminded to complete the section revisit within the first preset time; if the influence of the cable of the target section is less than the preset influence, the target section is marked and the specific power cable fault location is sent to the terminal held by the person in charge, and the person in charge is reminded to complete the section revisit within the second preset time, and the first preset time is less than the second preset time. It has the following effects: the efficiency of discovering and handling power cable faults is improved.

[0005] Based on the above solution, it is found that in the current process of processing cable data, most of the collected cable data is directly applied. However, when the cable data collection is not sufficient or the cable data quality is not high, the accuracy of cable data processing will be challenged. If the cable data processing is inaccurate, it will lead to the inability to timely discover potential cable fault hazards, increase the risk of sudden cable failures, and even the power system may not operate normally due to improper cable fault handling. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cable fault monitoring method, system and device based on big data, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, including: analyzing historical cable faults: obtaining historical cable fault data, and analyzing the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators.

[0008] Cable fault monitoring: obtain cable fault monitoring data, preprocess and analyze the cable fault monitoring data, and obtain cable fault monitoring indicators.

[0009] Cable fault monitoring and early warning: Compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy ranges. Finally, the cable fault early warning method is used to implement fault warning for the cable.

[0010] The historical cable fault data specifically includes the historical cable fault length, the resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of the historical faulty cable, the total number of historical cable faults, and the total time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable faults.

[0011] The analysis of historical cable fault data is specifically carried out as follows:

[0012] The historical cable fault length is processed by ratio processing with the total number of historical cable faults to obtain the historical cable single fault length;

[0013] The resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of historical faulty cables are comprehensively analyzed through big data analysis technology to obtain the total reactance of historical faulty cables;

[0014] The total time period for emergency repairs of historical cable faults and the total number of historical cable faults are analyzed using the ratio method in big data analysis technology to obtain the time period for emergency repairs of a single historical cable fault.

[0015] The specific analysis process of the historical cable fault reference index is as follows:

[0016] A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the length of historical cable single faults, the total reactance of historical faulty cables, and the time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable single faults to obtain reference indicators for historical cable faults.

[0017] As a further method, the cable fault monitoring data is preprocessed, and specific preprocessing operations include noise removal, outlier removal, and missing value removal. The cable fault monitoring data after the preprocessing is recorded as cable fault data.

[0018] As a further method, the cable fault monitoring indicator, the specific analysis process is:

[0019] The cable fault monitoring length, the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period, the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring period, and the highest operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the cable fault monitoring index. The specific analysis formula is:

[0020] ;

[0021] In the formula, It is the cable fault monitoring indicator. The cable fault monitoring length is The influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length preset in the cable monitoring database, is the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The reference power preset for the cable monitoring database, Correction factors for cable operating power preset in the cable monitoring database, is the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The reference reactance of the faulty cable preset in the cable monitoring database, Correction factors for cable operating reactance preset for the cable monitoring database, is the maximum operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The cable operating reference temperature preset for the cable monitoring database, Correction factor for cable operating temperature preset for the cable monitoring database.

[0022] As a further method, the cable is provided with a fault warning, and the specific process is as follows:

[0023] The cable fault monitoring indicators are compared with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and matched with the cable fault warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals to obtain the cable fault warning method, and finally the cable fault warning method is used to implement fault warning for the cable.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a system for a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, including: a historical cable fault analysis module for obtaining historical cable fault data, and analyzing the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators.

[0025] The cable fault monitoring module is used to obtain cable fault detection data, pre-process and analyze the cable fault detection data, and obtain cable fault monitoring indicators.

[0026] The cable fault monitoring and early warning module is used to compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals, and finally implement fault early warning for the cable through the cable fault early warning method.

[0027] The third aspect of the present invention provides a device for a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, including: a sensor, a data processor, a memory, and a fault warning device.

[0028] The sensor is used to collect historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data.

[0029] The data processor is used to receive historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data through the Internet of Things, and process them to finally obtain a cable fault early warning method.

[0030] The memory is used to store the cable fault early warning method through the Internet of Things.

[0031] The fault warning device is used to receive the cable fault warning method stored in the memory through the Internet of Things, and finally implement fault warning on the cable through the cable fault warning method.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The present invention helps to identify the historical fault degree of the cable by analyzing the historical cable fault data. By evaluating the historical cable fault reference index, it can provide a reference data basis for subsequent cable fault monitoring, thereby improving the accuracy of cable fault monitoring;

[0034] (2) The present invention realizes accurate monitoring of cable faults by preprocessing and analyzing cable fault monitoring data, so as to take corresponding measures to solve the fault problems, thereby improving the efficiency of cable fault maintenance and reducing the cost of cable fault maintenance;

[0035] (3) The present invention can monitor the fault warning status of the cable in real time by implementing fault warning for the cable, and issue early warning reminders in time, thereby reducing the response time for cable fault repair and improving the overall stability and reliability of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention is further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other accompanying drawings based on the following accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of system module connection of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a simulation curve diagram of cable monitoring length and power involved in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, including: analyzing historical cable faults: obtaining historical cable fault data, and analyzing the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators.

[0043] Cable fault monitoring: obtain cable fault monitoring data, preprocess and analyze the cable fault monitoring data, and obtain cable fault monitoring indicators.

[0044] Cable fault monitoring and early warning: Compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy ranges. Finally, the cable fault early warning method is used to implement fault warning for the cable.

[0045] The historical cable fault data specifically includes the historical cable fault length, the resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of the historical faulty cable, the total number of historical cable faults, and the total time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable faults.

[0046] It needs to be explained that the above-mentioned historical cable fault length can be determined by installing equipment at one end of the cable to receive the traveling wave generated by the fault, and calculating the fault distance through the round-trip time of the traveling wave. The resistance, capacitive reactance and inductive reactance of the historical fault cable can be directly measured by using professional instruments: such as bridges, LCR meters, etc. The total number of historical cable faults and the total time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable faults can be obtained from the cable fault records in the cable fault detection system.

[0047] Specifically, the historical cable fault data is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows:

[0048] The historical cable fault length is ratioed to the total number of historical cable faults to obtain the historical single fault length of the cable.

[0049] The resistance, capacitance and inductance of the historical fault cables are comprehensively analyzed through big data analysis technology to obtain the total reactance of the historical fault cables. The specific analysis formula is:

[0050] ;

[0051] Where Z is the total reactance of the historical fault cable, R is the resistance of the historical fault cable, XL is the inductive reactance of the historical fault cable, and XC is the capacitive reactance of the historical fault cable.

[0052] In this embodiment, the total reactance of the historical faulty cables is obtained through the above analysis of the resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of the historical faulty cables, and the characteristic patterns of the cable faults can be identified. These patterns may be associated with specific fault types (such as broken wires, short circuits, insulation aging, etc.), thereby helping fault monitoring personnel to quickly diagnose the cause of the fault. The total reactance analysis of the historical faulty cables can reveal certain fault trends, such as whether there are design defects or manufacturing problems in a specific type or batch of cables, which helps to prevent future faults and take replacement or maintenance measures in advance.

[0053] It needs to be explained that the above-mentioned analysis of the resistance, capacitive reactance and inductive reactance of historical faulty cables through big data analysis technology can comprehensively analyze the resistance, capacitive reactance and inductive reactance data of historical faulty cables from multiple dimensions, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the analysis of the resistance, capacitive reactance and inductive reactance data of historical faulty cables, and at the same time reveals the inherent laws of cable faults.

[0054] The total time period for emergency repairs of historical cable faults and the total number of historical cable faults are analyzed using the ratio method in big data analysis technology to obtain the time period for emergency repairs of a single historical cable fault.

[0055] It should be explained that the above analysis of the total time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable faults and the total number of historical cable faults is carried out by using the ratio method in big data analysis technology. Big data analysis technology can quickly process and analyze large-scale data sets, including historical fault data and emergency repair records, and can automatically identify and eliminate erroneous data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results.

[0056] Furthermore, the specific analysis process of the historical cable fault reference index is as follows:

[0057] A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the length of a single cable fault in history, the total reactance of the cable fault in history, and the time period for emergency repairs to be completed for a single cable fault in history to obtain a reference index for historical cable faults. The specific analysis formula is:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, It is a historical cable fault reference index. When the length of a historical cable single fault is long, it is difficult to find the specific location of the fault because the fault may be distributed in multiple sections of the cable. When using a voltmeter or a multimeter for voltage testing, a long-distance fault requires measuring a larger area. An increase in the length of the cable fault usually means that more cable conductors are damaged, resulting in an increase in resistance. This increase will affect the current transmission efficiency, thereby affecting the total reactance of the cable, further extending the cable fault repair time. In this embodiment, the longer the single fault length, the higher the severity of the fault may be, resulting in an increase in the fault reference index. If the difference between the total reactance and the reference reactance of the faulty cable is greater, it may indicate that the cable has a potential aging problem, which will increase the risk of fault occurrence, thereby improving the fault reference index. The more the time period for completing the repair of a historical cable single fault deviates from the corresponding reference time period, the more complicated the fault handling is, which may mean that the severity and difficulty of the fault are higher, thereby improving the fault reference index. Therefore, by analyzing the various indicators of the historical cable fault reference index, the trend and periodicity of cable faults can be found, so that preventive measures can be taken before the problem occurs, so as to formulate a more scientific and reasonable monitoring plan and improve the efficiency of fault monitoring.

[0060] The historical single fault length of the cable refers to the physical length involved in a single fault in the cable fault history record;

[0061] The influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the historical cable single fault length preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the influence degree of the change of the historical cable single fault length on the historical cable fault reference index. The fitting curve corresponding to the historical cable single fault length can be obtained by fitting the corresponding relationship between the historical cable fault length, the total number of historical cable faults and the historical cable single fault length. The real-time cable fault length and the total number of cable faults are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the historical cable single fault length, thereby obtaining the influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the historical cable single fault length in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1);

[0062] Z is the total reactance of the historical fault cable, which refers to the current transmission capacity and efficiency of the cable under fault conditions;

[0063] The reference reactance of the faulty cable preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the preset standard reactance value used to determine whether the cable has a fault;

[0064] The correction factor of the total reactance of the historical fault cable preset in the cable monitoring database refers to the influence of the change of the total reactance of the historical fault cable on the historical cable fault reference index. The fitting curve corresponding to the total reactance of the historical fault cable can be obtained by fitting the correspondence between the historical resistance, historical inductive reactance, historical capacitive reactance and the total reactance of the historical fault cable. The real-time resistance, inductive reactance and capacitive reactance are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the total reactance of the historical fault cable, thereby obtaining the correction factor of the total reactance of the historical fault cable in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1);

[0065] The time period for emergency repair of a single cable fault in history refers to the time interval from the occurrence of the cable fault to the completion of the repair and restoration of normal operation;

[0066] The reference time period for completing a single emergency repair of a faulty cable preset in the cable monitoring database refers to an expected time set to evaluate the time required to repair a cable fault and resume normal operation;

[0067] The correction factor corresponding to the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time period preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the degree of influence of the change in the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time period on the historical cable fault reference index. The fitting curve corresponding to the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time can be obtained by fitting the corresponding relationship between the historical total time period of cable fault emergency repair, the historical number of emergency repairs and the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time. The real-time total time period of cable fault emergency repair and the number of emergency repairs are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time, thereby obtaining the correction factor corresponding to the historical cable single fault emergency repair completion time period in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1).

[0068] Specifically, the cable fault monitoring data is preprocessed, and the specific preprocessing operations include noise removal, outlier removal, and missing value removal. The cable fault monitoring data after the preprocessing is recorded as cable fault data.

[0069] It should be explained that the above-mentioned preprocessing of the cable fault monitoring data, in which denoising involves identifying and eliminating random errors or irrelevant fluctuations in the data, may come from a variety of factors in the cable fault monitoring process, such as environmental interference, equipment errors, etc. The purpose of denoising is to improve the quality of the data and make subsequent analysis more accurate. For time series data, moving average, sliding window average and other methods can be used to smooth the data and reduce the impact of short-term fluctuations. Digital filters such as low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters can remove noise according to the frequency characteristics of the signal; outliers refer to those observations that deviate significantly from most data points. These values ​​may be caused by measurement errors, equipment failures, or extreme conditions. Identifying and eliminating outliers in cable fault monitoring data is crucial to avoiding erroneous data analysis conclusions. Standard deviation or interquartile range (IQR) can be used to identify outliers and eliminate them; missing values ​​may be caused by equipment failure, data transmission problems, or monitoring blind spots. The purpose of processing missing values ​​is to avoid introducing bias in the data analysis process. Mean, median, or neighbor-based methods can be used to fill in missing values ​​so that the data processing process will not be biased due to missing information.

[0070] In this embodiment, the value of the influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the above-mentioned historical cable single fault length is set to 0.5, the reference reactance of the faulty cable is 0.005Ω, the correction factor of the total reactance of the historical faulty cable is 0.8, the reference time period for completing the single emergency repair of the faulty cable is 2 hours, and the correction factor corresponding to the time period for completing the emergency repair of the historical cable single fault is 0.5. Thus, a change table of the historical cable fault reference index in this embodiment can be obtained, as shown in Table 1, a table of historical cable fault reference indexes and corresponding parameters:

[0071] Table 1 Historical cable fault reference indicators and corresponding parameter changes:

[0072] ;

[0073] Through the data in the table of historical cable fault reference indicators and corresponding parameter changes in Table 1 above, it is found that with the increase in the length of historical single cable faults, the total reactance of the cable and the corresponding fault repair completion time period both show an upward trend. At the same time, the total reactance of the historical fault cable deviates from the preset reference reactance of the fault cable, and the historical cable single fault repair completion time period deviates from the preset fault cable single repair completion reference time period, which will comprehensively lead to an increase in the value of the historical cable fault reference indicator, indicating that during the historical fault period, the fault degree of this cable has changed significantly through the combined changes of multiple factors.

[0074] Specifically, the cable fault data is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows:

[0075] The cable fault data specifically includes the cable fault monitoring length, the cable monitoring current, monitoring voltage, monitoring resistance, monitoring capacitive impedance, monitoring electrical impedance at each fault monitoring time point, and the cable operating temperature at each fault monitoring time point.

[0076] It should be explained that the fault monitoring time points of the above-mentioned cables are intended to prevent the occurrence of cable faults. Regular monitoring time points may be set, such as cable fault monitoring and evaluation every minute or every hour. The setting of these time points is usually determined by a comprehensive evaluation based on historical cable fault data, cable maintenance budget and other factors.

[0077] It should be explained that the above-mentioned cable fault monitoring length can be directly measured by using a measuring tool (such as a laser rangefinder) to measure the actual length of the cable. The monitoring current and monitoring voltage of the cable at each fault monitoring time point can be obtained by monitoring the current sensor and voltage sensor installed on the cable to obtain the monitoring current and monitoring voltage of the cable at each fault monitoring time point. The monitoring resistance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point can be directly measured by using a professional resistance tester to obtain the monitoring resistance of the cable. The monitoring capacitance reactance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point can be directly measured by using an LCR meter (inductance (L), capacitance (C) and resistance (R) tester) to connect the capacitance of the cable to be tested to the test end of the LCR meter, select the capacitance test mode, set the test frequency and level, and then start the test to directly measure the monitoring capacitance reactance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point. The monitoring resistance reactance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point can be directly read by connecting the cable to an impedance analyzer. The operating temperature of the cable at each fault monitoring time point can be obtained by measuring the temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period using a temperature sensor.

[0078] The monitoring current, monitoring voltage, monitoring resistance, monitoring capacitive impedance and monitoring electrical impedance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point are respectively used with the MAX function to obtain the maximum monitoring current, maximum monitoring voltage, maximum monitoring resistance, maximum monitoring capacitive impedance and maximum monitoring electrical impedance of the cable during the fault monitoring period.

[0079] It should be explained that the above-mentioned fault monitoring cycle can be determined by collecting and analyzing historical cable fault data to discover the patterns and trends of cable fault occurrences so as to determine the length of the cable fault monitoring cycle.

[0080] The maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period is obtained by multiplying the maximum monitoring current of the cable during the fault monitoring period by the maximum monitoring voltage.

[0081] The maximum monitoring resistance, maximum monitoring capacitance reactance and maximum monitoring electrical impedance of the cable during the fault monitoring period are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring period.

[0082] The maximum operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period is obtained by processing the operating temperature of the cable at each fault monitoring time point using the MAX function.

[0083] Furthermore, the cable fault monitoring indicators, the specific analysis process is as follows:

[0084] The cable fault monitoring length, the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period, the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring period, and the highest operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the cable fault monitoring index. The specific analysis formula is:

[0085] ;

[0086] In the formula, As a cable fault monitoring indicator, the longer cable fault monitoring length is affected by many factors in cable fault positioning, such as electromagnetic interference, changes in line parameters, etc., which leads to reduced positioning accuracy and makes it difficult for maintenance to quickly and accurately find the fault point. At the same time, cable fault monitoring of long lines will generate a large amount of monitoring data, which puts forward higher requirements on the storage, processing and analysis of monitoring data, and increases the complexity and challenges of monitoring data processing. When the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period deviates greatly from the reference power preset in the cable monitoring database, this deviation usually means that the actual condition of the cable is significantly different from its design or expected condition. When the cable exceeds its preset power, it will generate more heat, resulting in an increase in cable temperature. Higher operating temperatures will cause aging of the cable insulation material and increase the risk of failure. At the same time, due to the increase in operating temperature, the resistance of the cable will increase, which will affect the transmission efficiency and power loss of the cable. When the cable is at a high operating temperature, it will affect The actual reactance of the cable exceeds the preset reference reactance, which may cause the fault monitoring system to mistakenly judge that the cable is faulty, thereby increasing the false alarm rate. The change in reactance will affect the distribution of current and voltage, and thus affect the accuracy of fault location. If the reactance exceeds the reference reactance range of the faulty cable, it may cause inaccurate positioning of the fault point, increasing the difficulty of maintenance. If multiple faults occur, identifying and locating these fault points will become more complicated. Therefore, by analyzing the data of the cable fault monitoring indicators, anomalies can be detected in the early stage of the fault, thereby achieving early warning. Long-term analysis of the data of the cable fault monitoring indicators helps to identify the degradation trend of cable performance, predict potential fault points, and take measures in advance. At the same time, it can help to formulate a maintenance plan based on the actual fault status of the equipment, rather than the traditional regular maintenance, improve maintenance efficiency, reasonably allocate maintenance resources, give priority to those issues that really need attention, and reduce unnecessary inspections and maintenance.

[0087] The cable fault monitoring length refers to a specific length of cable used to monitor the cable fault status and locate the cable fault;

[0088] The influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length preset in the cable monitoring database refers to the influence degree of the change of the cable fault monitoring length on the cable fault monitoring index. The fitting curve corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length can be obtained by fitting the corresponding relationship between the historical material of the cable, the historical temperature of the environment and the cable fault monitoring length. The material and ambient temperature of the real-time cable are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length, thereby obtaining the influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1);

[0089] The maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, which refers to the maximum electrical power that the cable can withstand under the operating fault state;

[0090] The reference power preset for the cable monitoring database refers to a benchmark value used to evaluate and monitor the power level of the cable under operating fault conditions;

[0091] The correction factor of the cable operating power preset in the cable monitoring database refers to the degree of influence of the change of the cable operating power on the cable fault monitoring index. The fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating power can be obtained by fitting the corresponding relationship between the historical operating current and the historical operating voltage of the cable and the cable operating power. The real-time cable operating current and operating voltage are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating power, thereby obtaining the correction factor of the cable operating power in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1);

[0092] The maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, which refers to the maximum reactance value that the cable can withstand under the operating fault state;

[0093] The reference reactance of the faulty cable preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the standard value of the reactance value exhibited by the faulty cable;

[0094] The correction factor of the cable operating reactance preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the degree of influence of the change of the cable operating reactance on the cable fault monitoring index. The fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating reactance can be obtained by fitting the corresponding relationship between the cable historical resistance, historical capacitive reactance and historical electrical impedance and the cable operating reactance. The real-time cable resistance, capacitive reactance and electrical impedance are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating reactance, thereby obtaining the correction factor of the cable operating reactance in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1);

[0095] The maximum operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period, which refers to the maximum temperature that the cable can reach under the operating fault state;

[0096] The cable operating reference temperature preset for the cable monitoring database refers to the standard temperature value that the cable can withstand or should maintain under operating fault conditions;

[0097] The correction factor of the cable operating temperature preset in the cable monitoring database refers to the degree of influence of the change of the cable operating temperature on the cable fault monitoring index. The fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating temperature can be fitted through the correspondence between the historical operating time, the historical operating power and the cable operating temperature. The real-time cable operating time and operating power are brought into the fitting curve corresponding to the cable operating temperature, thereby obtaining the correction factor of the cable operating temperature in this embodiment, and the value range is (0, 1).

[0098] In this embodiment, the influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length is set to 0.5, the preset reference power is 550W, the preset correction factor of the cable operating power is 0.8, the reference reactance of the faulty cable is 0.005Ω, the correction factor of the cable operating reactance is 0.7, the cable operating reference temperature is 60°C, and the correction factor of the cable operating temperature is 0.6. Thus, a change table of the cable fault monitoring index in this embodiment can be obtained, as shown in Table 2, a change table of the cable fault monitoring index and the corresponding parameters:

[0099] Table 2 Cable fault monitoring indicators and corresponding parameter changes:

[0100] ;

[0101] By observing the data relationship in the cable fault monitoring indicators in Table 2 and the corresponding parameter change table, it is found that as the cable fault is continuously monitored, the value of the cable fault monitoring indicator is jointly affected by the cable fault monitoring length, the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period, the maximum monitoring reactance, and the maximum operating temperature. Among them, the increase in the cable fault monitoring length, the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period, the maximum monitoring reactance, and the maximum operating temperature will lead to an increase in the cable fault monitoring indicator, which shows that these parameters are risk factors, that is, their increase indicates a higher risk of failure.

[0102] In this embodiment, as the cable fault monitoring length changes, the power of the cable in the operation cycle will also change accordingly, thereby constructing a simulation curve corresponding to the relationship between the cable monitoring length and the power, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The simulation curve of cable monitoring length and power is shown in the figure. Figure 4 The horizontal axis is the cable monitoring length in meters, and the vertical axis is the power in watts.

[0103] By observation Figure 4The simulation curve of cable monitoring length and power found that the cable length detected by the fault gradually increased, which means that the damage or degradation of the cable is gradually expanding. Although the fault length increased, the power of the cable only increased slightly during the operating cycle, which shows that the cable can still carry current relatively well. At the same time, the gradual increase in power means that the overall energy efficiency of the system is reduced.

[0104] Specifically, the cable fault warning is implemented, and the specific process is as follows:

[0105] The cable fault monitoring indicators are compared with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and matched with the cable fault warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals to obtain the cable fault warning method, and finally the cable fault warning method is used to implement fault warning for the cable.

[0106] It should be explained that the minimum value set for the above-mentioned cable fault monitoring index in this embodiment is 0, that is, the cable has no faults during the monitoring process; at the same time, the minimum value set for the historical cable fault reference index in this example is greater than 0, that is, the cable fault degree is the smallest in the historical monitoring records.

[0107] In this embodiment, the cable fault monitoring accuracy is obtained by comparing the cable fault monitoring index with the historical cable fault reference index. The specific comparison formula is:

[0108] ;

[0109] In the formula, For the cable fault monitoring accuracy, It is the cable fault monitoring indicator. It is a reference indicator for historical cable failures.

[0110] It should be explained that the obtained cable fault monitoring accuracy is matched with the cable fault early warning method corresponding to each preset cable fault monitoring accuracy interval. The specific matching process is:

[0111] The cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals are divided into (0, 0.5], (0.5, 0.8], and greater than 0.8, which correspond to three cable fault warning methods, namely, a low-accuracy cable fault warning method, a medium-accuracy cable fault warning method, and a high-accuracy cable fault warning method.

[0112] In the above, the cable fault warning method is used to implement the cable fault warning, and the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0113] When the cable fault monitoring accuracy is in the range of (0, 0.5], the corresponding cable fault warning method is a low-accuracy cable fault warning method. This method mainly requires a combination of real-time detection of the cable and regular maintenance to implement fault warning for the cable; when the cable fault monitoring accuracy is in the range of (0.5, 0.8], the corresponding cable fault warning method is a medium-accuracy cable fault warning method, indicating that the fault monitoring system can identify potential problems with a medium degree of accuracy. At this stage, more complex and active monitoring technologies and data analysis methods can be used, such as using infrared thermal imaging technology to regularly scan cables to monitor overheated areas and deploying partial discharge sensors. This technology can Helps detect corona discharge or partial discharge activity in cables, which are often signs before failure, which may indicate potential fault points to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault warning; when the cable fault monitoring accuracy is greater than 0.8, it indicates that the fault monitoring system is already very mature and reliable. At this stage, advanced technologies and methods can be used to further improve the accuracy of early warning. For example, deploy advanced online monitoring systems, such as distributed temperature sensing systems (DTS), to monitor the temperature distribution of cables in real time and detect abnormal hot spots in time. Use acoustic wave monitoring technology to detect partial discharge activity in cables. These technologies can accurately locate the location of the fault to ensure the stable operation of the cable system.

[0114] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a system for a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, including: a historical cable fault analysis module, a cable fault monitoring module, and a cable fault monitoring and early warning module.

[0115] The second aspect of the present invention provides a system for a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, which also includes a cable monitoring database for storing a preset historical cable single fault length corresponding to a unit value influencing factor, a preset reference reactance of the fault cable, a preset correction factor of the total reactance of the fault cable, a preset reference time period for completing a single emergency repair of the fault cable, a preset correction factor corresponding to the time period for completing a single emergency repair of the fault cable, an influence factor of a preset unit value corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring length, a preset reference power, a preset correction factor of the cable operating power, a database preset reference reactance of the fault cable, a preset reference reactance of the fault cable, a preset correction factor of the cable operating reactance, a preset cable operating reference temperature, a preset correction factor of the cable operating temperature, and a preset cable fault early warning method corresponding to each preset cable fault monitoring accuracy interval.

[0116] The historical cable fault module is connected to the cable operation monitoring module, the cable operation monitoring module is connected to the cable fault monitoring and early warning module, and the historical cable fault module, the cable operation monitoring module, and the cable fault monitoring and early warning module are all connected to the cable monitoring database.

[0117] The module for analyzing historical cable faults is used to obtain historical cable fault data and analyze the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators.

[0118] The cable fault monitoring module is used to obtain cable fault detection data, pre-process and analyze the cable fault detection data, and obtain cable fault monitoring indicators.

[0119] The cable fault monitoring and early warning module is used to compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals, and finally implement fault early warning for the cable through the cable fault early warning method.

[0120] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the third aspect of the present invention provides a device for a cable fault monitoring method based on big data, characterized in that it includes a sensor, a data processor, a memory, and a fault warning device.

[0121] The sensor is used to collect historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data.

[0122] The data processor is used to receive historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data through the Internet of Things, and process them to finally obtain a cable fault early warning method.

[0123] The memory is used to store the cable fault early warning method through the Internet of Things.

[0124] The fault warning device is used to receive the cable fault warning method stored in the memory through the Internet of Things, and finally implement fault warning on the cable through the cable fault warning method.

[0125] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable fault monitoring method based on big data, characterized in that: include: Analyze historical cable faults: Obtain historical cable fault data and analyze the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators; Cable fault monitoring: obtain cable fault monitoring data, pre-process and analyze the cable fault monitoring data, and obtain cable fault monitoring indicators; Cable fault monitoring and early warning: compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals. Finally, the cable fault early warning method is used to implement fault early warning for the cable. The historical cable fault data specifically includes the historical cable fault length, the resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of the historical faulty cable, the total number of historical cable faults, and the total time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable faults; The specific analysis process of analyzing the historical cable fault data is as follows: The historical cable fault length is processed by ratio processing with the total number of historical cable faults to obtain the historical cable single fault length; The resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance of historical faulty cables are comprehensively analyzed through big data analysis technology to obtain the total reactance of historical faulty cables; The total time period for emergency repair of historical cable faults and the total number of historical cable faults are analyzed by the ratio method in big data analysis technology to obtain the time period for emergency repair of a single historical cable fault; The specific analysis process of the historical cable fault reference index is as follows: A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the length of a single cable fault in history, the total reactance of the cable fault in history, and the time period for emergency repairs to be completed for a single cable fault in history. The specific analysis formula is: In the formula, It is a reference indicator for historical cable failures. is the length of a single fault in the historical cable, The influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the historical cable single fault length preset in the cable monitoring database, Z is the total reactance of the historical fault cable, The reference reactance of the faulty cable preset in the cable monitoring database, Correction factor for the total reactance of historical fault cables preset in the cable monitoring database, The time period for emergency repairs of historical cable single faults. The reference time period for completing a single emergency repair of a faulty cable preset in the cable monitoring database. The correction factor corresponding to the time period for completing emergency repairs of historical cable single faults preset in the cable monitoring database; The cable fault monitoring indicator, the specific analysis process is as follows: The cable fault monitoring length, the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period, the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring period, and the highest operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the cable fault monitoring index. The specific analysis formula is: In the formula, It is the cable fault monitoring indicator. The cable fault monitoring length is The influence factor of the unit value corresponding to the cable fault monitoring length preset in the cable monitoring database, is the maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The reference power preset for the cable monitoring database, Correction factors for cable operating power preset in the cable monitoring database, is the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The reference reactance of the faulty cable preset in the cable monitoring database, Correction factors for cable operating reactance preset for the cable monitoring database, is the maximum operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring cycle, The cable operating reference temperature preset for the cable monitoring database, Correction factor for cable operating temperature preset for the cable monitoring database.

2. The cable fault monitoring method based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cable fault monitoring data is preprocessed, and specific preprocessing operations include noise removal, outlier removal, and missing value removal. The cable fault monitoring data after the preprocessing is recorded as cable fault data.

3. The cable fault monitoring method based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific data acquisition process of the cable fault monitoring indicator is as follows: The cable fault data specifically includes the cable fault monitoring length, the cable monitoring current, monitoring voltage, monitoring resistance, monitoring capacitive impedance, monitoring electrical impedance at each fault monitoring time point, and the cable operating temperature at each fault monitoring time point; The monitoring current, monitoring voltage, monitoring resistance, monitoring capacitance impedance, and monitoring electrical impedance of the cable at each fault monitoring time point are respectively calculated using the MAX function to obtain the maximum monitoring current, maximum monitoring voltage, maximum monitoring resistance, maximum monitoring capacitance impedance, and maximum monitoring electrical impedance of the cable during the fault monitoring period; The maximum monitoring power of the cable during the fault monitoring period is obtained by multiplying the maximum monitoring current of the cable during the fault monitoring period by the maximum monitoring voltage; Comprehensively analyze the maximum monitoring resistance, maximum monitoring capacitance reactance and maximum monitoring electrical impedance of the cable during the fault monitoring period to obtain the maximum monitoring reactance of the cable during the fault monitoring period; The maximum operating temperature of the cable during the fault monitoring period is obtained by processing the operating temperature of the cable at each fault monitoring time point using the MAX function.

4. The cable fault monitoring method based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of implementing fault warning for cables is as follows: The cable fault monitoring indicators are compared with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and matched with the cable fault warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals to obtain the cable fault warning method, and finally the cable fault warning method is used to implement fault warning for the cable.

5. A system using the cable fault monitoring method based on big data as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: The module for analyzing historical cable faults is used to obtain historical cable fault data and analyze the historical cable fault data through big data analysis technology to obtain historical cable fault reference indicators; The cable fault monitoring module is used to obtain the cable fault detection data, pre-process and analyze the cable fault detection data, and obtain the cable fault monitoring index; The cable fault monitoring and early warning module is used to compare the cable fault monitoring indicators with the historical cable fault reference indicators to obtain the cable fault monitoring accuracy, and match them with the cable fault early warning methods corresponding to the preset cable fault monitoring accuracy intervals, and finally implement fault early warning for the cable through the cable fault early warning method.

6. A device for applying the cable fault monitoring method based on big data as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Includes sensors, data processors, storage, and fault warning equipment; The sensor is used to collect historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data; The data processor is used to receive historical cable fault data and cable fault monitoring data through the Internet of Things, and process them to finally obtain a cable fault early warning method; The memory is used to store the cable fault early warning method through the Internet of Things; The fault warning device is used to receive the cable fault warning method stored in the memory through the Internet of Things, and finally implement fault warning on the cable through the cable fault warning method.

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