A multi-fragment combined blockchain, construction method, system, device and medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of blockchains, and provides a multi-fragment combined blockchain, a construction method, a system, a device and a medium. The multi-fragment combined blockchain comprises N sequentially connected block fragments. The block fragment comprises a plurality of sequentially connected blocks for storing data. The first block in the block fragment is a fragment genesis block, and the last block is a fragment tail block. The data hash value dataHash of the fragment genesis block of the Nth block fragment is stored in the fragment tail block of the (N-1)th block fragment, and the data hash value dataHash of the fragment genesis block of the (N-1)th block fragment is stored in the fragment tail block of the (N-2)th block fragment. When a read-write operation of data is performed by using the multi-fragment combined blockchain, a program is executed from the genesis block of any block fragment. The present disclosure can improve the read-write operation efficiency of data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of blockchains, and particularly relates to a multi-fragment combined blockchain, a construction method, a system, a device and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional alliance chain technology, the blockchain is a single chain, and the subsequent organizations are dependent on the genesis block, and the data synchronization also starts from the genesis block.

[0003] The blockchain program runs on the single chain as a single cluster, and when the data grows abnormally large over time, the blockchain program still needs to carry these data and provide services, but there is a limit to the carrying capacity of the algorithm.

[0004] When the data volume is extremely large, the entry of new organizations needs to synchronize the previous massive data, even if these data have already expired and become garbage data, even after decades, they still cannot be elegantly removed from the chain, making the blockchain lack flexibility in the face of complex business situations in actual applications, and causing the processing of truly valuable data to be affected, reducing the utilization efficiency of resources. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a multi-fragment combined blockchain, a construction method, a system, a device and a medium, which adopts a new blockchain architecture and can improve the read-write operation efficiency of data.

[0006] A multi-fragment combined blockchain for performing read-write operations of data, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] N sequentially connected block fragments;

[0008] The block fragment comprises a plurality of sequentially connected blocks for storing data; wherein:

[0009] The first block in the block fragment is a fragment genesis block, and the last block is a fragment tail block; the data hash dataHash of the fragment genesis block of the Nth block fragment is stored in the fragment tail block of the N-1th block fragment, and the data hash dataHash of the fragment genesis block of the N-1th block fragment is stored in the fragment tail block of the N-2th block fragment.

[0010] When the multi-fragment combined blockchain is used to perform read-write operations of data, the program is executed from any block fragment genesis block.

[0011] Further,

[0012] The block header header of the fragment tail block stores the following data:

[0013] the block hash value preHash of the previous block, the data hash value dataHash of the segment tail block itself, the data hash value nextDataHash of the next segment genesis block, and the block number Number.

[0014] Further,

[0015] When a certain block segment is physically moved elsewhere, the legitimacy of the segment genesis block of the next block segment is identified by the nextDataHash value of the segment tail block;

[0016] If the dataHash of the segment genesis block of the next block segment S is equal to the nextDataHash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, and the preHash of the segment genesis block of the segment S is equal to the block hash value Hash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, it means that the segment S is legitimate.

[0017] Further,

[0018] When the data of the read-write operation is short-term data, run a block segment,

[0019] When the data of the read-write operation is long-term data, run multiple block segments at the same time.

[0020] Further,

[0021] If the leftmost block segment of the multi-segment combined block chain is outdated or loses value, it is directly destroyed.

[0022] A construction method of a multi-segment combined block chain, characterized in that it comprises:

[0023] Creating a storage space for storing block chain data;

[0024] Generating a segment genesis block, adding consensus nodes and accounting nodes to the ledger in the segment genesis block, and recording the segment genesis block to the corresponding directory of the storage space;

[0025] Creating an intermediate block;

[0026] Suspend the normal block writing logic, obtain the blockchain configuration data; create the i-th block segment tail block and the i+1-th block segment genesis block structure; calculate the data hash value dataHash of the i-th block segment tail block itself and the dataHash of the i+1-th block segment genesis block; generate the block header header of the i-th block segment tail block, and record the dataHash of the i+1-th block segment genesis block in the nextDataHash field under the header of the i-th block segment tail block; calculate the hash value of the block header header according to the block header header of the segment tail block, that is, the blockhash; generate the block header header of the i+1-th block segment tail block, and record the blockHash value of the i-th block segment tail block in the preHash field; save the i-th block segment tail block and the i+1-th block segment genesis block to the respective segment storage directory, and restore the normal block writing logic to obtain the block segment;

[0027] A plurality of block segments are sequentially connected to constitute a multi-segment combined block chain.

[0028] Further,

[0029] The storage space for storing the blockchain data is created, and the method comprises the steps of:

[0030] The storage directory of the block chain segment is created;

[0031] The storage file of the block in the storage directory of the block chain segment is created.

[0032] A segment combined block chain construction system, characterized by comprising:

[0033] The storage space creation module is configured to create a storage space for storing blockchain data;

[0034] The segment genesis block generation module is configured to generate a segment genesis block, add consensus nodes and accounting nodes to the ledger in the segment genesis block, and record the segment genesis block under the corresponding directory of the storage space;

[0035] The intermediate block generation module is configured to create an intermediate block;

[0036] The segment tail block generation module is configured to suspend the normal block writing logic, acquire block chain configuration data, create an i-th block segment tail block and an i+1-th block segment genesis block structure, calculate a data hash value dataHash of the i-th block segment tail block and a dataHash of the i+1-th block segment genesis block, generate a block header header of the i-th block segment tail block, record the dataHash of the i+1-th block segment genesis block in a nextDataHash field under the header of the i-th block segment tail block, calculate a hash value of the block header header according to the block header header of the segment tail block, that is, a blockHash, generate a block header header of an i+1-th block segment tail block, record the blockHash value of the i-th block segment tail block in a preHash field, save the i-th block segment tail block and the i+1-th block segment genesis block to respective segment storage directories, and restore the normal block writing logic to obtain a block segment.

[0037] The plurality of block segments are sequentially connected to form a multi-segment combined block chain.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0039] In the traditional block chain working mode, the program must start working from the genesis block, and the subsequent organization entry must be based on the genesis block. The account book is loaded and extended backward from the genesis block, and the calculation amount of storage and verification and the generation of the world state database is too large.

[0040] In the present application:

[0041] When a new block chain organization joins, the program can start from any segment genesis block, and does not have to start from the initial genesis block. This greatly reduces the data amount of the new organization synchronization, especially when the new organization joins, the segment genesis block close to the current time can be selected to start synchronization, avoiding synchronization of a large amount of historical data that may have expired, improving the efficiency of the new organization joining, and saving storage resources.

[0042] And each block segment is relatively independent, and the new organization can select a specific segment for data synchronization according to its own needs and business association, instead of blindly synchronizing all data on the entire chain, enhancing the flexibility of data synchronization.

[0043] Each segment in the present application can be independently run, and the distribution of load is realized through the segment. The access of each segment is independently provided by the respective cluster service, which can meet the online service demand of massive account data.

[0044] Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present disclosure. The objectives and other advantages of the present disclosure will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the description and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 The principle diagram of resisting branch attack of the present application is shown;

[0047] Figure 2 The network structure diagram of the segmented blockchain of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 1 The method schematic diagram according to the present application is shown, and the specific execution details of the present application include:

[0050] The present application provides a brand-new blockchain organization method, which supports segment genesis block and segment tail block, so that the blockchain can be split into multiple segments and run based on the segments. The manageability of the blockchain is greatly improved, and the support of super-large-scale account books is possible.

[0051] The technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0052] In the present application, the definition of "block segment" is provided, and the segment starts with "segment genesis block" and ends with "segment tail block".

[0053] Blockchain Segment

[0054] Segment Genesis Block

[0055] Segment Tail Block

[0056] The Segment Tail Block and its adjacent Segment Genesis Block are generated and recorded at the same time.

[0057] The dataHash value of the adjacent Segment Genesis Block is recorded in the Segment Tail Block through nextDataHash.

[0058] In this way, when the segment is physically moved to another place, the legality of the Segment Genesis Block of the next segment can be identified through the nextDataHash value, and when a branch attack occurs, the effective integrity of the ledger can still be maintained.

[0059] According to the above setting, the application provides a multi-segment combined blockchain, which comprises:

[0060] N sequentially connected block segments, the block segments comprising a plurality of sequentially connected blocks for storing data, wherein the first block is a segment genesis block and the last block is a segment tail block.

[0061] Among them:

[0062] The first block in the block segment is the segment genesis block, and the last block is the segment tail block; the dataHash value of the segment genesis block of the Nth block segment is stored in the segment tail block of the N-1th block segment, and the dataHash value of the segment genesis block of the N-1th block segment is stored in the segment tail block of the N-2th block segment.

[0063] When the multi-segment combined blockchain is used for data read-write operation, the program is executed from any block segment genesis block.

[0064] When the block segment is physically moved to another place, the legality of the Segment Genesis Block of the next segment can be identified through the value of nextDataHash (to ensure that the effective integrity of the ledger can still be maintained when a branch attack occurs). If the dataHash of the segment genesis block of the next block segment S is equal to the nextDataHash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, and the preHash of the segment genesis block of the segment S is equal to the block hash Hash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, it means that the segment S is legal.

[0065] The plurality of sequentially connected block segments constitute a block chain network, and the actual number of block segments supported by the block chain network depends on the actual storage of blocks, which can be one segment or a plurality of continuous segments.

[0066] When the data volume is small, it can run a single blockchain network like a traditional engine. When the data is large, it can be physically split into multiple segments based on pre-arranged or strategic segment tail blocks and segment genesis blocks, transfer the past data to deploy a new blockchain network, and regenerate the world state database corresponding to the segment to share the pressure and provide services.

[0067] Based on these characteristics, it is convenient and reliable to destroy the segment that has been discarded and has no value. Because the blockchain can still run normally based on the segment genesis block on the remaining segment.

[0068] The blockchain of the present application can run on the last segment or on the past segment. When the blockchain program runs on the past segment, it only works in read-only mode due to the existence of the segment tail frame, avoiding the possibility of generating dirty data.

[0069] The following is the running mode supported by the blockchain of the present application:

[0070] (1) Single running state:

[0071] It refers to the entire chain having only one blockchain cluster instance running. It runs on the entire chain or the last segment interval.

[0072] For short-term data, single running state can be used to regularly establish segments and remove or delete expired data.

[0073] (2) Superimposed running state:

[0074] It refers to the entire chain being divided into intervals by segments, each interval having a blockchain instance running in its own isolated space. Each segment has its world state database, and the complete world state database is eventually superimposed.

[0075] For long-term data, superimposed running state can be used to regularly establish segments, split the blockchain, and run multiple parallel blockchain environments in parallel. Based on the segment, a global world state database is constructed.

[0076] The following is a specific example of the present application:

[0077] (1) Block storage design:

[0078] The blockchain segment is stored according to the directory, and the directory naming specification is: segment_{number}

[0079] For example: segment_000000 / , segment_000001 / , segment_000002 / ...

[0080] (2) Storage of block set (blockset):

[0081] A 64M file is usually used to store multiple blocks in the blockchain, which is called blockset. Here, the blockset_ {number} method is used for naming, and number uses global numbering, with the following specifications:

[0082] For example, in the segment_000000 directory:

[0083] blockset_000000, blockset_000001, blockset_000002

[0084] In the segment_000001 directory:

[0085] blockset_000003, blockset_000004, blockset_000005, blockset_000006...

[0086] (3) Establishment of the ledger: (Compared with the conventional blockchain engine, the main difference is the introduction of the segment storage directory)

[0087] Generate segment genesis block;

[0088] Consensus nodes create and join the ledger, and the segment genesis block is recorded in blockset_000000 under the segment_000000 directory.

[0089] Accounting nodes join the ledger, and the segment genesis block is recorded in blockset_000000 under the segment_000000 directory.

[0090] Wait for transactions to occur.

[0091] (4) Establishment of block segments:

[0092] Assume that the current i-1 block needs to be segmented, i.e., create the i block segment tail block and the i+1 block segment genesis block.

[0093] Pause the regular block writing logic;

[0094] Get the current blockchain configuration data;

[0095] Open the i block, i.e., the segment tail block, generate the i block content, and record the block type as the segment tail block as data.

[0096] Open the i+1 block, i.e., the segment genesis block, and write the content in step 2 as data.

[0097] Calculate the ith block datahash;

[0098] Calculate the ith+1 block datahash;

[0099] Generate the ith block header, which contains preHash, dataHash, nextDataHash, Number (Number is the block number, the same below);

[0100] Assign the nextDataHash under the header of the ith block to the datahash of step 6.

[0101] Persist the ith block to the blockset file of the current carrying block.

[0102] Calculate the hash value according to the ith block header, which is the preHash of the ith+1 block

[0103] Generate the header of the ith+1 block, which contains preHash dataHash Number;

[0104] Open a new segment storage directory and switch the save directory;

[0105] In the new save directory, open the blockset file, and the serial number is 1 more than that of the blockset in step 9;

[0106] Persist the ith+1 block to the blockset file in step 13;

[0107] Restore the normal block writing logic.

[0108] (5) Organization-based block segment organization joining:

[0109] The current segment must be the last closed segment;

[0110] Initiate organization to obtain the latest configuration of the segment and update the configuration of joining the new organization;

[0111] Existing organizations endorse configuration changes;

[0112] Persist the new configuration block;

[0113] Apply organization to obtain the segment genesis block;

[0114] Apply organization to join the ledger;

[0115] Apply organization node to synchronize data from the segment genesis block;

[0116] Apply organization node to generate world state data while synchronizing blocks;

[0117] The application organization data synchronization is completed.

[0118] The following is the effect of the application:

[0119] 1. In the blockchain mode of the application, the program starts working from the segment genesis block, and the subsequent new organization works based on this segment genesis block. Therefore, the ledger based on the application technology can work in segments. Therefore, the old segment can be physically removed without affecting the existing ledger work.

[0120] 2. Solving the problem of computing power carrying limit caused by large amount of data

[0121] The traditional alliance chain single chain will face the computing power carrying limit with the growth of data. The application splits the blockchain into multiple sequentially connected block segments, each segment containing multiple blocks for storing data. In this way, data can be stored in different segments, avoiding the concentration of all data in a single chain, thereby reducing the storage and computing pressure of a single node.

[0122] When the amount of data is large, specific block segments can be optimized and managed, such as cleaning or migrating expired data, without affecting the operation of the entire blockchain. This makes the blockchain more flexible in adjusting and allocating resources when facing data growth, improves the utilization efficiency of computing power, and avoids the problem of computing power carrying limit caused by excessive data.

[0123] 3. Solving the problem of garbage data that cannot be removed and low resource utilization efficiency

[0124] In the traditional alliance chain, even if the data becomes garbage data after expiration, it is difficult to remove from the chain, affecting the processing of valuable data and the efficiency of resource utilization. Multi-segment combined blockchain:

[0125] Since each block segment is relatively independent, it can be managed for specific block segments. For segments containing a large amount of expired data, new segments can be established regularly, and expired data can be removed or deleted, achieving effective cleaning of garbage data.

[0126] This way makes the blockchain more focused on processing truly valuable data, improving the efficiency of resource utilization and enhancing the ability of the blockchain to handle complex business situations in practical applications. At the same time, it provides protection for the sustainable development of the blockchain, avoiding performance degradation and resource waste caused by the accumulation of garbage data.

[0127] Based on the method of the application, the disclosure embodiment also provides a system corresponding to the above-mentioned method, which comprises:

[0128] A storage space creation module for creating a storage space for storing blockchain data;

[0129] The segment genesis block generation module is configured to generate a segment genesis block, and after adding the consensus node and the ledger node into the segment genesis block, record the segment genesis block under a corresponding directory of a storage space.

[0130] The intermediate block generation module is configured to create an intermediate block.

[0131] The segment tail block generation module is configured to suspend a regular block writing logic, acquire blockchain configuration data, create an i-th segment tail block and an i+1-th segment genesis block structure, calculate a data hash value dataHash of the i-th segment tail block and a dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block, generate a block header header of the i-th segment tail block, record the dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block in a nextDataHash field under the header of the i-th segment tail block, calculate a hash value of the block header header according to the block header header of the segment tail block, that is, a blockhash, generate a block header header of an i+1-th segment tail block, record a blockHash value of the i-th segment tail block in a preHash field, save the i-th segment tail block and the i+1-th segment genesis block to respective segment storage directories, and restore the regular block writing logic to obtain a block segment.

[0132] The plurality of block segments are sequentially connected to constitute a multi-segment combined block chain.

[0133] Based on the same inventive concept as disclosed above, the disclosure embodiments further provide a device corresponding to the above method, which comprises at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above method.

[0134] It should be noted that the electrical connection between the above-mentioned various units does not necessarily mean the connection between the lines, and the indirect connection mode can also be applicable to the disclosure embodiments as long as the purpose of the disclosure is achieved.

[0135] Based on the same inventive concept, the disclosure further provides a computer storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, and the instructions are executed by a processor to enable the processor to perform the above method.

[0136] Although the present disclosure is explained in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A data read-write method based on a multi-segment combined blockchain, characterized in that, The multi-segment combined blockchain comprises: N sequentially connected block segments; The block segment comprises a plurality of sequentially connected blocks for storing data; wherein: The first block in the block segment is a segment genesis block, and the last block is a segment tail block; the data hash value dataHash of the segment genesis block of the Nth block segment is stored in the segment tail block of the N-1th block segment, and the data hash value dataHash of the segment genesis block of the N-1th block segment is stored in the segment tail block of the N-2th block segment; The block header header of the segment tail block stores the following data: The block hash value preHash of the previous block, the data hash value dataHash of the segment tail block itself, the data hash value nextDataHash of the next segment genesis block, and the block number Number; When performing a read-write operation on data using the multi-segment combined blockchain, the program is executed from any block segment genesis block; When a certain block segment is physically moved to another place, the legitimacy of the segment genesis block of the next block segment is identified by the nextDataHash value of the segment tail block; If the dataHash of the segment genesis block of the next block segment S is equal to the nextDataHash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, and the preHash of the segment genesis block of the segment S is equal to the block hash value Hash of the segment tail block of the moved block segment, it is indicated that the segment S is legitimate; When the blockchain program runs on a non-latest past block segment, the past block segment only works in read-only mode.

2. The data read / write method of claim 1, wherein, When the data of the read-write operation is short-term data, a block segment is run, When the data of the read-write operation is long-term data, multiple block segments are run simultaneously.

3. The data read / write method of claim 1, wherein, If the leftmost block segment of the multi-segment combined blockchain is outdated or loses value, it is directly destroyed.

4. A method for constructing a multi-fragment combined blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises: Creating a storage space for storing blockchain data; Generating a segment genesis block, adding consensus nodes and accounting nodes to the ledger in the segment genesis block, and recording the segment genesis block under the corresponding directory of the storage space; Creating an intermediate block; Pausing the regular block writing logic, obtaining the blockchain configuration data, creating the i-th segment tail block and the i+1-th segment genesis block structure, calculating the data hash value dataHash of the i-th segment tail block and the dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block, generating the block header header of the i-th segment tail block, recording the dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block in the nextDataHash field of the header of the i-th segment tail block, calculating the hash value of the block header header according to the block header header of the segment tail block, i.e. blockhash, generating the block header header of the i+1-th segment tail block, recording the blockHash value of the i-th segment tail block in the preHash field, saving the i-th segment tail block and the i+1-th segment genesis block to the respective segment storage directory, and restoring the regular block writing logic to obtain the block segment; A plurality of block segments are sequentially connected to form a multi-segment combined blockchain. 5.The method of claim 4, wherein, The method comprises: Creating a storage space for storing blockchain data; comprising: Creating a storage directory of a blockchain segment; 6. A multi-segment combined blockchain construction system for implementing the construction method of claim 4, characterized by, Creating a storage file of a block in the storage directory of the blockchain segment. Comprising: A storage space creation module for creating a storage space for storing blockchain data; A segment genesis block generation module for generating a segment genesis block, adding consensus nodes and accounting nodes to the ledger in the segment genesis block, and recording the segment genesis block under the corresponding directory of the storage space; An intermediate block generation module for creating an intermediate block; A segment tail block generation module for pausing the regular block writing logic, obtaining blockchain configuration data, creating an i-th segment tail block and an i+1-th segment genesis block structure, calculating the data hash value dataHash of the i-th segment tail block and the dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block, generating the block header header of the i-th segment tail block, recording the dataHash of the i+1-th segment genesis block in the nextDataHash field under the header of the i-th segment tail block, calculating the hash value of the block header header according to the block header header of the segment tail block, i.e. blockhash, generating the block header header of the i+1-th segment tail block, recording the blockHash value of the i-th segment tail block in the preHash field, saving the i-th segment tail block and the i+1-th segment genesis block to the respective segment storage directory, and restoring the regular block writing logic to obtain a block segment; 7. A multi-fragmental combined blockchain construction device, comprising: A plurality of block segments are sequentially connected to form a multi-segment combined blockchain. At least one processor; And a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for constructing the multi-segment combined blockchain according to any one of claims 4 to 5. 8.A computer storage medium having stored executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 4 to 5.

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