Modular wave energy generating floating breakwater unit and breakwater

Abstract

The application discloses a modular wave power generation floating breakwater unit and breakwater, which comprises a wave absorber, a semi-submersible box body for supporting the wave absorber and an anchor embedded in a seabed, the wave absorber is installed on the semi-submersible box body, and the lower end of the semi-submersible box body is connected with the anchor through a chain cable; a mechanical transmission module and a power transformation module are arranged in the wave absorber, the wave absorber is connected with the semi-submersible box body through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with the power transformation module through the mechanical transmission module, and the power transformation module is connected with an energy storage module. The application can be quickly spliced into a breakwater, and can convert wave energy in ocean renewable energy into electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coastal engineering technology, specifically to a modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit and breakwater. Background Technology

[0002] Wave energy is one of the most promising clean energy sources for marketization among various marine renewable energy sources. Using wave energy conversion devices, ocean wave energy can be converted into electricity through a three-stage energy conversion process. Most existing wave energy utilization technologies utilize the heave / swaying motion of objects under the influence of waves or the rise of waves to convert the mechanical energy of waves into electrical energy. Over the past 20 years, wave energy conversion devices have become increasingly sophisticated and are now entering the market exploration and initial operation phase.

[0003] Wave energy generation devices come in various forms, among which pendulum wave energy generation devices have a wide range of applications. However, traditional bottom-hinged pendulum wave energy generation devices suffer from problems such as complex supporting facilities and high manufacturing and transportation costs; concrete breakwaters suffer from problems such as limited functionality and low added value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit and breakwater, which utilizes wave energy from ocean renewable energy to provide clean energy and can be spliced ​​together to form a breakwater, in view of the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit includes a wave absorber, a semi-submersible box for supporting the wave absorber, and an anchor placed on the seabed. The wave absorber is installed on the semi-submersible box, and the lower end of the semi-submersible box is connected to the anchor via an anchor chain.

[0007] The absorber is equipped with a mechanical transmission module and a power conversion module. The absorber is connected to the semi-submersible enclosure via a rotating shaft, which is connected to the power conversion module via the mechanical transmission module. The power conversion module is connected to an energy storage module.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the semi-submersible box is rectangular; the wave absorber is shaped like an eagle's beak, forming an eagle's beak wave absorber; and the anchor is a suction anchor.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the mechanical transmission module includes a bottom sprocket, an acceleration transmission mechanism, and an output sprocket. The bottom sprocket is mounted on a rotating shaft, the acceleration transmission mechanism is mounted inside the housing of the wave absorber, the bottom sprocket is connected to the input end of the acceleration transmission mechanism via a chain, the output end of the acceleration transmission mechanism is connected to the output sprocket via a chain, and the output sprocket is mounted at the input end of the power conversion module.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the acceleration transmission mechanism includes one or more acceleration double sprockets, and the double sprockets include a large sprocket and a small sprocket arranged on the same bushing.

[0011] When there is one double sprocket, the bottom sprocket is connected to the small sprocket via a chain, and the large sprocket is connected to the output sprocket via a chain. When there are multiple double sprockets, the bottom sprocket is connected to the small sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at one end via a chain, adjacent double sprockets are connected by a chain, and the large sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at the other end is connected to the output sprocket via a chain.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, an adjustment feedback module is also provided inside the absorber;

[0013] The adjustment feedback module includes an angular displacement sensor, a torque sensor, a wave height gauge, a controller, a motor, and a counterweight slider. The angular displacement sensor, torque sensor, and wave height gauge are connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the motor, and the motor is connected to the counterweight slider through a moving mechanism.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the semi-submersible tank is equipped with an energy storage module, which is connected to the power transformer module via a cable. The semi-submersible tank is also equipped with a ballast water module.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, a seawater desalination module is also installed inside the semi-submersible container. The seawater desalination module draws in seawater through the inlet, uses electric power to drive a high-pressure pump to desalinate the seawater, and then transports the fresh water to the shore through pipelines.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the bottom of the semi-submersible container is equipped with a chassis, which is rotatably connected to the semi-submersible container. The chassis is connected to a rotary drive motor through a rotary transmission mechanism. The rotary drive motor drives the chassis to rotate relative to the semi-submersible container through the rotary transmission mechanism. The suction anchor is connected to the chassis through an anchor chain, thereby connecting to the semi-submersible container. Each chassis is moored to multiple suction anchors through an anchor chain.

[0017] A modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater includes multiple modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units connected in sequence, and a steering module is connected between two adjacent modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units.

[0018] The steering module includes a connecting block and two parallel ball screws. The nuts of the two ball screws are connected to the connecting block, and the screws of the two ball screws are respectively set on the semi-submersible boxes of the two adjacent modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units. A steering motor is connected to one end of the screw of each ball screw.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, the connecting block includes a pin pair, a socket pair, and a connecting pin. The pin pair and the socket pair engage with each other and are connected by two connecting pins. The pin pair and the socket pair are respectively connected to the nuts of the ball screws of the two adjacent semi-submersible tanks.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention can be quickly assembled into a breakwater and can utilize ocean renewable energy waves to convert them into electrical energy, providing clean energy. It is particularly suitable for island and reef development scenarios, where floating structures can be quickly installed to provide power to the islands and reefs. For port scenarios, it can be widely deployed in deeper waters to protect ports and anchorages over large areas, while also supplementing ports with clean energy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical transmission module inside the absorber body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the adjustment feedback module inside the absorber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment feedback module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal modules of the semi-submersible container in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the steering module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pin assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the socket assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater in the embodiment of the present invention with the mooring steering module having a zero turning angle;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater in the embodiment of the present invention with the mooring steering module at its maximum turning angle;

[0033] In the diagram, 1-wave absorber; 2-semi-submersible hull; 3-anchor chain; 4-suction anchor; 11-mechanical transmission module; 111-bottom sprocket; 112-accelerating double sprocket; 113-chain; 12-power conversion module; 13-adjustment feedback module; 131-angular displacement sensor; 132-torque sensor; 133-wave height gauge; 134-controller; 135-servo motor; 136-counterweight slider; 20-mooring and steering module; 21-energy storage module; 22-seawater desalination module; 23-ballast water module; 201-ball screw; 202-circular chassis; 203-connecting pin; 204-pin pair; 205-socket pair; 206-polar coordinate positioning slider; 207-polar coordinate positioning pin; 208-positioning hole; 209-connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, a modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a wave absorber 1, a semi-submersible box 2 for supporting the wave absorber 1, and a suction anchor 4 placed on the seabed. The wave absorber 1 is installed on the semi-submersible box 2, and the lower end of the semi-submersible box 2 is connected to the suction anchor 4 through an anchor chain 3.

[0036] The absorber 1 is equipped with a mechanical transmission module 11 and a power conversion module 12. The absorber 1 is connected to the semi-submersible housing 2 via a rotating shaft. The absorber 1 can rotate relative to the semi-submersible housing 2 around the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is connected to the power conversion module 12 via the mechanical transmission module 11. The power conversion module 12 is connected to an energy storage module. Waves drive the absorber 1 to rotate relative to the semi-submersible housing 2 around the rotating shaft, and the rotational mechanical energy is transmitted to the power conversion module 12 through the mechanical transmission module 11. The power conversion module 12 converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0037] Furthermore, the semi-submersible enclosure 2 is rectangular; the wave absorber 1 is shaped like an eagle's beak, forming an eagle-beak type wave absorber.

[0038] Furthermore, the beak-shaped wave absorber is installed above the semi-submersible enclosure 2; the semi-submersible enclosure 2 provides a certain buoyancy, a ball screw 201 is provided on the side of the semi-submersible enclosure 2, a circular base 202 is installed at the bottom of the semi-submersible enclosure 2, and the suction anchor 4 is connected to two anchor chains 3 provided under the circular base 202.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the mechanical transmission module 11 is further restricted based on Embodiment 1, resulting in Embodiment 2 having even better performance.

[0041] The mechanical transmission module 11 includes a bottom sprocket 111, an acceleration transmission mechanism, and an output sprocket. The bottom sprocket 111 is mounted on a rotating shaft, and the acceleration transmission mechanism is housed within the shell of the absorber 1. The bottom sprocket 111 is connected to the input end of the acceleration transmission mechanism via a chain, and the output end of the acceleration transmission mechanism is connected to the output sprocket via a chain. The output sprocket is located at the input end of the power conversion module 12. The transmission ratio from the bottom sprocket 111 to the output sprocket via the acceleration transmission mechanism decreases, causing the output sprocket to rotate at a speed greater than that of the bottom sprocket 111, thereby increasing the rotational speed and improving the power conversion efficiency of the power conversion module.

[0042] The bottom sprocket 111 is coaxial with the beak-shaped wave absorber and is connected to the acceleration double sprocket 112 via a chain 113. The power module 12 is connected to the energy storage module, and then the power is transmitted to the energy storage module via a cable.

[0043] Furthermore, the acceleration transmission mechanism includes one or more acceleration double sprockets 112, and the double sprockets include a large sprocket and a small sprocket arranged on the same bushing;

[0044] When there is one double sprocket, the bottom sprocket 111 is connected to the small sprocket via a chain, and the large sprocket is connected to the output sprocket via a chain. When there are multiple double sprockets, the bottom sprocket 111 is connected to the small sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at one end via a chain, and adjacent double sprockets are connected via a chain. The large sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at the other end is connected to the output sprocket via a chain.

[0045] Furthermore, multiple accelerating double sprockets 112 are sequentially arranged inside the absorber 1 along a straight-line mounting track.

[0046] Furthermore, the acceleration transmission mechanism can be selected as a gear set to adjust the transmission ratio, or the entire mechanical transmission module 11 can be in gear set transmission mode to reduce the transmission ratio and increase the output speed.

[0047] The beak-shaped wave absorber and the semi-submersible enclosure 2 are hinged together by a long shaft, which is fixed to the semi-submersible enclosure 2 and passes through the bottom of the beak-shaped wave absorber. The connection is sealed with a composite waterproof gasket. When the wave crest reaches the front of the breakwater, the wave causes the beak-shaped wave absorber to swing back and forth, creating relative motion with respect to the long shaft. A sprocket is fixed on the long shaft. Under the rotation of the beak-shaped wave absorber, a generator set is placed on top of the beak-shaped wave absorber. The chain is accelerated through two stages of sprockets, driving the generator set to generate electricity. The transmission ratio of each sprocket is approximately 5, and the two stages of sprockets can achieve a 20-30 times acceleration, making full use of the small-amplitude rotational motion to realize the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] like Figure 4-5As shown, based on Examples 1-2, the limitation of the adjustment feedback module was added, and the performance of Example 3 after the limitation was even better.

[0050] The absorber 1 is also equipped with an adjustment feedback module 13, which is used to adjust the inertia of the absorber 1.

[0051] The adjustment feedback module 13 includes an angular displacement sensor 131, a torque sensor 132, a wave height meter 133, a controller 134, a servo motor 135, and a counterweight slider 136. The angular displacement sensor 131, torque sensor 132, and wave height meter 133 are connected to the controller 134, the controller is connected to the servo motor, and the servo motor is connected to the counterweight slider through a moving mechanism. The angular displacement sensor 131 and torque sensor 132 can acquire the motion state of the beak-type wave absorber, and the wave height meter 133 acquires environmental information. The controller 134 adjusts the servo motor according to the difference between the two, controls the movement and locking of the counterweight slider 136, and changes the inertial parameters of the breakwater unit to make it in the optimal power generation state.

[0052] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a lead screw, a servo motor is connected to the counterweight slider through the lead screw, and a slide rail is also provided on one side of the lead screw. The counterweight slider is set on the slide rail. The lead screw drives the counterweight slider to move back and forth along the lead screw, thereby changing the inertial parameters of the breakwater unit.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, based on Examples 1-3, the structure of the semi-submersible box 2 is further restricted, and the performance of Example 4 after restriction is even better.

[0055] The semi-submersible tank 2 is equipped with an energy storage module 21, which is connected to the power transformer module 12 via a cable. The semi-submersible tank 2 is also equipped with a ballast water module 23. The ballast water module is used to adjust the gravity and buoyancy of the semi-submersible tank 2, so that the semi-submersible tank 2 can stay at different depths in the water according to the seawater environment.

[0056] The substation module can be a generator set.

[0057] Furthermore, the semi-submersible container 2 is also equipped with a seawater desalination module 22. The seawater desalination module 22 is connected to the controller. The seawater desalination module draws in seawater through the inlet, uses electric power to drive a high-pressure pump to desalinate the seawater, and then transports the fresh water to the shore through pipelines.

[0058] Furthermore, the semi-submersible container 2 has a circular base at its bottom, which is connected to the semi-submersible container 2 via bearings. The circular base and the semi-submersible container 2 are rotatably connected relative to each other. The circular base is connected to a rotary drive motor via a rotary transmission mechanism, and the rotary drive motor is connected to a controller. The rotary drive motor drives the circular base to rotate relative to the semi-submersible container 2. The suction anchor 4 is connected to the circular base via an anchor chain 3, thereby connecting to the semi-submersible container 2. The suction anchor 4 is inserted into the seabed, drains the seawater, and is fixed to the seabed by negative pressure. Each circular base 202 is moored to multiple suction anchors 4 via anchor chains 3.

[0059] Furthermore, the rotary drive motor is connected to the circular chassis through a rotary transmission mechanism, which drives the circular chassis and the semi-submersible box 2 to rotate at a certain angle. The rotary transmission mechanism can be a transmission method consisting of a gear set or a chain drive set. For example, the driven gear and the rotary drive motor are respectively set on the circular chassis and the semi-submersible box 2, and the output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to the driving gear, which meshes with the driven gear.

[0060] Preferably, each circular base is connected to three suction anchors 4.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] A modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater includes multiple modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units connected in sequence, and a steering module is connected between two adjacent modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units.

[0063] The steering module includes a connecting block and two parallel ball screws. The nuts of the two ball screws are connected to the connecting block respectively. The screws of the two ball screws are respectively mounted on the semi-submersible boxes 2 of the two adjacent modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units through bearings. One end of the screw of each ball screw is connected to a steering motor, and the steering motor is connected to the controller.

[0064] A ball screw consists of a screw and a nut, with the nut fitted onto the screw.

[0065] The connecting block includes a pin pair 204, a socket pair 205, and a connecting pin 203. The pin pair and the socket pair engage with each other and are connected by two connecting pins. The pin pair 204 and the socket pair 205 are respectively connected to the nuts of the ball screws of the two adjacent semi-submersible tanks 2.

[0066] The side wall of the semi-submersible box 2 is provided with a sliding groove. The pin pair 204 and the socket pair 205 are respectively set on the corresponding sliding groove of the semi-submersible box 2. The steering motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw drives the pin pair 204 or the socket pair 205 to move back and forth along the corresponding sliding groove.

[0067] Furthermore, the pin assembly 204 is also provided with two polar coordinate positioning pins 207, and the socket assembly 205 is provided with positioning holes 208. The upper end of the polar coordinate positioning pin 207 is connected to the polar coordinate positioning slider 206. The polar coordinate positioning pin 207 is inserted into the positioning hole 208 of the socket assembly 205. The polar coordinate positioning pin 207 can adapt well to the swaying state of the sea waves during installation.

[0068] The mooring and steering module 20 is composed of a central chassis and a steering module that are rotatably mounted relative to the semi-submersible hull 2. The mooring and steering module 20 consists of a suction anchor 4, an anchor chain 3, a circular chassis 202, a ball screw 201, and a connecting pin 203 on the side.

[0069] Each semi-submersible tank 2 is hinged to each other via connecting pins 203 on both sides. Each connecting pin 203 is mounted on a ball screw 201 and can move back and forth under the rotation of the screw. When turning, the ball screw 201 drives the connecting pins 203 to move back and forth, while the motor built into the circular chassis 202 applies rotational torque. The two forces work together to drive the breakwater unit to rotate synchronously at the same angle. The wave height meter 133 arranged in an array analyzes the external wave environment and instructs the mooring steering module 20 to act, making the breakwater unit perpendicular to the wave propagation direction, further enhancing the ability of the beak-type wave absorber to capture wave energy.

[0070] During the initial installation of the breakwater, each section is installed individually. The connection process is completed by the cooperation of the pin pair 204 and the socket pair 205. Specifically, the pin pair consists of a polar coordinate positioning slider 206, a polar coordinate positioning pin 207, and a connecting pin 203, while the socket pair consists of a positioning hole 208 and a connecting hole 209. Both are through holes and have chamfered edges. During installation, the polar coordinate positioning slider 206 first drives the polar coordinate positioning pin 207 to insert into the positioning hole 208. Then, the coordinates are zeroed, the position is returned to center, and the connecting pin 203 is inserted into the connecting hole 209 to complete the connection.

[0071] The breakwater units are connected by ball screws 201 on the side of the semi-submersible box 2 and arranged in an array at intervals perpendicular to the water flow direction. The uppermost position of the breakwater is always higher than the water level line, so no overtopping occurs.

[0072] The breakwater units are connected by ball screws on the side of the semi-submersible box 2 and arranged in an array at intervals perpendicular to the water flow direction. The uppermost position of the breakwater is always above the water level, preventing overtopping.

[0073] In summary, this invention can convert wave energy into electrical energy. By employing an eagle-shaped cross-section, it reduces wave reflection and transmission, thereby improving the wave-dissipating performance, overall reliability, and safety of the breakwater. This invention can be arrayed on the wave-facing side of the target waterway to form a modular wave-energy-generating floating breakwater. While meeting the breakwater protection needs of islands, ports, and anchorages, it can also provide electricity and fresh water, improving the economic benefits of marine renewable energy utilization.

[0074] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular wave energy-generating floating breakwater unit, characterized in that, It includes a wave absorber (1), a semi-submersible box (2) for supporting the wave absorber, and an anchor placed on the seabed. The wave absorber (1) is installed on the semi-submersible box (2), and the lower end of the semi-submersible box (2) is connected to the anchor by an anchor chain. The absorber (1) is equipped with a mechanical transmission module (11) and a power conversion module (12). The absorber (1) is connected to the semi-submersible box (2) through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is connected to the power conversion module (12) through the mechanical transmission module (11). The power conversion module is connected to an energy storage module. The semi-submersible box (2) is rectangular; the wave absorber (1) is shaped like an eagle's beak, forming an eagle's beak wave absorber, and the anchor is a suction anchor (4). The mechanical transmission module (11) includes a bottom sprocket (111), an acceleration transmission mechanism and an output sprocket. The bottom sprocket is mounted on a rotating shaft. The acceleration transmission mechanism is mounted inside the housing of the wave absorber (1). The bottom sprocket is connected to the input end of the acceleration transmission mechanism via a chain. The output end of the acceleration transmission mechanism is connected to the output sprocket via a chain. The output sprocket is mounted at the input end of the power conversion module (12). The absorber body is also equipped with an adjustment feedback module (13); The adjustment feedback module (13) includes an angular displacement sensor (131), a torque sensor (132), a wave height meter (133), a controller (134), a motor, and a counterweight slider (136). The angular displacement sensor (131), the torque sensor (132), and the wave height meter (133) are connected to the controller (134). The controller is connected to the motor, and the motor is connected to the counterweight slider through a moving mechanism.

2. The modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acceleration transmission mechanism includes one or more acceleration double sprockets, and the double sprockets include a large sprocket and a small sprocket arranged on the same bushing; When there is only one double sprocket, the bottom sprocket is connected to the small sprocket via a chain, and the large sprocket is connected to the output sprocket via a chain. When there are multiple double sprockets, the bottom sprocket is connected to the small sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at one end via a chain, and adjacent double sprockets are connected by a chain. The large sprocket of the outermost double sprocket at the other end is connected to the output sprocket via a chain.

3. The modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semi-submersible tank (2) is equipped with an energy storage module (21), which is connected to the power transformer module (12) via a cable. The semi-submersible tank (2) is also equipped with a ballast water module.

4. The modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The semi-submersible container (2) is also equipped with a seawater desalination module (22). The seawater desalination module draws in seawater through the inlet, uses electric power to drive a high-pressure pump to desalinate the seawater, and then transports the fresh water to the shore through a pipeline.

5. The modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the semi-submersible container is equipped with a chassis, which is rotatably connected to the semi-submersible container. The chassis is connected to a rotary drive motor through a rotary transmission mechanism. The rotary drive motor drives the chassis to rotate relative to the semi-submersible container through the rotary transmission mechanism. The anchor is connected to the chassis through an anchor chain, thereby connecting to the semi-submersible container. Each chassis is moored to multiple anchors through an anchor chain (3).

6. A modular wave-powered floating breakwater, characterized in that, It includes multiple modular wave energy generating floating breakwater units as described in any one of claims 1-5, connected in sequence, with a steering module connected between two adjacent modular wave energy generating floating breakwater units. The steering module includes a connecting block and two parallel ball screws. The nuts of the two ball screws are connected to the connecting block respectively. The screws of the two ball screws are respectively set on the semi-submersible boxes of the two adjacent modular wave energy power generation floating breakwater units. A steering motor is connected to one end of the screw of each ball screw.

7. The modular wave energy-generating floating breakwater according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting block includes a pin pair (204), a socket pair (205), and a connecting pin (203). The pin pair and the socket pair engage with each other and are connected by two connecting pins. The pin pair (204) and the socket pair (205) are respectively connected to the nuts of the ball screws of the two adjacent semi-submersible tanks.

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