A small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature and construction method thereof

Abstract

A small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature and its construction method relate to the field of underground tunnel engineering equipment and construction technology. The machine comprises a head assembly VI and a controller. The head assembly VI includes a cutterhead assembly, a deflection device, and a component compartment. An inverted arch connector or a top arch connector for connecting standard pipe sections is detachably connected to the rear of the component compartment. The cutterhead assembly and the deflection device are connected via a ball joint structure 1 and a deflection cylinder assembly, enabling omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees. The ball joint structure 1 comprises an open inner spherical surface at the rear of the cutterhead assembly and an outer spherical surface at the head of the deflection device. After the outer spherical surface is inserted into the inner spherical surface, it is constrained by a sealing pressure plate. This invention significantly improves construction efficiency in specific construction environments, reduces construction costs, and minimally disturbs the soil, making it suitable for construction in confined areas (tunnels).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground tunnel engineering equipment and construction, and in particular to an improvement of a variable-curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the emergence of a large-scale development boom in urban underground space, there are many underground projects with shallow burial depths, irregular cross-sectional dimensions, large lateral spans, and complex geological conditions, such as subway stations, underground complexes, and underground vehicle / pedestrian tunnels. If these underground spaces require arch support due to building limits, higher requirements are placed on the pipe curtain construction equipment and technology, that is, the use of curved jacking construction.

[0003] Underground rail transit is the primary means of commuting within large cities and a crucial means of promoting inter-city connectivity in the future. Traditional subway stations are mostly constructed using the open-cut method. However, in bustling urban areas, this requires traffic diversion and the relocation of numerous pipelines, significantly impacting the surrounding environment. The closure of surrounding businesses and the demolition of properties can also lead to increased construction costs, and demolition difficulties can even prevent projects from proceeding. Consequently, in recent years, technical personnel have focused on the research and development of new underground excavation construction equipment and technologies to mitigate the environmental damage and impact of large-scale subway construction on urban life. Therefore, the use of curved pipe curtain equipment and construction techniques to construct underground spaces, such as underground subway stations, is a pressing issue.

[0004] Currently, the equipment and construction technology for straight pipe curtains are relatively mature, while curved pipe curtains and their construction are still in their infancy. Curved pipe curtains have different requirements: those with constant curvature and those with variable curvature. While the former has successful domestic cases, the latter remains in the research and development stage, with no proven technology yet to be applied in real-world projects.

[0005] Regarding the latter research and development, the following achievements have been found through searching, such as the prior art "CN109611111A, a guidance method for a variable curvature small-diameter curved tunnel boring machine". In response to the technical problem that the existing posture measurement method of the tunnel boring machine cannot effectively detect all the information of the actual posture and position of the pilot pipe section in the soil, which brings inconvenience to the guidance during construction, the present invention proposes a guidance method for a variable curvature small-diameter curved tunnel boring machine. Starting from the precise coordinates of the ground structure, the method derives all the information of the actual posture and position of the curved jacking pilot pipe section in the soil. The accuracy is good, and the information can better meet the guidance needs. This technology uses the laser target chain as the core technical measure, establishes the equation of the node connection line of the tunnel boring machine and all subsequent pipe sections, calibrates the posture change between two adjacent nodes through the laser target chain technology, and measures the coordinates of each pipe section node through the node posture change, until the posture and coordinates of the tunnel boring machine. Its measurement equipment is complex, involving the tunnel boring machine head and all subsequent pipe sections, and the precise coordinates of the ground structure must be preset in advance. As the saying goes, a single hair can move the whole body. Although theoretically, the existing technology can achieve its expected technical effect, there are unpredictable technical difficulties in how to ensure this expected effect in actual application.

[0006] In addition, the applicant in this case has also conducted research and development on this topic, and formed the prior art II of "CN115930960A, a system and method for precise guidance in tunnel engineering". In terms of hardware, this achievement adopts "including inertial measurement devices, displacement sensors, industrial computers and host computers; the inertial measurement device includes an inertial measurement component, a guide rail and a drive mechanism, the inertial measurement component slides with the guide rail, the drive mechanism is driven and connected to the inertial measurement component, and the drive mechanism is used to drive the inertial measurement component to reciprocate at a uniform speed along the guide rail; the guide rail is parallel to the central axis of the tunneling equipment, and the inertial measurement component includes a fiber optic gyroscope and an accelerometer". The following construction measures are proposed around this hardware: preset trajectory, real-time data collection during travel, comparison and correction of the actual operation trajectory with the predetermined trajectory. However, after the formation of this prior art II, how to transform it into practical applications and give full play to its effectiveness has become a technical topic that the applicant of this invention needs to further research and develop in the future.

[0007] In summary, how to adapt to the specific situation of different curvatures of the inverted arch and the top arch when an underground arch support structure is formed between two tunnels and how to design a simple and efficient pipe-roof jacking machine has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the specific application environment of constructing an underground arch support structure between two tunnels, the present invention provides a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature that is efficient, concise, and adaptable to different curvatures of the roof and invert arch, and a construction method thereof.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature, comprising a head assembly VI and a controller, the head assembly VI comprising a cutterhead device, a deflection device and a component compartment, an inverted arch connector or a top arch connector for connecting a standard pipe segment being detachably connected to the rear of the component compartment;

[0010] The cutter head device and the deflection device are connected to the deflection cylinder group through a ball joint structure, so that the cutter head device and the deflection device can achieve omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees;

[0011] The first ball joint structure is as follows: an open inner spherical surface is provided at the tail end of the cutter head device, and an outer spherical surface is provided at the head end of the deflection device. After the outer spherical surface is inserted into the inner spherical surface, the outer spherical surface is constrained by a sealing pressure plate. The inner surface of the sealing pressure plate is spherical and adapted to the outer spherical surface.

[0012] The deflection oil cylinder group includes at least three deflection oil cylinders evenly distributed on the same circumference.

[0013] An anti-twist mechanism is further provided between the cutter head device and the deflection device, and the anti-twist mechanism comprises:

[0014] At least two anti-rotation pins are provided on the rear end surface of the chest plate of the cutter head device,

[0015] At least two anti-rotation guide sleeves are provided on the inner wall of the front end edge of the deflection device.

[0016] The anti-rotation pin extends into the anti-rotation guide sleeve and retains a gap to ensure that the cutter head device and the deflection device can achieve omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees.

[0017] The sealing pressure plate is composed of at least two pieces of equal arc, which are connected to the end surface of the inner spherical surface of the tail of the cutter head device through an axial end surface connection method.

[0018] The sealing pressure plate is an integral ring and is sleeved into the small opening at the rear of the outer spherical surface before the outer spherical surface is welded to the deflection device.

[0019] The deflection oil cylinder also includes an oil cylinder base, an oil cylinder top seat and a position sensor;

[0020] The oil cylinder base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the deflection device, and the oil cylinder base is connected to the tail end of the deflection oil cylinder through a hinge pin whose axis is tangent to the circumferential direction;

[0021] The piston rod end of the deflection oil cylinder is connected to the oil cylinder top seat through a second ball joint structure, and the oil cylinder top seat is connected to the chest plate of the cutter head device;

[0022] The position sensor is connected between the oil cylinder top seat and the deflection oil cylinder and is used to detect the expansion and contraction amount of the piston. The deflection oil cylinder and the position sensor are connected to a controller.

[0023] The second ball joint structure is as follows: an inner spherical surface is provided in the oil cylinder top seat, and a piston ball head is provided at the top end of the piston rod.

[0024] A sealing groove 1 is provided on the inner wall of the inner spherical surface rim, and / or a sealing groove 2 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing pressure plate; and a sealing member is provided in the sealing groove 1 and / or the sealing groove 2.

[0025] A guide measuring unit is provided at a position perpendicular to the plumb plane at the top of the cutterhead device, the guide measuring unit comprising a cylindrical shell and a hanging plate, the hanging plate being provided at the top of the shell and being used to connect to the top inner wall of the cutterhead device;

[0026] A guide rail is provided in the shell, and a reciprocating motion posture acquisition device is provided on the guide rail; the motion posture acquisition device is connected to the controller.

[0027] A construction method for an underground arch support structure between two tunnels using a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature according to the present invention is carried out in the following steps:

[0028] 1) Locate excavation area V between left tunnel I and right tunnel II;

[0029] 2) Use the left trolley Ⅰa or the right trolley Ⅱa to move the head assembly VI to the starting position of the excavation area V;

[0030] 3) Choose to excavate top arch III or inverted arch IV first; adjust the angle between the cutterhead device and the deflection device according to the selection, adjust the curvature, and adaptively prepare the top arch connector or inverted arch connector and standard pipe joints used for the first excavation;

[0031] 4) Start mining,

[0032] The jacking oil cylinder on the left trolley Ⅰa or the right trolley Ⅱa drives the machine head assembly VI to run at the set curvature. After reaching the jacking oil cylinder stroke, the jacking oil cylinder retracts, and an inverted arch connector or a top arch connector and a standard pipe section are connected to the tail end of the machine head assembly VI.

[0033] After the jacking cylinder reaches its stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector or a top arch connector, and a standard pipe section, and the cycle continues;

[0034] 5) Head assembly VI receives,

[0035] After the machine head assembly VI enters the opposite tunnel, the machine head assembly VI is received;

[0036] 6) Reverse mining,

[0037] In the opposite tunnel, rotate the head assembly VI up and down, adjust the angle between the cutterhead assembly and the deflection device, and readjust the curvature to suit the inverted arch IV or the top arch III. Then, prepare the inverted arch connector or the top arch connector and the standard pipe joints used for reverse excavation.

[0038] After the jacking cylinder reaches its stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector or a top arch connector, and a standard pipe segment, and repeats this cycle until it returns to the starting tunnel again, completing the construction of a set of inverted arches and top arches.

[0039] 7) Move in the x direction and repeat the construction of the next adjacent set of inverted arches and top arches until the end position of the excavation area V is reached.

[0040] Compared to existing technologies, the variable-curvature, small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine of the present invention can more conveniently adjust the curvature when constructing pipe curtains of different curvatures within the same or different projects. By combining the inner spherical surface at the rear end of the cutterhead assembly with the outer spherical surface at the front end of the deflection assembly, a certain angle of deflection can be achieved under the action of the deflection cylinder. The deflection cylinder then maintains the angle after deflection. The seals that cooperate with the outer spherical surface solve the problem of sealing water and soil during excavation, ensuring the operational reliability and service life of the equipment. The deflection cylinder's corrective action, coupled with the controller's control of the deflection cylinder, effectively adjusts the excavation trajectory, avoiding the disadvantage of trajectory misalignment during operation.

[0041] Furthermore, this invention addresses the unique characteristics of the underground arch support structure between the two tunnels, such as the different curvatures of the crown and invert arches, and innovatively proposes "reciprocating excavation, adjusting the machine position and changing the curvature at the turning point (opposite tunnel)." This, combined with connectors adapted to different curvatures, enables efficient construction in this specific construction environment. Furthermore, by varying the tool form, this system can adapt to excavation construction in geological conditions such as ordinary strata, composite strata, and rock strata, achieving greater stratum adaptability. Compared to existing technologies, this system is more user-friendly, with a single unit capable of meeting the requirements of full-area construction. This significantly improves efficiency and reduces costs in this specific construction environment, while minimizing soil disturbance and making it suitable for construction within confined areas (tunnels). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 ,

[0044] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 ,

[0045] Figure 3 This is an axial three-dimensional exploded view of the cutter head device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a radial three-dimensional exploded view of the cutter head device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 It is the top arch connector in the present invention,

[0048] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled pipe sections in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention Figure 1 ,

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention Figure 2 ,

[0051] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the deflection cylinder in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guide measurement unit in the present invention,

[0053] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the guide measurement unit in the present invention,

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the drive arrangement in the cutterhead device of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention,

[0056] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A top view of

[0057] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the top arch excavation state during the construction process of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the receiving state of the invert during the construction process of the present invention;

[0059] In the figure, Ⅰ is the left tunnel, Ⅰa is the left trolley, Ⅱ is the right tunnel, Ⅱa is the right trolley, Ⅲ is the top arch, Ⅳ is the inverted arch, Ⅴ is the excavation area, and Ⅵ is the head assembly;

[0060] Reference numeral 1 denotes the cutterhead assembly, reference numeral 11 denotes the sealing pressure plate, reference numeral 12 denotes the sealing element, reference numeral 13 denotes the base plate, reference numeral 14 denotes the anti-rotation pin, reference numeral 15 denotes the inner spherical surface, reference numeral 16 denotes the guide measurement unit, reference numeral 161 denotes the housing, reference numeral 162 denotes the hanging plate, reference numeral 163 denotes the guide rail, reference numeral 164 denotes the fiber optic gyroscope, and reference numeral 16' denotes the guide measurement unit mounting position.

[0061] 2 is the deflection device, 21 is the deflection cylinder, 211 is the cylinder base, 212 is the position sensor, 213 is the cylinder top seat, 214 is the piston ball head, 21' is the deflection cylinder installation position, 22 is the anti-rotation guide sleeve, and 23 is the outer spherical surface;

[0062] 3 is the parts warehouse,

[0063] 4 is the inverted arch connector,

[0064] 5 is a top arch connector,

[0065] 6 is the standard pipe joint,

[0066] 7 is the drive system,

[0067] 8 is the slurry inlet and outlet system;

[0068] Figure 13-16 In the figure, the dotted box indicates the area to be excavated, the double-dotted box indicates the axial moving trolley, and the arrow line indicates the direction of movement;

[0069] exist Figure 13 The yz reference coordinate system is established in Figure 14 The xy reference coordinate system is established in . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following is combined with Figure 1-16 The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated through specific implementation methods.

[0071] Among them, Figure 1-16 It is only used for illustrative purposes and represents only schematic diagrams rather than actual images, and should not be understood as limiting this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0072] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate an orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate a connection relationship between components, such term should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components or an interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0074] The present invention Figure 1-12 As shown, a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature includes a head assembly VI and a controller. The head assembly VI includes a cutterhead device 1, a deflection device 2, and a component bin 3. An inverted arch connector 4 or a top arch connector 5 for connecting a standard pipe segment 6 is detachably connected to the rear of the component bin 3. In use, the component bin and the deflection device are connected to form a whole. The cutterhead device 1 and the deflection device 2 are both tubular.

[0075] The cutterhead device 1 and the deflection device 2 are connected via a ball joint structure and a deflection cylinder assembly, so that the cutterhead device 1 and the deflection device 2 can achieve omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees, thereby achieving variable overall curvature after continuous connection of the connector and the standard pipe section;

[0076] The first ball joint structure is as follows: an open inner spherical surface 15 is provided at the tail end of the cutter head device 1, and an outer spherical surface 23 is provided at the head end of the deflection device 2. After the outer spherical surface 23 is inserted into the inner spherical surface 15, the outer spherical surface 23 is constrained by the sealing pressure plate 11. The inner surface of the sealing pressure plate 11 is spherical and adapted to the outer spherical surface 23.

[0077] The deflection cylinder group includes at least three deflection cylinders 21 evenly distributed on the same circumference; the deflection cylinders 21 are used to adjust the curvature and correct the deviation during operation. Figure 12As shown, the deflection cylinder mounting locations 21' for mounting the deflection cylinders are located on the circumference of the cutterhead assembly 1. It should be noted that the curvature adjustment function of the deflection cylinders 21 essentially involves actuating the deflection cylinders 21 to achieve a set deflection angle between the cutterhead assembly and the deflection device, which is then locked by the deflection cylinders 21. Locking each deflection cylinder 21 is accomplished by providing a corresponding hydraulic lock within the hydraulic circuit.

[0078] This invention facilitates curvature adjustment when constructing pipe roofs with different curvatures within the same or different projects. By aligning the inner spherical surface at the rear end of the cutterhead with the outer spherical surface at the front end of the deflection device, a deflection cylinder can achieve a certain angle of deflection. The deflection cylinder then maintains the deflected angle. The seal, in conjunction with the outer spherical surface, solves the problem of sealing water and soil during excavation, ensuring the operational reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0079] An anti-twist mechanism is further provided between the cutter head device 1 and the deflection device 2, and the anti-twist mechanism comprises:

[0080] At least two anti-rotation pins 14 are provided on the rear end surface of the chest plate of the cutter head device 1.

[0081] At least two anti-rotation guide sleeves 22 are provided on the inner wall of the front end edge of the deflection device 2.

[0082] The anti-rotation pin 14 extends into the anti-rotation guide sleeve 22, maintaining a clearance to ensure that the cutterhead assembly 1 and the deflection device 2 can achieve 1-8° of full-directional deflection. The overall function of the anti-torsion mechanism is to prevent the cutterhead assembly 1 from rotating along its own axis due to the reaction force of tunneling. The clearance is maintained to avoid interference and ensure deflection reliability.

[0083] The sealing plate has the following two embodiments: Figure 4 As shown, the sealing pressure plate 11 is at least two pieces of equal arc, which are connected to the end surface of the tail inner spherical surface 15 of the cutter head device 1 through an axial end surface connection method.

[0084] In this way, the sealing pressure plates are connected and sealed by splicing, which is convenient for assembly and subsequent maintenance.

[0085] The second type is that the sealing pressure plate 11 is an integral ring, and is sleeved into the rear small end of the outer spherical surface 23 before the outer spherical surface 23 is welded to the deflection device 2 .

[0086] The sealing pressure plates are sleeved in an integral manner, so that the sealing effect is more reliable.

[0087] like Figure 9As shown, the deflection cylinder 21 further includes a cylinder base 211, a cylinder top seat 213 and a position sensor 212;

[0088] The cylinder base 211 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the deflection device 2, and the cylinder base 211 is connected to the tail end of the deflection cylinder 21 through a hinge pin whose axis is tangent to the circumferential direction;

[0089] The piston rod end of the deflection oil cylinder 21 is connected to the oil cylinder top seat 213 through a second ball joint structure, and the oil cylinder top seat 213 is connected to the chest plate of the cutter head device 1;

[0090] The position sensor 212 is connected between the cylinder top seat 213 and the deflection cylinder 21 to detect the extension and contraction amount of the piston. The deflection cylinder 21 and the position sensor 212 are connected to a controller.

[0091] The deflection cylinder is connected to the deflection device and cutterhead assembly via a cylinder base and cylinder top mount, respectively, for easy installation. Position sensors provide convenient and reliable detection. During tunneling, if the tunnel deviates from the designed trajectory due to geological factors, the position sensor will immediately send relevant data to the controller for timely feedback and correction.

[0092] The second ball joint structure is as follows: an inner spherical surface is provided in the oil cylinder top seat 213 , and a piston ball head 214 is provided at the top end of the piston rod.

[0093] The cooperation between the piston ball head and the inner spherical surface ensures the reliability of the movement.

[0094] A sealing groove 1 is provided on the inner wall of the edge of the inner spherical surface 15, and / or a sealing groove 2 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing pressure plate 11; a sealing member 12 is provided in the sealing groove 1 and / or the sealing groove 2;

[0095] In this way, it is convenient to form a single-channel or double-channel annular dynamic seal according to usage requirements to ensure sealing reliability.

[0096] like Figure 10-12 As shown, a guide measuring unit 16 is provided at a position perpendicular to the plumb plane at the top of the cutterhead device 1. The guide measuring unit 16 includes a cylindrical shell 161 and a hanging plate 162. The hanging plate 162 is provided at the top of the shell 161 and is used to connect to the top inner wall of the cutterhead device 1.

[0097] The housing 161 is provided with a guide rail 163, on which a reciprocating motion attitude acquisition device (such as a fiber optic gyroscope 164) is mounted. This motion attitude acquisition device is connected to the controller. It should be noted that the present invention utilizes the reciprocating linear motion of the motion attitude acquisition device to collect data at both endpoints of the linear travel, thereby accurately reflecting the actual attitude of the cutterhead assembly 1. Of course, in addition to the hanging plate 162, to ensure a reliable connection between the housing 161 and the cutterhead assembly 1, a connection to the cutterhead assembly 1 can also be made at the front end of the housing 161.

[0098] A guide measurement unit installation position 16' is provided on the top of the cutter head device 1 for installing the guide measurement unit, which is used to conveniently and reliably measure whether the running posture of the cutter head device 1 during actual operation is the set trajectory. Once an offset occurs, the controller can be fed back in time, and the controller will issue an instruction to adjust the deflection cylinder 21 as an actuator.

[0099] In application, data is transmitted to the controller via the position sensor 212 and the fiber optic gyroscope 164, and the controller controls the deflection cylinder to perform reasonable deviation correction and adjustment of the jacking posture of the pipe curtain machine.

[0100] The cutter head device 1 is also provided with a driving system 7 and a pulp feeding and discharging system 8, both of which are conventional technical means.

[0101] like Figure 13-16 As shown, the construction method of the underground arch support structure between two tunnels using a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature is carried out in the following steps:

[0102] 1) In the y direction, locate the excavation area V between the left tunnel I and the right tunnel II;

[0103] 2) Use the left trolley Ⅰa or the right trolley Ⅱa to move the head assembly VI to the starting position of the excavation area V;

[0104] 3) Select to excavate top arch III or inverted arch IV first; adjust the angle between the cutterhead device 1 and the deflection device 2 according to the selection, adjust the curvature, and adaptively prepare the top arch connector 5 or inverted arch connector 4 and the standard pipe segment 6 used for the first excavation;

[0105] 4) Start mining,

[0106] The machine head assembly VI is driven by the jacking cylinder on the left trolley Ia or the right trolley IIa to run at the adjusted curvature. After reaching the jacking cylinder stroke, the jacking cylinder retreats, and an inverted arch connector 4 or a top arch connector 5, and a standard pipe section 6 are connected to the tail end of the machine head assembly VI. It is explained as follows that in the present invention, the machine head assembly VI is composed of three sections, namely the cutter head device 1 in the first position, the deflection device 2 connected to its ball joint, and a component bin 3 is connected to the rear end of the deflection device 2, and the component bin 3 is used to accommodate related equipment of the machine head assembly VI; at the rear end of the component bin 3 of the machine head assembly VI, there is a connecting interface, and the connecting pipe is composed of "an inverted arch connector 4 or a top arch connector 5, and a standard pipe section 6" as a group. The aforementioned cutter head device 1, "deflection device 2+component bin 3", and standard pipe section 6 have the same axial length in specific applications. In this way, after "wedge-shaped" connectors are set between each section, an arc shape can be formed; when the wedge angles of the "wedge-shaped" connectors are different, different curvatures are presented.

[0107] After the jacking cylinder reaches its stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector 4 or a top arch connector 5, and a standard pipe section 6, and the cycle continues;

[0108] 5) Head assembly VI receives,

[0109] After the machine head assembly VI enters the opposite tunnel, the machine head assembly VI is received;

[0110] 6) Reverse mining,

[0111] In the opposite tunnel, the head assembly VI is rotated up and down, and the angle between the cutterhead assembly 1 and the deflection device 2 is adjusted to be suitable for the curvature of the inverted arch IV or the top arch III. Then, the inverted arch connector 4 or the top arch connector 5 and the standard pipe segment 6 used for reverse excavation are adaptively prepared.

[0112] After the jacking cylinder reaches its stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector 4 or a top arch connector 5, and a standard pipe section 6, and repeats this cycle until it returns to the starting tunnel again, completing the construction of a set of inverted arches and top arches.

[0113] 7) Move the diameter of one pipe segment (or slightly larger than one pipe segment) in the x direction and repeat the construction of the next adjacent set of inverted arches and top arches until the end position of the excavation area V is reached.

[0114] This invention addresses the unique characteristics of underground arch support structures between two tunnels, allowing for either a top arch or an inverted arch. It innovatively proposes "reciprocating excavation with curvature changes at turning points," combined with connectors adapted to varying curvatures, achieving efficient construction in this specific construction environment. A single set of equipment is required to form two different curvatures of pipe roof, reducing equipment investment and facilitating automated control.

[0115] It should be noted that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, based on the technical content disclosed in this application, various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations may be made to the present invention. However, as long as these modifications do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, certain terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not intended to be limiting and are provided solely for ease of description.

Claims

1. A small-caliber curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature, comprising a machine head assembly (VI) and a controller, wherein the machine head assembly (VI) comprises a cutter head device (1), a deflection device (2) and a component bin (3), characterized in that: An inverted arch connector (4) or a top arch connector (5) for connecting a standard pipe section (6) is detachably connected to the rear of the component bin (3); The cutter head device (1) and the deflection device (2) are connected via a ball joint structure and a deflection oil cylinder group, so that the cutter head device (1) and the deflection device (2) can achieve omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees; The first ball joint structure is as follows: an open inner spherical surface (15) is provided at the tail end of the cutter head device (1), and an outer spherical surface (23) is provided at the head end of the deflection device (2); after the outer spherical surface (23) is inserted into the inner spherical surface (15), the outer spherical surface (23) is constrained by a sealing pressure plate (11); the inner surface of the sealing pressure plate (11) is spherical and matches the outer spherical surface (23); The deflection oil cylinder group comprises at least three deflection oil cylinders (21) uniformly distributed on the same circumference; An anti-twist mechanism is also provided between the cutter head device (1) and the deflection device (2), and the anti-twist mechanism comprises: At least two anti-rotation pins (14) are provided on the rear end surface of the chest plate of the cutter head device (1), At least two anti-rotation guide sleeves (22) are provided on the inner wall of the front end edge of the deflection device (2). The anti-rotation pin (14) extends into the anti-rotation guide sleeve (22), and retains a gap to ensure that the cutter head device (1) and the deflection device (2) can achieve omnidirectional deflection of 1 to 8 degrees; The deflection oil cylinder (21) further includes an oil cylinder base (211), an oil cylinder top seat (213) and a position sensor (212); The oil cylinder base (211) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the deflection device (2), and the oil cylinder base (211) is connected to the tail end of the deflection oil cylinder (21) via a hinge pin whose axis is tangent to the circumferential direction; The piston rod end of the deflection oil cylinder (21) is connected to the oil cylinder top seat (213) via a second ball joint structure, and the oil cylinder top seat (213) is connected to the chest plate of the cutter head device (1); The position sensor (212) is connected between the oil cylinder top seat (213) and the deflection oil cylinder (21) and is used to detect the extension and contraction amount of the piston. The deflection oil cylinder (21) and the position sensor (212) are connected to a controller.

2. The variable curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing pressure plate (11) is composed of at least two pieces of equal arc, and is connected to the end surface of the tail inner spherical surface (15) of the cutter head device (1) through an axial end surface connection method.

3. The variable curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing pressure plate (11) is an integral ring and is sleeved into the rear small opening of the outer spherical surface (23) before the outer spherical surface (23) is welded to the deflection device (2).

4. The variable curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second ball joint structure is as follows: an inner spherical surface is provided in the oil cylinder top seat (213), and a piston ball head (214) is provided at the top end of the piston rod.

5. The variable curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing groove 1 is provided on the inner wall of the rim of the inner spherical surface (15), and / or a sealing groove 2 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing pressure plate (11); and a sealing member (12) is provided in the sealing groove 1 and / or the sealing groove 2.

6. The variable curvature small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide measuring unit (16) is provided at a position perpendicular to the plumb plane at the top of the cutterhead device (1), the guide measuring unit (16) comprising a cylindrical shell (161) and a hanging plate (162), the hanging plate (162) being provided at the top of the shell (161) and being used for connecting to the top inner wall of the cutterhead device (1); A guide rail (163) is provided in the housing (161), and a reciprocating motion posture acquisition device is provided on the guide rail (163); the motion posture acquisition device is connected to the controller.

7. A method for constructing an underground arch support structure between two tunnels using a small-diameter curved pipe curtain machine with variable curvature according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Follow these steps: 1) Locate the excavation area (V) between the left tunnel (I) and the right tunnel (II); 2) Use the left trolley (Ia) or the right trolley (IIa) to move the head assembly (VI) to the starting position of the excavation area (V); 3) Selecting to excavate the top arch (III) or the inverted arch (IV) first; adjusting the angle between the cutterhead device (1) and the deflection device (2) according to the selection, adjusting the curvature, and adaptively preparing the top arch connector (5) or the inverted arch connector (4) and the standard pipe section (6) used for the first excavation; 4) Start mining. The head assembly (VI) is driven by the jacking cylinder on the left trolley (Ia) or the right trolley (IIa) to run at a set curvature. After reaching the jacking cylinder stroke, the jacking cylinder retracts, and an inverted arch connector (4) or an overhead arch connector (5) and a standard pipe section (6) are connected to the tail end of the head assembly (VI). After the jacking oil cylinder reaches the stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector (4) or a top arch connector (5), and a standard pipe section (6), and the cycle continues; 5) Head assembly (VI) receives, After the machine head assembly (VI) enters the opposite tunnel, the machine head assembly (VI) is received; 6) Reverse mining, In the opposite tunnel, the machine head assembly (VI) is turned up and down, the angle between the cutterhead assembly (1) and the deflection assembly (2) is adjusted, and the angle is readjusted to be suitable for the curvature of the inverted arch (IV) or the top arch (III), and then the inverted arch connector (4) or the top arch connector (5) and the standard pipe section (6) used for reverse excavation are adaptively prepared; After the jacking oil cylinder reaches the stroke again, it continues to connect an inverted arch connector (4) or a top arch connector (5), and a standard pipe section (6), and the cycle continues until it returns to the starting tunnel again, thus completing the construction of a set of inverted arches and top arches; 7) Move in the x direction and repeat the construction of the next adjacent set of inverted arches and top arches until the end position of the excavation area (V) is reached.

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