A method and device for sampling ball-shaped silt blockage in situ soil

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ball type sampling method and device of taking silt, comprising: rear cavity and front cavity, rear cavity and front cavity are connected by axis line spring, the end of rear cavity and front cavity in horizontal direction is respectively connected with one water bag, rear cavity and front cavity are respectively connected with flexible pipe, for water bag filling water.The beneficial effects of the present application are: rear cavity and front cavity are connected front and back by axis line spring, and water bag connected with rear cavity and front cavity is filled with water by corresponding flexible pipe, and is alternately supported in pressure tube, and the effect that sampling device can be fixed and walk in pressure tube is achieved using the way of gravity and spring being compressed and restoring deformation, axis line spring can be bent, so that sampling device can cope with certain curved pressure tube;Rotary motor and coupling are arranged on the top of sampler, which can help sampling device to sample by rotating.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of the research on the siltation of the pressure pipe of hydraulic structures, and particularly relates to a method and device for sampling silted undisturbed soil in a spherical manner. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation and management process of water conservancy projects, local siltation often occurs in the pressure pipe due to long-term use, which causes the monitoring data to be inaccurate. Therefore, silted undisturbed soil in the pressure pipe needs to be collected to study the siltation problem of the pressure pipe, and the physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition of the silted soil are explored through experiments to explore the siltation mechanism.

[0003] In the current sampling work of silted undisturbed soil in the pressure pipe of hydraulic structures, the following problems exist: 1) The diameter of the pressure pipe of hydraulic structures is generally small, usually between 3 and 5 cm, while the diameters of the common drill rig type coring barrel equipment on the market all exceed this range, which directly leads to the inapplicability of traditional equipment in sampling in the pressure pipe; 2) Generally, the buried depth of the pressure pipe of hydraulic structures exceeds 10 m, and its structure is complex, including vertical, horizontal and elbow sections and various forms, which puts high requirements on the flexibility and adaptability of the sampling equipment, making it difficult for the traditional straight rod type sampler to meet the requirements; 3) The silted soil in the pressure pipe is often in a saturated and plastic state, and is easily disturbed during the sampling process, which destroys its undisturbed nature. Therefore, we must use certain technical means to take out a large section of soil sample from the pressure pipe, and then take out the undisturbed section of soil sample from the middle to ensure the integrity and representativeness of the soil sample; 4) According to the latest investigation on the siltation problem of the pressure pipe, the silted material in some sections of the pressure pipe is accumulated relatively deeply, and the sampling device cannot pass through; 5) The sampling device on the market generally first uses a drill to drill a hole, and then samples the accumulated soil in the hole, which is not only complicated to operate, but also prone to inaccurate sampling.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sampling method and device for silted undisturbed soil to overcome the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a sampling method and device for silted undisturbed soil in a spherical manner.

[0006] The sampling device for silted undisturbed soil in a spherical manner comprises a rear cavity and a front cavity, the rear cavity and the front cavity are connected by an axial spring, the end portions of the rear cavity and the front cavity in the horizontal direction are each communicated with a water bag, and the rear cavity and the front cavity are respectively connected with flexible pipes for water filling of the water bags.

[0007] The front cavity is fixedly provided with a rotary motor in front, and the output end of the rotary motor is connected with a spherical gripper through a shaft coupling.

[0008] As preferred, the flexible tube comprises an axial flexible tube, the small spring is fixed at the front end of the axial flexible tube, the axial flexible tube penetrates the rear cavity, the axial spring, the front cavity and the center of the rotary motor in sequence, and the nylon rope extends to the ground through the axial flexible tube.

[0009] As preferred, the hollow structure for placing the small spring is formed in the center of the shaft coupling, the opening diameter of the hollow structure towards the spherical gripper is larger than the diameter of the small spring, and is used for the shrinkage of the rear end of the connecting rod; the front end of the small spring is connected with a closed nylon rope, and the closed nylon rope extends to the ground through the axial flexible tube.

[0010] As preferred, the flexible tube comprises a rear cavity flexible tube and a front cavity flexible tube, both of which penetrate from the inside of the axial spring, one end of the rear cavity flexible tube is communicated with the inside of the rear cavity, and the other end extends to the ground; one end of the front cavity flexible tube penetrates the rear cavity and extends to be communicated with the inside of the front cavity, and the other end extends to the ground.

[0011] As preferred, the rotary motor is circumferentially provided with a plurality of horizontal pipelines communicated to the axial flexible tube, each of the outer walls of the petal structures of the spherical gripper is connected with an opening nylon rope, the opening nylon ropes extend to the axial flexible tube through the horizontal pipelines and are connected into one body, and extend to the ground through the axial flexible tube, and are used for controlling the opening of the spherical gripper.

[0012] As preferred, the surface of the water bag is provided with concave-convex patterns.

[0013] The sampling method for sampling the spherically blocked original soil by using the sampling device comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step one, the sampling device is lowered into the piezometer tube; the water bag connected to the rear cavity by the flexible tube is filled with water, so that the rear cavity is fixed in height in the piezometer tube, and the axial spring is stretched by the gravity of the front cavity and the spherical gripper;

[0015] Step two, the water bag connected to the front cavity by the flexible tube is filled with water, so that the front cavity is fixed in height in the piezometer tube; the water in the water bag connected to the rear cavity is sucked back, and the rear cavity falls under the action of gravity and the pulling force of the axial spring;

[0016] Step three, the water bag connected to the rear cavity is filled with water, and the water bag connected to the front cavity is sucked; steps two and three are repeated, the rear cavity and the front cavity are alternately supported in the piezometer tube, so that the sampling device moves downwards gradually;

[0017] Step four, the spherical gripper closes after grabbing the undisturbed soil in front of the sampling device, and the whole sampling device is pulled up through the flexible tube.

[0018] As preferred, the sampling device moves downward, and the rotary motor controls the rotation of the spherical gripper.

[0019] As preferred, in step four, the nylon rope connected to the outer wall of the spherical gripper is pulled to open the spherical gripper, and then the nylon rope connected to the front end of the small spring is pulled, the small spring shrinks to the rear end, pulls the connecting rod to fold and drive the spherical gripper to close; after the whole sampling device is taken out from the pressure tube, the nylon rope connected to the front end of the small spring is loosened, the small spring supports the connecting rod to open the spherical gripper, and the undisturbed soil is taken out for research.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0021] 1) The present application connects the rear cavity and the front cavity through the axial spring, fills the water bag connected to the rear cavity and the front cavity through the corresponding flexible tube, and alternately supports the pressure tube by using the gravity and the spring compression and recovery deformation, so as to achieve the effect that the sampling device can be fixed and walked in the pressure tube. The axial spring can be bent, so that the sampling device can cope with a certain curved pressure tube.

[0022] 2) The axial flexible tube of the present application is provided with a nylon rope, which can control the opening and closing of the spherical gripper, so as to achieve the purpose of taking out the undisturbed soil sample in the pressure tube; the inner wall of the spherical gripper is connected with a connecting rod, the tail end of the connecting rod is connected to a small spring, the connecting rod closes the spherical gripper after the small spring is shrunk backward by closing the nylon rope, and the small spring automatically pops out after the nylon rope is loosened, and the connecting rod pushes the spherical gripper to open.

[0023] 3) The present application provides a rotary motor and a shaft coupling at the top of the sampler, which can help the sampling device to sample by rotating. When the sampling device encounters a deep accumulation of silt in the pressure tube, the effect of sampling is achieved. The sampler can also take out the large and hard silt in the pressure tube which cannot be cleaned by traditional dredging method, so as to achieve the effect of dredging in the pressure tube.

[0024] 4) The surface of the water bag in contact with the inner wall of the pressure tube in the present application is provided with concave-convex patterns, which effectively increases the friction between the sampling device and the inner wall of the pressure tube, so as to achieve the effect of better fixing the sampling device in the inner wall of the pressure tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sampling device;

[0026] Figure 2Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the sampling device extending into the pressure pipe;

[0027] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sampling device moving above the undisturbed soil;

[0028] Figure 4 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the spherical gripper of the sampling device inserting into the undisturbed soil;

[0029] Figure 5 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the spherical gripper of the sampling device grabbing the undisturbed soil;

[0030] Figure 6 Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of the axis flexible pipe of the sampling device;

[0031] Figure 7 Fig. 6 is a top view of the sampling device.

[0032] Legend: rear cavity flexible pipe 1, axis flexible pipe 2, front cavity flexible pipe 3, rear cavity 31, front cavity 32, water bag 4, axis spring 5, rotary motor 6, coupling 7, small spring 8, nylon rope 9, closed nylon rope 91, open nylon rope 92, connecting rod 10, spherical gripper 11, pressure pipe 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The following examples are only used to help understand the application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the application, a number of modifications can be made to the application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the application.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] As an example, as shown in the figure, the spherical sampling device for sampling the undisturbed soil, comprising: a walking mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an extension mechanism and a sampling mechanism. Figures 1 to 7

[0036] The extension mechanism comprises a rear cavity 31 and a front cavity 32 for bearing water pressure and realizing the walking function, an axis spring 5 for realizing the relative translation and rotation of the front and rear cavities, and a flexible pipe for transmitting water pressure to the front and rear cavities.

[0037] The cross sections of the rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 are both rectangular, and the rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 are connected by the axis spring 5, so that the rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 can be relatively bent, thus being able to cope with a certain degree of pipe bending. The end portions of the rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 in the horizontal direction are each communicated with a water bag 4.

[0038] ​The connecting mechanism includes a flexible tube, a rotary motor 6, and a coupling 7. The rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 are respectively connected to flexible tubes. Specifically, the flexible tubes include a rear cavity flexible tube 1 and a front cavity flexible tube 3. Both the rear cavity flexible tube 1 and the front cavity flexible tube 3 pass through the inside of the axial spring 5.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rear cavity flexible tube 1 is located on the right side of the axis, with one end communicating with the interior of the rear cavity 31 and the other end extending to the ground; the front cavity flexible tube 3 is located on the left side, extending through the rear cavity 31 to communicate with the interior of the front cavity 32, with the other end extending to the ground. The front cavity flexible tube 3 and the interior of the rear cavity 31 are not connected. Figure 7 As shown, the rear cavity 31 of the telescopic mechanism has a through pipe on the axis position and the left side of the axis position from the top surface to the bottom surface, and a partition is set to separate the water in the flexible pipe 3 of the front cavity from the water in the rear cavity 31.

[0040] Used to fill the water bladder 4 with water; after the water bladder 4 is filled and expanded, it presses against the inner wall of the pressure measuring tube 12. The surface of the water bladder 4 is provided with concave and convex patterns to increase friction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the sampling mechanism is a spherical gripper 11. A rotary motor 6 is fixedly installed in front of the front cavity 32. The output end of the rotary motor 6 is connected to the spherical gripper 11 through a coupling 7. When encountering deep blockages in the pipeline, the spherical gripper 11 can be rotated into the blockage by applying torque to it. This sampling method causes little disturbance to the soil sample and facilitates subsequent testing and experimentation on the soil properties of the undisturbed soil sample.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] As another embodiment, this embodiment two proposes a more specific spherical sampling device for taking undisturbed soil from siltation, based on embodiment one.

[0044] The spherical gripper 11 is divided into four segments, each hinged to the coupling 7. The flexible tube includes the axial flexible tube 2, such as... Figure 6 As shown, a small spring 8 is fixed at the front end of the axial flexible tube 2. The axial flexible tube 2 passes through the center of the rear cavity 31, the axial spring 5, the front cavity 32 and the rotary motor 6 in sequence, and the axial flexible tube 2 is fixed. A hollow structure for placing the small spring 8 is opened in the center of the coupling 7. The tail end of the small spring 8 is fixed. The front end of the small spring 8 is hinged to the inner wall of the spherical gripper 11 through the connecting rod 10. Nylon ropes 9 are connected to the front end of the small spring 8 and the outer wall of the spherical gripper 11 respectively. The nylon ropes 9 are threaded through the axial flexible tube 2 and extend to the ground. The nylon ropes 9 are high-strength nylon ropes.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotating motor 6 is circumferentially provided with four horizontal pipes connected to the axial flexible tube 2, and each petal structure of the spherical gripper 11 is connected with a nylon rope 92 for opening, which is connected to the axial flexible tube 2 through the horizontal pipe and extends to the ground through the axial flexible tube 2, and is used for controlling the opening of the spherical gripper 11.

[0046] The opening diameter of the hollow structure towards the spherical gripper 11 is greater than the diameter of the small spring 8, so that the rear end of the connecting rod 10 can be retracted by a certain distance after folding; the front end of the small spring 8 is connected with a closing nylon rope 91, which extends to the ground through the axial flexible tube 2.

[0047] The force is applied to the nylon rope 9 in the axial flexible tube 2, so as to control the closing of the sampler, and after the soil sample is taken, the axial flexible tube 2 is used to pull out the sampler together with the telescopic mechanism.

[0048] It should be noted that the same or similar parts in this embodiment and embodiment one can be mutually referred to, and will not be described herein.

[0049] Embodiment three

[0050] As another embodiment, this embodiment three proposes a method for taking the ball-shaped clogging undisturbed soil using the sampling device based on the embodiments one and two, which comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step one, the sampling device is lowered into the piezometer tube 12 as shown in Figure 2 ; the water bag 4 connected to the rear cavity 31 of the flexible tube is filled with water, so that the rear cavity 31 is fixed in height in the piezometer tube 12, and the axial spring 5 is stretched by the gravity of the front cavity 32 and the spherical gripper 11;

[0052] Step two, the water bag 4 connected to the front cavity 32 of the flexible tube is filled with water, so that the front cavity 32 is fixed in height in the piezometer tube 12; the water in the water bag 4 connected to the rear cavity 31 is sucked back, and the rear cavity 31 falls under the action of gravity and the tension of the axial spring 5;

[0053] Step three, the water bag 4 connected to the rear cavity 31 is filled with water, and the water bag 4 connected to the front cavity 32 is sucked; steps two and three are repeated, the rear cavity 31 and the front cavity 32 are alternately supported in the piezometer tube 12, based on the principle of atmospheric pressure and the principle of matter motion, so that the sampling device moves downward gradually, reaches the sampling position by applying pressure source to the flexible tubes on the left and right sides of the axial line, and the spherical gripper 11 enters the clogging soil as shown in Figure 4 ; during the process of gradually moving downward of the sampling device, the rotating motor 6 can also be started to control the rotation of the spherical gripper 11.

[0054] Step four, the spherical gripper 11 takes the sample device front end of the silted undisturbed soil and closes, such as Figure 5 As shown, the whole sample device is pulled out from the piezometer tube 12 through the flexible tube.

[0055] Specifically, pull the nylon rope 9 connected to the outer wall of the spherical gripper 11 to open the spherical gripper 11, then pull the nylon rope 9 connected to the front end of the small spring 8, the small spring 8 shrinks to the rear end, pulls the connecting rod 10 to fold and drive the spherical gripper 11 to close; after the whole sample device is pulled out from the piezometer tube 12, loosen the nylon rope 9 connected to the front end of the small spring 8, the small spring 8 pops out, supports the connecting rod 10, opens the spherical gripper 11, takes out the silted undisturbed soil, and then takes out the smaller undisturbed soil in the middle disturbed section for research.

[0056] Example four

[0057] As another embodiment, this embodiment four is based on example three, this sample device can also be used as a piezometer dredging device, through the spherical gripper 11 to clamp and pull out the larger and harder silted material in the piezometer, to achieve the effect of piezometer dredging.

[0058] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device of the ball type for sampling undisturbed soil, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a sampling device for sampling the original state soil in the process of waterlogging, which comprises: a rear cavity and a front cavity, the rear cavity and the front cavity are connected by an axial spring, the end of the rear cavity and the front cavity in the horizontal direction is communicated with a water bag respectively, the rear cavity and the front cavity are respectively connected with flexible pipes for filling the water bag with water; a rotary motor is fixedly arranged in front of the front cavity, the output end of the rotary motor is connected with a spherical gripper through a shaft coupling, the spherical gripper is divided into several petals and is hingedly connected to the shaft coupling, the shaft coupling is hollow in the center and vertically provided with a small spring, the front end of the small spring is connected to the inner wall of the spherical gripper through a connecting rod, the front end of the small spring and the outer wall of the spherical gripper are respectively connected with nylon ropes, and the nylon ropes extend to the ground.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The flexible pipe comprises an axial flexible pipe, the small spring is fixed to the front end of the axial flexible pipe, the axial flexible pipe penetrates the rear cavity, the axial spring, the front cavity and the center of the rotary motor in sequence, and the nylon ropes extend to the ground by being arranged in the axial flexible pipe.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein The shaft coupling is provided with a hollow structure in the center for placing the small spring, the opening diameter of the end of the hollow structure, which faces the spherical gripper, is larger than the diameter of the small spring, so as to allow the rear end of the connecting rod to be retracted; the front end of the small spring is connected with a closed nylon rope, and the closed nylon rope extends to the ground through the axial flexible pipe.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein The flexible pipe comprises a rear cavity flexible pipe and a front cavity flexible pipe, the rear cavity flexible pipe and the front cavity flexible pipe both penetrate the inside of the axial spring, one end of the rear cavity flexible pipe is communicated with the inside of the rear cavity, and the other end extends to the ground; one end of the front cavity flexible pipe penetrates the rear cavity and extends to be communicated with the inside of the front cavity, and the other end extends to the ground.

5. The device according to claim 2, wherein The rotary motor is circumferentially provided with a plurality of horizontal pipelines which are communicated with the axial flexible pipe, each petal structure of the spherical gripper is connected with an opening nylon rope, the opening nylon ropes extend to the axial flexible pipe through the horizontal pipelines and are connected into one body, and the opening nylon ropes extend to the ground through the axial flexible pipe, so as to control the opening of the spherical gripper.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a ball-type soil sampler. The surface of the water bag 4 is provided with concave-convex patterns.

7. A method of sampling ball-type undisturbed soil using the sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a sampling device for sampling the original state soil in the process of waterlogging, which comprises: step one, lowering the sampling device into the piezometer tube; filling the water bag connected with the rear cavity with water through the flexible pipe, so that the height of the rear cavity in the piezometer tube is fixed, and the axial spring is stretched by the gravity of the front cavity and the spherical gripper; step two, filling the water bag connected with the front cavity with water through the flexible pipe, so that the height of the front cavity in the piezometer tube is fixed; sucking back the water in the water bag connected with the rear cavity, and the rear cavity falls under the action of gravity and the pulling force of the axial spring; step three, filling the water bag connected with the rear cavity with water, and sucking the water in the water bag connected with the front cavity; repeating step two and step three, so that the rear cavity and the front cavity are alternately supported in the piezometer tube, and the sampling device is gradually moved downwards; step four, closing the spherical gripper after the spherical gripper grasps the original state soil at the front end of the sampling device, and pulling the sampling device as a whole through the flexible pipe to take out the sampling device from the piezometer tube.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the soil sample is obtained by a ball-type sampler. In the process of gradually moving the sampling device downwards, the rotary motor controls the spherical gripper to rotate and drill downwards.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the soil sample is obtained by a ball-type sampler. In step four, the nylon rope connected to the outer wall of the spherical gripper is pulled to open the spherical gripper, then the nylon rope connected to the front end of the small spring is pulled, the small spring is retracted towards the rear end, the connecting rod is retracted and the spherical gripper is closed; after the sampling device is taken out from the piezometer tube as a whole, the nylon rope connected to the front end of the small spring is loosened, the small spring supports the connecting rod, so that the spherical gripper is opened, and the original state soil is taken out for research.

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