A kind of humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and specifically relates to a humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof; the invention can increase the nutrient content of soil, help plants to better absorb minerals and trace elements, improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, reduce fertilizer loss, and promote the healthy growth of plants; the invention can easily enter the cells through the root cell membrane of crops, and meet the nutrient requirements of crop growth; at the same time, the invention can stimulate the physiological metabolic process of crops, promote crop growth and development, improve the soil ecological environment, promote the reproduction and activity of soil microorganisms, thereby improving the soil nutrient cycle, and inhibit the reproduction of harmful pathogens, and enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular relates to a humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Organic water-soluble fertilizer is an organic fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water. It uses natural organic matter as raw material and is processed through special technology. During the processing, these raw materials will be decomposed into highly active small-molecule organic substances through microbial fermentation technology or enzymatic hydrolysis technology, and compounded with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron and other trace elements to form a fully water-soluble, highly concentrated, multifunctional, and fully nutritious new fertilizer product. Organic water-soluble fertilizer plays an important role in improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting soil ecological environment with its unique composition and mechanism of action. In the future agricultural development, as people pay more and more attention to environmental protection and health, the application prospects of organic water-soluble fertilizers will be broader.

[0003] Existing organic water-soluble fertilizers are prone to fertility loss during use because of their good water solubility, and continuous fertilization is required to maintain the original effect. Excessive fertilization can cause soil compaction in cultivated land, and a series of problems such as reduced fertility in cultivated land. The Chinese patent with publication number CN116903424A discloses a method of using a synergist to improve the fertility of organic water-soluble fertilizers, which can significantly improve the stress resistance and yield of crops, but the problem of fertility loss has not been solved. The Chinese patent with publication number CN118108553A uses seaweed extract to accelerate the release of fertility in organic water-soluble fertilizers, and long-term use will cause the fertility of cultivated land to decrease faster. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an organic water-soluble fertilizer that can fully supplement the organic components of cultivated land soil and can significantly improve crop yield without causing soil compaction.

[0004] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer, which can help plants better absorb minerals and trace elements to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce fertilizer loss, improve soil ecological environment, promote the reproduction and activity of soil microorganisms, and thus improve soil nutrient circulation.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following percentage ingredients: 20-50% biomass organic matter, 15-20% humic acid, 6-10% potassium sulfate, 12-20% urea, 6-10% monocalcium phosphate, 6-10% monopotassium phosphate, 1-2% chelated zinc, 1-2% chelated iron, 1-2% chelated copper, 1-2% indoleacetic acid, and 1-2% plant growth factor.

[0008] The biomass organic matter is prepared from seaweed, shrimp and crab shells, honey fermentation concentrate, low-fat fish, pomace, corn pulp, soybean meal and other domestic wastes, and the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0009] A1: Pour the biomass waste into the degradation tank, add water and degradation bacteria (10-20 kg per ton of raw materials, where the degradation bacteria are lactic acid bacteria and yeast, and the mass ratio of lactic acid bacteria to yeast is 1:1), stir evenly, and degrade for 15-20 days to obtain biomass waste liquid;

[0010] A2: Add alumina to the biomass wastewater for flocculation and sedimentation. Stir for 1-2 hours and then let it settle for 2-4 hours. After settling, remove the solid precipitate.

[0011] A3: Add the solid precipitate to the degradation tank repeatedly, repeat steps A1-A2, and repeat 1-2 times;

[0012] A4: Pump the settled biomass waste liquid into a coarse material separator with a 10mm filter screen to remove large particles and coarse fibers in the biomass waste liquid by physical filtration;

[0013] A5: Pump the biomass waste liquid after removing large particles and coarse fibers into the homogenizer, and set the speed to 1000-1800rpm. Stir for 1-2 hours to evenly stir the biomass waste liquid so that it forms a stable suspension to ensure the stability of the physical properties of the material;

[0014] A6: Pump the biomass suspension into the preheater, set the temperature to 70-90°C, preheat for 1-2h, and then pump it into the pyrolysis reactor;

[0015] A7: Add copper hydroxide into the pyrolysis reactor to catalytically decompose the biomass waste liquid, while killing and decomposing the pollutants attached to the biomass;

[0016] A8: The waste liquid after the pyrolysis reactor treatment is pumped into a fine matter separator equipped with a 2 mm filter screen to remove fine particles and fine fibers;

[0017] A9: Pump the waste liquid treated in the above steps into an air-drying sedimentation tank, air-dry and precipitate for 3-5 days, and collect the precipitated biomass organic matter.

[0018] Furthermore, the degradation bacteria in step A1 are lactic acid bacteria and yeast in a ratio of 1:1;

[0019] Furthermore, a method for preparing humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0020] B1: Send biomass organic matter, humic acid, potassium sulfate, urea, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate into a mixing device, add organic biological composite fermentation bacteria (0.5-1kg per ton of raw materials), roughly adjust the moisture content of the raw materials to 60-65%, set the speed of the mixing device to 200-300rpm, and stir for 1-2h;

[0021] B2: The mixed raw materials are transported to the fermentation workshop by a loader to form a fermentation pile. The fermentation takes 40-60 days. The pile is turned every 2 days. Water is continuously added to control the moisture content to 60-65%. The temperature of the fermentation workshop is adjusted to control the temperature of the fermentation pile to 50-65°C. Ammonia water is used to adjust the pH of the fermentation pile to 6.8-7.5. After the fermentation is completed, a semi-finished fertilizer is obtained;

[0022] B3: Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the semi-finished fertilizer product. When the temperature drops to 40-45°C, add rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Add 50-100g per ton of semi-finished fertilizer product, with the mass ratio of rhizobia to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria being 1:1.

[0023] B4: The semi-finished fertilizer product is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is set to 0.32-1.27 cm, and then sent to a dryer for drying for 2-3 hours to obtain fertilizer granules;

[0024] B5: Add fertilizer granules into a mixing and stirring device and add chelated zinc, chelated iron, chelated copper, indoleacetic acid and plant growth factor, set the speed to 200-300rpm, stir for 1-2h, and after stirring, divide and store it into a warehouse to obtain a humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0025] Furthermore, the organic biological composite fermentation bacteria are Streptomyces, alcohol yeast, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, and their mass ratio is 3:2:2:3; the chelated zinc is EDTA chelated zinc, the chelated iron is EDDHA chelated iron, and the chelated copper is EDTA-Cu-6 which is fully soluble copper; the plant growth factors are glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline and arginine, and their ratio is 3:2:2:3.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can improve the water retention capacity and air permeability of the soil, improve the soil structure, and thus promote plant growth; and can increase the nutrient content of the soil, and help plants better absorb minerals and trace elements, improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, reduce fertilizer loss, and promote healthy plant growth; the nutrients of the present invention exist in the form of ions or molecules, so that the nutrients can be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, the utilization rate of nutrients is improved and it is easy to enter the cells through the root cell membrane of crops, and meet the nutrient needs of crop growth; the present invention can stimulate the physiological metabolic process of crops and promote crop growth and development; in addition, it can also improve the soil ecological environment, promote the reproduction and activity of soil microorganisms, and thus improve the soil nutrient cycle. At the same time, the increase in beneficial microorganisms can also inhibit the reproduction of harmful pathogens and enhance the stress and disease resistance of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials and reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial channels. Example 1

[0029] 1: Collect 500kg of biomass waste such as kelp, ascophyllum, kelp, shrimp and crab shells, and crop waste, and use a crusher to crush them into fine particles;

[0030] 2: Pour 500kg of biomass waste into the degradation tank, add 100L of domestic water, 10kg of lactic acid bacteria and 10kg of yeast, stir evenly, and degrade for 20 days to obtain biomass waste liquid;

[0031] 3: Add 20 kg of alumina to the biomass waste liquid for flocculation and sedimentation, stir for 2 hours, turn off the stirrer, let it stand for sedimentation, the sedimentation time is 4 hours, and remove the solid precipitate after sedimentation;

[0032] 4: Add the solid precipitate to the degradation tank repeatedly, repeat steps 2 and 3, and repeat once;

[0033] 5: Pump the settled biomass waste liquid into a large material separator equipped with a 10mm filter screen, and remove large particulate matter and coarse fibers in the biomass waste liquid by physical filtration;

[0034] 6: Pump the biomass waste liquid after removing large particles and coarse fibers into the homogenizer, set the speed to 1800rpm, stir for 2h, stir the biomass waste liquid evenly so that the biomass waste liquid forms a stable suspension, and ensure the stability of the physical properties of the material;

[0035] 7: Pump the biomass suspension into the preheater, set the temperature to 80°C, preheat for 1 hour, and then pump it into the pyrolysis reactor;

[0036] 8: Add 500g of copper hydroxide into the pyrolysis reactor to decompose the biomass waste liquid and kill and decompose the pollutants attached to the biomass;

[0037] 9: Pump the waste liquid after the pyrolysis reactor into a fine matter separator equipped with a 2mm filter screen to remove fine particles and fine fibers;

[0038] 10: The waste liquid treated in the above steps was pumped into an air-drying sedimentation tank, air-dried and precipitated for 3 days, and the precipitated biomass organic matter was collected to obtain 150 kg of biomass organic matter.

[0039] Table 1, reagent parameters used in Example 1

[0040] Example 2

[0041] 1: 40kg of biomass organic matter, 40kg of humic acid, 20kg of potassium sulfate, 40kg of urea, 20kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and 20kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate were fed into a mixing device, and 18g of Streptomyces, 12g of alcohol yeast, 12g of lactic acid bacteria, and 18g of nitrifying bacteria were added. The moisture content of the raw materials was roughly adjusted to 60-65%, and the speed of the mixing device was set to 300rpm and stirred for 2h;

[0042] 2: Use a loader to transport the mixed raw materials to the fermentation workshop and pile them into a fermentation pile. Ferment for 40 days, turn the pile every 2 days, continue to add water, control the moisture content to 60-65%, adjust the temperature of the fermentation workshop, control the temperature of the fermentation pile to 50-65℃, use ammonia water to adjust the pH of the fermentation pile to 6.8-7.5, and obtain a semi-finished fertilizer after fermentation;

[0043] 3: Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the semi-finished fertilizer. When the temperature drops to 40°C, add 10g of rhizobia and 10g of phosphate-dissolving bacteria;

[0044] 4: The semi-finished fertilizer product is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is set to 0.32-1.27 cm, and then sent to a dryer for drying for 3 hours to obtain fertilizer granules;

[0045] 5: Add the fertilizer granules into a mixing and stirring device and add 2kg EDTA chelated zinc, 2kg EDDHA chelated iron, 2kg EDTA-Cu-6, 2kg indoleacetic acid, 600g glutamic acid, 400g aspartic acid, 400g proline, and 600g arginine. Set the speed to 300rpm and stir for 2h. After stirring, Example 2 is obtained.

[0046] Table 2, reagent parameters used in Example 2

[0047]

[0048] Table 3, organic fertilizer parameters prepared in Example 2

[0049] Example 3

[0050] 20-50% biomass organic matter, 15-20% humic acid, 6-10% potassium sulfate, 12-20% urea, 6-10% monocalcium phosphate, 6-10% monopotassium phosphate, 1-2% chelated zinc, 1-2% chelated iron, 1-2% chelated copper, 1-2% indoleacetic acid, 1-2% plant growth factor.

[0051] 1: 100kg biomass organic matter, 30kg humic acid, 12kg potassium sulfate, 24kg urea, 12kg calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and 12kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate are fed into a mixing device, and 18g Streptomyces, 12g alcohol yeast, 12g lactic acid bacteria, and 18g nitrifying bacteria are added. The moisture content of the raw materials is roughly adjusted to 60-65%, and the speed of the mixing device is set to 300rpm and stirred for 2h;

[0052] 2: Use a loader to transport the mixed raw materials to the fermentation workshop and pile them into a fermentation pile. Ferment for 40 days, turn the pile every 2 days, continue to add water, control the moisture content to 60-65%, adjust the temperature of the fermentation workshop, control the temperature of the fermentation pile to 50-65℃, use ammonia water to adjust the pH of the fermentation pile to 6.8-7.5, and obtain a semi-finished fertilizer after fermentation;

[0053] 3: Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the semi-finished fertilizer. When the temperature drops to 40°C, add 10g of rhizobia and 10g of phosphate-dissolving bacteria;

[0054] 4: The semi-finished fertilizer product is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is set to 0.32-1.27 cm, and then sent to a dryer for drying for 3 hours to obtain fertilizer granules;

[0055] 5: Add the fertilizer granules into a mixing and stirring device and add 4kg EDTA chelated zinc, 4kg EDDHA chelated iron, 4kg EDTA-Cu-6, 4kg indoleacetic acid, 1.2kg glutamic acid, 0.8kg aspartic acid, 0.8kg proline, and 1.2kg arginine. Set the speed to 300rpm and stir for 2h. After stirring, Example 3 is obtained.

[0056] Table 4, reagent parameters used in Example 2

[0057]

[0058] Table 5, organic fertilizer parameters prepared in Example 3

[0059]

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] Example 1 of Chinese patent publication number CN118108553A was selected as comparative example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Example 1 of the Chinese patent with publication number CN116903424A was selected as comparative example 2.

[0064] Film forming and storage test:

[0065] Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were added with water to prepare 0.1% foliar fertilizer, which was sprayed on spinach leaves. After 1 hour of spraying, the stomatal aperture of the spinach leaves after the foliar fertilizer was sprayed was observed using an optical microscope, with clean water as a control. The water-soluble fertilizers prepared in Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were packaged and placed at 15°C and 40°C for 180 days, and the physical properties and packaging of the water-soluble fertilizers were checked.

[0066] Table 6, Film-forming and storage test results

[0067]

[0068] Soil Porosity Test:

[0069] The experimental area is located in the experimental field of Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province. The experiment is carried out on rice. The seedlings are selected on April 27, 2023, transplanting on June 4, and initial harvest on October 6.

[0070] The test was divided into 5 groups, each group was set up with 3 areas to repeat the experiment, with an area of ​​10m*10m. A total of 15 areas were randomly distributed in the test field, and Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were respectively configured with 400 times liquid and agricultural water as the control group, sprayed once a week. Except for the different tested fertilizers, other agronomic measures were completely consistent. The soil porosity was determined by the ring knife method, and the calculation formula was: soil porosity = [1-(bulk density / specific gravity)] * 100%, where the soil specific gravity is 2.63g / cm 3 .

[0071] Table 7. Organic matter content of tested soil

[0072]

[0073] Table 8, Soil porosity test results

[0074]

[0075] Rice nutrient absorption experiment:

[0076] At different stages of rice growth: tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage, filling stage and maturity stage, 5 rice seedlings with obvious stage characteristics were selected to measure the fresh weight and plant height, and the results were averaged.

[0077] Table 9, fresh weight test results of rice nutrient absorption experiment (g / plant)

[0078]

[0079] Table 10, Plant height test results of rice nutrient absorption experiment (cm / plant)

[0080]

[0081] Rice yield test:

[0082] According to the zoning principle, rice yields in each area are collected for yield testing

[0083] Table 11, Rice yield test results

[0084]

[0085] According to the above performance test results, the water-soluble organic fertilizers prepared in Example 2 and Example 3 have better soil porosity and field test results.

[0086] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: 20-50% biomass organic matter, 15-20% humic acid, 6-10% potassium sulfate, 12-20% urea, 6-10% monocalcium phosphate, 6-10% monopotassium phosphate, 1-2% chelated zinc, 1-2% chelated iron, 1-2% chelated copper, 1-2% indoleacetic acid, 1-2% plant growth factor; The biomass organic matter is prepared from any domestic waste selected from seaweed, shrimp and crab shells, honey fermentation concentrate, low-fat fish, pomace, corn pulp or soybean meal, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: A1: Pour the biomass waste into the degradation tank, add water and degradation bacteria, add 10-20 kg per ton of raw materials, where the degradation bacteria are lactic acid bacteria and yeast, the mass ratio of lactic acid bacteria to yeast is 1:1, stir evenly, and degrade for 15-20 days to obtain biomass waste liquid; A2: Add alumina to the biomass wastewater for flocculation and sedimentation. Stir for 1-2 hours and then let it settle for 2-4 hours. After settling, remove the solid precipitate. A3: Add the solid precipitate to the degradation tank repeatedly, repeat steps A1-A2, and repeat 1-2 times; A4: Pump the settled biomass waste liquid into a coarse material separator with a 10mm filter screen to remove large particles and coarse fibers in the biomass waste liquid by physical filtration; A5: Pump the biomass waste liquid after large particles and coarse fibers are removed into the homogenizer, set the speed to 1000-1800rpm, stir for 1-2h, stir the biomass waste liquid evenly so that the biomass waste liquid forms a stable suspension, and ensure the stability of the physical properties of the material; A6: Pump the biomass suspension into the preheater, set the temperature to 70-90°C, preheat for 1-2h, and then pump it into the pyrolysis reactor; A7: Add copper hydroxide into the pyrolysis reactor to catalytically decompose the biomass waste liquid, while killing and decomposing the pollutants attached to the biomass; A8: The waste liquid after the pyrolysis reactor treatment is pumped into a fine matter separator equipped with a 2 mm filter screen to remove fine particles and fine fibers; A9: Pump the waste liquid treated in the above steps into an air-drying sedimentation tank, air-dry and precipitate for 3-5 days, and collect the precipitated biomass organic matter; The chelated zinc is EDTA chelated zinc; The chelated iron is EDDHA chelated iron; The chelated copper is EDTA-Cu-6 fully soluble copper; The plant growth factors are glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline and arginine, and the ratio thereof is 3:2:2:

3.

2. A method for preparing humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: B1: Biomass organic matter, humic acid, potassium sulfate, urea, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are fed into a mixing device, and organic biological composite fermentation bacteria are added, 0.5-1kg per ton of raw materials, the composite fermentation bacteria are Streptomyces, alcohol yeast, lactic acid bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, and the mass ratio is 3:2:2:

3. The moisture content of the raw materials is roughly adjusted to 60-65%, and the speed of the mixing device is set to 200-300rpm, and the stirring is carried out for 1-2h; B2: The mixed raw materials are transported to the fermentation workshop by a loader to form a fermentation pile. The fermentation takes 40-60 days. The pile is turned every 2 days. Water is continuously added to control the moisture content to 60-65%. The temperature of the fermentation workshop is adjusted to control the temperature of the fermentation pile to 50-65°C. Ammonia water is used to adjust the pH of the fermentation pile to 6.8-7.

5. After the fermentation is completed, a semi-finished fertilizer is obtained; B3: Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of the semi-finished fertilizer product. When the temperature drops to 40-45°C, add rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Add 50-100g per ton of semi-finished fertilizer product, with the mass ratio of rhizobia to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria being 1:

1. B4: The semi-finished fertilizer product is sent to a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is set to 0.32-1.27 cm, and then sent to a dryer for drying for 2-3 hours to obtain fertilizer granules; B5: Add fertilizer granules into a mixing and stirring device and add chelated zinc, chelated iron, chelated copper, indoleacetic acid and plant growth factor, set the speed to 200-300rpm, stir for 1-2h, and after stirring, divide and store it into a warehouse to obtain a humic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer.

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