A long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator and its control method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of impact testing technology and discloses a long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator and its control method. The device includes an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, a fast-response pressure relief device, an accelerated object, and a launch tube connected in sequence. The fast-response pressure relief device includes a pressure regulating chamber connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the accelerated object, respectively. A diaphragm is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator. A pressure limiting element is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the accelerated object. A pressure storage tank is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure storage tank are connected through an ultra-high pressure valve. When launch is required, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber is reduced. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly, thereby breaking the pressure limiting element and propelling the accelerated object to accelerate. A control method is also provided. This device and method are suitable for ultra-high acceleration and can precisely control the pressure relief process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of impact testing technology, and particularly relates to a long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional acceleration devices typically use a power source (such as electromagnetic force or high-pressure gas) to accelerate objects requiring high acceleration. When the accelerated object needs to be accelerated to extremely high speeds, the system usually needs to generate enormous thrust instantaneously, with power reaching several gigawatts. Currently, most electric acceleration devices use power sources with several gigawatts of power and scale that are virtually impossible to achieve. For explosive impact acceleration, the high acceleration duration is only on the order of microseconds, and the temperature of the released gas reaches several thousand degrees Celsius, making it impossible to maintain high pressure and reducing the safety of the device. Traditional rocket engine gas generators typically operate at pressures of only around 10 MPa and, like explosive impacts, use pyrotechnics, releasing gas temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees Celsius, further reducing the safety of the device. When using compressed air to drive the acceleration, a pressure of several hundred megapascals is required for continuous acceleration. On the one hand, it is difficult to generate compressed air at several hundred megapascals; on the other hand, the high-pressure air power source rapidly decays after generating explosive driving force, making it impossible to maintain high pressure and resulting in acceleration durations that do not meet requirements. Meanwhile, for high-pressure gas-driven acceleration methods, traditional depressurization is achieved through valve control. However, even the fastest valves with diameters in the hundreds of milliseconds have a full-opening time on the order of tens or hundreds of milliseconds. For high-pressure gas acceleration methods with low pressurization rates, traditional depressurization diaphragms are prone to localized rupture and pressure release, preventing the diaphragm from fully opening or opening quickly enough, resulting in insufficient thrust on the accelerated object. Therefore, the energy storage units of traditional devices are almost incapable of meeting the demands of long-duration, high-acceleration systems.

[0003] CN118483083A discloses an experimental apparatus and method for multi-effect coupling of shock wave loading and collision loading. Specifically, it includes a high-pressure gas chamber, a transmitting tube, a transmitting membrane, a shock tube, a shock wave generating membrane, and a collision body. After the high-pressure gas breaks through the transmitting membrane, it propels the collision body forward. Then, due to the shock wave generating membrane, the high-pressure gas is continuously pressurized within the transmitting tube. When the shock wave generating membrane reaches its destructive limit pressure, it breaks through the membrane, loading a shock wave onto the structure under test. Simultaneously, the collision body continues to move forward, acting on the structure under test, thus achieving collision loading. However, the high-pressure gas chamber in CN118483083A is connected to a high-pressure gas cylinder via a high-pressure gas pipe, and the pressure is very limited due to the high-pressure gas cylinder. Furthermore, there is only one diaphragm between the high-pressure gas chamber and the collision body, requiring extremely high precision in the diaphragm's manufacturing process to achieve high-precision pressure release control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the background art above, and to provide a long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device and its control method suitable for ultra-high acceleration and capable of precise control of the decompression process. To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A long-duration ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator includes an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, a fast-response pressure relief device, an accelerated object, and a launch tube connected in sequence. The fast-response pressure relief device includes a pressure regulating chamber connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the accelerated object, respectively. A diaphragm is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator. A pressure limiting component is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the accelerated object. A pressure storage tank is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure storage tank are connected via an ultra-high pressure valve. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to reduce the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and thus break the pressure limiting component, thereby propelling the accelerated object to accelerate within the acceleration section of the launch tube.

[0006] In one embodiment, the diaphragm is provided with a first preset depth groove, the pressure limiting member is a ring shear member located at the tail of the accelerated object and integrated with the accelerated object, the ring shear member is provided with a second preset depth groove, and the pressure regulating chamber is provided with a charging port for charging high-pressure gas into the pressure regulating chamber. During launch, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to rapidly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber to the pressure storage tank. The pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the diaphragm, the diaphragm rapidly opens, the ultra-high pressure CO2 in the gas generator rapidly expands and enters the pressure regulating chamber in the form of a high-speed jet, the pressure regulating chamber rapidly increases to a pressure greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the ring shear member, and after the ring shear member is destroyed, the high-pressure gas propels the accelerated object to accelerate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the diaphragm is provided with a first preset depth groove, the pressure limiting member is a second diaphragm, the second diaphragm is provided with a third preset depth groove, a primary chamber is provided between the pressure limiting member and the accelerated object, and the pressure regulating chamber is provided with an inflation port for filling the pressure regulating chamber with high-pressure gas. During launch, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to rapidly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber to the storage tank. The pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is greater than the ultimate pressure of the diaphragm, the diaphragm rapidly opens, and the ultra-high pressure CO2 in the gas generator rapidly expands and enters the pressure regulating chamber in the form of a high-speed jet. The pressure regulating chamber is rapidly pressurized to a pressure greater than the ultimate pressure of the second diaphragm. After the second diaphragm is destroyed, the high-pressure gas propels the accelerated object to accelerate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is filled with solid CO2 or liquid CO2, and the solid CO2 or liquid CO2 is converted into supercritical CO2 by constant volume increase in temperature and pressure through electric heating.

[0009] In one embodiment, a high-pressure pneumatic damping system is also included, which is connected to an exhaust device and a deceleration device. One end of the exhaust device is connected to the acceleration section of the launch tube, and the other end of the exhaust device is connected to the deceleration device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the exhaust device includes an absorbing tank and an air storage tank that are connected to each other by a hose. The absorbing tank is provided with a pressure-reducing pipe that is connected to the acceleration section of the launch tube. The pressure-reducing pipe has an opening on its wall to release pressure to the space outside the pressure-reducing pipe in the absorbing tank and to the air storage tank. The inner walls of the absorbing tank and the air storage tank are provided with porous sound-absorbing and noise-absorbing material.

[0011] In one embodiment, the deceleration device includes a high-pressure gas recovery pipe connected to the pressure-reducing pipe via a hose and a U-shaped pipe disposed on the side wall of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe and connecting the front and rear ends of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe. A low-pressure diaphragm is disposed between the pressure-reducing pipe and the high-pressure gas recovery pipe.

[0012] In one embodiment, the end of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe is connected to a recovery tank, and a safety valve is provided on the side wall of the recovery tank. An emergency braking device is provided at the end of the recovery tank.

[0013] In one embodiment, the system also includes a support base disposed at the end of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and a control system fixed on the support base.

[0014] Based on a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a time-series ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device as described above, comprising:

[0015] Add solid or liquid CO2 to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator;

[0016] High-pressure gas is introduced into the pressure regulating chamber;

[0017] Heating solid or liquid CO2 in an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator to form supercritical CO2, thereby obtaining ultra-high pressure;

[0018] Opening the ultra-high pressure valve releases the high-pressure gas from the pressure regulating chamber into the storage tank, reducing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber then breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and break the pressure limiting component, thereby propelling the accelerated object to accelerate in the acceleration section of the launch tube.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The long-sequence ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device of this application includes an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, a fast response pressure relief device, an accelerated object, and a launch tube connected in sequence. The fast response pressure relief device includes a pressure regulating chamber connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the accelerated object, respectively. A diaphragm is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator. A pressure limiting component is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the accelerated object. A pressure storage tank is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure storage tank are connected through an ultra-high pressure valve. The pressure regulating chamber has an inlet for charging high-pressure gas into the pressure regulating chamber. When launch is required, the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber is reduced. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure of the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and thus break the pressure limiting component, thereby propelling the accelerated object to accelerate in the acceleration section of the launch tube. In the long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator and its control method of this application, when not activated, the pressure regulating chamber is filled with high-pressure gas. During the pressurization process of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, the pressure between the two can reach a stable balance, so that the diaphragm will not be damaged. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened. After the excitation command is given, the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber can be released to the storage tank within a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds. That is to say, the pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator increases instantaneously, the diaphragm opens rapidly without deviation, and the ultra-high pressure of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is rapidly released (a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds) to the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure in the pressure regulating chamber is higher than the ultimate pressure of the pressure limiting component, thereby further damaging the pressure limiting component, causing the accelerated object to detach and accelerate in the acceleration section inside the launch tube under high pressure conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator device according to one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fast-response pressure relief device of a long-time ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator device according to one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the fast-response pressure relief device of a long-time ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator device according to another embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front-end structure of a long-time ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator device according to one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the exhaust device structure of a long-time ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator device according to one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure aerodynamic damping system of a long-time ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-6 A long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator includes an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1, a fast-response pressure relief device 2, an accelerated object 3, and a launch tube 4 connected in sequence. The fast-response pressure relief device 2 includes a pressure regulating chamber 20 connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 and the accelerated object 3, respectively. A diaphragm 22 is provided between the pressure regulating chamber 20 and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1, and a pressure limiting element 24 is provided between the pressure regulating chamber 20 and the accelerated object 3. A pressure storage tank 26 is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber 20, and the pressure regulating chamber 20 and the pressure storage tank 26 are connected by an ultra-high pressure valve 28. The pressure regulating chamber 20 has a gas filling interface 29 for filling the pressure regulating chamber 20 with high-pressure gas. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to reduce the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 and the pressure regulating chamber 20 is used to break the diaphragm 22, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 to increase rapidly and thus break the pressure limiting component 24, thereby pushing the accelerated object 3 to accelerate in the acceleration section 40 inside the launch tube 4.

[0031] The fast speed of this application refers to the corresponding action occurring within a time range of several milliseconds to tens of milliseconds.

[0032] The ultra-high pressure in this application refers to a pressure range of 150-280 MPa.

[0033] The ultra-high acceleration of this application can reach up to 25,000g.

[0034] The high-speed jet in this application is in the range of tens to hundreds of m / s.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, during launch, the ultra-high pressure valve 28 is opened to rapidly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20 to the pressurized gas tank 26. The pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber 20 and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 is greater than the rupture pressure of the diaphragm 22. After the diaphragm 22 rapidly expands, the pressure regulating chamber 20 is pressurized and breaks the pressure limiting member 24, pushing the accelerated object 3 to accelerate.

[0036] When not activated, the pressure in the regulating chamber 20 is filled with high-pressure gas. During the pressurization process of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1, the pressure between the two can reach a stable equilibrium, preventing the diaphragm 22 from rupturing. The ultimate pressure of the pressure limiting component 24 is greater than the initial pressure of the regulating chamber 20, preventing the pressure limiting component 24 from rupturing. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve 28 is opened to rapidly release the high pressure in the regulating chamber 20 into the pressurized gas tank 26, reducing the gas pressure in the regulating chamber 20. In other words, the pressure difference between the regulating chamber 20 and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 increases instantaneously, causing the diaphragm 22 to open rapidly without deviation. The ultra-high pressure of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 is rapidly released into the regulating chamber 20, further damaging the pressure limiting component 24 and propelling the accelerated object 3 into the acceleration section 40 within the launch tube 4. This device is suitable for acceleration devices with pressures up to 280 MPa, and the pressure adjustment of the fast-response pressure relief device 2 can precisely achieve the pressure relief process with a time accuracy of several milliseconds to tens of milliseconds.

[0037] Specifically, in one embodiment, the diaphragm 22 is typically made of SUS304, SUS316 stainless steel, or other high-strength and high-toughness materials. A first preset depth groove is provided on the diaphragm 22, and the shape of the groove can be, for example, a cross or a star-shaped groove, or other shapes. When the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the diaphragm 22 is exceeded, the diaphragm 22 opens from the groove, but due to the use of a high-elongation material and the reasonable groove depth design, the broken segments will not detach from the boundary of the diaphragm 22. Preferably, in one embodiment, the ultra-high pressure valve 28 is a solenoid valve.

[0038] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2In one embodiment, the pressure limiting member 24 is a ring shear member, located at the tail of the accelerated object 3 and integrally connected to it. The ring shear member has a second preset depth groove. When the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 exceeds the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the ring shear member, the ring shear member undergoes shearing fracture, causing the accelerated object 3 to detach and accelerate forward under high pressure. The pressurized gas tank 26 can not only store the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20, but also prevent the high-pressure gas in the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 from flowing to the outside due to the ultra-high pressure valve 28 failing to close in time after the diaphragm 22 ruptures, thus preventing system energy loss.

[0039] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 In another embodiment, the pressure limiting element 24 is a second diaphragm, and a primary chamber 25 is provided between the second diaphragm and the accelerated object. Preferably, a third preset depth groove is formed on the second diaphragm. During launch, the ultra-high pressure valve 28 is opened, causing the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20 to be rapidly released into the pressure storage tank 26. The pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber 20 and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 is greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the diaphragm 22, causing the diaphragm 22 to open rapidly. The ultra-high pressure CO2 in the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 expands rapidly and enters the pressure regulating chamber 20 in the form of a high-speed jet. The pressure regulating chamber 20 is rapidly pressurized to a pressure greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the second diaphragm. After the second diaphragm is destroyed, the high-pressure gas propels the accelerated object to accelerate.

[0040] Specifically, in one embodiment, the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 is filled with solid CO2 or liquid CO2, and heated by an electric heating device 10 built into the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1. The solid or liquid CO2 is converted into supercritical CO2 by constant-volume temperature and pressure increase using electric heating. Electric heating is a physical process; no chemical reaction occurs during the process of increasing the CO2 medium from low pressure to ultra-high pressure. Compared to gunpowder or other chemical exothermic agents, which easily produce high-temperature gases or corrosive substances, electric heating makes the entire process clean and pollution-free. This not only improves the service life of the launch tube and high-pressure vessel but also reduces maintenance costs. Furthermore, it has the advantages of reusability and controllable energy output.

[0041] Once CO2 reaches its critical point (7.38 MPa, 31.3 °C) and its pressure exceeds this point, it enters a supercritical state. In this state, CO2 is gaseous, with a density close to that of a liquid, a viscosity close to that of a gas, and a diffusion coefficient between that of a gas and a liquid. The ability of CO2 to directly transform from a solid or liquid state to a supercritical state allows for higher power density energy storage, thus reducing the space required for installation. Furthermore, using solid or liquid CO2 at atmospheric pressure during filling improves operational safety. Moreover, using electric heating to transform CO2 from a solid or liquid state to a supercritical state offers advantages over chemical exothermic agents (such as gunpowder) including reusability, precise and controllable heat release, high safety, and a cleaner emission medium.

[0042] Specifically, in one embodiment, the long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator further includes a high-pressure pneumatic damping system 5. The high-pressure pneumatic damping system 5 includes an exhaust device 50 and a deceleration device 52. The high-pressure pneumatic damping system 5 and its downstream devices constitute the deceleration section of the launch tube 4. Specifically, in one embodiment, one end of the exhaust device 50 is connected to the acceleration section of the launch tube 4, and the other end of the exhaust device 50 is connected to the deceleration device 52. The high-pressure pneumatic damper 5 precisely controls the gas release pressure through the combination of the exhaust device 50 and the deceleration device 52, which increases back pressure, to achieve precise and smooth deceleration, while avoiding maintenance costs caused by component damage due to mechanical braking.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, the exhaust device 50 further includes an absorbing tank 510 and an air storage tank 520 interconnected by a flexible hose. The hose can effectively reduce the longitudinal amplitude of the launch tube 4 caused by recoil, improving the stability of data collected by sensors inside the launch tube 4 or the accelerated object 3. Furthermore, the hose has a certain noise reduction effect, reducing high-pressure fluid pulsation noise. Preferably, the inner walls of the absorbing tank 510 and the air storage tank 520 are provided with porous sound-absorbing material for noise reduction.

[0044] The microwave absorbing tank 510 is equipped with a pressure-reducing pipe 512 that communicates with the acceleration section 40 of the launching tube 4. The pressure-reducing pipe 512 has an opening in its wall, through which pressure is released to the space outside the pressure-reducing pipe 512 within the microwave absorbing tank 510 and to the gas storage tank 520. The pressure-reducing pipe 512 can quickly expel the high-pressure gas at the bottom of the accelerated object 3, thereby reducing acceleration overload. It can also provide a reverse thrust for the accelerated object 3 after the acceleration test is completed.

[0045] Specifically, in one embodiment, the deceleration device 52 further includes a high-pressure gas recovery pipe 522 connected to the pressure-reducing pipe 512 of the exhaust device 50 via a flexible hose, and a U-shaped pipe 524 disposed on the side wall of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe 522 and connecting the front and rear ends of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe 522. The flexible hose can effectively reduce the longitudinal amplitude of the launch tube 4 caused by recoil force, and improve the stability of the data collected by the sensors inside the launch tube 4 or the accelerated object 3. In addition, the flexible hose has a certain noise reduction effect, which can reduce the noise of high-pressure fluid pulsation.

[0046] A low-pressure diaphragm 526 is installed between the pressure-reducing pipe 512 and the high-pressure gas recovery pipe 522. The material of the low-pressure diaphragm 526 can be the same as that of the diaphragm 22, but the difference is that the low-pressure diaphragm 526 requires a lower ultimate pressure, so its thickness is less than that of the diaphragm 22. After depressurization, the pressure can still break the low-pressure diaphragm, allowing the pressure to continue to decrease in the deceleration section of the launch tube 4.

[0047] Specifically, in one embodiment, the end of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe 522 is connected to a recovery tank 528, and a safety valve 529 is provided on the side wall of the recovery tank 528. An emergency braking device 530 is provided at the end of the recovery tank 528. The emergency braking device 530 is used to prevent the accelerated object 3 from remaining at an excessively high speed after deceleration, which could damage the overall device.

[0048] In one embodiment, the long-duration ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator further includes a support base 6 disposed at the end of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1 and a control system 7 fixed on the support base 6. The support base 6 is used to support other structural components and can effectively counteract the huge recoil force generated during the operation of the accelerator, improving the safety of the entire device. The control system 7 is used to control the operation of the entire device.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, the device of this application achieved a high acceleration process with a maximum overload of 25000g, a 90% maximum overload duration of 0.8ms, and a 30% maximum overload duration of 4ms. The corresponding ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator release pressure is 270MPa.

[0050] In one embodiment, a control method for a long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device as described above includes:

[0051] S10. Add solid CO2 or liquid CO2 to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator 1;

[0052] S20. High-pressure gas is introduced into the pressure regulating chamber 20;

[0053] S30. Heat the solid CO2 or liquid CO2 in the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1 to form supercritical CO2, thereby obtaining super-high pressure.

[0054] S40. Open the super-high-pressure valve 28 to release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20 into the pressure storage gas tank 26. The pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 decreases. After the diaphragm 22 is damaged by the pressure difference between the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1 and the pressure regulating chamber 20, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 increases, and then the pressure limiting member 24 is damaged, thereby driving the accelerated object 3 to perform an accelerating motion in the accelerating section 40 of the launch tube 4.

[0055] Specifically, in one embodiment, first add solid CO2 or liquid CO2 to the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1, and inject high-pressure air into the pressure regulating chamber 20 through the air charging interface 29, with a pressure value of P2. Heat the solid CO2 or liquid CO2 in the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1 by electric heating to absorb heat and increase the pressure. Stop heating when the pressure reaches P1. At this time, P2 < P1, and the pressure difference between P2 and P1 is less than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P1f of the diaphragm 22. At the same time, the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P2f of the ring shear member is greater than P2, and the high-pressure gas of the entire device will not be released. When launching is required, quickly open the super-high-pressure valve 28 to quickly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20 into the pressure storage gas tank 26, thereby causing P2 to rapidly decrease, the pressure difference on both sides of the diaphragm 22 to rapidly increase, exceeding the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P1f of the diaphragm 22, the diaphragm 22 ruptures to release pressure, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 is greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P2f of the ring shear member, the ring shear member breaks, and the high pressure is released into the launch tube 4, providing a high acceleration for the accelerated object 3 to move forward.

[0056] In another embodiment, first add solid CO2 or liquid CO2 to the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1, and inject high-pressure air into the pressure regulating chamber through the air charging interface 29, with a pressure value of P2. Heat the solid CO2 or liquid CO2 in the super-high-pressure CO2 gas generator 1 by electric heating to absorb heat and increase the pressure. Stop heating when the pressure reaches P1. At this time, P2 < P1, and the pressure difference between P2 and P1 is less than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P1f of the diaphragm 22. At the same time, the initial volume chamber 25 is a cavity, and the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P2f of the second diaphragm is greater than P2, and the high-pressure gas of the entire device will not be released. When launching is required, quickly open the super-high-pressure valve 28 to quickly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber 20 into the pressure storage gas tank 26, thereby causing P2 to rapidly decrease, the pressure difference on both sides of the diaphragm 22 to rapidly increase, exceeding the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P1f of the diaphragm 22, the diaphragm 22 ruptures to release pressure, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 20 is greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity P2f of the second diaphragm, the second diaphragm is damaged, and the high pressure is released into the launch tube 4 through the initial volume chamber, providing a high acceleration for the accelerated object 3 to move forward.

[0057] In summary, the long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator of this application includes an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, a fast-response pressure relief device, an accelerated object, and a launch tube connected in sequence. The fast-response pressure relief device includes a pressure regulating chamber connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the accelerated object, respectively. A diaphragm is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator. A pressure limiting element is provided between the pressure regulating chamber and the accelerated object. A pressure storage tank is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure storage tank are connected via an ultra-high pressure valve. The pressure regulating chamber has an inlet for charging high-pressure gas. When launch is required, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber is reduced. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and thus break the pressure limiting element, thereby propelling the accelerated object to accelerate within the acceleration section of the launch tube. In the long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator and its control method of this application, when not activated, the pressure chamber is filled with high-pressure gas. During the pressurization process of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, the pressure between the two can reach a stable equilibrium, preventing diaphragm rupture. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened. After the excitation command is given, the high-pressure gas in the pressure chamber can be released to the storage tank within milliseconds to tens of milliseconds. That is, the pressure difference between the pressure chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator increases instantaneously, causing the diaphragm to open rapidly without deviation. The ultra-high pressure of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is rapidly released to the pressure chamber, further damaging the pressure limiting component and propelling the accelerated object to accelerate in the acceleration section within the launch tube. This device can be applied to acceleration devices with pressures up to 280 MPa, and the pressure relief process can be precisely achieved through pressure adjustment by the fast-response pressure relief device. It can achieve precise and controllable launch of accelerated objects. Based on the opening response time and valve diameter of the ultra-high pressure valve, after the excitation command is given, the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber can be released to the storage tank within a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds. This causes the diaphragm between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator to open rapidly. The high-pressure gas further destroys the pressure limiting component, causing the accelerated object to detach and accelerate forward under high pressure.

Claims

1. A long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator, characterized in that, The system comprises, in sequence, an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator, a fast-response pressure relief device, an accelerated object, and a launch tube. The fast-response pressure relief device includes a pressure regulating chamber connected at both ends to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the accelerated object, respectively. A diaphragm is installed between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator. A pressure limiting element is installed between the pressure regulating chamber and the accelerated object. A pressure storage tank is connected to the side of the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure regulating chamber and the pressure storage tank are connected via an ultra-high pressure valve. When launch is required, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to reduce the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber breaks the diaphragm, causing it to rapidly open. The ultra-high pressure CO2 in the gas generator rapidly expands and enters the pressure regulating chamber as a high-speed jet, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and thus breaking the pressure limiting element. This propels the accelerated object to accelerate within the acceleration section of the launch tube. The ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is filled with solid or liquid CO2, which is converted into supercritical CO2 through constant-volume heating and pressurization. Ultra-high pressure ranges from 150 to 280 MPa; Extremely high acceleration up to 25,000g; It also includes a high-pressure pneumatic damping system, which is connected to an exhaust device and a deceleration device. One end of the exhaust device is connected to the acceleration section of the launch tube, and the other end of the exhaust device is connected to the deceleration device. The exhaust device includes a wave-absorbing tank and a gas storage tank that are connected to each other by a hose. The wave-absorbing tank is equipped with a pressure-reducing pipe that is connected to the acceleration section of the launch tube. The pressure-reducing pipe has an opening on its wall to release pressure to the space outside the pressure-reducing pipe in the wave-absorbing tank and to the gas storage tank. The inner walls of the wave-absorbing tank and the gas storage tank are both provided with porous sound-absorbing and wave-absorbing material. The deceleration device includes a high-pressure gas recovery pipe connected to the pressure-reducing pipe via a hose and a U-shaped pipe installed on the side wall of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe and connecting the front and rear ends of the high-pressure gas recovery pipe. A low-pressure diaphragm is installed between the pressure-reducing pipe and the high-pressure gas recovery pipe.

2. The long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm has a first preset depth groove, the pressure limiting component is a ring shear, the ring shear is located at the tail of the accelerated object and is integrated with the accelerated object, the ring shear has a second preset depth groove, the pressure regulating chamber has a charging port for charging high-pressure gas into the pressure regulating chamber, during launch, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to allow the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber to be rapidly released to the storage tank, the pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the diaphragm, the pressure regulating chamber is rapidly pressurized to a pressure greater than the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the ring shear, after the ring shear is destroyed, the high-pressure gas pushes the accelerated object to accelerate.

3. The long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm has a first preset depth groove, the pressure limiting element is a second diaphragm, the second diaphragm has a third preset depth groove, a primary chamber is provided between the pressure limiting element and the accelerated object, and the pressure regulating chamber has an inflation port for filling the pressure regulating chamber with high-pressure gas. During launch, the ultra-high pressure valve is opened to rapidly release the high-pressure gas in the pressure regulating chamber to the storage tank. The pressure difference between the pressure regulating chamber and the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator is greater than the ultimate pressure of the diaphragm, the diaphragm rapidly opens, and the ultra-high pressure CO2 in the gas generator rapidly expands and enters the pressure regulating chamber in the form of a high-speed jet. The pressure regulating chamber is rapidly pressurized to a pressure greater than the ultimate pressure of the second diaphragm. After the second diaphragm is destroyed, the high-pressure gas propels the accelerated object to accelerate.

4. The long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure gas recovery pipe is connected to a recovery tank at its end, and a safety valve is provided on the side wall of the recovery tank. An emergency braking device is provided at the end of the recovery tank.

5. The long-term ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support base installed at the end of the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and a control system fixed on the support base.

6. A control method for a time-series ultra-high acceleration electrothermal CO2 acceleration device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Add solid or liquid CO2 to the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator; High-pressure gas is introduced into the pressure regulating chamber; Heating solid or liquid CO2 in an ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator to form supercritical CO2, thereby obtaining ultra-high pressure; Opening the ultra-high pressure valve releases the high-pressure gas from the pressure regulating chamber into the storage tank, reducing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber. The pressure difference between the ultra-high pressure CO2 gas generator and the pressure regulating chamber then breaks the diaphragm, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber to increase rapidly and break the pressure limiting component, thereby propelling the accelerated object to accelerate in the acceleration section of the launch tube.

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