A rural environmental assessment method and system based on modern human settlement conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rural environment assessment method and system based on modern human settlement environment conditions, including: collecting and acquiring rural environmental basic data and processing them to obtain a target data set; based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning, extracting environmental characteristic indicators of environmental characteristic areas, using singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space, and obtaining environmental quality evaluation results; establishing a rural environmental assessment early warning mechanism, performing threshold judgment on environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset threshold, timely warning and taking corresponding control measures, and dynamically updating the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes. The present invention realizes the scientific zoning, comprehensive evaluation and dynamic early warning of the rural environment, and provides data support and scientific basis for rural environmental management and decision-making.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of environmental assessment, and in particular relates to a rural environmental assessment method and system based on modern human settlement environment conditions. Background Art

[0002] In the rural environmental assessment system, it is necessary to reasonably zon the rural environment and divide areas with different environmental characteristics, such as water source protection areas, agricultural production areas, residential areas, etc. The certainty of zoning directly affects the accuracy and reliability of environmental assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider various environmental factors and use scientific zoning methods to ensure the rationality and accuracy of zoning results, so as to provide a reliable spatial basis for subsequent environmental assessment. At present, there is a lack of effective assessment methods for rural living environment in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rural environment assessment method and system based on modern human settlement environment conditions. Among them, a rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement environment conditions includes:

[0004] Collect and obtain basic rural environmental data, and integrate and normalize the basic rural environmental data from different sources and formats to obtain a target data set;

[0005] Based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning to obtain rural environmental characteristic zoning results;

[0006] Extracting environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, using singular value decomposition method, spatiotemporally dynamically evaluating the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area, and obtaining an environmental quality evaluation result;

[0007] Establish a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, make threshold judgments on the environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset thresholds, issue timely warnings and take corresponding control measures, and dynamically update the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes.

[0008] Preferably, the process of collecting and obtaining basic rural environmental data includes:

[0009] Collect and obtain spatial data and environmental monitoring indicator data to build a basic rural environmental database;

[0010] Wherein, the spatial data includes but is not limited to topography, hydrology, and land use;

[0011] The environmental monitoring indicator data include but are not limited to the harmless treatment rate of toilet feces and sewage in the transformation of rural sanitary toilets, rural domestic sewage treatment, rural domestic waste treatment, rural village appearance, water quality, atmosphere, and noise.

[0012] Preferably, the process of fusing and normalizing the rural environment basic data of different sources and formats to obtain the target data set includes:

[0013] Determine whether there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values ​​in the rural environment basic data according to a preset threshold value, and if there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values, use a median filtering data cleaning algorithm to remove the abnormal values ​​and invalid values;

[0014] For the missing values ​​in the rural environment basic data, the missing values ​​are filled by using the Kriging interpolation algorithm to obtain complete rural environment basic data;

[0015] Obtain basic rural environmental data from different sources and in different formats, unify and standardize the data from different sources and in different formats through data fusion algorithms, and form a standardized rural environmental data set.

[0016] Preferably, based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning, and the process of obtaining rural environmental characteristic zoning results includes:

[0017] Based on the normalized rural environment data set, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster rural areas according to the similarity of environmental characteristics. By calculating the Euclidean distance between each area and the cluster center, the area with the closest distance is divided into one category to obtain the preliminary clustering results.

[0018] Based on the preliminary clustering results, the core objects of each cluster area are extracted by the DBSCAN clustering algorithm, and the noise points and boundary points are removed to further optimize the cluster boundaries, and the areas with similar environmental characteristics are divided into several clusters, each cluster representing an environmental characteristic area;

[0019] The spatial analysis techniques of buffer zone analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries. The clustering boundaries are then optimized to make them coincide with the actual geographic boundaries, thereby obtaining the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results and generating zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps.

[0020] Preferably, the spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries, and then the process of optimizing the cluster boundaries includes:

[0021] Obtain the geographic boundary and administrative boundary data of the study area and perform spatial registration and vectorization processing. Then, use the spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundary and administrative boundary to identify the deviation between the cluster boundary and the actual boundary.

[0022] According to the overlay analysis results, the cluster boundaries are optimized and adjusted to make them coincide with the actual geographical boundaries. The optimized cluster boundaries are spatially associated with the rural environmental characteristic data to obtain the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results.

[0023] Preferably, the process of optimizing and adjusting the cluster boundaries according to the overlay analysis results includes:

[0024] Spatial overlay analysis is used to compare the optimized cluster boundaries with the actual boundaries, and the overlap rate and deviation distance between the cluster boundaries and the actual boundaries are calculated; for areas where the deviation distance exceeds the preset distance, buffer analysis is used to generate buffers, and the cluster boundaries are adjusted to match the actual geographic boundaries.

[0025] Preferably, the process of generating the zoning map and the environmental quality thematic map includes:

[0026] The rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results are visualized, and GIS spatial visualization technology is used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps to intuitively display the spatial distribution characteristics and environmental quality status of the rural environment.

[0027] Preferably, the environmental characteristic index of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result is extracted, and the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area is dynamically evaluated in time and space by using the singular value decomposition method to obtain the environmental quality evaluation result, which includes:

[0028] According to the rural environmental characteristic zoning results, the boundary coordinate data of each environmental characteristic area is obtained to determine the evaluation unit;

[0029] For each evaluation unit, extract characteristic index data reflecting the status of environmental elements such as atmosphere, water, and soil, and standardize the environmental characteristic index data of each evaluation unit to eliminate the influence of dimension and order of magnitude differences;

[0030] According to the environmental characteristic index data, the singular value decomposition method is used to decompose a matrix into the product of three specific matrices to reduce the data dimension, and then extract the characteristics reflecting the environmental quality, and then obtain the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit;

[0031] According to the environmental quality grade classification standards, the grade of the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit is determined to obtain the environmental quality evaluation results.

[0032] The present invention also provides a rural environment assessment system based on modern human settlement environment conditions, comprising:

[0033] Data collection and processing module, used to collect and obtain basic data on rural environment;

[0034] A data fusion and standardization module, used for fusing and normalizing the rural environment basic data of different sources and formats to obtain a target data set;

[0035] An environmental characteristic zoning module is used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology to obtain rural environmental characteristic zoning results;

[0036] An environmental quality assessment module is used to extract environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, and use a singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space to obtain an environmental quality assessment result;

[0037] Visual expression module, used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps, visually displaying rural environmental characteristics;

[0038] The assessment and early warning module establishes a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, makes threshold judgments on the environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset threshold, promptly issues early warnings and takes corresponding control measures, and dynamically updates the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0040] The rural environment comprehensive assessment and early warning method disclosed in the present invention first obtains spatial data including topography, hydrology, land use and other spatial data as well as environmental monitoring index data such as water quality, atmosphere and noise, and cleans, merges and standardizes the data to build a rural environment basic database. Then, a spatial clustering algorithm is used to perform cluster analysis on the rural environmental data set, and regions with similar environmental characteristics are divided into several clusters, and the cluster boundaries are optimized in combination with geographical boundaries and administrative boundaries to obtain the rural environmental characteristic zoning results. Then, for each environmental characteristic region, its environmental characteristic index is extracted, and the singular value decomposition method is used to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each region in time and space. Finally, a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism is established to perform threshold judgment on the environmental quality evaluation results. When the environmental quality index of a certain area exceeds the preset threshold, timely early warning is issued and corresponding control measures are taken, and the zoning results and evaluation results are dynamically updated according to the environmental changes. Through scientific zoning, comprehensive assessment and dynamic early warning, the present invention realizes the refined management and scientific decision-making of the rural environment, and provides strong support for rural environmental protection and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement environment conditions, including:

[0048] Collect and obtain basic rural environmental data, and integrate and normalize basic rural environmental data from different sources and formats to obtain the target data set;

[0049] Based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning and obtain the rural environmental characteristic zoning results;

[0050] Extract the environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning results, use the singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space, and obtain the environmental quality evaluation results;

[0051] Establish a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, make threshold judgments on environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset thresholds, issue timely warnings and take corresponding control measures; and dynamically update the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes.

[0052] Furthermore, the process of collecting and obtaining basic data on rural environment includes:

[0053] Collect and obtain spatial data and environmental monitoring indicator data to build a basic rural environmental database;

[0054] Among them, spatial data include but are not limited to topography, hydrology, and land use;

[0055] Environmental monitoring indicator data include but are not limited to the harmless treatment rate of toilet feces and sewage in rural sanitary toilet renovation, rural domestic sewage treatment, rural domestic waste treatment, rural village appearance, water quality, atmosphere, and noise.

[0056] To further optimize the plan, when obtaining spatial data including topography, hydrology, land use, and environmental monitoring indicator data such as water quality, atmosphere, and noise, remote sensing image data is used to obtain terrain information. Specifically, SRTM digital elevation model data is used to obtain elevation information of the study area; hydrological survey data is used to obtain hydrological information such as rivers and lakes; Landsat series satellite image data is used to extract land use information, and spatially correlated with environmental monitoring station data to obtain environmental monitoring indicator data such as water quality, atmosphere, and noise.

[0057] Furthermore, the rural environmental basic data from different sources and formats are integrated and normalized to obtain the target data set, including:

[0058] According to the preset threshold, it is judged whether there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values ​​in the rural environmental basic data. If there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values, the median filtering data cleaning algorithm is used to eliminate the abnormal values ​​and invalid values;

[0059] For the missing values ​​in the rural environmental basic data, the Kriging interpolation algorithm is used to fill in the missing values ​​to obtain complete rural environmental basic data;

[0060] Obtain basic rural environmental data from different sources and in different formats, unify and standardize the data from different sources and in different formats through data fusion algorithms, and form a standardized rural environmental data set.

[0061] To further optimize the scheme, thresholds are set when preprocessing rural environmental basic data. For example, COD monitoring values ​​greater than 100 mg / L or less than 0 mg / L are determined as abnormal values, and data cleaning algorithms such as median filtering are used to remove them; for missing values, data interpolation algorithms such as Kriging interpolation are used to complete them. When merging data, rural environmental basic data from different sources and formats can be unified into GeoJSON format, and the coordinate system, attribute fields, etc. of the data can be standardized.

[0062] The rural environment dataset was cleaned and outliers were removed by setting thresholds, such as removing data with dissolved oxygen concentration exceeding 20 mg / L in water quality indicators and removing data with equivalent sound level exceeding 120 dB in noise indicators. The minimum-maximum normalization method was then used to normalize the data and map each indicator data to the [0,1] interval to ensure data consistency.

[0063] Furthermore, based on the target data set, the sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning. The process of obtaining the rural environmental characteristic zoning results includes:

[0064] Based on the normalized rural environmental data set, the K-means clustering algorithm was used to cluster rural areas according to the similarity of environmental characteristics. The Euclidean distance between each area and the cluster center was calculated, and the areas with the closest distance were divided into one category to obtain preliminary clustering results. For example, the K-means clustering algorithm was used to divide the study area into five levels: excellent, good, lightly polluted, moderately polluted, and heavily polluted, based on water quality indicators, atmospheric indicators, and noise indicator data.

[0065] Based on the preliminary clustering results, the DBSCAN clustering algorithm is used to extract the core objects of each cluster area, and the noise points and boundary points are removed to further optimize the cluster boundaries. The areas with similar environmental characteristics are divided into several clusters, and each cluster represents an environmental characteristic area.

[0066] The spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries. The clustering boundaries are then optimized to make them coincide with the actual geographic boundaries, thereby obtaining the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results and generating zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps.

[0067] To further optimize the scheme, the K-means clustering algorithm was used to cluster rural areas, the number of clusters k was set to 5, the number of iterations was 100, and the Euclidean distance between each area and the cluster center was calculated, and the areas with the closest distance were divided into one category to obtain preliminary clustering results. On this basis, the DBSCAN clustering algorithm was used for further optimization, the radius parameter eps=2km, the minimum number of included points minPts=10, the core objects of each cluster area were extracted, and the noise points and boundary points were removed to make the cluster boundaries more reasonable.

[0068] Furthermore, the spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries. The process of optimizing the cluster boundaries then includes:

[0069] Obtain the geographic boundary and administrative boundary data of the study area and perform spatial registration and vectorization processing. Then, use the spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundary and administrative boundary to identify the deviation between the cluster boundary and the actual boundary.

[0070] According to the results of overlay analysis, the cluster boundaries are optimized and adjusted to make them coincide with the actual geographical boundaries. The optimized cluster boundaries are spatially associated with the rural environmental characteristic data to obtain the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results, and a rural environmental characteristic zoning map is generated. The average values ​​and exceedance rates of environmental indicators in each zone are counted, and a zoning statistical report is generated to provide data support for rural environmental governance.

[0071] Further optimization schemes are used to obtain optimized cluster boundary data and rural environmental characteristic data, unify the spatial coordinate system of the two types of data, and standardize the data format. The spatial overlay analysis method is used to spatially associate the cluster boundary data with the rural environmental characteristic data to obtain the environmental characteristic data falling within each cluster area. The environmental characteristic data in each cluster area are statistically summarized, and the average, maximum, minimum and other statistical quantities of various environmental indicators are calculated to obtain the environmental characteristic attribute table of each area. According to the environmental characteristic attribute table of each cluster area, the cluster area is classified by the decision tree algorithm to obtain the preliminary rural environmental characteristic zoning results. The preliminary zoning results are spatially aggregated and boundary optimized, similar adjacent areas are merged, and the zoning boundaries are adjusted to make them more regular and compact, forming the final rural environmental characteristic zoning results. Thematic zoning maps are generated based on the zoning results, and different types of environmental characteristic zoning are represented by different colors or symbols, and necessary map elements such as legends, compasses, and scales are added. The area and environmental indicator statistics of each environmental characteristic zoning are summarized to generate a statistical report on the rural environmental characteristic zoning, providing data support for subsequent rural environmental management and planning.

[0072] Specifically, the optimized cluster boundary data and rural environmental characteristic data were first unified into the WGS84 coordinate system and converted into shapefile format. Then, the ArcGIS Spatial Join tool was used to perform spatial association with the cluster boundary as the target element and the environmental characteristic data as the connecting element to obtain the environmental attribute data in each cluster area. Then, the Zonal Statistics tool was used to calculate the average, maximum, minimum, etc. of each environmental indicator in each area with the cluster area as the partition, and the environmental characteristic attribute table of the cluster area was generated. Using this attribute table, the CART decision tree algorithm was used for classification, and the Gini coefficient was set to 1, the maximum tree depth was set to 5, and the minimum number of leaf node samples was set to 10 to obtain the preliminary environmental characteristic partition. On this basis, the adjacent similar partitions were merged, and the Simplify Polygon tool was used to smooth and simplify the partition boundaries, and the tolerance was set to 100m to obtain the final rural environmental characteristic zoning. Finally, the symbolization and annotation functions of ArcGIS were used to generate zoning thematic maps, and the Zonal Statistics as Table tool was used to count the area of ​​each zone, the average value of environmental indicators, etc., and generate a zoning statistical report to provide a reference for rural environmental management.

[0073] Furthermore, according to the overlay analysis results, the process of optimizing and adjusting the cluster boundaries includes:

[0074] Spatial overlay analysis is used to compare the optimized cluster boundaries with the actual boundaries, and the overlap rate and deviation distance between the cluster boundaries and the actual boundaries are calculated; for areas where the deviation distance exceeds the preset distance, buffer analysis is used to generate buffers, such as generating a 500-meter buffer with the river as the center, and the land use type area ratio within the buffer is counted. The cluster boundaries are adjusted to match the actual geographic boundaries.

[0075] Furthermore, the process of generating zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps includes:

[0076] The rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results are visualized, and GIS spatial visualization technology is used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps to intuitively display the spatial distribution characteristics and environmental quality status of the rural environment.

[0077] Furthermore, the environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning results are extracted, and the singular value decomposition method is used to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space. The process of obtaining the environmental quality evaluation results includes:

[0078] According to the rural environmental characteristic zoning results, the boundary coordinate data of each environmental characteristic area is obtained to determine the evaluation unit;

[0079] For each evaluation unit, extract characteristic index data reflecting the status of environmental elements such as atmosphere, water, and soil, and standardize the environmental characteristic index data of each evaluation unit to eliminate the influence of dimension and order of magnitude differences;

[0080] According to the environmental characteristic index data, the singular value decomposition method is used to decompose a matrix into the product of three specific matrices to reduce the data dimension, and then extract the characteristics reflecting the environmental quality, and then obtain the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit;

[0081] According to the environmental quality grade classification standards, the grade of the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit is determined to obtain the environmental quality evaluation results.

[0082] If the evaluation results need to be visualized, the geographical location information and evaluation level of each evaluation unit are marked with different colors or symbols on the map to generate an environmental quality evaluation thematic map. The environmental quality evaluation result data and thematic map are stored in the database for subsequent query and analysis. Through data visualization technology, the evaluation results are displayed in the form of charts, reports, etc., providing a basis for environmental management decision-making.

[0083] Specifically, ArcGIS software was first used to extract the boundary coordinate data of each area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning results, and the centroid points of the boundaries of each area were used as evaluation units, resulting in a total of 120 evaluation units. Then, for each evaluation unit, characteristic indicator data reflecting the status of environmental elements such as air, water, and soil were extracted from the environmental monitoring database, including 12 indicators such as PM5 concentration, comprehensive water quality index, and soil heavy metal content. SPSS software was used to perform Z-score standardization on the environmental characteristic indicator data of each evaluation unit, and each indicator was converted into a standardized value with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1. Then, the singular value decomposition method was used to decompose a matrix into the product of three specific matrices to reduce the dimension of the data, and then the characteristics reflecting the environmental quality were extracted to obtain the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit; in ArcGIS, the environmental characteristic zoning boundary data was spatially associated with the environmental quality evaluation results, and the mapping elements were designed using a progressive color scheme to generate a thematic layer reflecting the zoning results and environmental quality status. Finally, the ArcGIS layout view was used to overlay auxiliary layers such as administrative boundaries and river systems, and to configure cartographic elements such as legends, compasses, and scales to generate rural environmental characteristic zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps, which intuitively displayed the spatial distribution characteristics and quality status of the rural environment, providing intuitive auxiliary decision-making information for rural environmental management.

[0084] When conducting environmental quality evaluation, first obtain environmental quality index data from environmental monitoring sites, including PM5 concentration, surface water quality level, soil heavy metal content, etc., to form a data matrix of 10 indicators and 50 samples. Then use SPSS software to perform singular value decomposition, decompose a matrix into the product of three specific matrices. The first matrix reflects the air pollution status, the second matrix reflects the water environment quality, and the third matrix reflects the soil environment quality. Obtain the characteristics reflecting environmental quality and the corresponding comprehensive environmental quality index, sorted from small to large according to the index value, and divided into five levels: excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, and heavy pollution. Associate the latitude and longitude coordinates of the sample points with the environmental quality level information, generate an environmental quality thematic map in MapInfo software, and use green, yellow, orange, red, and purple to represent the five environmental quality levels. Import the environmental quality evaluation result data into the SQL Server database, design the query and statistical function module and the visual chart display module, and form an environmental quality evaluation analysis report to provide a decision-making basis for environmental protection planning and management.

[0085] Establish a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, pre-set environmental quality early warning thresholds, compare the spatiotemporal dynamic evaluation scores of each region with the thresholds, and make threshold judgments on the environmental quality evaluation results. When the environmental quality indicators of a certain region exceed the preset thresholds, when a certain region triggers an early warning, promptly send early warning information to the environmental management department, and take corresponding control actions according to the preset control measures plan.

[0086] Continuously monitor changes in rural environmental quality, regularly update environmental quality data sets, re-zoning and comprehensive assessment, and dynamically update early warning status. Dynamically update rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality assessment results based on environmental changes to ensure the timeliness and dynamism of rural environmental assessments.

[0087] Through the above technical solutions, scientific zoning, comprehensive assessment and dynamic early warning of the rural environment can be achieved, providing data support and scientific basis for rural environmental management and decision-making.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a rural environment assessment system based on modern human settlement environment conditions, including:

[0090] Data collection and processing module, used to collect and obtain basic data on rural environment;

[0091] A data fusion and standardization module, used for fusing and normalizing the rural environment basic data of different sources and formats to obtain a target data set;

[0092] An environmental characteristic zoning module is used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology to obtain rural environmental characteristic zoning results;

[0093] An environmental quality assessment module is used to extract environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, and use a singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space to obtain an environmental quality assessment result;

[0094] Visual expression module, used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps, visually displaying rural environmental characteristics;

[0095] The assessment and early warning module establishes a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, makes threshold judgments on the environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset threshold, promptly issues early warnings and takes corresponding control measures, and dynamically updates the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes.

[0096] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement conditions, characterized in that: include: Collect and obtain basic rural environmental data, and integrate and normalize the basic rural environmental data from different sources and formats to obtain a target data set; Based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning to obtain rural environmental characteristic zoning results; Extracting environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, using singular value decomposition method, spatiotemporally dynamically evaluating the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area, and obtaining an environmental quality evaluation result; Establish a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, make threshold judgments on the environmental quality assessment results, and issue timely warnings and take corresponding control measures when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset thresholds. Dynamically update the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality assessment results according to environmental changes; The process of collecting and obtaining basic data on rural environment includes: Collect and obtain spatial data and environmental monitoring indicator data to build a basic rural environmental database; Wherein, the spatial data includes topography, hydrology, and land use; The environmental monitoring indicator data include the harmless treatment rate of toilet feces and sewage in rural sanitary toilets, rural domestic sewage treatment, rural domestic garbage treatment, rural village appearance, water quality, air, and noise; The process of fusing and normalizing the rural environment basic data of different sources and formats to obtain the target data set includes: Determine whether there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values ​​in the rural environment basic data according to a preset threshold value, and if there are abnormal values ​​and invalid values, use a median filtering data cleaning algorithm to remove the abnormal values ​​and invalid values; For the missing values ​​in the rural environment basic data, the missing values ​​are filled by using the Kriging interpolation algorithm to obtain complete rural environment basic data; Obtain rural environmental basic data from different sources and formats, unify and standardize the data from different sources and formats through data fusion algorithms, and form a standardized rural environmental data set; Based on the target data set, the sampling space clustering algorithm and the spatial analysis technology are used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning. The process of obtaining the rural environmental characteristic zoning results includes: Based on the normalized rural environment data set, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster rural areas according to the similarity of environmental characteristics. By calculating the Euclidean distance between each area and the cluster center, the area with the closest distance is divided into one category to obtain the preliminary clustering results. Based on the preliminary clustering results, the core objects of each cluster area are extracted by the DBSCAN clustering algorithm, and the noise points and boundary points are removed to further optimize the cluster boundaries, and the areas with similar environmental characteristics are divided into several clusters, each cluster representing an environmental characteristic area; The spatial analysis techniques of buffer zone analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries, and then the clustering boundaries are optimized to make the clustering boundaries coincide with the actual geographic boundaries, thereby obtaining the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results, and generating zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps; The process of extracting the environmental characteristic index of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, and using the singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space to obtain the environmental quality evaluation result includes: According to the rural environmental characteristic zoning results, the boundary coordinate data of each environmental characteristic area is obtained to determine the evaluation unit; For each evaluation unit, extract characteristic index data reflecting the status of air, water and soil environmental elements, and standardize the environmental characteristic index data of each evaluation unit to eliminate the influence of dimension and order of magnitude differences; According to the environmental characteristic index data, the singular value decomposition method is used to decompose a matrix into the product of three specific matrices to reduce the data dimension, and then extract the characteristics reflecting the environmental quality, and then obtain the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit; According to the environmental quality grade classification standards, the grade of the comprehensive environmental quality index of each evaluation unit is determined to obtain the environmental quality evaluation results.

2. The rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement environment conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis are used to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundaries and administrative boundaries. The process of optimizing the cluster boundaries then includes: Obtain the geographic boundary and administrative boundary data of the study area and perform spatial registration and vectorization processing. Then, use the spatial analysis techniques of buffer analysis and overlay analysis to overlay the clustering results with the geographic boundary and administrative boundary to identify the deviation between the cluster boundary and the actual boundary. According to the overlay analysis results, the cluster boundaries are optimized and adjusted to make them coincide with the actual geographical boundaries. The optimized cluster boundaries are spatially associated with the rural environmental characteristic data to obtain the optimized rural environmental characteristic zoning results.

3. The rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement environment conditions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Based on the results of the overlay analysis, the process of optimizing the cluster boundaries includes: Spatial overlay analysis is used to compare the optimized cluster boundaries with the actual boundaries, and the overlap rate and deviation distance between the cluster boundaries and the actual boundaries are calculated; for areas where the deviation distance exceeds the preset distance, buffer analysis is used to generate buffers, and the cluster boundaries are adjusted to match the actual geographic boundaries.

4. The rural environment assessment method based on modern human settlement environment conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of generating the zoning map and the environmental quality thematic map includes: The rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results are visualized, and GIS spatial visualization technology is used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps to intuitively display the spatial distribution characteristics and environmental quality status of the rural environment.

5. A rural environment assessment system based on modern human settlement environment conditions, used to implement the rural environment assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: Data collection and processing module, used to collect and obtain basic data on rural environment; A data fusion and standardization module, used for fusing and normalizing the rural environment basic data of different sources and formats to obtain a target data set; An environmental characteristic zoning module is used to perform rural environmental characteristic zoning based on the target data set, sampling space clustering algorithm and spatial analysis technology to obtain rural environmental characteristic zoning results; An environmental quality assessment module is used to extract environmental characteristic indicators of each environmental characteristic area in the rural environmental characteristic zoning result, and use a singular value decomposition method to dynamically evaluate the environmental quality status of each environmental characteristic area in time and space to obtain an environmental quality assessment result; Visual expression module, used to generate zoning maps and environmental quality thematic maps, visually displaying rural environmental characteristics; The assessment and early warning module establishes a rural environmental assessment and early warning mechanism, makes threshold judgments on the environmental quality evaluation results, and when the environmental quality indicators of a certain area exceed the preset threshold, promptly issues early warnings and takes corresponding control measures, and dynamically updates the rural environmental characteristic zoning results and environmental quality evaluation results according to environmental changes.

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