An assembled multi-stage friction damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembled multi-stage friction damper, belonging to the technical field of building shock-absorbing structures. In this solution, a clamping plate and a sliding plate are provided. When the building structure is displaced due to vibration, part of the energy generated will be transmitted to two connecting main boards, and the two connecting main boards will produce relative movement, thereby causing the sliding plate and the clamping plate respectively connected to the two connecting main boards to produce relative friction. Since the connection between the sliding plate and the clamping plate in this solution is only a fitting setting, the sliding plate and the clamping plate can relatively perform sliding friction in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions. The force generated by the displacement of the building structure can be decomposed into forces in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions. Therefore, part of the energy in the displacement of the building structure can be converted into sliding friction in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions for consumption, thereby realizing the consumption of the displacement energy of the building structure in multiple directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building shock-absorbing structures, and in particular relates to an assembled multi-stage friction damper. Background Art

[0002] The mechanism by which friction dampers dissipate energy of building structures is that part of the energy of displacement of the building structure is consumed through the friction of the friction dampers, thereby achieving the purpose of energy dissipation and shock reduction.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with patent application publication number: CN114961007A discloses a multi-stage sliding friction damper and its connection structure. The friction damper includes a first-stage sliding plate, a pressure plate and a multi-stage sliding plate connected by high-strength bolts, and a disc spring is arranged at one end of the high-strength bolt; a pressure plate is arranged on the inner side of the first-stage sliding plate, a friction plate is arranged between the first-stage sliding plate and the pressure plate, a multi-stage sliding plate is arranged on the inner side of the pressure plate, and a friction plate is arranged between the pressure plate and the multi-stage sliding plate.

[0004] Based on the search of the publication number of the above patent application and the shortcomings found therein:

[0005] Existing friction dampers consume part of the energy of displacement of building structures through sliding friction in a single direction. However, in actual situations, the displacement of building structures is uncertain and multi-directional, and friction dampers can only consume vibration displacement in a single direction, which results in that the energy consumption of the displacement of building structures by actual friction dampers is very small. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing friction dampers consume part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure through sliding friction in a single direction, but in actual situations, the displacement of the building structure is uncertain and multi-directional, and the friction damper can only consume the vibration displacement in a single direction, which leads to the problem that the energy consumption of the actual friction damper in the displacement of the building structure is very small, the present invention provides an assembled multi-stage friction damper.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An assembled multi-stage friction damper comprises two connecting main plates and a friction assembly, wherein the two connecting main plates are respectively arranged at two ends of a building structure, and the two ends of the friction assembly are respectively connected to the two connecting main plates; the friction assembly comprises two clamping plates and a sliding plate, wherein the two clamping plates are arranged in parallel in the same connecting main plate, the sliding plate is arranged in another connecting main plate, the sliding plate is located between the two clamping plates, and the sliding plate and the clamping plate are respectively arranged to fit each other at one end away from the connecting main plate;

[0009] The friction assembly also includes a connecting rod and two sets of locking units, the sliding plate and the clamping plate each have a sliding groove at one end away from the connecting main plate, the connecting rod can be slidably inserted into the sliding groove, and the two sets of locking units are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod; the locking unit includes a connecting nut and a connecting spring, the connecting nut is coaxially arranged at both ends of the connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting spring are respectively connected to the connecting nut and the clamping plate; the height dimension of the sliding groove is greater than the diameter dimension of the connecting rod, and smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the connecting nut;

[0010] It also includes two damping units, there is a damping space between the sliding plate and the two clamping plates, the two damping spaces and the two damping units are matched one-to-one, and any of the damping units is arranged in the corresponding damping space; the damping unit includes a telescopic rod and a friction plate, the telescopic rod is vertically arranged at one end of the sliding plate, the friction plate is arranged on the other side of the telescopic rod, and the friction plate is slidably fitted with the side wall of the clamping plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the telescopic rod includes a plurality of telescopic shafts with hollow interiors and a telescopic spring. Along the vertical direction from the sliding plate to the clamping plate, the plurality of telescopic shafts are slidably arranged in sequence. The telescopic shaft close to the clamping plate can be locked or released so as to be retracted into the adjacent telescopic shaft close to the sliding plate. The two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively connected to the telescopic shaft closest to the sliding plate and the telescopic shaft closest to the clamping plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the friction plate includes a plurality of annular friction blocks, and the plurality of annular friction blocks are matched with a plurality of telescopic shafts in a one-to-one correspondence, and any of the annular friction blocks is connected to an end of the corresponding telescopic shaft close to the clamping plate.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outer diameter of the annular friction block gradually decreases along the vertical direction from the sliding plate to the clamping plate; the annular friction blocks are all provided with matching slots, and the inner diameter of the matching slots of the annular friction blocks close to the sliding plate is the same as the outer diameter of the adjacent annular friction blocks close to the clamping plate, and several annular friction blocks can be locked or released from their matching relationship on the same horizontal plane.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting main board includes a main body plate, a connecting sleeve and a friction assembly. The main body plate is connected to the building structure, the main body plate is provided with a friction space, the friction assembly is slidably arranged in the friction space, the connecting sleeve is connected to the friction assembly, and the connecting sleeve is connected to the sliding plate; the other connecting sleeve is connected to the splint.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the friction assembly includes a friction shell and a friction plate, the friction shell is slidably arranged in the main body plate, one end of the friction plate is connected to the connecting sleeve, the friction shell is provided with a friction slot hole, the friction plate is slidably arranged in the friction slot hole, the height dimension of the friction slot hole is higher than the height dimension of the friction plate, the length dimension of the friction slot hole is longer than the length dimension of the friction plate, and the two side wall surfaces of the friction slot hole are respectively arranged to fit each other with the two side wall surfaces of the friction plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the friction assembly further includes a friction base plate, which is arranged in the main body plate, and the friction shell is slidably arranged on the friction base plate along a length direction parallel to the axis direction of the telescopic rod.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the friction force between the friction shell and the friction plate is greater than the maximum friction force between the clamping plate and the friction plate; the friction force between the friction base plate and the friction shell is greater than the maximum force between the telescopic rod and the clamping plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] In this solution, a clamping plate and a sliding plate are provided. When the building structure is displaced due to vibration, part of the energy generated will be transmitted to the two connecting main boards, and the two connecting main boards will move relative to each other, thereby causing the sliding plate and the clamping plate respectively connected to the two connecting main boards to generate relative friction. Since the connection between the sliding plate and the clamping plate in this solution is only a fitting setting, the sliding plate and the clamping plate can slide relative to each other in the vertical, horizontal and lateral directions. Since the displacement of the building structure is uncertain and multi-directional, the force generated by the displacement of the building structure can be decomposed into the vertical, horizontal and lateral directions. Upward force, so this design can convert part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure into sliding friction in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions for consumption, thereby realizing the consumption of the displacement energy of the building structure in multiple directions, solving the problem that the existing friction dampers consume part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure through sliding friction in a single direction, but in actual situations, the displacement of the building structure is uncertain and multi-directional, and the friction damper can only consume the vibration displacement in a single direction, which leads to the problem that the actual friction damper consumes very little energy in the displacement of the building structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall diagram of an assembled multi-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of a connection main board of an assembled multi-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view of a connecting main board of an assembled multi-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an internal cross-sectional view of a telescopic rod of an assembled multi-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the friction component structure of an assembled multi-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged cross-sectional view at point A.

[0027] Description of main symbols:

[0028] In the figure: 1, connecting main board; 101, main board; 102, connecting sleeve; 2, connecting rod; 3, connecting nut; 4, connecting spring; 5, telescopic rod; 501, telescopic shaft; 502, telescopic spring; 6, friction plate; 601, annular friction block; 7, clamping plate; 8, sliding plate; 9, friction assembly; 901, friction shell; 902, friction plate; 903, friction bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0030] See also Figure 1-6 The present embodiment provides an assembled multi-stage friction damper, comprising two connecting main boards 1 and a friction assembly 9, wherein the two connecting main boards 1 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the building structure, and the two ends of the friction assembly 9 are respectively connected to the two connecting main boards 1; the friction assembly 9 comprises two clamping plates 7 and a sliding plate 8, wherein the two clamping plates 7 are arranged in parallel in the same connecting main board 1, and the sliding plate 8 is arranged in the other connecting main board 1, and the sliding plate 8 is located between the two clamping plates 7, and the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 are respectively arranged to fit each other at one end away from the connecting main board 1. By providing the clamping plates 7 and the sliding plates 8, when the building structure is displaced due to vibration, part of the energy generated will be transmitted to the two connecting main boards 1, and the two connecting main boards 1 will produce relative movement, thereby causing the sliding plates 8 and the clamping plates 7 respectively connected to the two connecting main boards 1 to produce relative friction. Since the connection between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 in this scheme is only a fitting setting, the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 are Sliding friction can be performed relatively in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions. Since the displacement of the building structure is uncertain and multi-directional, but the force generated by the displacement of the building structure can be decomposed into forces in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions, such a design can convert part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure into sliding friction in the vertical, horizontal and transverse directions for consumption, thereby realizing the consumption of the displacement energy of the building structure in multiple directions, solving the problem that the existing friction dampers all consume part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure through sliding friction in a single direction, but in actual situations, the displacement of the building structure is uncertain and multi-directional, and the friction damper can only consume the vibration displacement in a single direction, which leads to the problem that the actual friction damper consumes very little energy in the displacement of the building structure.

[0031] Specifically, the friction assembly 9 of the present solution also includes a connecting rod 2 and two sets of locking units. The sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 are each provided with a sliding groove at one end away from the connecting main plate 1. The connecting rod 2 can be slidably inserted into the sliding groove. The two sets of locking units are respectively arranged at the two ends of the connecting rod 2; the locking unit includes a connecting nut 3 and a connecting spring 4. The connecting nut 3 is coaxially arranged at the two ends of the connecting rod 2. The two ends of the connecting spring 4 are respectively connected to the connecting nut 3 and the clamping plate 7; by providing the connecting rod 2 and the locking unit, the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 are fitted together, thereby ensuring the effect of sliding friction between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7. In addition, it is also worth noting that the height dimension of the sliding groove of the present solution is greater than the diameter dimension of the connecting rod 2 and smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the connecting nut 3; such a setting ensures that the setting of the connecting rod 2 will not affect the relative sliding between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7, and at the same time, it can also ensure the structural effect between the connecting rod 2 and the locking unit, and can limit the sliding plate 8 to always fit the clamping plate 7.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to enhance the sliding friction effect between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7, the present solution also includes two damping units. There is a damping space between the sliding plate 8 and the two clamping plates 7. The two damping spaces correspond to the two damping units one by one, and any damping unit is arranged in the corresponding damping space; the damping unit includes a telescopic rod 5 and a friction plate 6. The telescopic rod 5 is vertically arranged at one end of the sliding plate 8, and the friction plate 6 is arranged at the other side of the telescopic rod 5. The friction plate 6 and the side wall of the clamping plate 7 are slidably fitted. By providing the friction plate 6, the sliding friction coefficient between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 is increased, thereby increasing the sliding friction force between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7, thereby further consuming part of the energy of displacement of the building structure.

[0033] Specifically, the telescopic rod 5 of the present invention includes a plurality of hollow telescopic shafts 501 and telescopic springs 502. Along the vertical direction from the sliding plate 8 to the clamping plate 7, the plurality of telescopic shafts 501 are arranged in a slidable manner in sequence. The telescopic shaft 501 close to the clamping plate 7 can be locked or released from its contraction into the telescopic shaft 501 adjacent to the sliding plate 8. The two ends of the telescopic spring 502 are respectively connected to the telescopic shaft 501 closest to the sliding plate 8 and the telescopic shaft 501 closest to the clamping plate 7. In addition, the friction plate 6 of the present invention includes a plurality of annular friction blocks 601, a plurality of annular friction blocks 602, and a plurality of annular friction blocks 603. The rubbing block 601 is matched with several telescopic shafts 501 one by one, and any annular friction block 601 is connected to the end of the corresponding telescopic shaft 501 near the clamping plate 7; and along the vertical direction from the sliding plate 8 to the clamping plate 7, the outer diameter of the annular friction block 601 is gradually reduced, and the annular friction block 601 is provided with a matching slot, and the inner diameter of the matching slot of the annular friction block 601 near the sliding plate 8 is the same as the outer diameter of the adjacent annular friction block 601 near the clamping plate 7, and several annular friction blocks 601 can lock or release their matching relationship located in the same horizontal plane. Through such a setting, when the distance between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 is constantly approaching, the contact area between the clamping plate 7 and the annular friction block 601 will increase, and then when the distance between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 is constantly approaching, the sliding friction area between the clamping plate 7 and the sliding plate 8 will increase, and then the sliding friction force between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 will increase, further consuming part of the energy of the displacement of the building structure.

[0034] Furthermore, the connecting main board 1 of this solution includes a main board 101, a connecting sleeve 102 and a friction component 9. The main board 101 is connected to the building structure. The main board 101 is provided with a friction space. The friction component 9 can be slidably arranged in the friction space. One end of each of the two connecting sleeves 102 is connected to the friction component 9, and the other end of one connecting sleeve 102 is connected to the sliding plate 8; the other end of the other connecting sleeve 102 is connected to the clamping plate 7. It is worth noting that the existing friction damper only works under strong earthquakes, and often provides greater stiffness for small and medium earthquakes and wind load conditions with higher frequency, and cannot play the role of energy dissipation and shock reduction. Based on this, the sliding friction between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 set in this solution is specifically used to consume the energy generated when the building structure is displaced by small and medium earthquakes. The friction component 9 set in the connecting main board 1 is used to consume the energy generated when the building structure is displaced by a strong earthquake.

[0035] Specifically, the friction assembly 9 of this solution includes a friction housing 901 and a friction plate 902. The friction housing 901 is slidably disposed in the main body plate 101. One end of the friction plate 902 is connected to the connecting sleeve 102. The friction plate 902 is slidably disposed in the friction housing 901 along the depth direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the telescopic rod 5. The friction plate 902 is slidably disposed in the friction housing 901 along the height direction. Specifically, the friction housing 901 of this solution is provided with a friction slot, and the friction plate 902 is slidably disposed in the friction slot. The height dimension of the friction slot is higher than the height dimension of the friction plate 902, so the friction plate 902 can be slidably disposed in the friction housing 901 along its height direction; the length dimension of the friction slot is longer than the length dimension of the friction plate 902, so the friction plate 902 can slide along the length direction of the friction slot. It should be noted that the length direction of the friction slot is the same as the depth direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the telescopic rod 5. The two side walls of the friction slot are respectively arranged to fit together with the two side walls of the friction plate 902; through such an arrangement, the friction plate 902 can be slidably arranged in the friction shell 901 respectively or simultaneously along the depth direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the telescopic rod 5 and along the height direction. When the friction plate 902 slides in the friction shell 901, the friction plate 902 and the friction shell 901 will consume the energy in the vertical direction and the depth direction generated when the building structure is displaced through sliding friction.

[0036] In addition, the friction assembly 9 of the present solution also includes a friction base plate 903, which is arranged in the main body plate 101, and the friction shell 901 is slidably arranged on the friction base plate 903 along the length direction parallel to the axial direction of the telescopic rod 5. Through such a setting, when the friction shell 901 slides on the friction base plate 903, the friction shell 901 and the friction base plate 903 will consume the energy in the lateral direction generated when the building structure is displaced through sliding friction.

[0037] It is worth noting that in order to ensure that the friction component 9 is set in the main board 1 of the present solution to consume the energy generated when a strong earthquake causes the building structure to move, the friction force between the friction shell 901 and the friction plate 902 is greater than the maximum friction force between the clamping plate 7 and the friction plate 6; the friction force between the friction bottom plate 903 and the friction shell 901 is greater than the maximum force between the telescopic rod 5 and the clamping plate 7.

[0038] In addition, this scheme briefly describes the working process of the device:

[0039] First of all, it should be explained that when the building structure is displaced due to vibration, the present solution decomposes the displacement direction into three directions. Here, taking the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 5 as an example, they are respectively a width direction parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 5 in the horizontal plane, a length direction perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 5 in the horizontal plane, and a height direction perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 5 in the vertical plane.

[0040] When the building structure undergoes a small displacement due to vibration, part of the energy generated will be transmitted to the two connecting main boards 1, and the two connecting main boards 1 will produce relative movement, thereby causing relative friction between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 respectively connected to the two connecting main boards 1. At this time, the energy generated by the displacement of the building structure is mainly consumed by the damping component; specifically, since the clamping plate 7 and the sliding plate 8 can undergo relative displacement along the length direction and the vertical direction, the telescopic rod 5 provided on the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 will also undergo relative displacement along the length direction and the vertical direction; since the friction plate 6 provided on the telescopic rod 5 will slide in contact with the clamping plate 7, the friction plate 6 and the clamping plate 7 will also undergo relative displacement along the length direction and the vertical direction, thereby achieving the consumption of the energy generated by the displacement of the building structure.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that the telescopic rod 5 of the present scheme adopts a plurality of telescopic shafts 501 which are slidably arranged in sequence, and the telescopic shaft 501 close to the splint 7 can be retracted into the telescopic shaft 501 adjacent to the sliding plate 8, and the plurality of telescopic shafts 501 are matched one-to-one with a plurality of annular friction blocks 601, and any annular friction block 601 is coaxially connected to one end of the corresponding telescopic shaft 501 close to the splint 7, and the outer diameter of the annular friction block 601 gradually decreases along the vertical direction from the sliding plate 8 to the splint 7; the annular friction blocks 601 are all coaxially provided with mating slots, and the inner diameter of the mating slots of the annular friction block 601 close to the sliding plate 8 is the same as the outer diameter of the adjacent annular friction block 601 close to the splint 7.

[0042] With such an arrangement, when the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 are relatively displaced along the width direction, the distance between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 will inevitably decrease, so that the telescopic shafts 501 located between the sliding plate 8 and the clamping plate 7 will retract into the telescopic shaft 501 closest to the sliding plate 8, and the annular friction blocks 601 arranged on the plurality of telescopic shafts 501 will merge with each other. The plurality of annular friction blocks 601 can lock their matching relationship located in the same horizontal plane, so that the fitting area between the annular friction blocks 601 and the clamping plate 7 becomes larger and larger, thereby consuming more energy in the displacement of the building structure.

[0043] When the building structure undergoes a large displacement due to vibration, since the length of the slide groove and the sliding displacement of the connecting rod 2 are limited, the energy of the displacement of the building structure is mainly consumed by the friction component 9; specifically, when the friction plate 902 slides in the friction shell 901 along the length direction, the displacement energy from the length direction is consumed; when the friction plate 902 slides in the friction shell 901 along the height direction, the displacement energy from the height direction is consumed; when the friction shell 901 slides on the friction bottom plate 903 along the width direction, the displacement energy from the width direction is consumed, thereby realizing energy consumption of the displacement of the building structure when the building structure undergoes a large displacement.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled multi-stage friction damper, characterized in that: It comprises two connecting main boards and a friction assembly, wherein the two connecting main boards are respectively arranged at two ends of the building structure, and the two ends of the friction assembly are respectively connected to the two connecting main boards; the friction assembly comprises two clamping plates and a sliding plate, wherein the two clamping plates are arranged in parallel in the same connecting main board, the sliding plate is arranged in another connecting main board, the sliding plate is located between the two clamping plates, and the sliding plate and the clamping plate are respectively arranged at one end away from the connecting main board to fit each other; The friction assembly also includes a connecting rod and two sets of locking units, the sliding plate and the clamping plate each have a sliding groove at one end away from the connecting main plate, the connecting rod can be slidably inserted into the sliding groove, and the two sets of locking units are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod; the locking unit includes a connecting nut and a connecting spring, the connecting nut is coaxially arranged at both ends of the connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting spring are respectively connected to the connecting nut and the clamping plate; the height dimension of the sliding groove is greater than the diameter dimension of the connecting rod, and smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the connecting nut; It also includes two damping units, a damping space exists between the sliding plate and the two clamping plates, the two damping spaces correspond to the two damping units one by one, and any of the damping units is arranged in the corresponding damping space; the damping unit includes a telescopic rod and a friction plate, the telescopic rod is vertically arranged at one end of the sliding plate, the friction plate is arranged at the other side of the telescopic rod, and the friction plate is arranged in contact with the side wall of the clamping plate; The telescopic rod includes a plurality of telescopic shafts with hollow interiors and a telescopic spring. Along the vertical direction from the sliding plate to the clamping plate, the plurality of telescopic shafts are arranged in a slidable manner in sequence. The telescopic shaft close to the clamping plate can be locked or released so as to be retracted into the adjacent telescopic shaft close to the sliding plate. The two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively connected to the telescopic shaft closest to the sliding plate and the telescopic shaft closest to the clamping plate. The connecting main board includes a main body plate, a connecting sleeve and a friction component. The main body plate is connected to the building structure. The main body plate is provided with a friction space. The friction component is slidably arranged in the friction space. The connecting sleeve is connected to the friction component. The connecting sleeve is connected to the sliding plate. Another connecting sleeve is connected to the clamping plate. The friction assembly comprises a friction shell and a friction plate, wherein the friction shell is slidably arranged in the main body plate, one end of the friction plate is connected to the connecting sleeve, the friction shell is provided with a friction slot, the friction plate is slidably arranged in the friction slot, the height dimension of the friction slot is higher than the height dimension of the friction plate, the length dimension of the friction slot is longer than the length dimension of the friction plate, and the two side walls of the friction slot are respectively arranged to fit with the two side walls of the friction plate; The friction assembly further comprises a friction bottom plate, the friction bottom plate is arranged in the main body plate, and the friction housing is slidably arranged on the friction bottom plate along a length direction parallel to the axis direction of the telescopic rod; The friction force between the friction shell and the friction plate is greater than the maximum friction force between the clamping plate and the friction plate; the friction force between the friction bottom plate and the friction shell is greater than the maximum force between the telescopic rod and the clamping plate.

2. The assembled multi-stage friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plate comprises a plurality of annular friction blocks, and the plurality of annular friction blocks are matched with a plurality of telescopic shafts in a one-to-one correspondence, and any of the annular friction blocks is connected to an end of the corresponding telescopic shaft close to the clamping plate.

3. The assembled multi-stage friction damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the vertical direction from the sliding plate to the clamping plate, the outer diameter of the annular friction block gradually decreases; the annular friction blocks are all provided with matching slots, and the inner diameter of the matching slots of the annular friction blocks close to the sliding plate is the same as the outer diameter of the adjacent annular friction blocks close to the clamping plate, and several annular friction blocks can be locked or released from their matching relationship on the same horizontal plane.

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