A bearing stress environment verification device and method

Abstract

The application provides a bearing stress environment verification device and method, and belongs to the field of helicopter typical structure component environment simulation test. In the device, one end of a first connecting rope is connected with a second bearing outer ring and is hung on a post, and the other end is connected with a first counterweight. One end of a second connecting rope is connected with a rotating shaft, and the other end is hung on the post and is connected with a second counterweight. A rudder installation support bottom is fixedly connected with a bottom plate, and a rudder is fixed on a rudder installation support surface. A load sensor is screwed with a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod at both ends, the second connecting rod joint is hinged with a rudder rocker, and the first connecting rod joint is hinged with one end of a rocker arm. A spring damping system is hinged with the other end of the rocker arm at one end and is connected with the bottom plate at the other end. A first bearing and a third bearing are screwed and fixed with a bearing seat. The device can realize load application on the bearing stress environment, involves axial, lateral, vertical and random sine and steering force load environment simulation, and meets the test verification and examination requirements of bearing selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental simulation testing technology for typical structural components of helicopters, and particularly relates to a bearing stress environment verification device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Bearings are critical and essential components in mechanical products, and their performance significantly impacts overall product quality. In the helicopter industry, bearing quality plays a decisive role in helicopter performance, directly affecting the safety of personnel and property. Therefore, bearings used in helicopter structures must undergo rigorous testing to ensure they perform optimally under helicopter operating conditions, meeting all required service life and functional specifications.

[0003] Currently, all performance indicators for bearings are completed during the bearing product design and development stage. The evaluation strictly adheres to the manufacturer's established indicators. When purchasing bearings, users only need to buy the corresponding specifications that meet their performance and functional requirements. The manufacturer's evaluation is limited to general applications and extreme conditions. For special operating environments, due to the narrow scope of application and high implementation costs, corresponding testing and verification are not conducted. The unique operating environment of helicopters necessitates supplementary bearing testing in the helicopter's operating environment to verify whether the selected bearings meet the various performance requirements. The key technology for conducting these supplementary tests is designing a load simulation device for the bearing's operating environment to reproduce the actual vibration environment of the bearing under operating conditions.

[0004] Current bearing load environment simulation functions are relatively limited, and their stress environment differs significantly from that of helicopters, making them unsuitable for verifying and simulating the working loads of helicopter bearings. Helicopter bearings, however, experience stress environments characterized by low rotational speeds, small loads, and the application of a combination of static and dynamic forces, with the dynamic forces exhibiting a superposition of random and sinusoidal forces. Therefore, based on these environmental characteristics, a bearing stress environment verification device needs to be designed to evaluate the functionality and performance of selected bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that the bearing load environment simulation function in related technologies is relatively limited and cannot be used to verify and simulate the working load of helicopter bearings, this invention provides a bearing stress environment verification device and method. This device and method apply loads to the bearing stress environment, primarily involving axial, lateral, vertical, and randomly applied sinusoidal and control forces (elastic and damping forces) load environment simulation, thus meeting the experimental verification and assessment requirements for bearing selection. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a bearing stress environment verification device is provided, comprising: a column 1, a counterweight, a vibration table 4, a connecting rope, a servo motor mounting support 6, a servo motor 7, a connecting rod, a load sensor 9, a rocker arm 10, a spring damping system 11, a base plate 13, a bearing housing 14, a bearing, and a rotating shaft 16.

[0007] The connecting ropes include a first connecting rope 5-1 and a second connecting rope 5-2; the bearings include a second bearing 15-2 and a first bearing 15-1; the counterweights include a first counterweight 2-1 and a second counterweight 2-2; and the connecting rods include a first connecting rod 8-1 and a second connecting rod 8-2.

[0008] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after being hung on the column 1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1; one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after being hung on the column 1, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0009] The base plate 13 is fixedly installed on the vibration table 4; the bottom of the servo motor mounting support 6 is fixedly connected to the base plate 13 to form a whole, and the servo motor 7 is fixed on the support surface of the servo motor mounting support 6; the two ends of the load sensor 9 are screwed to the first link 8-1 and the second link 8-2 respectively, the second link 8-2 joint is hinged to the rocker arm of the servo motor 7, and the first link 8-1 joint is hinged to one end of the rocker arm 10;

[0010] The rocker arm 10 is fixedly nested on the rotary shaft 16. One end of the spring damping system 11 is hinged to the other end of the rocker arm 10, and the other end is connected to the base plate 13 to form a whole. The first bearing 15-1 and the third bearing 17 are respectively screwed to the bearing seat 14, and the bearing seat 14 is fixedly installed on the base plate 13 to form a whole. The second bearing 15-2 and the first bearing 15-1 are nested and fixedly installed on the rotary shaft 16, and the third bearing 17 is nested and installed on the rotary shaft 16.

[0011] Optionally, one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16 via a connecting bolt 18.

[0012] Optionally, the other end of the spring damping system 11 is hinged to the fixed fork lug 12, which is fixedly mounted on the base plate 13.

[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes a pulley assembly, which includes a first pulley assembly 3-1.

[0014] The first pulley assembly 3-1 is fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0015] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after passing through the first pulley assembly 3-1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1.

[0016] Furthermore, the pulley assembly also includes a second pulley assembly 3-2.

[0017] The second pulley assembly 3-2 is fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0018] One end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after passing through the second pulley assembly 3-2, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0019] The spring-damping system 11 includes a spring and a damper connected to the spring.

[0020] One end of the spring is hinged to the other end of the rocker arm 10; the other end of the spring is connected to the base plate 13 through a damper.

[0021] The first pulley assembly 3-1 and the second pulley assembly 3-2 both include: a pulley fork lug and a pulley, with the pulley fork lug and the pulley connected by a pulley shaft.

[0022] The pulley forks of the first pulley assembly 3-1 and the second pulley assembly 3-2 are fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0023] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after passing through the pulley of the first pulley assembly 3-1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1;

[0024] One end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after passing through the pulley of the second pulley assembly 3-2, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0025] Secondly, a method for verifying the stress environment of a bearing is provided. This method is used in any of the devices described in the first aspect, and includes: axial static load environment simulation, lateral and vertical static load environment simulation, random sinusoidal load environment simulation, and operating force load environment simulation.

[0026] The axial static load environment simulation is as follows: Connect one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 to the rotating shaft 16 and the other end to the second counterweight 2-2. Adjust the vertical position of the second pulley assembly 3-2 and the column 1 to keep the horizontal section of the second connecting rope 5-2 and the rotating shaft 16 on the same axis. Based on the actual obtained axial static load of the bearing, set the weight of the second counterweight 2-2 to realize the axial static load environment simulation of the stressed bearing.

[0027] The simulation of lateral and vertical static load environment is as follows: one end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1. Based on the resultant force of the bearing's lateral and vertical static loads, the weight of the first counterweight 2-1 is set. Finally, the vertical position of the first pulley assembly 3-1 and the column 1 is adjusted so that the upper half of the first connecting rope 5-1 is at a preset angle to the horizontal plane. This decouples the lateral and vertical static loads and realizes the simulation of the lateral and vertical static load environment of the bearing under stress.

[0028] The random sinusoidal load environment simulation is as follows: The actual acquired random sinusoidal load environment spectrum is input into the measurement and control software, the error band required by the test is set, and the vibration table 4 is driven by the measurement and control software and power amplifier to transmit the load sequentially to the base plate 13, bearing seat 14, rotating shaft 16, and bearings (second bearing 15-2 and first bearing 15-1) to realize the random sinusoidal load environment simulation of the stressed bearings.

[0029] The simulation of the control force load environment is as follows: the swing amplitude and frequency of the servo motor 7 are controlled by the actual control force and load sensor 9. The servo motor 7 drives the linkage, which drives the rocker arm 10 to work. The other end of the rocker arm 10 is hinged to the spring damping system 11, thereby driving the spring damping system 11 to start working, thus realizing the simulation of the control force load environment.

[0030] The above simulations of bearing loads can work together to form the stress environment of the bearing in actual operation.

[0031] This invention can simulate the stress loads on helicopter bearings, assessing their performance and lifespan under special operating conditions. It overcomes the limitations of current laboratory load simulations, which only apply a single type of load to test specimens. By simultaneously applying loads from real-world environments to the test specimens, it more realistically simulates the stress conditions experienced by bearings during use. The device described in this invention, through its innovative design, is easier to operate and more precise to control compared to previous methods, significantly saving testing time and costs and improving testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bearing stress environment verification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the base plate structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of partial connections of the device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This invention provides a bearing stress environment verification device and method, which can be used to apply loads to the bearing's operating environment. This mainly involves simulating axial, lateral, and vertical static loads, as well as randomly applied sinusoidal and control forces (elastic and damping forces), to meet the requirements for bearing selection. This invention can be used to evaluate bearing selection in helicopter applications, serving as a supplementary test for a specific application after bearings leave the factory. Through this test, bearing specifications suitable for the helicopter's stress environment can be selected, improving the overall safety of the helicopter. Furthermore, this invention can also be used to reproduce bearing failures, providing technical support for subsequent optimization and improvement of the helicopter.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a bearing stress environment verification device, comprising: a column 1, a counterweight, a vibration table 4, a connecting rope, a servo motor mounting support 6, a servo motor 7, a connecting rod, a load sensor 9, a rocker arm 10, a spring damping system 11, a base plate 13, a bearing housing 14, a bearing, and a rotating shaft 16.

[0037] The connecting ropes include a first connecting rope 5-1 and a second connecting rope 5-2; the bearings include a second bearing 15-2 and a first bearing 15-1; the counterweights include a first counterweight 2-1 and a second counterweight 2-2; and the connecting rods include a first connecting rod 8-1 and a second connecting rod 8-2.

[0038] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after being hung on the column 1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1; one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after being hung on the column 1, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0039] The base plate 13 is fixedly installed on the vibration table 4;

[0040] The bottom of the servo motor mounting support 6 is fixedly connected to the base plate 13 to form a whole, and the servo motor 7 is fixed on the support surface of the servo motor mounting support 6; the two ends of the load sensor 9 are screwed to the first link 8-1 and the second link 8-2 respectively, the second link 8-2 joint is hinged to the rocker arm of the servo motor 7, and the first link 8-1 joint is hinged to one end of the rocker arm 10.

[0041] The rocker arm 10 is fixedly nested on the rotary shaft 16. One end of the spring damping system 11 is hinged to the other end of the rocker arm 10, and the other end is connected to the base plate 13, forming a whole. The first bearing 15-1 and the third bearing 17 are respectively screwed to the bearing seat 14, which is fixedly mounted on the base plate 13, forming a whole. The second bearing 15-2 and the first bearing 15-1 are nested and fixedly mounted on the rotary shaft 16, and the third bearing 17 is nested and mounted on the rotary shaft 16, as shown. Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] The vibration table 4 simulates a randomized sinusoidal environmental load spectrum, which is applied to the base plate 13 and transmitted to the test piece, i.e., the bearing. The servo motor 7 drives the rocker arm 10 to realize the rotational motion of the bearing, simulating its actual working condition. The spring damping system 11 simulates the elastic force and damping force during the rotational motion of the bearing. The load sensor 9 monitors the performance changes of the bearing during operation. The column 1, counterweight 2, pulley assembly 3, and connecting rope 5 are connected to the test piece to simulate the axial, lateral, and vertical static loads experienced by the second bearing 15-2 and the first bearing 15-1 during operation.

[0043] In one embodiment, one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16 via a connecting bolt 18.

[0044] In one embodiment, the other end of the spring damping system 11 is hinged to the fixed fork lug 12, which is fixedly mounted on the base plate 13.

[0045] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the device further includes a pulley assembly, which includes a first pulley assembly 3-1.

[0046] The first pulley assembly 3-1 is fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0047] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after passing through the first pulley assembly 3-1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1.

[0048] Furthermore, the pulley assembly also includes a second pulley assembly 3-2.

[0049] The second pulley assembly 3-2 is fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0050] One end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after passing through the second pulley assembly 3-2, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0051] The spring-damping system 11 includes a spring and a damper connected to the spring.

[0052] One end of the spring is hinged to the other end of the rocker arm 10; the other end of the spring is connected to the base plate 13 through a damper.

[0053] The first pulley assembly 3-1 and the second pulley assembly 3-2 both include: a pulley fork lug and a pulley, with the pulley fork lug and the pulley connected by a pulley shaft.

[0054] The pulley forks of the first pulley assembly 3-1 and the second pulley assembly 3-2 are fixedly connected to the column 1;

[0055] One end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and after passing through the pulley of the first pulley assembly 3-1, the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1;

[0056] One end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16, and after passing through the pulley of the second pulley assembly 3-2, the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2.

[0057] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The present invention also provides a bearing stress environment verification method, which is used in the apparatus described in the present invention, and the method includes:

[0058] Assembly of the bearing stress environment verification device;

[0059] The third bearing 17 is screwed to the bearing housing 14 and then nested on the rotating shaft 16.

[0060] Axial static load environment simulation: In implementation, one end of the second connecting rope 5-2 is connected to the rotating shaft 16 via connecting bolt 18, and the other end is connected to the second counterweight 2-2. The vertical positions of the second pulley assembly 3-2 and the column 1 are adjusted to keep the horizontal section of the second connecting rope 5-2 and the rotating shaft 16 on the same axis. Based on the actual obtained axial static load of the bearing, the weight of the second counterweight 2-2 is set to realize the axial static load environment simulation of the stressed bearing.

[0061] Lateral and vertical static load environment simulation: In the implementation, one end of the first connecting rope 5-1 is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 15-2, and the other end is connected to the first counterweight 2-1. Based on the resultant force of the bearing's lateral and vertical static loads, the weight of the first counterweight 2-1 is set. Finally, the vertical position of the first pulley assembly 3-1 and the column 1 is adjusted so that the upper half of the first connecting rope 5-1 is at a preset angle to the horizontal plane. This can decouple the lateral and vertical static loads and realize the axial static load environment simulation of the stressed bearing.

[0062] Random sinusoidal load environment simulation: In the implementation, the actual obtained random sinusoidal load environment spectrum is input into the measurement and control software, the error band required by the test is set, and the vibration table 4 is driven by the measurement and control software and power amplifier to transmit the load sequentially to the base plate 13, bearing seat 14, rotating shaft 16, and bearings (second bearing 15-2 and first bearing 15-1) to realize the simulation of random sinusoidal load environment of the stressed bearings.

[0063] Simulation of control force load environment: During implementation, the swing amplitude and frequency of the servo motor 7 are controlled according to the actual control force and load sensor 9. The servo motor 7 drives the linkage, which drives the rocker arm 10 to work. Since the other end of the rocker arm 10 is hinged to the spring damping system 11, the spring damping system 11 is driven to start working, thereby realizing the simulation of control force load environment.

[0064] In practice, the simulation of the bearing load above can play a role simultaneously, together constituting the stress environment of the bearing in actual operation.

[0065] The above description merely illustrates the embodiments of this application, and while it is quite specific and detailed, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Furthermore, any parts not detailed in this application are conventional techniques.

Claims

1. A bearing load environment verification device, characterized by, The device comprises a stand (1), counterweights, a vibration table (4), connecting ropes, a rudder installation support (6), a rudder (7), connecting rods, a load sensor (9), a rocker arm (10), a spring damping system (11), a bottom plate (13), a bearing seat (14), bearings, a rotating shaft (16), wherein the connecting ropes comprise a first connecting rope (5-1) and a second connecting rope (5-2), the bearings comprise a first bearing (15-1) and a second bearing (15-2), the counterweights comprise a first counterweight (2-1) and a second counterweight (2-2), the connecting rods comprise a first connecting rod (8-1) and a second connecting rod (8-2), and the device further comprises a third bearing (17), One end of the first connecting rope (5-1) is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing (15-2), and the other end is connected with the first counterweight (2-1) after being hung on the back of the stand (1); one end of the second connecting rope (5-2) is connected with the rotating shaft (16), and the other end is connected with the second counterweight (2-2) after being hung on the back of the stand (1); The bottom plate (13) is fixed on the vibration table (4); the bottom of the rudder installation support (6) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (13) to form an integral whole, and the rudder (7) is fixed on the support surface of the rudder installation support (6); the bearing seat (14) is fixed on the bottom plate (13); the rocker arm (10) is fixedly nested on the rotating shaft (16), one end of the spring damping system (11) is hingedly connected with the rocker arm (10), and the other end of the spring damping system (11) is connected with the bottom plate (13); the two end interfaces of the load sensor (9) are respectively screwed with the first connecting rod (8-1) and the second connecting rod (8-2), the joint of the second connecting rod (8-2) is hingedly connected with the rocker of the rudder (7), and the joint of the first connecting rod (8-1) is hingedly connected with one end of the rocker arm (10); the first bearing (15-1) and the third bearing (17) are respectively screwed and fixed with the bearing seat (14), and the second bearing (15-2) and the first bearing (15-1) are nested on the rotating shaft (16), and the third bearing (17) is nested on the rotating shaft (16). One end of the second connecting rope (5-2) is connected with the rotating shaft (16) through a connecting bolt (18).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The other end of the spring damping system (11) is hingedly connected with a fixed yoke (12), and the fixed yoke (12) is fixed on the bottom plate (13).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises a pulley assembly, and the pulley assembly comprises a first pulley assembly (3-1), 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first pulley assembly (3-1) is fixedly connected with the stand (1); One end of the first connecting rope (5-1) is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing (15-2), and the other end is connected with the first counterweight (2-1) after passing through the first pulley assembly (3-1). The pulley assembly further comprises a second pulley assembly (3-2), 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The second pulley assembly (3-2) is fixedly connected with the stand (1); One end of the second connecting rope (5-2) is connected with the rotating shaft (16), and the other end is connected with the second counterweight (2-2) after passing through the second pulley assembly (3-2). The spring damping system (11) comprises a spring and a damper connected with the spring, 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, One end of the spring is hingedly connected with the rocker arm (10), and the other end of the spring is connected with the bottom plate (13) through the damper. ​ 7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The first pulley assembly (3-1) and the second pulley assembly (3-2) each comprise a pulley yoke and a pulley, and the pulley yoke and the pulley are connected through a pulley shaft, The pulley yoke of the first pulley assembly (3-1) and the second pulley assembly (3-2) is fixedly connected with the stand column (1); One end of the first connecting rope (5-1) is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing (15-2), and the other end is connected with the first counterweight (2-1) after passing through the pulley of the first pulley assembly (3-1); One end of the second connecting rope (5-2) is connected with the rotating shaft (16), and the other end is connected with the second counterweight (2-2) after passing through the pulley of the second pulley assembly (3-2).

8. A method of verifying a bearing load environment, characterized by, For the device of claim 5, the method comprises: axial static load environment simulation, lateral and vertical static load environment simulation, random plus sinusoidal load environment simulation, steering force load environment simulation, In the axial static load environment simulation process, one end of the second connecting rope (5-2) is connected with the rotating shaft (16), and the other end is connected with the second counterweight (2-2), and the up-down position of the second pulley assembly (3-2) and the stand column (1) is adjusted to keep the horizontal section of the second connecting rope (5-2) and the rotating shaft (16) in the same axial position; according to the actual obtained axial static load of the bearing, the weight of the second counterweight (2-2) is set to realize the axial static load environment simulation of the stressed bearing; In the lateral and vertical static load environment simulation process, one end of the first connecting rope (5-1) is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing (15-2), and the other end is connected with the first counterweight (2-1); according to the actual obtained lateral and vertical static load of the bearing, the weight of the first counterweight (2-1) is set, and finally the up-down position of the first pulley assembly (3-1) and the stand column (1) is adjusted to make the upper half of the first connecting rope (5-1) form a preset angle with the horizontal plane, decouple the lateral and vertical static load, and realize the lateral and vertical static load environment simulation of the stressed bearing; In the random plus sinusoidal load environment simulation process, the actual obtained random plus sinusoidal load environment spectrum is input into the measurement and control software, the error band required by the test is set, the measurement and control software and the power amplifier drive the vibration table (4) to sequentially transmit the load to the bottom plate (13), the bearing seat (14), the rotating shaft (16) and the bearing, and realize the random plus sinusoidal load environment simulation of the stressed bearing; In the steering force load environment simulation process, according to the actual obtained steering force and the swing amplitude and frequency of the rudder (7) controlled by the load sensor (9), the rudder (7) drives the connecting rod and drives the rocker arm (10) to work, and since the rocker arm (10) is hinged with the spring damping system (11), the spring damping system (11) will start to work, thereby realizing the steering force load environment simulation.

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