Transplanting device and repairing method for Japanese eelgrass plants in intertidal zone

Abstract

The invention provides an intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device and a restoration method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The transplanting device is a frame with an upper opening and a lower opening, degradable rope penetrating holes are formed in two opposite side faces, and degradable ropes are connected to the opposite degradable rope penetrating holes; a mud blocking plate inclining downwards is further arranged on the periphery of the device. According to the transplanting device, damage to the terrain of an intertidal zone can be reduced, after Japanese eelgrass is transplanted, impact of tide water on transplanted plants can be effectively resisted, growth of new roots of the transplanted plants is facilitated, and the problem that the transplanted plants are difficult to fix is solved; the successfully transplanted Japanese eelgrass plants can quickly form communities, optimize the surrounding habitat, improve the environment quality and exert huge ecological value by relying on the population reproduction capacity of the Japanese eelgrass plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular relates to an intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device and a restoration method. Background Art

[0002] Japanese eelgrass (Zosterajaponica), also known as dwarf giant algae, is an important primary producer in the intertidal ecosystem. It has high ecological and economic value. It not only provides habitats and nurseries for intertidal organisms, but its debris is also an important food source for offshore organisms. At the same time, Japanese eelgrass communities can also regulate suspended matter, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, heavy metals and nutrients in the water, slow down the flow of water, and prevent waves and strengthen embankments, playing a key role.

[0003] In recent decades, due to changes in the natural environment and interference from human factors, Japanese eelgrass resources have been declining, and even some Japanese eelgrass beds in coastal areas have completely disappeared, seriously affecting the stability of the intertidal ecosystem. As people's understanding of the ecological functions of seagrass beds increases, the protection of seagrass beds and the restoration of their communities have received attention from scholars at home and abroad, and a large number of seagrass bed restoration technologies and devices have been developed. The seagrass plant transplantation method is currently the most used and studied seagrass restoration method. Special methods and devices are used to transplant natural seagrass to the restoration sea area, and the asexual reproduction of seagrass is used to achieve the purpose of seagrass restoration. Due to the different transplanting units, it is divided into three types: turf method, grass block method and rhizome method. Among them, the turf method and grass block method are more destructive to natural seagrass beds. The rhizome method, which relies on manual collection of transplant units, does not contain bottom sediment, greatly reduces the destructiveness to natural seagrass beds and is currently the main means of repairing seagrass beds. Compared with other seagrass restoration work, the tidal movement in the intertidal zone where Japanese eelgrass lives is more complex. How to fix Japanese eelgrass in the bottom sediment is a difficult point in the restoration of Japanese eelgrass beds. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device and repair method in the intertidal zone to improve the transplanting efficiency and survival rate of Japanese eelgrass.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device in an intertidal zone is a frame with upper and lower openings, wherein two opposite sides are provided with degradable rope through holes and the opposite degradable rope through holes are connected with degradable ropes; a downwardly inclined mud blocking plate is also provided on the periphery of the device.

[0007] Preferably, the device is 56-60 cm in length and width, 14-16 cm in height, and each side is 1-1.5 cm thick; the bottom of the side is also provided with a chamfer inclined at 30-60°.

[0008] Preferably, 5-6 degradable rope perforations are arranged on each side, the degradable rope perforations are 1.8-2 cm away from the bottom of the device, and the distance between adjacent degradable rope perforations on the same side is 8-10 cm.

[0009] Preferably, the mud blocking plate is 4.5-5 cm wide, 0.5-0.7 cm thick, 7-9 cm away from the upper part of the device, and has a vertical inclination angle of 37±5°.

[0010] Preferably, the two sides of the device not provided with the holes for the degradable rope each have a handle, the handle is 10-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, 2-3 cm concave, and 2-3 cm away from the top of the device.

[0011] The present invention also provides an application of the transplanting device in transplanting and repairing Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for transplanting and repairing Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone, comprising the following steps: collecting wild Japanese eelgrass plants during their growth period, forming a plurality of wild Japanese eelgrass plants into a transplanting unit, and fixing them to a degradable rope of the transplanting device, and placing the transplanting device on an exposed mudflat after low tide.

[0013] Preferably, 6-10 wild Japanese eelgrass plants constitute a transplanting unit, the fixed distance of the transplanting units on the degradable rope is 8-10 cm, and each device fixes ≥25 transplanting units.

[0014] Preferably, the average tidal height of the intertidal zone is ≤1.2 m, the proportion of tidal flat bottom sand is >90%, and the salinity is 30-35 psu.

[0015] Preferably, after the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the degradable rope is degraded, the transplanting device is recovered, and the Japanese eel grass reproduces itself.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a device for transplanting Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone. The device can reduce damage to the intertidal zone terrain. After transplanting Japanese eelgrass, the device can also effectively resist the impact of tides on the transplanted plants, which is beneficial to the growth of new roots of the transplanted plants and solves the problem that the transplanted plants are difficult to fix.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for repairing Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone using the above-mentioned device. After successful transplantation, the Japanese eelgrass plants can rely on their own population reproduction ability to quickly form a community, optimize the surrounding habitat, improve environmental quality, and play a huge ecological value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device in the intertidal zone of the present invention, in which 1 is the outer frame body, 2 is the degradable rope perforation, 3 is the degradable rope, 4 is the mud blocking plate, and 5 is the handle;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the intertidal Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device of the present invention after the transplanting unit is fixed. In the figure, 1 is the outer frame body, 3 is the degradable rope, 4 is the mud barrier, 5 is the handle, and 6 is the Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting device provided by the present invention is a frame 1 with upper and lower openings, wherein two opposite sides are provided with degradable rope through holes 2 and the opposite degradable rope through holes are connected with degradable ropes 3; the periphery of the device is also provided with a downwardly inclined mud blocking plate 4, such as Figure 1 When transplanting Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone, the transplanting unit 6 of the Japanese eelgrass plants is fixed on the degradable rope 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0022] The transplanting device of the present invention will sink by itself due to its own weight after being placed on the tidal flat, and the rhizomes of the Japanese eelgrass transplanting units on the degradable rope will sink into the bottom due to the self-sinking movement of the device; after sinking to a certain depth, the mud barrier stops the self-sinking movement of the transplanting device, and at this time the Japanese eelgrass plants are controlled to be planted at a depth of 2-4 cm, thereby strengthening the fixation of the plants and promoting the germination of new roots of the transplanted plants.

[0023] Japanese eelgrass plants mainly survive in low-lying areas after low tide and where there is seawater. Under high temperature conditions in summer, if the transplanted Japanese eelgrass is exposed to the sun, the survival rate is less than 10%. Only in areas where the terrain is low and seawater is stored after low tide, Japanese eelgrass has a high resistance to high temperature and strong radiation environments, and the survival rate of transplanted plants will be correspondingly improved. The transplanting device of the present invention will intercept seawater and store it in the device when the tide is low, providing an adaptive living environment for the transplanted plants, greatly improving the survival rate of the plants.

[0024] The transplanting device of the present invention can also block the mud and sand carried by the tide, which will accumulate outside the device, raise the terrain outside the device, improve the plant habitat, and provide suitable conditions for the subsequent survival of the transplanted plants after the device is recovered.

[0025] The transplanting device of the present invention only needs to be directly placed in the restoration area, and two people can place 1000-2000m in one day. 2 area, greatly shortening repair time and saving labor costs.

[0026] In the present invention, the device is preferably 56-60cm long and 58-60cm wide, more preferably 14-15cm high; each side is 1-1.5cm thick; the bottom of the side is also provided with a chamfer inclined at 30-60°, more preferably 45°, which is conducive to the self-sinking of the transplanting device into the bottom sand of the tidal flat.

[0027] In the present invention, it is preferred that 5-6 degradable rope holes are provided on the side of the device, the degradable rope holes are 1.8-2 cm away from the bottom of the device, and the distance between each degradable rope hole on the same side is 8-10 cm; it is further preferred that the aperture of the degradable rope hole is 0.5-1 cm.

[0028] In the present invention, the mud blocking plate is preferably 4.5-5 cm wide, 0.5-0.7 cm thick, 7-9 cm from the upper part of the device at the connection with the frame, and has a vertical inclination angle of 37±5°, which can control the self-sinking depth of the transplanting device.

[0029] In the present invention, the device is preferably not provided with a handle 5 on each of the two sides of the degradable rope through hole, the handle is 10-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, 2-3 cm concave, and 2-3 cm away from the top of the device, which is more convenient for manual carrying.

[0030] In the present invention, the transplanting device material is preferably a corrosion-resistant material having a density greater than that of seawater, and is further preferably an environmentally friendly material. As an implementable embodiment, the transplanting device material of the present invention is basalt fiber.

[0031] In the present invention, the degradable rope is preferably a hemp rope. As an embodiment, the degradable rope material of the present invention is jute fiber.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for transplanting and repairing Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone, using the above-mentioned transplanting device to complete the transplanting of Japanese eelgrass plants, including the following steps: collecting wild Japanese eelgrass plants during the growth period, multiple wild Japanese eelgrass plants are a transplanting unit, and are fixed to the degradable rope of the transplanting device, and the transplanting device is placed on the exposed tidal flat after the tide recedes. As an implementable method, a hemp rope is used to fix the bundling part of the transplanting unit to the degradable rope.

[0033] In the present invention, wild Japanese eel grass plants are collected during the growth period. As an implementable method, wild natural Japanese eel grass plants are collected in June. In April and May, the Japanese eel grass plants are small in size, which is not conducive to transplanting; in July and August, some Japanese eel grass plants enter the flowering period, and the weather is hot at this time, which is not conducive to transplanting survival. As an implementable method, after the wild Japanese eel grass plants are collected, they are rinsed clean with on-site seawater.

[0034] In the present invention, preferably 6-10 Japanese eel grasses are one transplanting unit, more preferably 8 Japanese eel grasses are one transplanting unit, and more preferably the rhizomes are tied with degradable ropes at a length of more than 1 cm to form one transplanting unit.

[0035] In the present invention, when the collection site and the transplantation site are not in the same sea area, the prepared transplanting unit is preferably immersed in an insulated box with seawater, maintained at 4-10°C and transported to the transplantation sea area.

[0036] In the present invention, the leaves of Japanese eelgrass plants are preferably shortened by 20%-40% during transplantation, and more preferably shortened by 1 / 3 of the overall leaf length. During the transplanting process, the root system of the Japanese eelgrass plant is damaged, and the ability to supply inorganic salts to the leaves is weakened, which correspondingly reduces the total leaf area, which is beneficial to improving the transplant survival rate.

[0037] In the present invention, preferably, the fixed distance between the transplanting units on the degradable rope is 8-10 cm, and each device has ≥25 fixed transplanting units; further preferably, each transplanting device has a total of ≥180 Japanese eelgrass plants.

[0038] In the present invention, the average tidal height in the intertidal zone is preferably ≤1.2m, the proportion of tidal flat bottom sand is >90%, and the salinity is 30-35psu; the preferred interval for placing the transplanting device is 56-60cm, and the further preferred interval is 55cm, which is convenient for staff to pass and later maintenance.

[0039] In the present invention, it is preferred that the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the degradable rope is degraded, the transplanting device is recovered, the Japanese eel grass reproduces itself, and the recovered transplanting device is reused.

[0040] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] An intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting and repairing device, the structure is as follows:

[0043] The material is basalt fiber; the device is a frame with open top and bottom, 60 cm long, 60 cm wide and 14 cm high, the side frame thickness of the device is 1 cm, and the bottom of the device has a chamfer with an inward or outward angle of 45°; there are 5 degradable rope holes on each side of the device, with a hole diameter of 1 cm. The degradable rope holes are 2 cm away from the bottom of the device and 10 cm apart. The degradable rope is inserted between the corresponding degradable rope holes on the two sides, and the degradable rope material is jute fiber; a downward-inclined mud barrier is provided on the periphery of the device, 5 cm long, 0.5 cm thick, with a downward vertical inclination angle of 37±5°, and 7 cm from the top of the device; there is a handle on each side of the device without a degradable rope hole, which is 10 cm long, 4 cm wide, 2 cm concave, and 2 cm from the top.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] An intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting and repairing device, the structure is as follows:

[0046] The material is basalt fiber; the device is a frame with open top and bottom, 56 cm long, 56 cm wide and 16 cm high, the side frame thickness of the device is 1.5 cm, and the bottom of the device has a chamfer with an inward or outward angle of 30°; there are 5 degradable rope holes on each side of the device, with a hole diameter of 0.5 cm. The degradable rope holes are 1.8 cm away from the bottom of the device and 9 cm apart. Degradable ropes are inserted between the corresponding degradable rope holes on the two sides, and the degradable rope material is jute fiber; a downward-inclined mud barrier is provided on the periphery of the device, which is 4.5 cm long and 0.7 cm thick, with a downward vertical inclination angle of 37±5°, and is 9 cm away from the top of the device; there is a handle on each side of the device without a degradable rope hole, which is 12 cm long, 5 cm wide, 3 cm concave, and 3 cm away from the top.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] An intertidal zone Japanese eelgrass plant transplanting and repairing device, the structure is as follows:

[0049] The material is basalt fiber; the device is a frame with open top and bottom, 58 cm long, 58 cm wide and 15 cm high, the side frame thickness of the device is 1.2 cm, and the bottom of the device has a chamfer with an inward or outward angle of 60°; there are 6 degradable rope holes on each side of the device, with a hole diameter of 0.8 cm. The degradable rope holes are 1.9 cm away from the bottom of the device and 8 cm apart. Degradable ropes are inserted between the corresponding degradable rope holes on the two sides, and the degradable rope material is jute fiber; a downward-inclined mud barrier is provided on the periphery of the device, which is 4.8 cm long and 0.6 cm thick, with a downward vertical inclination angle of 37±5°, and is 8 cm away from the top of the device; there is a handle on each side of the device without a degradable rope hole, which is 11 cm long, 4.5 cm wide, 2.5 cm concave, and 2.5 cm away from the top.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] A method for transplanting and repairing Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone, using the transplanting device of Example 1 to transplant Japanese eelgrass plants, comprises the following steps:

[0052] (1) In June, when wild Japanese eelgrass is in the growth period, the plants are collected and cleaned with seawater on site. Eight Japanese eelgrass plants are randomly selected to form a transplanting unit, which is tied with hemp rope 1 cm above the root of the transplanting unit. If the collection site and the transplanting site are not in the same sea area, the prepared transplanting unit is immersed in an insulated box with seawater and maintained at 4-10°C before being transported to the transplanting sea area.

[0053] (2) On the shore of the transplanting area, the plants were processed on site, the total length of the leaves of the plants in the transplanting unit was shortened by 1 / 3, and tied to the degradable rope of the transplanting device at intervals of 10 cm. Each transplanting device was fixed with 25 transplanting units in total, with a total of 200 Japanese eelgrass plants;

[0054] (3) Select an intertidal zone with an average tidal height of ≤1.2 m. The bottom of the tidal flat is mainly composed of sand and silt, accounting for more than 90%, and the salinity is 30-35 psu. Place the transplanting device after the tide is low and the tidal flat is exposed. Place the transplanting device at intervals of 55 cm to allow normal passage for people and facilitate later maintenance.

[0055] (4) After the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the twine rots and the transplanted Japanese eelgrass plants begin to reproduce on their own. The transplanting device can be recovered and reused.

[0056] From June to October 2023, the method of this embodiment was used to carry out ecological restoration of Japanese eelgrass on the coastal mudflats of Kenli District, Dongying City. The intertidal zone of Dongying has a sandy silt bottom type, the intertidal zone has an uneven terrain, and the tidal movement is relatively strong. The weather is relatively hot in the summer, resulting in the original Japanese eelgrass community being distributed only in the low-lying areas of the intertidal zone, and the amount of resources is declining. In order to improve the habitat of Japanese eelgrass in this area and increase the amount of Japanese eelgrass resources, this restoration uses a Japanese eelgrass transplanting and fixing device, and the device is manually placed directly into the restoration area, with each device placed at an interval of 50 cm. Subsequent maintenance work found that after one month of transplanting, the survival rate of transplanted Japanese eelgrass plants can reach more than 90%, and the loss of transplanting units due to seawater erosion is greatly reduced; after three months of transplanting, the transplanted plants can be reproduced asexually.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] A method for transplanting and restoring Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone comprises the following steps:

[0059] A method for transplanting and restoring Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone, using the transplanting device of Example 2 to transplant Japanese eelgrass plants, comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) In June, when wild Japanese eelgrass is in its vegetative growth period, the plants are collected and cleaned with seawater on site. Ten Japanese eelgrass plants are randomly selected to form a transplanting unit, which is then tied with hemp rope 1 cm above the root of the transplanting unit. If the collection site and the transplanting site are not in the same sea area, the prepared transplanting unit is immersed in an insulated box with seawater and maintained at 4-10°C before being transported to the transplanting sea area.

[0061] (2) On the shore of the transplanting area, the plants were processed on site, the total length of the leaves of the plants in the transplanting unit was shortened by 20%, and tied to the degradable rope of the transplanting device at intervals of 8 cm. Each transplanting device had a total of 25 transplanting units fixed, with a total of 250 Japanese eelgrass plants;

[0062] (3) Select an intertidal zone with an average tidal height of ≤1.2 m. The bottom of the tidal flat is mainly composed of sand and silt, accounting for more than 90%, and the salinity is 30-35 psu. Place the transplanting device after the tide is low and the tidal flat is exposed. Place the transplanting device 50 cm apart to allow normal passage for people and facilitate later maintenance.

[0063] (4) After the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the twine rots and the transplanted Japanese eelgrass plants begin to reproduce on their own. The transplanting device can be recovered and reused.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] A method for transplanting and restoring Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone comprises the following steps:

[0066] A method for transplanting and restoring Japanese eelgrass plants in an intertidal zone, using the transplanting device of Example 3 to transplant Japanese eelgrass plants, comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) In June, when wild Japanese eelgrass is in its vigorous growth period, the plants are collected and cleaned with seawater on site. Six Japanese eelgrass plants are randomly selected to form a transplanting unit, which is tied with hemp rope 1 cm above the root of the transplanting unit. If the collection site and the transplanting site are not in the same sea area, the prepared transplanting unit is immersed in an insulated box with seawater and maintained at 4-10°C before being transported to the transplanting sea area.

[0068] (2) On the shore of the transplanting area, the plants were processed on site, the total length of the leaves of the plants in the transplanting unit was shortened by 40%, and tied to the degradable rope of the transplanting device at intervals of 10 cm. Each transplanting device fixed 30 transplanting units in total, with a total of 180 Japanese eelgrass plants;

[0069] (3) Select an intertidal zone with an average tidal height of ≤1.2 m. The bottom of the tidal flat is mainly composed of sand and silt, accounting for more than 90%, and the salinity is 30-35 psu. Place the transplanting device after the tide is low and the tidal flat is exposed. Place the transplanting device at intervals of 60 cm to allow normal passage for people and facilitate later maintenance.

[0070] (4) After the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the twine rots and the transplanted Japanese eelgrass plants begin to reproduce on their own. The transplanting device can be recovered and reused.

[0071] Example 7

[0072] Effects of different transplanting periods on the survival rate of Japanese eelgrass

[0073] In June, the seagrass bed was repaired by the piece-binding method. One month later, the survival rate of the transplanted plants was as high as 76.9%. In July and August, the piece-binding method was continued. After one month of trial planting, the survival rates were 58.9% and 40.6%, respectively, which were not as good as the transplanting effect in June.

[0074] In May, the plants are too small to be transplanted.

[0075] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for transplanting Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone, It is characterized in that The device is a frame open at the top and bottom, wherein two opposite sides are provided with degradable rope through holes and the opposite degradable rope through holes are connected with the degradable rope; the periphery of the device is also provided with a downwardly inclined mud blocking plate.

2. The transplanting device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The device is 56-60 cm long and 56-60 cm wide, 14-16 cm high, and each side has a thickness of 1-1.5 cm. The bottom of the side is also provided with a chamfer inclined at 30-60 degrees.

3. The transplanting device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Each side is provided with 5-6 degradable rope through holes, the degradable rope through holes are 1.8-2 cm away from the bottom of the device, and the distance between adjacent degradable rope through holes on the same side is 8-10 cm.

4. The transplanting device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mud blocking plate is 4.5-5 cm wide, 0.5-0.7 cm thick, 7-9 cm away from the upper part of the device, and has a vertical inclination angle of 37±5°.

5. The transplanting device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The two sides of the device not provided with the holes for the degradable rope are each provided with a handle, the handle is 10-12 cm long, 4-5 cm wide, 2-3 cm concave, and 2-3 cm away from the top of the device.

6. Use of the transplanting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the transplanting and restoration of Japanese eelgrass plants in the intertidal zone.

7. A method for transplanting and restoring Japanese eelgrass plants in intertidal zones, It is characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: collecting wild Japanese eelgrass plants during their growth period, using a plurality of wild Japanese eelgrass plants as a transplanting unit and fixing them to the degradable rope of the transplanting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and placing the transplanting device on an exposed mudflat after low tide.

8. The repair method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that 6-10 wild Japanese eelgrass plants constitute a transplanting unit, the fixed distance of the transplanting units on the degradable rope is 8-10 cm, and each device has ≥25 fixed transplanting units.

9. The repair method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The average tidal height of the intertidal zone is ≤1.2m, the proportion of tidal flat bottom sand is >90%, and the salinity is 30-35psu.

10. The repair method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that After the transplanting device is placed for 3 months, the degradable rope is degraded, the transplanting device is recovered, and the Japanese eel grass reproduces by itself.

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