A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings

Abstract

The invention relates to a casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings applied in the field of metal casting, comprising a control mechanism, a pouring balancing mechanism and an intelligent cavity pourer; the pouring balancing mechanism comprises a balancing air pipe vertically installed on a top plate, a pressure relief air pipe connected to a side of the balancing air pipe, a piston installed in an inner cavity at the upper end of the balancing air pipe, and a metal guide rod installed in the middle of the balancing air pipe, a distance sensor corresponding to a balancing pressure block is installed at the upper end of the balancing air pipe, and an eddy current sensor is installed on the metal guide rod; the intelligent cavity pourer is provided with a detection module, a balancing module and a reminder module, and adopts the above structure, the intelligent cavity pourer can automatically and sequentially control the rapid exhaust of the riser corresponding to the cavity, control the rapid entry of liquid metal into the cavity, reduce the time difference of liquid metal flowing into different cavity positions, and improve the casting molding efficiency and the quality of casting products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, in particular to a casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings. Background Art

[0002] A casting mold is a material that is made of other easily formed materials in advance in order to obtain the structural shape of a part. The mold is then placed in a sand mold, forming a cavity with the same size as the part structure. A flowing liquid is then poured into the cavity, and after the liquid cools and solidifies, a part with the same shape and structure as the mold can be formed.

[0003] When the molten metal is poured into the cavity of the casting mold, it is injected through the gate provided on the casting mold. After the liquid metal solidifies, a runner will be formed at the gate. In addition, when the liquid metal is injected into the cavity of the casting mold, air will be formed in the mold due to the presence of air in the cavity and the pouring system, and the volatilization of the release agent to generate gas. In order to quickly discharge the air, risers are usually opened at the parts of the mold cavity where air is easily accumulated. The liquid metal injected through the gate will overflow through the risers. Since the heights of the cavity positions corresponding to different risers are different, the time for the liquid metal to enter the corresponding cavity position is different, resulting in a large difference in the solidification time of the liquid metal at different positions in the cavity, thereby affecting the molding efficiency and product quality of metal castings. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that due to the different heights of the cavity positions corresponding to different risers, the time for liquid metal to enter the corresponding cavity positions is different, resulting in large differences in the solidification time of liquid metal in different positions in the cavity, thereby affecting the molding efficiency of metal castings and product quality.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings, comprising a lower mold, an upper mold, a control mechanism, a pouring balance mechanism and an intelligent cavity pouring device, wherein the lower mold and the upper mold are combined to form a cavity for casting products, and a gate and a riser are arranged on the upper mold;

[0006] The control mechanism includes a base disposed below the lower mold, a top plate disposed above the gate, and a cylinder installed between the base and the top plate;

[0007] The pouring balance mechanism includes a balance air pipe vertically installed on the top plate, a pressure relief air pipe connected to the side of the balance air pipe, a piston installed in the inner cavity of the upper end of the balance air pipe, and a metal guide rod installed in the middle of the balance air pipe. The balance air pipe corresponds to the position of the riser. The upper end of the piston is connected to a balance pressure block through a connecting rod. A distance sensor corresponding to the balance pressure block is installed on the upper end of the balance air pipe. A solenoid valve is installed on the pressure relief air pipe, and an eddy current sensor is installed on the metal guide rod.

[0008] The intelligent cavity pouring device is provided with a detection module, a balancing module and a reminder module. The balancing module is electrically connected to the detection module, the reminder module, the solenoid valve and the eddy current sensor respectively. The detection module is electrically connected to the cylinder and the distance sensor respectively.

[0009] In the casting mold for rapid prototyping of the above-mentioned metal castings, the intelligent cavity pouring device can automatically control the rapid exhaust of the risers corresponding to the cavity in sequence, that is, control the corresponding balance air pipe pressure relief exhaust, control the liquid metal to quickly enter the cavity, reduce the time difference of liquid metal flowing into different cavity positions, and improve the casting molding efficiency and the quality of casting products.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the bottom of the metal guide rod is flush with the bottom of the balance air pipe, and the metal guide rod is vertically installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the balance air pipe.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, a baffle is provided on the top of the balancing pressure block, and the distance sensor is used to detect the vertical movement distance of the baffle on the balancing pressure block.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the bottom opening diameter of the balancing air pipe is larger than the diameter of the riser, and the pressure relief air pipe is located below the piston.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the balancing air pipe is plugged into the top plate, a support spring connected to the balancing air pipe is installed below the top plate, and a limit frame fixed to the top plate is provided at the bottom of the support spring.

[0014] As another improvement of the present application, the pouring balance mechanism also includes a vacuum pump installed on the top plate, the input end of the vacuum pump is connected to a multi-way pipe, and the input end of the vacuum pump is connected in series with each pressure relief air pipe through the multi-way pipe.

[0015] As another improved supplement of the present application, a heating module is installed on the bottom outer ring of the balancing air pipe, and the heating module and the vacuum pump are both electrically connected to the balancing module.

[0016] As another improved supplement of the present application, the heating module is an annular structure, and the heating module is sleeved on the bottom outer ring of the balance air pipe.

[0017] To summarize, the intelligent cavity pourer can automatically determine the height of the corresponding part of the cavity and the riser, and automatically exhaust the corresponding risers and balance air pipes in turn, so as to automatically and flexibly control the liquid metal to enter the cavity and riser, and can accurately control the liquid metal to fill the corresponding cavity and enter the riser, reducing the situation where gas remains inside the cavity. At the same time, it controls the liquid metal to quickly enter the cavity, reduces the time difference of liquid metal flowing into different cavity positions, and improves casting molding efficiency and casting product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the first and second embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second embodiments of the present application after the balance air pipe and the riser are connected;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the first and second embodiments of the present application after the balancing air pipe is connected to the riser on the cavity;

[0022] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the balancing air pipe after the balancing air pipe is butted against the riser in the first and second embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a control principle block diagram of the intelligent cavity pouring device according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the vacuum pump and the heating module of the first and second embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of the control principle of the intelligent cavity pouring device according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0027] 1. Lower mold; 2. Upper mold; 3. Gate; 4. Riser; 5. Base; 6. Intelligent cavity pouring device; 7. Reminder module; 8. Cylinder; 9. Top plate; 10. Balance air pipe; 11. Pressure relief air pipe; 12. Solenoid valve; 13. Balance pressure block; 14. Distance sensor; 15. Eddy current sensor; 16. Metal guide rod; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Piston; 19. Support spring; 20. Vacuum pump; 21. Multi-way pipe; 22. Heating module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The first implementation method:

[0030] Figure 1-Figure 6 A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings is shown, comprising a lower mold 1, an upper mold 2, a control mechanism, a pouring balancing mechanism and an intelligent cavity pouring device 6. The lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 are combined to form a cavity for casting products. A gate 3 and a riser 4 are provided on the upper mold 2. Liquid metal is injected into the cavity through the gate 3, and the gas in the cavity is discharged through the corresponding riser 4. The control mechanism comprises a base 5 arranged below the lower mold 1, a top plate 9 arranged above the gate 3, and a cylinder 8 installed between the base 5 and the top plate 9. The top plate 9 is driven up and down by the operation of the cylinder 8, thereby controlling the height of the top plate 9.

[0031] In addition, the pouring balancing mechanism includes a balancing air pipe 10 vertically installed on the top plate 9, a pressure relief air pipe 11 connected to the side of the balancing air pipe 10, a piston 18 installed in the inner cavity of the upper end of the balancing air pipe 10, and a metal guide rod 16 installed in the middle of the balancing air pipe 10. The balancing air pipe 10 corresponds to the position of the riser 4. The upper end of the piston 18 is connected to a balancing pressure block 13 through a connecting rod 17. A distance sensor 14 corresponding to the balancing pressure block 13 is installed on the upper end of the balancing air pipe 10. A solenoid valve 12 is installed on the pressure relief air pipe 11, and an eddy current sensor 15 is installed on the metal guide rod 16. When liquid metal is injected into the cavity of the mold, the top plate 9 is controlled at this time. The balance air pipe 10 is driven to move downward, and after the bottom opening of the balance air pipe 10 is aligned with the corresponding riser 4, the pressure relief air pipe 11 is in a closed state. When the liquid metal gradually enters the cavity, the gas enters the inner cavity of the balance air pipe 10 through the riser 4. The inner cavity pressure of the balance air pipe 10 increases and pushes the piston 18 and the balance pressure block 13 to move upward. The pressure inside the balance air pipe 10 corresponding to the riser 4 is different, and the upward movement distance of the balance pressure block 13 corresponding to the balance air pipe 10 is different. Since the opening of each riser 4 is covered with the balance air pipe 10, the gas in the cavity corresponding to the riser 4 will not be completely emptied, and the metal liquid does not flow into the riser 4. Figure 4As shown, the cavity heights at the bottom of different risers 4 are different, and the pressure in the cavity at a lower place is greater than the pressure in the cavity at a higher place. Therefore, the rising height of the balancing pressure block 13 corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10 with relatively high pressure in the cavity is greater than the rising height of the balancing pressure block 13 corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10 with relatively low pressure in the cavity. The height of the cavity corresponding to the balancing pressure block 13 can be intuitively judged by the heights of different balancing pressure blocks 13; at this time, the pressure in the cavity of the balancing air pipe 10 can be balanced by opening the pressure relief air pipe 11 corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10. At this time, the liquid metal in the cavity smoothly enters the riser 4, and the balancing pressure block 13 corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10 is reset, and the pressure relief and exhaust of the balancing air pipes 10 corresponding to the cavities from low to high can be quickly controlled in turn, so as to control the liquid metal to quickly enter the cavity, reduce the time difference of liquid metal flowing into different cavity positions, and improve the casting molding efficiency and the quality of casting products.

[0032] In this embodiment, the intelligent cavity pouring device 6 is provided with a detection module, a balancing module and a reminder module 7. The balancing module is electrically connected to the detection module, the reminder module 7, the solenoid valve 12 and the eddy current sensor 15 respectively. The detection module is electrically connected to the cylinder 8 and the distance sensor 14 respectively. When the liquid metal is injected into the gate 3, the detection module controls the cylinder 8 to contract. The cylinder 8 drives the top plate 9 to move downward and drives the bottom opening of the balancing air pipe 10 to buckle onto the corresponding riser 4. The liquid metal enters the cavity and pushes the gas into the corresponding riser 4. At this time, the pressure in the balancing air pipe 10 corresponding to the riser 4 increases, and the pressure in the balancing air pipe 10 increases and pushes the piston 18, the connecting rod 17 and the balance. The balancing block 13 moves upward synchronously. At this time, the distance sensor 14 installed on the balancing air pipe 10 detects the distance data of the balancing block 13 moving upward in real time and sends it to the detection module. After receiving the distance data sent by different balancing blocks 13, the detection module sorts the distance data of different balancing blocks 13, and obtains the pressure order of the corresponding balancing air pipe 10 according to the distance sorting of the balancing blocks 13. The detection module sends the pressure magnitude sorting data of the corresponding balancing air pipe 10 to the balancing module. After the balancing module receives the pressure magnitude sorting data of the corresponding balancing air pipe 10, the solenoid valve 12 at the pressure relief air pipe 11 on the corresponding balancing air pipe 10 is controlled to open in sequence from high pressure to low pressure, and the type The gas at different positions of the cavity is depressurized in turn, which can reduce the gas retention in the cavity and increase the qualified rate of casting products; when the liquid metal moves up through the riser 4 and contacts the metal guide rod 16 in the balance air pipe 10, the molten metal will change the electromagnetic field around the metal guide rod 16. The electromagnetic field around the metal guide rod 16 changes and is detected by the eddy current sensor 15 connected to the metal guide rod 16. It is judged that the liquid metal has completely filled the cavity and entered the riser 4. At this time, the eddy current sensor 15 sends the detected data to the balancing module. After receiving the data sent by the eddy current sensor 15, the balancing module controls the solenoid valve 12 on the corresponding pressure relief air pipe 11 to close, and the liquid metal no longer enters the cavity. In the corresponding riser 4, the liquid metal can be accurately controlled to fill the corresponding cavity and enter the riser 4, reducing the situation where gas remains inside the cavity. When all eddy current sensors 15 corresponding to the riser 4 detect that the liquid metal has entered the riser 4, the balancing module determines that all the gas is discharged and the liquid metal has entered the cavity. At this time, the balancing module sends a reset message to the detection module. At this time, the detection module controls the cylinder 8 to extend and reset. At the same time, the balancing module sends a pouring completion signal to the reminder module 7. After receiving the signal, the reminder module 7 generates an audible and visual reminder to remind the operator to transfer the casting mold and move the new casting mold to the base 5 to repeat the pouring operation.

[0033] In addition, the bottom of the metal guide rod 16 is flush with the bottom of the balancing air pipe 10, so that the metal guide rod 16 moves down synchronously during the downward movement of the balancing air pipe 10 and is placed on the top of the riser 4. The metal guide rod 16 is a metal material with a melting point higher than the melting point of the casting raw material, which prevents the high-temperature liquid metal from melting the metal guide rod 16 and affecting the data collection of the metal guide rod 16. The metal guide rod 16 is vertically installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the balancing air pipe 10 to reduce the impact of the inner wall of the balancing air pipe 10 on the metal guide rod 16. A baffle is provided on the top of the balancing pressure block 13, and the distance sensor 14 is used to detect the vertical movement distance of the baffle on the balancing pressure block 13, so that the distance sensor 14 can better detect the distance data of the movement of the balancing pressure block 13, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bottom opening diameter of the balancing air pipe 10 is larger than the diameter of the riser 4, so that the bottom opening of the balancing air pipe 10 can cover the top opening of the riser 4, and the pressure relief air pipe 11 is located below the piston 18. When the piston 18 is reset, the piston 18 will not block the pressure relief air pipe 11, so that the pressure relief air pipe 11 can be exhausted smoothly.

[0035] In addition, the balancing air pipe 10 is plugged into the top plate 9, and a support spring 19 connected to the balancing air pipe 10 is installed below the top plate 9. A limit frame fixed to the top plate 9 is provided at the bottom of the support spring 19. When the top plate 9 drives the balancing air pipe 10 to move downward, the support spring 19 pushes the bottom of the balancing air pipe 10 to be close to the opening of the riser 4, thereby reducing gas leakage from the joint between the two. In addition, the limit frame can limit the position of the support spring 19 when driving the balancing air pipe 10 to reset.

[0036] The second implementation method:

[0037] Figure 5 and Figure 7-Figure 8 It is shown that, different from the first embodiment, the pouring balancing mechanism also includes a vacuum pump 20 installed on the top plate 9, and the input end of the vacuum pump 20 is connected to a multi-way pipe 21, and the input end of the vacuum pump 20 is connected in series with each pressure relief air pipe 11 through the multi-way pipe 21. In order to quickly form and quickly inject liquid metal into the cavity corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10, when the solenoid valve 12 on the pressure relief air pipe 11 is opened, the vacuum pump 20 can be opened at the same time. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump 20 is connected to the inner cavity of the balancing air pipe 10 through the multi-way pipe 21 and the pressure relief air pipe 11, and the gas in the cavity corresponding to the balancing air pipe 10 is quickly discharged, thereby improving the forming efficiency, reducing the time interval for injecting liquid metal at different cavity positions, and improving the quality of the casting product.

[0038] It is worth mentioning that a heating module 22 is installed on the bottom outer ring of the balancing air pipe 10. The heating module 22 and the vacuum pump 20 are electrically connected to the balancing module. The heating module 22 is a ring structure. The heating module 22 is sleeved on the bottom outer ring of the balancing air pipe 10. The heating module 22 can keep the liquid metal at the riser 4 warm and reduce the time interval for solidification of the liquid metal at different positions. When the balancing module controls the solenoid valve 12 at the pressure relief air pipe 11 to open, the vacuum pump 20 and the heating module 22 are controlled to work. By opening the solenoid valves 12 on the pressure relief air pipes 11 at different positions, the negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump 20 can be transmitted to the balancing air pipe 10 corresponding to the pressure relief air pipe 11 in turn to quickly discharge the gas. In addition, when the balancing module controls all the solenoid valves 12 to close, the vacuum pump 20 will be controlled to close at the same time, and the heating module 22 will be controlled to stop working when the balancing module sends a pouring completion signal to the reminder module 7.

[0039] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings, comprising a lower mold and an upper mold, wherein the lower mold and the upper mold are combined to form a cavity for casting a product, and the upper mold is provided with a gate and a riser, characterized in that: It also includes a control mechanism, a pouring balance mechanism and an intelligent cavity pouring device; The control mechanism includes a base disposed below the lower mold, a top plate disposed above the gate, and a cylinder installed between the base and the top plate; The pouring balance mechanism includes a balance air pipe vertically installed on the top plate, a pressure relief air pipe connected to the side of the balance air pipe, a piston installed in the inner cavity of the upper end of the balance air pipe, and a metal guide rod installed in the middle of the balance air pipe, the balance air pipe corresponds to the position of the riser, the upper end of the piston is connected to a balance pressure block through a connecting rod, the upper end of the balance air pipe is installed with a distance sensor corresponding to the balance pressure block, the pressure relief air pipe is installed with a solenoid valve, and the metal guide rod is installed with an eddy current sensor; The intelligent cavity pouring device is provided with a detection module, a balancing module and a reminder module, the balancing module is electrically connected to the detection module, the reminder module, the solenoid valve and the eddy current sensor respectively, and the detection module is electrically connected to the cylinder and the distance sensor respectively; The bottom of the metal guide rod is flush with the bottom of the balance air pipe, and the metal guide rod is vertically installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the balance air pipe; A baffle is provided on the top of the balancing pressure block, and the distance sensor is used to detect the vertical movement distance of the baffle on the balancing pressure block; The bottom opening diameter of the balancing air pipe is larger than the diameter of the riser, and the pressure relief air pipe is located below the piston.

2. A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance air pipe is plugged into the top plate, a support spring connected to the balance air pipe is installed below the top plate, and a limit frame fixed to the top plate is provided at the bottom of the support spring.

3. A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pouring balance mechanism also includes a vacuum pump installed on the top plate, the input end of the vacuum pump is connected to a multi-way pipe, and the input end of the vacuum pump is connected in series with each of the pressure relief air pipes through the multi-way pipe.

4. A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating module is installed on the outer ring of the bottom of the balancing air pipe, and the heating module and the vacuum pump are both electrically connected to the balancing module.

5. A casting mold for rapid prototyping of metal castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating module is an annular structure, and is sleeved on the bottom outer ring of the balance air pipe.

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